📊 Power BI Interview Questions & Answers

[hirenpatel1903]

📊 Power BI Interview Questions & Answers

📌 Introduction to Power BI

Power BI is a powerful business analytics tool developed by Microsoft that enables users to visualize data and share insights across an organization. It is a Self-Service Business Intelligence (SSBI) tool, allowing even non-technical users to build interactive reports and dashboards without coding knowledge.

Power BI integrates seamlessly with Microsoft services and supports robust data visualization capabilities. Due to its ease of use and enterprise-level features, Power BI has become one of the most in-demand tools in Data Analytics and Business Intelligence.

This repository contains 100 carefully structured Power BI Interview Questions & Answers, categorized by difficulty level to help you prepare efficiently.

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🟢 Beginner Level Questions (1–21)

1. What is Power BI?
2. What are the main components of Power BI?
3. How do you connect to data in Power BI?
4. What is Power Query?
5. What are the different views in Power BI Desktop?
6. How do you publish a report?
7. What are filters?
8. What is a calculated column?
9. What is a measure?
10. What data sources can Power BI connect to?
11. What is a fact table?
12. What is a dimension table?
13. How do you create relationships?
14. What is DAX?
15. What is M language?
16. What is a dashboard?
17. What are tiles?
18. Difference between report and dashboard?
19. What are slicers?
20. What are bookmarks?
21. What is drill-down?

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1️⃣ What is Power BI?

Power BI is a Microsoft business intelligence tool used to create interactive visualizations and reports.
It allows users to:

• Connect to multiple data sources
• Transform and clean data
• Create interactive dashboards
• Share insights across teams

Main Components:

• Power BI Desktop
• Power BI Service
• Power BI Mobile

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2️⃣ What are the main components of Power BI?

Component	Description
Power BI Desktop	Windows application for building reports
Power BI Service	Cloud-based sharing platform
Power BI Mobile	Mobile app for report access
Power BI Gateway	Connects on-prem data to cloud
Power BI Report Server	On-premises report hosting
Power BI Report Builder	Creates paginated reports
Power BI Embedded	Embeds reports into applications

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3️⃣ How do you connect to data in Power BI?

You can use the Get Data feature in Power BI Desktop.

Power BI supports:

• Excel
• SQL Server
• SharePoint
• Web APIs
• Cloud databases
• Flat files (CSV, JSON, XML)

You can:

• Load data directly
• Transform data using Power Query

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4️⃣ What is Power Query?

Power Query is used for data transformation before loading it into Power BI.

It allows you to:

• Clean data
• Merge and append tables
• Remove duplicates
• Filter rows
• Add custom columns

Power Query uses the M Language.

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5️⃣ What are the different views in Power BI Desktop?

View	Purpose
Report View	Create visuals and dashboards
Data View	Inspect and modify table data
Model View	Manage table relationships
DAX Query View	Test DAX queries

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6️⃣ How do you publish a report in Power BI?

Steps:

1. Save the report in Power BI Desktop
2. Click Publish
3. Sign in to Power BI account
4. Select a workspace

After publishing, you can:

• Share reports
• Set scheduled refresh
• Manage permissions

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7️⃣ What are Filters in Power BI?

Filters help narrow down displayed data.

Types of filters:

• Visual-level Filters
• Page-level Filters
• Report-level Filters
• Drillthrough Filters

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8️⃣ What is a Calculated Column?

A calculated column:

• Is created using DAX
• Works row by row
• Gets stored in the data model

Used for classifications and additional logic.

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9️⃣ What is a Measure?

A measure:

• Uses DAX
• Is calculated dynamically
• Responds to filter context
• Is not stored physically

Examples:

• Total Sales
• Average Revenue
• Profit %

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🔟 Types of Data Sources in Power BI

Power BI supports:

• Excel
• SQL Server
• Azure
• SharePoint
• MySQL
• Oracle
• PostgreSQL
• Salesforce
• Google Analytics
• Web APIs
• CSV / JSON / XML
• Microsoft Fabric / OneLake

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11️⃣ What is a Fact Table and Dimension Table?

Fact Table

Contains measurable data:

• Sales
• Revenue
• Quantity

Dimension Table

Contains descriptive attributes:

• Product Name
• Customer Region
• Date

Fact tables store numbers.
Dimension tables provide context.

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12️⃣ Rules for Dimension Tables

• Must have a unique key
• Include descriptive attributes
• Maintain proper granularity
• Use hierarchies (Year > Month > Day)
• Prefer denormalization

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13️⃣ How to Connect Fact & Dimension Tables?

In Model View:

• Drag common key column
• Create relationship
• Ensure correct cardinality

This enables accurate reporting.

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14️⃣ Languages Used in Power BI

Language	Usage
M Language	Data transformation (Power Query)
DAX	Calculations and aggregations

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15️⃣ Easiest Navigation Method in Power BI

Use:

• Bookmarks
• Page Navigator
• Bookmark Navigator
• Back buttons

Improves user experience.

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🟡 Intermediate Level Questions

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16️⃣ What is a Dashboard in Power BI?

A dashboard:

• Is a single-page canvas
• Created in Power BI Service
• Displays KPIs and summaries
• Combines visuals from multiple reports

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17️⃣ What are Tiles?

Tiles are individual visuals pinned to a dashboard.

Each tile represents:

• Chart
• Graph
• KPI
• Map

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18️⃣ Difference Between Report & Dashboard

Report	Dashboard
Multi-page	Single page
Created in Desktop	Created in Service
Detailed analysis	Summary view
Interactive visuals	Pinned tiles

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19️⃣ What are Slicers?

Slicers are interactive visual filters that allow users to filter report data dynamically.

They can appear as:

• Dropdown
• List
• Buttons

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20️⃣ What are Bookmarks?

Bookmarks:

• Capture report state
• Save filter selections
• Enable navigation
• Help in storytelling

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21️⃣ What is Drill-Down?

Drill-down allows users to explore hierarchical data.

Example:

• Year → Quarter → Month → Day

It enables deeper data analysis directly within visuals.

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🚀 More Questions Coming Soon...

This repository will include:

• Advanced DAX Interview Questions
• Scenario-Based Questions
• Real-World Modeling Questions
• Performance Optimization
• Security & Row-Level Security
• Power BI Service Administration

Stay tuned for the complete 100 Questions list.

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