Adafruit_TFTLCD.cpp

// IMPORTANT: LIBRARY MUST BE SPECIFICALLY CONFIGURED FOR EITHER TFT SHIELD
// OR BREAKOUT BOARD USAGE.  SEE RELEVANT COMMENTS IN Adafruit_TFTLCD.h

// Graphics library by ladyada/adafruit with init code from Rossum
// MIT license

#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include "pins_arduino.h"
#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "Adafruit_TFTLCD.h"
#include "pin_magic.h"

#define TFTWIDTH   240
#define TFTHEIGHT  320

// LCD controller chip identifiers
#define ID_932X    0
#define ID_7575    1
#define ID_UNKNOWN 0xFF

// Register names from Peter Barrett's Microtouch code
#define ILI932X_START_OSC          0x00
#define ILI932X_DRIV_OUT_CTRL      0x01
#define ILI932X_DRIV_WAV_CTRL      0x02
#define ILI932X_ENTRY_MOD          0x03
#define ILI932X_RESIZE_CTRL        0x04
#define ILI932X_DISP_CTRL1         0x07
#define ILI932X_DISP_CTRL2         0x08
#define ILI932X_DISP_CTRL3         0x09
#define ILI932X_DISP_CTRL4         0x0A
#define ILI932X_RGB_DISP_IF_CTRL1  0x0C
#define ILI932X_FRM_MARKER_POS     0x0D
#define ILI932X_RGB_DISP_IF_CTRL2  0x0F
#define ILI932X_POW_CTRL1          0x10
#define ILI932X_POW_CTRL2          0x11
#define ILI932X_POW_CTRL3          0x12
#define ILI932X_POW_CTRL4          0x13
#define ILI932X_GRAM_HOR_AD        0x20
#define ILI932X_GRAM_VER_AD        0x21
#define ILI932X_RW_GRAM            0x22
#define ILI932X_POW_CTRL7          0x29
#define ILI932X_FRM_RATE_COL_CTRL  0x2B
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL1        0x30
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL2        0x31
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL3        0x32
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL4        0x35
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL5        0x36
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL6        0x37
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL7        0x38
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL8        0x39
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL9        0x3C
#define ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL10       0x3D
#define ILI932X_HOR_START_AD       0x50
#define ILI932X_HOR_END_AD         0x51
#define ILI932X_VER_START_AD       0x52
#define ILI932X_VER_END_AD         0x53
#define ILI932X_GATE_SCAN_CTRL1    0x60
#define ILI932X_GATE_SCAN_CTRL2    0x61
#define ILI932X_GATE_SCAN_CTRL3    0x6A
#define ILI932X_PART_IMG1_DISP_POS 0x80
#define ILI932X_PART_IMG1_START_AD 0x81
#define ILI932X_PART_IMG1_END_AD   0x82
#define ILI932X_PART_IMG2_DISP_POS 0x83
#define ILI932X_PART_IMG2_START_AD 0x84
#define ILI932X_PART_IMG2_END_AD   0x85
#define ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL1     0x90
#define ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL2     0x92
#define ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL3     0x93
#define ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL4     0x95
#define ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL5     0x97
#define ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL6     0x98

#define HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_HI    0x02
#define HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_LO    0x03
#define HX8347G_COLADDREND_HI      0x04
#define HX8347G_COLADDREND_LO      0x05
#define HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_HI    0x06
#define HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_LO    0x07
#define HX8347G_ROWADDREND_HI      0x08
#define HX8347G_ROWADDREND_LO      0x09
#define HX8347G_MEMACCESS          0x16

// Constructor for breakout board (configurable LCD control lines).
// Can still use this w/shield, but parameters are ignored.
Adafruit_TFTLCD::Adafruit_TFTLCD(
  uint8_t cs, uint8_t cd, uint8_t wr, uint8_t rd, uint8_t reset) {

#ifndef USE_ADAFRUIT_SHIELD_PINOUT
  // Convert pin numbers to registers and bitmasks
  _reset     = reset;
  csPort     = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(cs));
  cdPort     = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(cd));
  wrPort     = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(wr));
  rdPort     = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(rd));
  csPinSet   = digitalPinToBitMask(cs);
  cdPinSet   = digitalPinToBitMask(cd);
  wrPinSet   = digitalPinToBitMask(wr);
  rdPinSet   = digitalPinToBitMask(rd);
  csPinUnset = ~csPinSet;
  cdPinUnset = ~cdPinSet;
  wrPinUnset = ~wrPinSet;
  rdPinUnset = ~rdPinSet;
  *csPort   |=  csPinSet; // Set all control bits to HIGH (idle)
  *cdPort   |=  cdPinSet; // Signals are ACTIVE LOW
  *wrPort   |=  wrPinSet;
  *rdPort   |=  rdPinSet;
  pinMode(cs, OUTPUT);    // Enable outputs
  pinMode(cd, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(wr, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(rd, OUTPUT);
  if(reset) {
    digitalWrite(reset, HIGH);
    pinMode(reset, OUTPUT);
  }
#endif

  init();
}

// Constructor for shield (fixed LCD control lines)
Adafruit_TFTLCD::Adafruit_TFTLCD(void) {
  init();
}

// Initialization common to both shield & breakout configs
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::init(void) {

#ifdef USE_ADAFRUIT_SHIELD_PINOUT
  CS_IDLE; // Set all control bits to idle state
  WR_IDLE;
  RD_IDLE;
  CD_DATA;
  digitalWrite(5, HIGH); // Reset line
  pinMode(A3, OUTPUT);   // Enable outputs
  pinMode(A2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A0, OUTPUT);
  pinMode( 5, OUTPUT);
#endif

  setWriteDir(); // Set up LCD data port(s) for WRITE operations

  rotation  = 0;
  cursor_y  = cursor_x = 0;
  textsize  = 1;
  textcolor = 0xFFFF;
  _width    = TFTWIDTH;
  _height   = TFTHEIGHT;
}

// Initialization command tables for different LCD controllers
#define TFTLCD_DELAY 0xFF
static const uint8_t HX8347G_regValues[] PROGMEM = {
  0x2E           , 0x89,
  0x29           , 0x8F,
  0x2B           , 0x02,
  0xE2           , 0x00,
  0xE4           , 0x01,
  0xE5           , 0x10,
  0xE6           , 0x01,
  0xE7           , 0x10,
  0xE8           , 0x70,
  0xF2           , 0x00,
  0xEA           , 0x00,
  0xEB           , 0x20,
  0xEC           , 0x3C,
  0xED           , 0xC8,
  0xE9           , 0x38,
  0xF1           , 0x01,

  // skip gamma, do later

  0x1B           , 0x1A,
  0x1A           , 0x02,
  0x24           , 0x61,
  0x25           , 0x5C,
  
  0x18           , 0x36,
  0x19           , 0x01,
  0x1F           , 0x88,
  TFTLCD_DELAY   , 5   , // delay 5 ms
  0x1F           , 0x80,
  TFTLCD_DELAY   , 5   ,
  0x1F           , 0x90,
  TFTLCD_DELAY   , 5   ,
  0x1F           , 0xD4,
  TFTLCD_DELAY   , 5   ,
  0x17           , 0x05,

  0x36           , 0x09,
  0x28           , 0x38,
  TFTLCD_DELAY   , 40  ,
  0x28           , 0x3C,

  0x02           , 0x00,
  0x03           , 0x00,
  0x04           , 0x00,
  0x05           , 0xEF,
  0x06           , 0x00,
  0x07           , 0x00,
  0x08           , 0x01,
  0x09           , 0x3F
};

static const uint16_t ILI932x_regValues[] PROGMEM = {
  ILI932X_START_OSC        , 0x0001, // Start oscillator
  TFTLCD_DELAY             , 50,     // 50 millisecond delay
  ILI932X_DRIV_OUT_CTRL    , 0x0100,
  ILI932X_DRIV_WAV_CTRL    , 0x0700,
  ILI932X_ENTRY_MOD        , 0x1030,
  ILI932X_RESIZE_CTRL      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_DISP_CTRL2       , 0x0202,
  ILI932X_DISP_CTRL3       , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_DISP_CTRL4       , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_RGB_DISP_IF_CTRL1, 0x0,
  ILI932X_FRM_MARKER_POS   , 0x0,
  ILI932X_RGB_DISP_IF_CTRL2, 0x0,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL1        , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL2        , 0x0007,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL3        , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL4        , 0x0000,
  TFTLCD_DELAY             , 200,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL1        , 0x1690,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL2        , 0x0227,
  TFTLCD_DELAY             , 50,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL3        , 0x001A,
  TFTLCD_DELAY             , 50,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL4        , 0x1800,
  ILI932X_POW_CTRL7        , 0x002A,
  TFTLCD_DELAY             , 50,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL1      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL2      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL3      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL4      , 0x0206,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL5      , 0x0808,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL6      , 0x0007,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL7      , 0x0201,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL8      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL9      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GAMMA_CTRL10     , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GRAM_HOR_AD      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_GRAM_VER_AD      , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_HOR_START_AD     , 0x0000,
  ILI932X_HOR_END_AD       , 0x00EF,
  ILI932X_VER_START_AD     , 0X0000,
  ILI932X_VER_END_AD       , 0x013F,
  ILI932X_GATE_SCAN_CTRL1  , 0xA700, // Driver Output Control (R60h)
  ILI932X_GATE_SCAN_CTRL2  , 0x0003, // Driver Output Control (R61h)
  ILI932X_GATE_SCAN_CTRL3  , 0x0000, // Driver Output Control (R62h)
  ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL1   , 0X0010, // Panel Interface Control 1 (R90h)
  ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL2   , 0X0000,
  ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL3   , 0X0003,
  ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL4   , 0X1100,
  ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL5   , 0X0000,
  ILI932X_PANEL_IF_CTRL6   , 0X0000,
  ILI932X_DISP_CTRL1       , 0x0133, // Main screen turn on
};

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::begin(uint16_t id) {
  uint8_t i = 0;

  constructor(TFTWIDTH, TFTHEIGHT);

  reset();

  if((id == 0x9325) || (id == 0x9328)) {

    uint16_t a, d;
    driver = ID_932X;
    CS_ACTIVE;
    while(i < sizeof(ILI932x_regValues) / sizeof(uint16_t)) {
      a = pgm_read_word(&ILI932x_regValues[i++]);
      d = pgm_read_word(&ILI932x_regValues[i++]);
      if(a == TFTLCD_DELAY) delay(d);
      else                  writeRegister16(a, d);
    }
    setRotation(rotation);
    setAddrWindow(0, 0, TFTWIDTH-1, TFTHEIGHT-1);

  } else if(id == 0x7575) {

    uint8_t a, d;
    driver = ID_7575;
    CS_ACTIVE;
    while(i < sizeof(HX8347G_regValues)) {
      a = pgm_read_byte(&HX8347G_regValues[i++]);
      d = pgm_read_byte(&HX8347G_regValues[i++]);
      if(a == TFTLCD_DELAY) delay(d);
      else                  writeRegister8(a, d);
    }
    setRotation(rotation);
    setLR(); // Lower-right corner of address window

  } else {
    driver = ID_UNKNOWN;
    return;
  }
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::reset(void) {

  CS_IDLE;
  CD_DATA;
  WR_IDLE;
  RD_IDLE;

#ifdef USE_ADAFRUIT_SHIELD_PINOUT
  digitalWrite(5, LOW);
  delay(2);
  digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
#else
  if(_reset) {
    digitalWrite(_reset, LOW);
    delay(2);
    digitalWrite(_reset, HIGH);
  }
#endif

  CS_ACTIVE;
  CD_DATA;
  write8(0x00);
  for(uint8_t i=0; i<7; i++) WR_STROBE;
  CS_IDLE;
delay(100);
}

// Sets the LCD address window (and address counter, on 932X).
// Relevant to rect/screen fills and H/V lines.  Input coordinates are
// assumed pre-sorted (e.g. x2 >= x1).
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::setAddrWindow(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {

  CS_ACTIVE;
  if(driver == ID_932X) {

    // Values passed are in current (possibly rotated) coordinate
    // system.  932X requires hardware-native coords regardless of
    // MADCTL, so rotate inputs as needed.  The address counter is
    // set to the top-left corner -- although fill operations can be
    // done in any direction, the current screen rotation is applied
    // because some users find it disconcerting when a fill does not
    // occur top-to-bottom.
    int x, y, t;
    switch(rotation) {
     default:
      x  = x1;
      y  = y1;
      break;
     case 1:
      t  = y1;
      y1 = x1;
      x1 = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - y2;
      y2 = x2;
      x2 = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - t;
      x  = x2;
      y  = y1;
      break;
     case 2:
      t  = x1;
      x1 = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - x2;
      x2 = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - t;
      t  = y1;
      y1 = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - y2;
      y2 = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - t;
      x  = x2;
      y  = y2;
      break;
     case 3:
      t  = x1;
      x1 = y1;
      y1 = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - x2;
      x2 = y2;
      y2 = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - t;
      x  = x1;
      y  = y2;
      break;
    }
    writeRegister16(0x0050, x1); // Set address window
    writeRegister16(0x0051, x2);
    writeRegister16(0x0052, y1);
    writeRegister16(0x0053, y2);
    writeRegister16(0x0020, x ); // Set address counter to top left
    writeRegister16(0x0021, y );

  } else if(driver == ID_7575) {

    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_HI, HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_LO, x1);
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_HI, HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_LO, y1);
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_COLADDREND_HI  , HX8347G_COLADDREND_LO  , x2);
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_ROWADDREND_HI  , HX8347G_ROWADDREND_LO  , y2);

  }
  CS_IDLE;
}

// Unlike the 932X drivers that set the address window to the full screen
// by default (using the address counter for drawPixel operations), the
// 7575 needs the address window set on all graphics operations.  In order
// to save a few register writes on each pixel drawn, the lower-right
// corner of the address window is reset after most fill operations, so
// that drawPixel only needs to change the upper left each time.
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::setLR(void) {
  CS_ACTIVE;
  writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_COLADDREND_HI, HX8347G_COLADDREND_LO, _width  - 1);
  writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_ROWADDREND_HI, HX8347G_ROWADDREND_LO, _height - 1);
  CS_IDLE;
}

// Fast block fill operation for fillScreen, fillRect, H/V line, etc.
// Requires setAddrWindow() has previously been called to set the fill
// bounds.  'len' is inclusive, MUST be >= 1.
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::flood(uint16_t color, uint32_t len) {
  uint16_t blocks;
  uint8_t  i, hi = color >> 8,
              lo = color;

  CS_ACTIVE;
  CD_COMMAND;
  if(driver == ID_932X) write8(0x00); // High byte of GRAM register...
  write8(0x22); // Write data to GRAM

  // Write first pixel normally, decrement counter by 1
  CD_DATA;
  write8(hi);
  write8(lo);
  len--;

  blocks = (uint16_t)(len / 64); // 64 pixels/block
  if(hi == lo) {
    // High and low bytes are identical.  Leave prior data
    // on the port(s) and just toggle the write strobe.
    while(blocks--) {
      i = 16; // 64 pixels/block / 4 pixels/pass
      do {
        WR_STROBE; WR_STROBE; WR_STROBE; WR_STROBE; // 2 bytes/pixel
        WR_STROBE; WR_STROBE; WR_STROBE; WR_STROBE; // x 4 pixels
      } while(--i);
    }
    // Fill any remaining pixels (1 to 64)
    for(i = (uint8_t)len & 63; i--; ) {
      WR_STROBE;
      WR_STROBE;
    }
  } else {
    while(blocks--) {
      i = 16; // 64 pixels/block / 4 pixels/pass
      do {
        write8(hi); write8(lo); write8(hi); write8(lo);
        write8(hi); write8(lo); write8(hi); write8(lo);
      } while(--i);
    }
    for(i = (uint8_t)len & 63; i--; ) {
      write8(hi);
      write8(lo);
    }
  }
  CS_IDLE;
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::drawFastHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t length,
  uint16_t color)
{
  int16_t x2;

  // Initial off-screen clipping
  if((length <= 0     ) ||
     (y      <  0     ) || ( y                  >= _height) ||
     (x      >= _width) || ((x2 = (x+length-1)) <  0      )) return;

  if(x < 0) {        // Clip left
    length += x;
    x       = 0;
  }
  if(x2 >= _width) { // Clip right
    x2      = _width - 1;
    length  = x2 - x + 1;
  }

  setAddrWindow(x, y, x2, y);
  flood(color, length);
  if(driver == ID_932X) setAddrWindow(0, 0, _width - 1, _height - 1);
  else                  setLR();
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::drawFastVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t length,
  uint16_t color)
{
  int16_t y2;

  // Initial off-screen clipping
  if((length <= 0      ) ||
     (x      <  0      ) || ( x                  >= _width) ||
     (y      >= _height) || ((y2 = (y+length-1)) <  0     )) return;
  if(y < 0) {         // Clip top
    length += y;
    y       = 0;
  }
  if(y2 >= _height) { // Clip bottom
    y2      = _height - 1;
    length  = y2 - y + 1;
  }

  setAddrWindow(x, y, x, y2);
  flood(color, length);
  if(driver == ID_932X) setAddrWindow(0, 0, _width - 1, _height - 1);
  else                  setLR();
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::fillRect(int16_t x1, int16_t y1, int16_t w, int16_t h, 
  uint16_t fillcolor) {
  int16_t  x2, y2;

  // Initial off-screen clipping
  if( (w            <= 0     ) ||  (h             <= 0      ) ||
      (x1           >= _width) ||  (y1            >= _height) ||
     ((x2 = x1+w-1) <  0     ) || ((y2  = y1+h-1) <  0      )) return;
  if(x1 < 0) { // Clip left
    w += x1;
    x1 = 0;
  }
  if(y1 < 0) { // Clip top
    h += y1;
    y1 = 0;
  }
  if(x2 >= _width) { // Clip right
    x2 = _width - 1;
    w  = x2 - x1 + 1;
  }
  if(y2 >= _height) { // Clip bottom
    y2 = _height - 1;
    h  = y2 - y1 + 1;
  }

  setAddrWindow(x1, y1, x2, y2);
  flood(fillcolor, (uint32_t)w * (uint32_t)h);
  if(driver == ID_932X) setAddrWindow(0, 0, _width - 1, _height - 1);
  else                  setLR();
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::fillScreen(uint16_t color) {
  
  if(driver == ID_932X) {

    // For the 932X, a full-screen address window is already the default
    // state, just need to set the address pointer to the top-left corner.
    // Although we could fill in any direction, the code uses the current
    // screen rotation because some users find it disconcerting when a
    // fill does not occur top-to-bottom.
    uint16_t x, y;
    switch(rotation) {
      default: x = 0            ; y = 0            ; break;
      case 1 : x = TFTWIDTH  - 1; y = 0            ; break;
      case 2 : x = TFTWIDTH  - 1; y = TFTHEIGHT - 1; break;
      case 3 : x = 0            ; y = TFTHEIGHT - 1; break;
    }
    CS_ACTIVE;
    writeRegister16(0x0020, x);
    writeRegister16(0x0021, y);

  } else if(driver == ID_7575) {

    // For the 7575, there is no settable address pointer, instead the
    // address window must be set for each drawing operation.  However,
    // this display takes rotation into account for the parameters, no
    // need to do extra rotation math here.
    setAddrWindow(0, 0, _width - 1, _height - 1);

  }
  flood(color, (long)TFTWIDTH * (long)TFTHEIGHT);
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color) {

  // Clip
  if((x < 0) || (y < 0) || (x >= _width) || (y >= _height)) return;

  CS_ACTIVE;
  if(driver == ID_932X) {
    int16_t t;
    switch(rotation) {
     case 1:
      t = x;
      x = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - y;
      y = t;
      break;
     case 2:
      x = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - x;
      y = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - y;
      break;
     case 3:
      t = x;
      x = y;
      y = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - t;
      break;
    }
    writeRegister16(0x0020, x);
    writeRegister16(0x0021, y);
    writeRegister16(0x0022, color);

  } else if(driver == ID_7575) {

    uint8_t hi, lo;
    switch(rotation) {
     default: lo = 0   ; break;
     case 1 : lo = 0x60; break;
     case 2 : lo = 0xc0; break;
     case 3 : lo = 0xa0; break;
    }
    writeRegister8(   HX8347G_MEMACCESS      , lo);
    // Only upper-left is set -- bottom-right is full screen default
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_HI, HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_LO, x);
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_HI, HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_LO, y);
    hi = color >> 8; lo = color;
    CD_COMMAND; write8(0x22); CD_DATA; write8(hi); write8(lo);

  }
  CS_IDLE;
}

// Issues 'raw' an array of 16-bit color values to the LCD; used
// externally by BMP examples.  Assumes that setWindowAddr() has
// previously been set to define the bounds.  Max 255 pixels at
// a time (BMP examples read in small chunks due to limited RAM).
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::pushColors(uint16_t *data, uint8_t len, boolean first) {
  uint16_t color;
  uint8_t  hi, lo;
  CS_ACTIVE;
  if(first == true) { // Issue GRAM write command only on first call
    CD_COMMAND;
    if(driver == ID_932X) write8(0x00);
    write8(0x22);
  }
  CD_DATA;
  while(len--) {
    color = *data++;
    hi    = color >> 8; // Don't simplify or merge these
    lo    = color;      // lines, there's macro shenanigans
    write8(hi);         // going on.
    write8(lo);
  }
  CS_IDLE;
}

void Adafruit_TFTLCD::setRotation(uint8_t x) {

  // Call parent rotation func first -- sets up rotation flags, etc.
  Adafruit_GFX::setRotation(x);
  // Then perform hardware-specific rotation operations...

  CS_ACTIVE;
  if(driver == ID_932X) {

    uint16_t t;
    switch(rotation) {
     default: t = 0x1030; break;
     case 1 : t = 0x1028; break;
     case 2 : t = 0x1000; break;
     case 3 : t = 0x1018; break;
    }
    writeRegister16(0x0003, t ); // MADCTL
    // For 932X, init default full-screen address window:
    setAddrWindow(0, 0, _width - 1, _height - 1); // CS_IDLE happens here

  } if(driver == ID_7575) {

    uint8_t t;
    switch(rotation) {
     default: t = 0   ; break;
     case 1 : t = 0x60; break;
     case 2 : t = 0xc0; break;
     case 3 : t = 0xa0; break;
    }
    writeRegister8(HX8347G_MEMACCESS, t);
    // 7575 has to set the address window on most drawing operations.
    // drawPixel() cheats by setting only the top left...by default,
    // the lower right is always reset to the corner.
    setLR(); // CS_IDLE happens here

  }
}

// Because this function is used infrequently, it configures the ports for
// the read operation, reads the data, then restores the ports to the write
// configuration.  Write operations happen a LOT, so it's advantageous to
// leave the ports in that state as a default.
uint16_t Adafruit_TFTLCD::readPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) {

  uint16_t c;

  if((x < 0) || (y < 0) || (x >= _width) || (y >= _height)) return 0;

  CS_ACTIVE;
  if(driver == ID_932X) {

    int16_t t;
    switch(rotation) {
     case 1:
      t = x;
      x = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - y;
      y = t;
      break;
     case 2:
      x = TFTWIDTH  - 1 - x;
      y = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - y;
      break;
     case 3:
      t = x;
      x = y;
      y = TFTHEIGHT - 1 - t;
      break;
    }
    writeRegister16(0x0020, x);
    writeRegister16(0x0021, y);
    CD_COMMAND; write8(0x00); write8(0x22); // Read data from GRAM
  } else if(driver == ID_7575) {
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_HI, HX8347G_COLADDRSTART_LO, x);
    writeRegisterPair(HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_HI, HX8347G_ROWADDRSTART_LO, y);
    CD_COMMAND; write8(0x22); // Read data from GRAM
  }

  setReadDir(); // Set up LCD data port(s) for READ operations
  CD_DATA;
  c   = read8();        // Do not merge or otherwise simplify
  c <<= 8;              // these lines.  It's an unfortunate
  delayMicroseconds(1); // artifact of the macro substitution
  c  |= read8();        // shenanigans that are going on.
  setWriteDir(); // Restore LCD data port(s) to WRITE configuration
  CS_IDLE;

  return c;
}

// Ditto with the read/write port directions, as above.
uint16_t Adafruit_TFTLCD::readID(void) {

  uint16_t id;

  CS_ACTIVE;
  CD_COMMAND;
  write8(0x00);
  WR_STROBE;     // Extra strobe because high, low bytes are the same
  setReadDir();  // Set up LCD data port(s) for READ operations
  CD_DATA;
  id   = read8();       // Do not merge or otherwise simplify
  id <<= 8;             // these lines.  It's an unfortunate
  delayMicroseconds(1); // artifact of the macro substitution
  id  |= read8();       // shenanigans that are going on.
  CS_IDLE;
  setWriteDir();  // Restore LCD data port(s) to WRITE configuration

  return id;
}

// Pass 8-bit (each) R,G,B, get back 16-bit packed color
uint16_t Adafruit_TFTLCD::color565(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) {
  return ((r & 0xF8) << 8) | ((g & 0xFC) << 3) | (b >> 3);
}

// For I/O macros that were left undefined, declare function
// versions that reference the inline macros just once:

#ifndef write8
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::write8(uint8_t value) {
  write8inline(value);
}
#endif

#ifndef read8
uint8_t Adafruit_TFTLCD::read8(void) {
  // Do not merge or simplify -- macro shenanigans going on!
  uint8_t d = read8inline();
  return d;
}
#endif

#ifndef setWriteDir
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::setWriteDir(void) {
  setWriteDirInline();
}
#endif

#ifndef setReadDir
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::setReadDir(void) {
  setReadDirInline();
}
#endif

#ifndef writeRegister8
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::writeRegister8(uint8_t a, uint8_t d) {
  writeRegister8inline(a, d);
}
#endif

#ifndef writeRegister16
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::writeRegister16(uint16_t a, uint16_t d) {
  writeRegister16inline(a, d);
}
#endif

#ifndef writeRegisterPair
void Adafruit_TFTLCD::writeRegisterPair(uint8_t aH, uint8_t aL, uint16_t d) {
  writeRegisterPairInline(aH, aL, d);
}
#endif