Cap06-07-Criando um Banco de Dados no MongoDB.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# <font color='blue'>Python Fundamentos - Capítulo 6</font>\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Versão da Linguagem Python Usada Neste Jupyter Notebook: 3.7.6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Versão da Linguagem Python\n",
    "from platform import python_version\n",
    "print('Versão da Linguagem Python Usada Neste Jupyter Notebook:', python_version())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Gravando Dados no MongoDB com PyMongo"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Instala o pacote pymongo para conectar no banco de dados MongoDB\n",
    "!pip install -q pymongo"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Importamos o MongoClient para conectar nossa aplicação ao MongoDB\n",
    "from pymongo import MongoClient"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Estabelecemos a conexão ao Banco de Dados\n",
    "conn = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "pymongo.mongo_client.MongoClient"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(conn)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Uma única instância do MongoDB pode suportar diversos bancos de dados. \n",
    "# Vamos criar o banco de dados cadastrodb\n",
    "db = conn.cadastrodb"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "pymongo.database.Database"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(db)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Uma coleção é um grupo de documentos armazenados no MongoDB \n",
    "# (relativamente parecido com o conceito de tabelas em bancos relacionais)\n",
    "collection = db.cadastrodb"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "pymongo.collection.Collection"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(collection)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Uma nota importante sobre coleções (e bancos de dados) no MongoDB é que eles são criados posteriormente - nenhum dos comandos acima executou efetivamente qualquer operação no servidor MongoDB. Coleções e bancos de dados são criados quando o primeiro documento é inserido."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import datetime"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Dados no MongoDB são representados (e armazenados) usando documentos JSON (Java Script Object Notation). Com o PyMongo usamos dicionários para representar documentos."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "post1 = {\"codigo\": \"ID-9987725\",\n",
    "        \"prod_name\": \"Geladeira\",\n",
    "        \"marcas\": [\"brastemp\", \"consul\", \"elecrolux\"],\n",
    "        \"data_cadastro\": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "type(post1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "collection = db.posts"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "post_id = collection.insert_one(post1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ObjectId('5ad94235b093151c3d578f32')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "post_id.inserted_id"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<pymongo.results.InsertOneResult at 0x11176a448>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Quando um documento é inserido uma chave especial, \"_id\", é adicionada \n",
    "# automaticamente se o documento ainda não contém uma chave \"_id\".\n",
    "post_id"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "post2 = {\"codigo\": \"ID-2209876\",\n",
    "        \"prod_name\": \"Televisor\",\n",
    "        \"marcas\": [\"samsung\", \"panasonic\", \"lg\"],\n",
    "        \"data_cadastro\": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "collection = db.posts"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "post_id = collection.insert_one(post2).inserted_id"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ObjectId('5ad94238b093151c3d578f33')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "post_id"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'_id': ObjectId('5ad94238b093151c3d578f33'),\n",
       " 'codigo': 'ID-2209876',\n",
       " 'data_cadastro': datetime.datetime(2018, 4, 20, 1, 28, 23, 551000),\n",
       " 'marcas': ['samsung', 'panasonic', 'lg'],\n",
       " 'prod_name': 'Televisor'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "collection.find_one({\"prod_name\": \"Televisor\"})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'_id': ObjectId('5ad94235b093151c3d578f32'), 'codigo': 'ID-9987725', 'prod_name': 'Geladeira', 'marcas': ['brastemp', 'consul', 'elecrolux'], 'data_cadastro': datetime.datetime(2018, 4, 20, 1, 28, 19, 198000)}\n",
      "{'_id': ObjectId('5ad94238b093151c3d578f33'), 'codigo': 'ID-2209876', 'prod_name': 'Televisor', 'marcas': ['samsung', 'panasonic', 'lg'], 'data_cadastro': datetime.datetime(2018, 4, 20, 1, 28, 23, 551000)}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# A função find() retorna um cursor e podemos então navegar pelos dados\n",
    "for post in collection.find():\n",
    "    print(post)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'cadastrodb'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Verificando o nome do banco de dados\n",
    "db.name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['posts']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Listando as coleções disponíveis\n",
    "db.collection_names()"
   ]
  }
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