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Translate Gitea and new Thump
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‎content/blog/gitea/img/gitea.webp

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‎content/blog/gitea/index.en.md

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---
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title: "Gitea 🍵"
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date: 2022-08-08T20:03:02+02:00
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draft: false
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hideLastModified: true
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summaryImage: "img/gitea.webp"
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keepImageRatio: true
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summary: "Setting up your own Git service. And the migration from Alpine to Debian."
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showInMenu: false
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tags: ["Programming", "Git", "Home Lab", "DevOps"]
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---
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## Introduction to Git
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Git is currently the dominant version control tool in the market.
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The main idea behind it is to manage the state of various versions of source code.
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A full Git tutorial would be too lengthy for a blog post, so instead, I'll point you to a good resource.
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The comprehensive manual available at: [Pro Git Book](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2).
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Another key feature of Git is that it's a distributed system.
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It allows every user to create their own repository and sync it with others.
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However, it's common practice to have a central server where the main repository is hosted.
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These servers often come with a simple web UI to facilitate interactions with the repository.
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The largest platform for this type of software is [GitHub](https://github.com/), but there are others like [GitLab](https://about.gitlab.com) and [Gitea](https://gitea.io/en-us/).
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## My Experience with Gitea 🕰️
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The first service I installed on my home server was Gitea.
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It's lightweight, consumes minimal resources, and its web interface is quite user-friendly, making it the perfect choice for me.
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My initial Gitea installation ran inside an LXC container with Alpine Linux.
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Using Alpine’s package manager, installing gitea was straightforward.
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However, I aim to create a homogeneous server environment, meaning all servers should run Debian 11 on LXC.
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As a result, the Alpine container had to go, and I needed to migrate my Git server.
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Unfortunately, Gitea doesn’t provide a pre-packaged solution for Debian, so the installation is a bit more complex compared to Alpine.
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Gitea is written in [Golang](https://go.dev/), and they provide a static-linked binary that you can download, but the rest requires some manual setup by the admin.
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## Installing Gitea on Debian
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Here’s a rough outline of how to install Gitea on Debian:
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**Update and Install Dependencies:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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apt -y update
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apt -y install git vim bash-completion
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Add a User for Gitea:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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adduser \
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--system \
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--shell /bin/bash \
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--gecos 'Git Version Control' \
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--group \
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--disabled-password \
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--home /home/gitea \
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gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Download the Binary and Move it to `/usr/local/bin:`**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/go-gitea/gitea/releases/latest | grep browser_download_url | cut -d '"' -f 4 | grep '\linux-amd64$' | wget -i -
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Change Permissions and Rename the Binary:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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chmod +x gitea-*-linux-amd64
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mv gitea-*-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Create Directories for Files:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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mkdir -p /etc/gitea /var/lib/gitea/{custom,data,indexers,public,log}
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chown gitea:gitea /var/lib/gitea/{data,indexers,log}
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chmod 750 /var/lib/gitea/{data,indexers,log}
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chown root:gitea /etc/gitea
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chmod 770 /etc/gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Create a Systemd Unit File:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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vim /etc/systemd/system/gitea.service
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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Content of the file:
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{{< codeWide >}}
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[Unit]
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Description=Gitea (Git with a cup of tea)
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After=syslog.target
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
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LimitNOFILE=65535
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RestartSec=2s
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Type=simple
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User=gitea
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Group=gitea
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WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/gitea/
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ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gitea web -c /etc/gitea/app.ini
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Restart=always
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Environment=USER=gitea HOME=/home/gitea GITEA_WORK_DIR=/var/lib/gitea
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Start Gitea Service with Systemd:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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systemctl daemon-reload
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systemctl enable --now gitea
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systemctl status gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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**Additional Permissions for Gitea**
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This is important, or the service won't start properly.
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{{< codeWide >}}
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setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' /usr/local/bin/gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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## Migration
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The migration involved two steps: backing up the data and the database.
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The data primarily consisted of the repositories, which needed to be copied to the new server.
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You may also need to adjust Linux permissions if the user running Gitea has changed.
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In my case, I also had to update Git hooks, as the directory where Gitea was installed had changed. To do this, you can use the following command:
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{{< codeWide >}}
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grep -r "/usr/bin/gitea" . | cut -d : -f1 | xargs sed -i 's#/usr/bin/gitea#/usr/local/bin/gitea#g'
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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The database was SQLite, and it was easy to dump and restore.
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In conclusion, the migration was more difficult than I initially anticipated,
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but it wasn’t rocket science.
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I'm happy to say that I now have Gitea running on Debian 11! 😄

‎content/blog/gitea/index.md

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date: 2022-08-08T20:03:02+02:00
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draft: false
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hideLastModified: true
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summaryImage: "img/gitea.png"
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summaryImage: "img/gitea.webp"
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keepImageRatio: true
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summary: "Den eigene Git-Service einrichten. Und die Migration von Alpine zu Debian."
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showInMenu: false
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Da ich nun eine homogene Serverlandschaft anstrebe, sprich alle Server sollen mit Debian 11 auf LXC laufen. Musste nun der Alpine Container weichen.
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Es stand mir jetzt die Migration meines Git Server bevor. Leider pakettiert gitea seine Software nicht für Debian. Die Installation ist somit ein wenig schwieriger als unter Alpine.
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Gitea selbst ist in [Go](https://go.dev/) geschrieben und es wird ein static link Binary zur Verfügung gestellt. Dies kann gedownloadet werden, doch der Rest muss vom Admin selbst angepasst werden.
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Gitea selbst ist in [Golang](https://go.dev/) geschrieben und es wird ein static link Binary zur Verfügung gestellt. Dies kann gedownloadet werden, doch der Rest muss vom Admin selbst angepasst werden.
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## Installation von Gitea unter Debian
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Hier gebe ich die Installation unter Debian schemenhaft an:
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### Update und "Dependencys":
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**Update und "Dependencys":**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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apt -y update
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apt -y install git vim bash-completion
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Benutzer hinzufügen:
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**Benutzer hinzufügen:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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adduser \
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--system \
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Downloaden und nach `/usr/local/bin` verschieben:
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**Downloaden und nach `/usr/local/bin` verschieben:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/go-gitea/gitea/releases/latest | grep browser_download_url | cut -d '"' -f 4 | grep '\linux-amd64$' | wget -i -
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Rechte verändern und umbenennen:
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**Rechte verändern und umbenennen:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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chmod +x gitea-*-linux-amd64
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mv gitea-*-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Ordner für Files anlegen:
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**Ordner für Files anlegen:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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mkdir -p /etc/gitea /var/lib/gitea/{custom,data,indexers,public,log}
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chown gitea:gitea /var/lib/gitea/{data,indexers,log}
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chmod 770 /etc/gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Systemd Unit File erstellen:
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**Systemd Unit File erstellen:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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vim /etc/systemd/system/gitea.service
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Systemd gitea Service starten:
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**Systemd gitea Service starten:**
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{{< codeWide >}}
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systemctl daemon-reload
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systemctl enable --now gitea
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systemctl status gitea
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{{< /codeWide >}}
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### Zusätzliche Rechte für Gitea
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**Zusätzliche Rechte für Gitea**
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Ist wichtig da der Dienst sonst nicht startet.
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{{< codeWide >}}
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Die Datenbank war ein SQLite, diese ließ sich auch anstandslos dumpen und wieder einspielen.
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Abschließend kann man sagen, die Migration war schwieriger als erwartet aber kein Hexenwerk.
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Ich bin zufrieden, daß ich nun ein Gitea mir Debian 11 unter der Haube besitze.
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Ich bin zufrieden, daß ich nun ein Gitea mir Debian 11 unter der Haube besitze. 😄

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