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query_SDG16.xml
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query_SDG16.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="queries.xsl"?>
<aqd:query xmlns:dc="http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-namespace/"
xmlns:aqd="http://aurora-network.global/queries/namespace/">
<dc:identifier type="sdg">16</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16</dc:identifier>
<icon>https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/images/E_SDG_Icons-16.jpg</icon>
<dc:subject type="uri">https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg16</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier type="version">5.0</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.3817445</dc:identifier>
<dc:source type="doi">10.5281/zenodo.3817443</dc:source>
<dc:relation type="uri">https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs</dc:relation>
<dc:title>SDG-16 peace, justice and strong institutions</dc:title>
<dc:description>
The threats of international homicide, violence against children, human trafficking and sexual violence are
important to address to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development. They pave the way
for the provision of access to justice for all and for building effective, accountable institutions at all
levels.
While homicide and trafficking cases have seen significant progress over the past decade, there are still
thousands of people at greater risk of intentional murder within Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and around
Asia. Children’s rights violations through aggression and sexual violence continue to plague many countries
around the world, especially as under-reporting and lack of data aggravate the problem.
To tackle these challenges and build a more peaceful, inclusive societies, there needs to be more efficient and
transparent regulations put in place and comprehensive, realistic government budgets. One of the first steps
towards protecting individual rights is the implementation of worldwide birth registration and the creation of
more independent national human rights institutions around the world.
</dc:description>
<dc:rights href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY v4 INT</dc:rights>
<dc:creator>Aurora Universities Network (AUR); René Otten (VUA); Eike Spielberg (UDE); Felix Schmidt (UDE); Maurice Vanderfeesten (VUA); Alessandro Arienzo (UNA); Roberto delle Donne (UNA); Ignasi Salvadó Estivill (URV); José Luis González Ugarte (URV); Didier Vercueil (UGA); Nykohla Strong (UAB); Eike Spielberg (UDE); Linda Hasse (UDE); Ane Sesma (UEA); Baldvin Zarioh (UIC); Friedrich Gaigg (UIN); Nicolien van der Grijp (VUA); Yasin Gunes (VUA); </dc:creator>
<dc:contributor>Eike Spielberg (UDE); Peter van den Besselaar (VUA)
</dc:contributor>
<dc:date>2020-06-30</dc:date>
<aqd:query-definitions syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:subquery-identifier>1</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.1</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.1.1
Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population, by sex and age
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.1.2
Conflict-related deaths per 100,000 population, by sex, age and cause
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.1.3
Proportion of population subjected to physical, psychological or sexual violence in the previous 12
months
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.1.4
Proportion of population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "reduc*" ) W/3 ( "violence" OR "homicide" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "violen*" ) W/3 ( "related" ) W/3 ( "death*" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "victim*" ) W/3 ( "homicide" ) ) AND ( "number*" OR "per capita" OR "population" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "conflict*" ) W/3 ( "death*" ) ) AND ( "number*" OR "per capita" OR "population" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "physical*" OR "psychological" OR "sexual" ) W/3 ( "violen*" ) ) AND ( "number*" OR "per capita" OR "population" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "safe" ) W/3 ( "walking*" ) ) AND ( "number*" OR "per capita" OR "population" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:subquery-identifier>2</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.2</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of
children
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.2.1
Proportion of children aged 1-17 years who experienced any physical punishment and/or psychological
aggression by caregivers in the past month
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.2.2
Number of victims of human trafficking per 100,000 population, by sex, age and form of exploitation
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.2.3
Proportion of young women and men aged 18‑29 years who experienced sexual violence by age 18
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "end" OR "ending" OR "reduc*" ) W/3 ( "abus*" OR "exploit*" OR "traffick*" OR "violen*" OR "tortur*" OR "neglect*" ) W/3 ( "child*" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "caregiver*" ) AND ( "abus*" OR "exploit*" OR "traffick*" OR "violen*" OR "tortur*" OR "neglect*" ) W/3 ( "child*" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "victim*" ) AND ( "human traffick*" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( ( ( "sexual*" ) W/3 ( "violen*" ) ) AND ( "young" ) ) AND ( "number*" OR "per capita" OR "population" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
"Children's Right*"
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>3</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.3</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure
equal access to justice for all
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.3.1
Proportion of victims of violence in the previous 12 months who reported their victimization to
competent authorities or other officially recognized conflict resolution mechanisms
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.3.2
Unsentenced detainees as a proportion of overall prison population
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
"rule of law"
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "access*" ) W/3 ( "justice" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "victim*" ) W/3 ( "report*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>4</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.4</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the
recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.4.1
Total value of inward and outward illicit financial flows (in current United States dollars)
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.4.2
Proportion of seized, found or surrendered arms whose illicit origin or context has been traced or
established by a competent authority in line with international instruments
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "organised crime" ) OR ( "organized crime" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "illegal" OR "illicit" ) W/3 ( "financ*" OR "arms" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "recover*" OR "return*" ) W/3 ( "stolen" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "money" ) W/3 ( "launder*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>5</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.5</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.5.1
Proportion of persons who had at least one contact with a public official and who paid a bribe to a
public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials, during the previous 12 months
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.5.2
Proportion of businesses that had at least one contact with a public official and that paid a bribe
to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials during the previous 12
months
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
("corruption" OR "bribe*" OR "miscarriage of justice" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>6</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.6</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.6.1
Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget, by sector (or by budget
codes or similar)
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.6.2
Proportion of the population satisfied with their last experience of public services
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "effective" OR "accountable" OR "transparent" ) W/3 ( "institution*" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "satisf*" OR "experience*" ) W/3 ( "public service*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>7</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.7</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making
at all levels
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.7.1
Proportions of positions (by sex, age, persons with disabilities and population groups) in public
institutions (national and local legislatures, public service, and judiciary) compared to national
distributions
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.7.2
Proportion of population who believe decision-making is inclusive and responsive, by sex, age,
disability and population group
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "decision making" ) W/3 ( "responsive" OR "inclusive" OR "participat*" OR "represent*" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
"inclusive societ*"
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "people*" OR "women" OR "men" )
W/3 ( "participat*" OR "position*" )
W/3 ( "institution*" OR "government*" OR "municipal*" OR "judiciary" OR "public service*" OR "legislature" OR "parliament*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>8</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.8</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the
institutions of global governance
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.8.1
Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( ( "participat*" OR "representation" OR "voice" OR "voting right*" ) W/3 ( "international*" OR "global" ) ) AND ( "develop* countr*" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "Nongovernmental Organisation*" OR "Nongovernmental Organization*" OR "Non-governmental Organisation*" OR "Non-governmental Organization*" OR "NGO*" )
AND ( "develop* countr*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>9</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.9</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.9.1
Proportion of children under 5 years of age whose births
have been registered with a civil authority, by age
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
"legal identity"
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
("birth") W/3 ("regist*") AND ("authorit*" OR "municipal*")
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>10</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.10</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in
accordance with national legislation and international agreements
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.10.1
Number of verified cases of killing, kidnapping, enforced disappearance, arbitrary detention and
torture of journalists, associated media personnel, trade unionists and human rights advocates in
the previous 12 months
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.10.2
Number of countries that adopt and implement constitutional, statutory and/or policy guarantees for
public access to information
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "public*" ) W/3 ( "access*" ) W/3 ( "information*" )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "fundamental freedom*" ) OR ( ( "free*" ) W/3 ( "speech*" OR "press" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "case*" )
AND ( ( "kill*" OR "murder*" OR "attack*" OR "kidnap*" OR "disappear*" OR "arbitrary detention*" OR "tortur*" )
W/3 ( "journalist*" OR "media personnel*" OR "trade union*" OR "lawyer*" OR "advocates" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>a</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.a</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international
cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent
violence and combat terrorism and crime
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.a.1
Existence of independent national human rights institutions in compliance with the Paris Principles
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "institution*" ) AND ( ( "prevent*" OR "combat*" ) W/3 ( "violence" OR "terrorism*" OR "crime" ) )
</aqd:query-line>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "institution*" ) AND ( "human right*" OR "civil right*" OR "child right*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:query-definition syntax="SCOPUS">
<aqd:subquery-identifier>b</aqd:subquery-identifier>
<dc:identifier type="uri">http://metadata.un.org/sdg/16.b</dc:identifier>
<aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:subquery-description>
Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable
development
</aqd:subquery-description>
<aqd:subquery-description>
16.b.1
Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the
previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human
rights law
</aqd:subquery-description>
</aqd:subquery-descriptions>
<aqd:query-lines>
<aqd:query-line field="TITLE-ABS-KEY">
( "discriminat*" OR "non-discriminat*" OR "nondiscriminat*" ) AND ( "policy" OR "policies" OR "legislation*" OR "law*" )
</aqd:query-line>
</aqd:query-lines>
</aqd:query-definition>
<aqd:filters>
<aqd:filter type="affilation" field="AF-ID"></aqd:filter>
<aqd:timerange field="PUBYEAR">
<aqd:start>2009</aqd:start>
<aqd:end>2020</aqd:end>
</aqd:timerange>
</aqd:filters>
</aqd:query-definitions>
</aqd:query>