Implement a basic calculator to evaluate a simple expression string.
The expression string contains only non-negative integers, '+', '-', '*', '/' operators, and open '(' and closing parentheses ')'. The integer division should truncate toward zero.
You may assume that the given expression is always valid. All intermediate results will be in the range of [-231, 231 - 1].
Example 1:
Input: s = "1+1" Output: 2
Example 2:
Input: s = "6-4/2" Output: 4
Example 3:
Input: s = "2*(5+5*2)/3+(6/2+8)" Output: 21
Example 4:
Input: s = "(2+6*3+5-(3*14/7+2)*5)+3" Output: -12
Example 5:
Input: s = "0" Output: 0
Constraints:
1 <= s <= 104sconsists of digits,'+','-','*','/','(', and')'.sis a valid expression.
Follow up: Could you solve the problem without using built-in library functions?