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Nginx 日志 log_format

1.Nginx 日志类型

error.log

所有错误的http状态和服务的错误信息

access_log

Nginx 每一次请求的访问状态

log_format 配置语法

Syntax:	access_log path [format [buffer=size] [gzip[=level]] [flush=time] [if=condition]];
access_log off;
Default:	
access_log logs/access.log combined;
Context:	http, server, location, if in location, limit_except

Syntax 配置语法 Context 只的是配置在哪个模块下面

示例

#user liujunbin staff ;
worker_processes  8;

//这里配置 err_log
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;



events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        //这些是默认的配置
        //$remote_addr 客户端地址
        //$remote_user 客户端的认证的用户名， 默认不开启
        //$time_local nginx 的时间
        //$request 表示http 的请求头
        //$status 表示response 返回的状态
        //$body_bytes_sent reponse 响应的大小
        //$http_referer 表示 refer 来源 
        //$http_user_agent 标准的http 头信息， 表示客户端的访问工具
        //$http_x_forwarded_for 记录每一级用户http 请求携带的http 信息
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        //main 表示以main的格式记录
        access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
    
        #keepalive_timeout  0;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
    }

nginx -V

nginx version: nginx/1.8.0
built by clang 6.1.0 (clang-602.0.49) (based on LLVM 3.6.0svn)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2a 19 Mar 2015 (running with OpenSSL 1.0.2n  7 Dec 2017)
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.8.0 --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-ipv6 --sbin-path=/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.8.0/bin/nginx --with-cc-opt='-I/usr/local/Cellar/pcre/8.36/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2a-1/include' --with-ld-opt='-L/usr/local/Cellar/pcre/8.36/lib -L/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2a-1/lib' --conf-path=/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx/client_body_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/usr/local/var/run/nginx/scgi_temp --http-log-path=/usr/local/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/usr/local/var/log/nginx/error.log --with-http_gzip_static_module

tail -f /usr/local/var/log/nginx/access.log

192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /myrzx/img/home_img2.png HTTP/1.1" 200 1273 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/tuwen" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /myrzx/img/info_class_fixed.png HTTP/1.1" 200 34842 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/tuwen" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /myrzx/img/myrzx-logo.png HTTP/1.1" 200 57907 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/tuwen" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /myrzx/img/tuwen_menu.png HTTP/1.1" 200 98696 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/tuwen" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /myrzx/img/stack_chickena.png HTTP/1.1" 200 4464 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/tuwen" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /img/erweima.png HTTP/1.1" 404 570 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/main.e336e22ec5a351a2920c.css" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.102 - - [15/Apr/2018:07:52:38 +0800] "GET /assets/img/tuwen_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 2149150 "http://192.168.0.102:8091/myrzx/main.e336e22ec5a351a2920c.css" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"

log_format是按照 不同的变量组合， nginx 变量有哪些？

nginx 变量主要分为 HTTP 请求变量， 内置变量 ， 自定义变量

1.HTTP 请求变量

arg_PARAMETER
http_HEADER sent_http_HEADER

例如

request Header

比如最后1个，在日志请求中就写 以$调用, 大写全变小写，- 改成 _

log_format main_test '$http_user_agent'

2.Nginx 内置变量

  官网地址
  http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#var_status