quiz.js

/* Javascript to run the Rio 2.0 Questionnaire
* Written by dh4gan (01-Aug-2017)
* Runs the quiz, and records all answers along with Q, J, delta and R
*/


// Variables to hold the question data //
var questionset;
var currentQuestions;
var answers;
var nQ;
var qID;

var questionsets = ["Q", "A", "B","C"]


// Q question variables
var Q_questions = [{
                   text:"Q1) What is the estimated distance to the signal?",
                   choices: ["Less than a light-day (i.e. in the Solar System)",
                             "Light-days to light-years (i.e. about as close as the nearest star)",
                             "Light-years to tens of light-years",
                             "Hundreds to thousands of light-years to millennia (in the Galaxy)",
                             "Longer/unknown"],
                   values: [4, 3, 2, 1,0],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:""
    },
                   
                   {
                   text: "Q2) What are the prospects for communication with the source of the signal?",
                   choices: ["We are in active two way communication",
                             "We could respond using the same medium/encoding as the signal in the near future",
                             "We can understand the signal or we have artifacts we can study",
                             "No communication is taking place"],
                   values: [4,3,2,1],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:""
                   },
                   {
                   text: "Q3) Is the sender aware of humanity and its technology?",
                   choices:["Yes, certainly—the signal is intended for us, specifically",
                            "Possibly, but there is little or no evidence for this",
                            "Almost certainly not (e.g. they are too far away)",
                            "Senders are apparently extinct"],
                   values:[2,1,0,-1],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:""
		   }];


var Q_answers = [0,0,0];
var Q_total = 0.0;

var Q_dictionary = {
    3:"Philosophically ground-breaking, but of limited immediate scientific impact. The prospects for understanding ETIs remain unclear.",
    5:"Scientifically revolutionary, but of no everyday consequence. Prospects for understanding ETIs remain decades in the future.",
    7:"SETI becomes the study of ETI. There are good prospects for near-future, limited understanding of ETI.",
    9:"the making of an epoch; the future direction of humanity is changed.",
    10:"Revolutionary. Everyday life on Earth will change forever."
}
    
    
    Q_dictionary[0] = Q_dictionary[3];
Q_dictionary[1] = Q_dictionary[3];
Q_dictionary[2] = Q_dictionary[3];
Q_dictionary[4] = Q_dictionary[5];
Q_dictionary[6] = Q_dictionary[7];
Q_dictionary[8] = Q_dictionary[9];

// delta question variables

// A first

var A_questions = [{
                   text: "A1) Is there significant uncertainty about whether the phenomenon occurred/occurs at all?",
                   choices: ["yes","no"],
                   values: [6,7],
                   skipvalue:[6],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:"Examples of significant uncertainty: <br>reports of sighting of a UFO or aliens, <br>interpretation of ancient art, <br>telescopic data from amateurs, <br>interpreting other people’s data with little or no documentation or metadata"
    },
                   {
                   text:"A2) How amenable to study is the phenomenon? Award up to 3 points based on the repeatability of the phenomenon. <br><br>&nbsp0: The phenomenon has been observed exactly once, <br>&nbsp1: The phenomenon has been observed a small but plural number times, either as multiple targets showing similar phenomena, or a single target showing multiple similar events. <br>&nbsp2: The phenomenon has been been confirmed to be real and repeated, for instance by multiple groups using a single instrument to observe the phenomenon or by an additional observation with a different instrument or from a different site. <br>&nbsp3: The phenomenon is observed routinely by different groups using different equipment.",
                   minimum:0,
                   maximum:3,
                   qtype:"textbox",
		   explainertext:""
                   },
                   {
                   text:"A3) Is the discoverer of phenomenon the same person/group that predicted that such a phenomenon would indicate the presence of alien intelligence?",
                   choices:["yes, the claimants predicted this 'discovery'","no, the claimants have identified a new phenomenon, or one predicted by others"],
                   values:[-1,0],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:"(People are natural wishful thinkers, and often see what they want to see, so it gives extra credibility to a claim if the groups doing the prediction and those doing the discovery are not the same)"
                   }];
var A_answers = [0,0,0];
var A_total = 0.0;


// Now B

var B_questions = [{
                   text:"B1) Does the phenomenon look like a known instrumental or psychological effect?",
                   choices:["yes", "no"],
                   values:[0,7],
                   skipvalue:[0],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:"Examples of known instrumental effects:<br> DC channel in a filterbank file, cosmic rays in spectra, lens flare in photograph, other known sources of noise / bad data<br><br>Examples of known psychological effects: Reports of alien abduction, UFO sightings; subjective, qualitative interpretations of apparent correlations in noisy data."
                   },
                   {
                   text:"B2) What chances do the instrument builders / experts in the method / observers of the phenomenon give that the signal is not instrumental? Award between 0-3 points:<br><br>&nbsp0: These experts have not weighed in at all<br>&nbsp1: These experts give roughly 90% chance that it is instrumental (i.e. 10% chance it is real)<br>&nbsp2: These experts give a 50% chance that it is instrumental<br>&nbsp3: These experts give a less than 10% chance that it is instrumental",
                   minimum:0,
                   maximum:3,
                   qtype:"textbox",
		   explainertext:""
                   }]

var B_answers = [0,0];
var B_total = 0.0;


// Finally C

var C_questions = [{
                   text:"C1) Is there good reason to think the phenomenon is a hoax?",
                   choices:["yes","no"],
                   values:[0,1],
                   skipvalue:[0],
                   qtype:"multichoice",
		   explainertext:"",
                   },
                   {
                   text: "C2) How does a wide community of experts assess the probability that there any known sources of natural or anthropogenic signal that could explain the phenomenon? Award between 0-9 points<br><br>&nbsp0 points: A wide range of experts agree that the signal is clearly natural/anthropogenic, or said experts have not been consulted<br>&nbsp1 point: It is consistent with a common phenomenon<br>&nbsp3 points: It is consistent only with rare or poorly-understood phenomena<br>&nbsp6 points: It is not consistent with any known natural or anthropogenic phenomena (but unknown natural/anthropogenic phenomena could be the cause)<br>&nbsp8 points: Only extraterrestrial, artificial explanations make sense (all natural and anthropogenic explanations have been ruled out).<br>&nbsp9 points: The phenomenon contains information content of clearly intelligent design (i.e. it contains a message; or is an obviously artificial and alien artifact available for close (perhaps robotic) inspection).",
                   minimum:0,
                   maximum:9,
                   qtype:"textbox",
		   explainertext:"(Examples of anthropogenic signals: terrestrial radio frequency interference (RFI), terrestrial laser communications, experimental aircraft for well-documented UFO sightings)"
                   }];
var C_answers = [0,0];
var C_total = 0.0;




// Dictionary for J

var J_dictionary = {
    0: "No interest warranted",
    1: "SETI interest potentially warranted; no press interest warranted",
    2: "SETI interest potentially warranted; no press interest warranted",
    3: "SETI interest potentially warranted; no press interest warranted",
    4: "SETI interest potentially warranted; no press interest warranted",
    5: "SETI interest probably warranted; technical popular press interest potentially warranted",
    6: "SETI interest probably warranted; technical popular press interest potentially warranted",
    7: "SETI interest definitely warranted; technical popular press interest probably warranted; possible off-beat news item for general press, if expressed with appropriate caveats. If not aliens, still very interesting",
    8: "SETI interest definitely warranted; technical popular press interest probably warranted; possible off-beat news item for general press, if expressed with appropriate caveats. If not aliens, still very interesting",
    9: "Significant mainstream press interest warranted, heavy coverage by technical popular press. Broad agreement that the signal could be due to aliens",
    10: "Aliens. Front page of every major newspaper."
}


var R_dictionary = {
    10: "Extraordinary",
    9:  "Outstanding",
    8:  "Far-reaching",
    7:  "High",
    6:  "Noteworthy",
    5:  "Intermediate",
    4:  "Moderate",
    3:  "Minor",
    2:  "Low",
    1:  "Insignificant",
    0:  "Nil"
}


// Function that drives the quiz


startQuiz();



/*
 *
 * Function definitions
 *
 */


function startQuiz() {
    /*
     * Begins the quiz
     */
    
    questionset= "Q";
    askQuestionSet();
}


function askQuestionSet() {
    /*
     * Decides which question set is next, and asks the first question
     */
    console.log("Asking all " +questionset+ " questions");
    
    
    
    switch(questionset){
	
    case "Q":
	currentQuestions = Q_questions;
	answers = Q_answers;
	break;
        
    case "A":
	currentQuestions = A_questions;
	answers = A_answers;
	break;
        
    case "B":
	currentQuestions = B_questions;
	answers = B_answers;
	break;
        
    case "C":
	currentQuestions = C_questions;
	answers = C_answers;
	break;
    default:
	document.getElementById("confirm").innerHTML = "Error: question set not found";
	return;
    }
    
    qID = 0;
    nQ = currentQuestions.length;
    askQuestion(currentQuestions);
}


function askQuestion() {
    /*
     * Asks a question - decides which type to ask
     */
    
    question = currentQuestions[qID];
    // Clear previous question
    clearBox("answersbox");
    
    // Set new question text
    document.getElementById("ask").innerHTML = question.text;
    
    // Get either radio buttons for multiple choice or text box
    if (question.qtype=='multichoice')
	{
	    askMultiChoice(question);
	}
    
    else if (question.qtype =='textbox')
	{
	    askTextBox(question);
	}

    document.getElementById("explainbox").innerHTML = question.explainertext;
    
}


function askMultiChoice(question){
    /*
     * sets up a multiple choice question
     */
    
    // Create radio buttons for possible choices
    for (i=0; i< question.choices.length; i++){
	
	
	var choiceLabel = document.createElement('label');
	choiceLabel.setAttribute('name', 'label'+String(i+1));
	var choiceRadioButton = document.createElement('input');
	var choiceString = 'multichoice';
	
	choiceRadioButton.setAttribute('type', 'radio');
	choiceRadioButton.setAttribute('name', choiceString);
	
	choiceLabel.appendChild(choiceRadioButton);
	choiceLabel.appendChild(document.createTextNode(question.choices[i]));
	choiceLabel.appendChild(document.createElement('br'));
	
	document.getElementById("answersbox").appendChild(choiceLabel);
    }
}

function askTextBox(question){
    /*
     * Sets up a question with a text box for answering
     */
    
    // Create text box for answer
    var choiceLabel = document.createElement('label');
    var textBox = document.createElement('input');
    
    var boxString = "tbox";
    textBox.setAttribute('type', 'text');
    textBox.setAttribute('name', boxString);
    textBox.setAttribute('id',boxString);
    textBox.setAttribute('value', 0);
    
    document.getElementById("answersbox").appendChild(textBox);
}


function getQuestionAnswer(){
    /*
     * Interrogates page for question answer
     * Either sets up next question
     * Or calculates total from this question set
     */
    
    document.getElementById("confirm").innerHTML = "";
    currentQuestion = currentQuestions[qID];
    
    
    console.log("getting question answer");
    
    qtype = currentQuestion.qtype;
    choice = -1;
    
    
    // If question multichoice, then obtain which radio button was ticked
    if(qtype=="multichoice")
	{
	    nchoices = currentQuestion.choices.length;
	    var buttonList = document.getElementsByName("multichoice");
	    choice = -10;
	    for (i=0; i < nchoices; i++)
		{
		    
		    var ischecked = buttonList[i].checked;
		    if(ischecked) choice = i;
		}
	    
        updateLog(choice,qtype);
        
	    if(choice==-10)
		{
		    document.getElementById("confirm").innerHTML = "Please select an option before continuing"
			return;
		}
	    answers[qID] = currentQuestion.values[choice];
	}
    
    // Else if question textbox, obtain value from textbox and check it for veracity
    else if(qtype=="textbox")
	{
	    try
		{
		    answers[qID] = Number(document.getElementById("tbox").value);// Get value of textbox
		    
		    if (isNaN(answers[qID])) throw "Not a valid number - try again";
		    if (answers[qID]<currentQuestion.minimum) throw "Number too low - try again";
		    if (answers[qID]>currentQuestion.maximum) throw "Number too high - try again"
														}
	    catch(err)
		{
		    if(err!="TypeError")
			{
			    document.getElementById("confirm").innerHTML = err;
			    return;
			}
		}
        
        updateLog(answers[qID],qtype);
	    
	}
    
    
    
    console.log("Answer is "+answers[qID]);
    
    // Check to see if answer demands we skip the rest of the question set
    if(answers[qID]==currentQuestion.skipvalue)
	{
	    // If we're skipping
	    document.getElementById("confirm").innerHTML = "Previous answer resulted in skipping questions";
	    qID =nQ;
	}
    else
	{
	    
	    // If not, update the question ID
	    qID++;
	}
    
    
    // If we haven't run out of questions, ask the next one
    if(qID <nQ)
	{
	    askQuestion();
	    
	    // Otherwise, calculate the total from this section and move on
	}
    
    else
	{
	    console.log("We have asked all the questions in this section");
	    calculateTotal();
	    
	}
    
}


function goBack()
{
    /*
     * Goes back a question
     */


    // Don't go back if we're at the first question

    if (qID==0){
	return;
    }
    
    // Set question ID back one

    qID--;

    // Delete current answer value
    answers[qID]=0.0;

    
    // Remove previous line from the answer log

    // Split log text by carriage returns
    var logtext = document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML;
    var loglines = logtext.split('<br><br>');

    // Find index of line to delete and delete it
    var delIndex = loglines.length-2;
    
    loglines[delIndex] = "";


    // Rewrite the log
    document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML = "";

    for (i=0; i<loglines.length; i++)
    {
	if(loglines[i]!="")
	{
	    document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML = document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML + loglines[i] + "<br><br>";
	}
    }

    // Ask this question
    askQuestion(qID);

}


function updateLog(choice,qtype){
    
    /*
     * Updates the answer log with the selected answer and its value
     */
    
    var qtext = currentQuestion.text.split("<br>")[0];
    
    if (qtype=="multichoice")
    {
        
        document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML = document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML + qtext+"&nbsp &nbsp"+currentQuestion.choices[choice]+"  ("+currentQuestion.values[choice]+")<br><br>" ;
    }
    else if(qtype="textbox")
    {
        document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML = document.getElementById("logbox").innerHTML + qtext+"&nbsp &nbsp("+choice+")<br><br>";
    }
}


function calculateTotal(){
    /*
     * Calculates the total from this question set
     * Asks the next set of questions
     */
    
    
    var total = 0;
    
    for (i=0; i<answers.length; i++)
	{
	    total = total+answers[i];
	}
    console.log("Total is ",total);
    
    if(questionset=="Q")
	{
	    console.log("Q questions answered");
	    questionset = "A";
	    Q_total = total;
        if(Q_total < 0.0)
        {
            Q_total = 0.0;
        }
	    
	    // Update header to show new question set
	    
	    document.getElementById("quizname").innerHTML = "Questions to determine &#948";
	    document.getElementById("quizsub").innerHTML = "Section A) How real and amenable to study is the phenomenon?";
	    askQuestionSet();
	    
	}
    
    else if(questionset=="A")
	{
	    console.log("A questions answered");
	    questionset="B";
	    A_total = total;
	    
	    // Update header to show new question set
	    
	    document.getElementById("quizsub").innerHTML = "Section B) How certain are we that the phenomenon is not instrumental?";
	    
	    askQuestionSet();
	    
	}
    
    else if(questionset=="B")
	{
	    console.log("B questions answered");
	    questionset="C";
	    B_total = total;
	    
	    // Update header to show new question set
	    
	    document.getElementById("quizsub").innerHTML = "Section C) How certain are we that the phenomenon is not natural or anthropogenic?";
	    
	    askQuestionSet();
	}
    
    else if(questionset=="C")
	{
	    C_total = total;
	    // If this is the end of the quiz, delete quiz elements and calculate final scores
	    
	    console.log("Quiz complete");
	    
	    clearBox("ask");
	    clearBox("confirm");
	    clearBox("answersbox");
	    clearBox("quizsub");
	    clearBox("explainbox");
	    
	    document.getElementById("submitbutton").style.visibility = "hidden";
	    document.getElementById("quizname").innerHTML = "Quiz complete ("+Date()+")";
	    
	    finalAnswer();
	    
	}
    
}


function finalAnswer(){
    /*
     * Returns the final Rio score
     */
    
    
    console.log("A="+A_total);
    console.log("B="+B_total);
    console.log("C="+C_total);
    
    var J=0.0;
    // J only non-zero if not a hoax (C>0)
    if(C_total > 1.0e-10) J = A_total + B_total +C_total - 20.0;
    
    if(J<0.0) J=0.0;
    console.log("J="+J);
    
    var delta = Math.pow(10.0, (J-10.0)/2.0);
    
    var prob_A = 100.0*Math.pow(10.0, (A_total-10.0)/2.0);
    var prob_B = 100.0*Math.pow(10.0, (B_total-10.0)/2.0);
    var prob_C = 100.0* Math.pow(10.0, (C_total-10.0)/2.0);
    
    var Rio = Q_total*delta;
    
    // Get explainer text for Q

    var Q_explainer = Q_dictionary[Math.round(Q_total)];
    var J_explainer = J_dictionary[Math.round(J)];

    var A_explainer = "Chance phenomenon is real is "+getChance(prob_A);
    var B_explainer = "Chance phenomenon is not instrumental/psychological is "+getChance(prob_B);
    var C_explainer = "Chance phenomenon is not natural/anthropogenic is "+getChance(prob_C);
    var R_explainer = R_dictionary[Math.round(Rio)]

    
    document.getElementById("spaces").innerHTML = "";
    document.getElementById("buttonarray").innerHTML = "";
    document.getElementById("answersbox").innerHTML = "";
    document.getElementById("ask").innerHTML = "";
    document.getElementById("quizsub").innerHTML = "";
    
    document.getElementById("resultheader").style.visibility = "visible";
    document.getElementById("Qbox").innerHTML = "(Q = "+Q_total+"): <b>If signal is from extraterrestrial intelligence</b>...<br>"+Q_explainer;
    document.getElementById("Abox").innerHTML = "(A = "+A_total+"): "+A_explainer;
    document.getElementById("Bbox").innerHTML = "(B = "+B_total+"): "+B_explainer;
    document.getElementById("Cbox").innerHTML = "(C = "+C_total+"): "+C_explainer;
    document.getElementById("Jbox").innerHTML = "(J = "+J+"): "+J_explainer;
    document.getElementById("deltabox").innerHTML = "&#948 = "+delta.toPrecision(1);
    document.getElementById("Rbox").innerHTML = "Rio Score: R = Q x &#948 =  "+Math.round(Rio,3)+"<br>Rating: "+R_explainer;
    
    
    // Show buttons to print results, refresh quiz
    
    document.getElementById("printbutton").style.visibility="visible";
    document.getElementById("refreshlower").style.visibility="visible";
    
    
}

function clearBox(elementID)
{ 
    // Simple helper function to empty HTML elements
    document.getElementById(elementID).innerHTML = "";
}

function getChance(prob)
{
    var chance = "";
	if (prob<10.0)
	    {
		chance = "very low";
	    }
	
	else if (prob>=10.0 && prob<30.0)
	    {
		chance = "low";
	    }
	else if (prob>=30.0 && prob<50.0)
	    {
		chance = "moderate";
	    }
	else if (prob>=50.0 && prob<70.0)
	    {
	    chance = "high";
	    }
	else
	    {
	    chance =  "very high";
	    }

    return chance;
}