diff --git a/ch04/note04.ipynb b/ch04/note04.ipynb index 3119537d..8f62202a 100644 --- a/ch04/note04.ipynb +++ b/ch04/note04.ipynb @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ "### Spherical harmonics \n", "\n", "- Spherical harmonics, denoted as $Y_{lm}(\\theta, \\phi)$ or $|l, m\\rangle$ are important in many theoretical and practical applications, e.g., the representation of multipole electrostatic and electromagnetic fields, computation of [atomic orbital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital) [electron configurations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configuration), representation of gravitational fields, MRI imaging for streamline tractography, and the magnetic fields of planetary bodies and stars.\n", - "- Spherical harmonics emerge from the angular part of the solutions to the Laplace equation $\\nable^2 f=0$ in spherical coordinates which is the type of equation we obtained for Rigid Rotor problem and will see once more in Hydrogen atom problem.\n", + "- Spherical harmonics emerge from the angular part of the solutions to the Laplace equation $\\nabla^2 f=0$ in spherical coordinates which is the type of equation we obtained for Rigid Rotor problem and will see once more in Hydrogen atom problem.\n", "\n", "| $ Y_{lm}(\\theta, \\phi) $ | Expression | Colatitudinal Nodes | Azimuthal Nodes |\n", "|----------------------------|------------|----------------------|------------------|\n", @@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ " - For example, $ Y_{10} $ with $ \\cos(\\theta) $ has a single node at $ \\theta = \\pi/2 $, creating an equatorial node.\n", " - $ Y_{20} $, with $ (3\\cos^2(\\theta) - 1) $, introduces two polar nodes, dividing the sphere into three regions along the colatitude.\n", "\n", - "2. **Azimuthal Nodes (Longitudinal Nodes)**: The variable $ \\phi $ defines \"azimuthal\" nodes due to the terms $ e^{im\\phi} $, which create lines of longitude where the function changes phase. The number of azimuthal nodes is determined by $ |m| $:\n", + "2. **Azimuthal Nodes (Longitudinal Nodes)**: The variable $ \\phi $ defines \"azimuthal\" nodes due to the terms $e^{im\\phi}$, which create lines of longitude where the function changes phase. The number of azimuthal nodes is determined by $ |m| $:\n", " - If $ m = 0 $, there are no azimuthal nodes, as seen in $ Y_{00} $ and $ Y_{10} $.\n", " - For $ m = \\pm 1 $, a single azimuthal node occurs (e.g., $ Y_{1-1} $, $ Y_{2-1} $), and for $ m = \\pm 2 $, two azimuthal nodes appear (e.g., $ Y_{2-2} $).\n", "\n",