diff --git a/src/pyethnicity/_bayesian_models.py b/src/pyethnicity/_bayesian_models.py
index b329ae2..98ea9de 100644
--- a/src/pyethnicity/_bayesian_models.py
+++ b/src/pyethnicity/_bayesian_models.py
@@ -59,6 +59,18 @@ def load(self, resource: Resource) -> pl.DataFrame:
 RESOURCE_LOADER = ResourceLoader()
 
 
+def last_name_join(left: pl.DataFrame, right: pl.DataFrame) -> pl.DataFrame:
+    df = left.join(
+        right.with_columns(is_matched=pl.lit(True)),
+        left_on="last_name",
+        right_on="name",
+        how="left",
+    )
+    not_matched = df.filter(~pl.col("is_matched")).filter(
+        pl.col("last_name").str.contains()
+    )
+
+
 def _remove_chars(expr: pl.Expr) -> pl.Expr:
     for char in UNWANTED_CHARS:
         expr = expr.str.replace_all(char, "", literal=True)
@@ -74,13 +86,15 @@ def _normalize_name(name: Name, col_name: str) -> pl.DataFrame:
         pl.LazyFrame({col_name: name})
         .with_columns(
             pl.col(col_name)
-            .pipe(_remove_chars)
             .str.to_uppercase()
             .str.replace_all(r"\s?J\.*?R\.*\s*?$", "")
             .str.replace_all(r"\s?S\.*?R\.*\s*?$", "")
             .str.replace_all(r"\s?III\s*?$", "")
             .str.replace_all(r"\s?IV\s*?$", "")
-            .apply(_remove_single_chars)
+        )
+        .with_columns(
+            pl.col(col_name).alias(f"{col_name}_raw"),
+            pl.col(col_name).pipe(_remove_chars).map_elements(_remove_single_chars),
         )
         .collect()
     )
@@ -172,24 +186,63 @@ def _bisg_internal(
 
     _assert_equal_lengths(last_name, geography)
 
-    last_name_cleaned = _normalize_name(last_name, "last_name")
+    raw = pl.DataFrame({"last_name": last_name, geo_type: geography}).unique()
 
-    prob_race_given_last_name = last_name_cleaned.join(
-        RESOURCE_LOADER.load(prob_race_given_last_name_path),
+    last_name_cleaned = _normalize_name(raw["last_name"], "last_name").with_row_count(
+        "index"
+    )
+
+    prob_race_given_last_name_full = RESOURCE_LOADER.load(
+        prob_race_given_last_name_path
+    )
+
+    # first, join on the last name
+    matched_1 = last_name_cleaned.join(
+        prob_race_given_last_name_full,
         left_on="last_name",
         right_on="name",
-        how="left",
+        how="inner",
+    )
+
+    # when there is a compound name, match on the first one
+    not_matched = (
+        last_name_cleaned.filter(~pl.col("index").is_in(matched_1["index"]))
+        .filter(pl.col("last_name_raw").str.contains("-"))
+        .with_columns(last_name=pl.col("last_name_raw").str.split("-").list.get(0))
+    )
+    matched_2 = not_matched.join(
+        prob_race_given_last_name_full,
+        left_on="last_name",
+        right_on="name",
+        how="inner",
+    )
+
+    # finally, match on the second part of the compound name
+    not_matched = (
+        last_name_cleaned.filter(~pl.col("index").is_in(matched_1["index"]))
+        .filter(~pl.col("index").is_in(matched_2["index"]))
+        .with_columns(last_name=pl.col("last_name_raw").str.split("-").list.get(1))
+    )
+    matched_3 = not_matched.join(
+        prob_race_given_last_name_full,
+        left_on="last_name",
+        right_on="name",
+        how="inner",
+    )
+
+    prob_race_given_last_name = pl.concat(
+        [matched_1, matched_2, matched_3], how="vertical"
     ).select(races)
 
-    prob_geo_given_race = _resolve_geography(geography, geo_type).select(races)
+    prob_geo_given_race = _resolve_geography(raw[geo_type], geo_type).select(races)
 
     bisg_numer = prob_race_given_last_name * prob_geo_given_race
     bisg_denom = bisg_numer.sum(axis=1)
     bisg_probs = bisg_numer / bisg_denom
 
     df = bisg_probs.to_pandas()
-    df.insert(0, "last_name", last_name)
-    df.insert(1, geo_type, geography)
+    df.insert(0, "last_name", raw["last_name"])
+    df.insert(1, geo_type, raw[geo_type])
 
     return df