Hygiene

The most important thing to do after landing is build a latrine, a water tub, and a primitive well to fill the tub if you don't have ponds or rivers, they will wash with the water tub but this will quickly become dirty and need filling with fresh water from the primitive well or surface water, and the latrine will need to be emptied and the waste dumped or burned in a burn pit, after that everything is optional and just makes life easier for colonists.

Whats the minimum that i need for pawns to be happy?

You only need a latrine, and a water tub for them to wash with. The latrine will need to be emptied and the waste dumped or burned in a burn pit, the wash tub will need to be filled with water from a primitive well, or ponds, or rivers.

How do i set up a full sanitation system?

For flushing toilets and latrines you need a piped well to access ground water (not primitive), a water tower to store water (not hot water tank), a pump to pump water from the well to the tower (wind pump only works when windy), and a sewage outlet to dump the waste into a river pond or just on the ground.

For showers and baths you need the same water system, but a sewage outlet is not required, and to provide hot running water you need a hot water tank, and 1 of the types of boiler to heat the hot water tank, or if you are low tech and using baths you can heat it by placing a camp fire in an adjacent cell.

What does bad hygiene do and how do i fix it?

Bad hygiene means pawns haven't washed in a while, it reduces their social stats and makes them more likely to contract diseases, simply give them something to wash with like a water tub, sink, pond, river, showers, baths, or if they are stuck in a hospital bed doctors can clean them by hand.

My fixtures have a flashing broken pipe icon. Whats wrong?

Check that they have a piped connection to the required buildings, showers and baths need a water tower, toilets need a water tower and sewage outlet\septic tank\water treatment plant, and radiators need a boiler. There's also a blocked drain mechanic where a cleaner needs to go and plunge the drain to clear it, it will read blocked in the inspect tab if that's the case, this can also happen to sewage outlets if too much sewage has filled the cells around it and its blocked the flow, use the remove sewage designator to clear it and place more sewage outlets or septic tanks to handle the load.

My pawns, are getting sick after using a toilet! Help.

Using a toilet, or walking through sewage can contaminate a colonist. If the colonist then doesn't wash within a couple of days they can contract diseases like diarrhea and cholera. If there is a nearby basin or water tub then they will automatically wash their hands after using the toilet, and make sure they have enough facilities to wash daily. Washing hands\taking a shower removes contamination completely and also removes any carried dirt. Being contaminated also increases chance for food poisoning so make sure your cooks are washing their hands after using the loo.

Why are my colonists urinating on the floor around the toilet and not in the toilet?

They are drunk.

My water towers get contaminated during a toxic fallout! How can i stop it?

Water actually gets contaminated based on how clean the area where your water well building is placed. Toxic fallout and presence of sewage inside well's range can cause water contamination, as can also just a random event. You can drain water tower to clean it up and fill it again if it was a result of random event. But you will need to either research and construct Deep Water Wells to avoid surface water contamination via sewage\toxic fallout, or to construct and connect a filtration unit to your pipe grid. You only need one of those to completely eliminate water contamination problem.

Are there any water/sewage pipes we can build underground?

You don't need a specific building for it. There is a mod option, that toggles how pipes are shown. You can make them always show, hide under floors with a nice "pipe-to-ground" graphic or completely hide them away. If you use Dub's Paint Shop mod, you can also paint pipes to look fitting for a small city.