You can gather information from a module by using the Module::find()
From there you can do a range of things:
$module->getName()// Gets the module name$module->getLowerName()// Gets the module name in lowercase$module->getStudlyName()// Gets the module name in Studly case$module->getPath()// Gets the module's install path$module->getExtraPath()// Gets a path to a file or folder in a module$module->enable()// Enable the module$module->disable()// Disable the module$module->delete()// Delete a module