diff --git a/include/co_context/co/when_all.hpp b/include/co_context/co/when_all.hpp
index 2f3357a..cfa4d02 100644
--- a/include/co_context/co/when_all.hpp
+++ b/include/co_context/co/when_all.hpp
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ template<mpl::TL out_type_list>
 struct all_meta : all_meta_base {
     static_assert(mpl::count_v<out_type_list, void> == 0);
 
-    using value_type = out_type_list::template to<std::tuple>;
+    using value_type = typename out_type_list::template to<std::tuple>;
     using buffer_type =
-        mpl::map_t<out_type_list, detail::uninitialize>::template to<
+        typename mpl::map_t<out_type_list, detail::uninitialize>::template to<
             std::tuple>;
 
     buffer_type buffer;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ struct all_trait {
   public:
     using meta_type = all_meta<out_type_list>;
 
-    using value_type = meta_type::value_type;
+    using value_type = typename meta_type::value_type;
 
     template<size_t idx>
     static constexpr size_t buffer_offset_v =
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ all(task_types... node) {
 
     using trait = detail::all_trait<task_types...>;
 
-    using all_meta_type = trait::meta_type;
+    using all_meta_type = typename trait::meta_type;
 
     all_meta_type meta{co_await lazy::who_am_i(), n};
 
diff --git a/include/co_context/co/when_any.hpp b/include/co_context/co/when_any.hpp
index 7cc7b25..e4a2778 100644
--- a/include/co_context/co/when_any.hpp
+++ b/include/co_context/co/when_any.hpp
@@ -90,9 +90,10 @@ struct any_trait {
     using in_type_list = mpl::type_list<typename task_types::value_type...>;
 
     using out_type_list =
-        mpl::remove_t<in_type_list, void>::template prepend<std::monostate>;
+        typename mpl::remove_t<in_type_list, void>::template prepend<
+            std::monostate>;
 
-    using variant_type = out_type_list::template to<std::variant>;
+    using variant_type = typename out_type_list::template to<std::variant>;
 
   public:
     static constexpr bool is_all_void =
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ any(task_types... node) {
     static_assert(n >= 2, "too few tasks for `any(...)`");
 
     using trait = detail::any_trait<task_types...>;
-    using meta_type = trait::meta_type;
+    using meta_type = typename trait::meta_type;
     auto meta_ptr = std::make_shared<meta_type>(co_await lazy::who_am_i());
 
     auto spawn_all = [&]<size_t... idx>(std::index_sequence<idx...>) {
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ any(task_types... node) {
     if constexpr (trait::is_all_void) {
         co_return meta_ptr->idx;
     } else {
-        using value_type = trait::value_type;
+        using value_type = typename trait::value_type;
         co_return value_type{meta_ptr->idx, std::move(meta_ptr->buffer)};
     }
 }
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ struct some_trait {
   private:
     using in_type_list = mpl::type_list<typename task_types::value_type...>;
 
-    using element_type = any_trait<task_types...>::value_type;
+    using element_type = typename any_trait<task_types...>::value_type;
 
   public:
     using value_type = std::vector<element_type>;
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ some(uint32_t min_complete, task_types... node) {
     assert(min_complete >= 1 && "min_complete should be at least 1");
 
     using trait = detail::some_trait<task_types...>;
-    using meta_type = trait::meta_type;
+    using meta_type = typename trait::meta_type;
     auto meta_ptr =
         std::make_shared<meta_type>(co_await lazy::who_am_i(), min_complete);