-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathindex.html
389 lines (331 loc) · 14.4 KB
/
index.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<title>Barbosa2023_Game</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/reset.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/theme/simple.css">
<!-- Theme used for syntax highlighted code -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="plugin/highlight/monokai.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="my.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section>
<header style="text-align:center; border: 0px solid black">
<div class="column", style="text-align: center; width: 24%;">
<img src="imgs/tuda_logo.svg" height="100" width="80%" >
</div>
<div class="column" , style="width: 50%;">
<div class = "small-text", style="color: rgb(145, 145, 145) ;" >
9th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems
<br>
12-13 September 2023
<br>
Copenhagen, Denmark
<br>
#SESAAU2023
</div>
</div>
<div class="column"; style="width: 24%;">
<img src="imgs/logos/bmwk_logo_de.svg" height="120" >
</div>
</header>
<br>
<br>
<hTitle>Game-Theoretic Analysis of
Suppliers'
<br>
Market Power in
<br>
Local Multi-Energy Markets</hTitle>
<hNameBox> <strong> Júlia Barbosa</strong>, Florian Döllinger, Florian Steinke</hNameBox>
<div>
<img src="imgs/logos/slides.svg" height="100">
</div>
</section>
<section>
<hTitle>Introduction</hTitle>
<section>
<p>
<b>Local Energy Markets</b> (LEMs) are a promising approach to integrating renewable energy resources:
</p>
<ul data-fragment-index="0" style="font-size: 14pt;text-align: left; align-items: left; width: 80%;">
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">Electricity LEMs help alleviating grid bottlenecks [1] </li>
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">LEMs reduce entry barriers for small players [2]</li>
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="3">LEMs mitigate social resistance to new renewable energy projects closeby [3]</li>
</ul>
<div class ="r-stack" style="border: 0pt solid black; height: 300px;">
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-out cropped-image-clip-polygon" data-fragment-index="4" data-src="imgs/intro_partI.png">
<img class="fragment cropped-image-clip-polygon" data-fragment-index="5" src="imgs/intro_partII.png">
</div>
<div>
<p class="fragment" data-fragment-index="4">
<b>Thermo-electric </b> LEM.
</p>
</div>
<aside class="footnotes fragment" data-fragment-index="0">
<div class ="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">
[1] Dudjak et al. (2021) Impact of local energy markets integration in power systems layer: A comprehensive review. Applied Energy.
</div>
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
[2] Klement et al. (2022) Local Energy Markets in Action: Smart Integration of National Markets, Distributed Energy Resources and Incentivisation to Promote Citizen Participation. Energies.
</div>
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="3">
[3] Hvelplund et al. (2006) Renewable energy and the need for local energy markets. Energy.
</div>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<p class="l">
Thermal-Electric LEM Design studies often solve the market clearing as a <b>social-welfare maximization</b> ([4-5])
</p>
<p class="l fragment">
The perfect competition assumption is questionable:
</p>
<ul style="font-size: 14pt;align-items: left; width: 90%;">
<li class="fragment">Small number of agents</li>
<li class="fragment">Much larger electricity market already suffered from market power abuse (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000%E2%80%9301_California_electricity_crisis">California energy crisis 2000</a>)</li>
</ul>
<p class="l fragment">
Which leads to the question:
</p>
<h7 class="fragment"
style="text-align: center; border: 2px solid black; padding: 20px; background-color: #90a2cf ; font-size: xx-large; margin: 50px 0px 50px 0px;">
How does imperfect competition affect thermo-electric LEMs and how it may be mitigated?
</h7>
<aside class="footnotes">
[4] Brolin et al. (2020) Design of a local energy market with multiple energy carriers. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems.
<br>
[5] Huynh et al. (2022) Local energy markets for thermal-electric energy systems considering energy carrier dependency and energy storage systems. Smart Energy.
</aside>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<htitle>Methodology</htitle>
<section>
<hsTitle>Energy consumption model</hsTitle>
<p class ="l">
Consumers are assumed price-takers with a quadratic utility function.
</p>
<hstitle class="fragment" data-fragment-index="0" style="border:0px solid black; margin:0px">
Supplier Agent Model</hstitle>
<doublecolslide style="margin: 0px; border: 0px solid black;padding: 0px;">
<div class="c1">
<p class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">
<b>Generation: </b>Supply of a commodity from some energy form for which no LEM exists.
</p>
<p class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
<b>Storage:</b> Storage energy and retrieving at a later time.
</p>
<p class="fragment" data-fragment-index="3">
<b>Conversion</b> The transformation between two energy commodities for which a LEM exists.
</p>
<div width="100%" style="align-items: center;">
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="4" src="imgs/chp.svg" width="12%" >
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="5" src="imgs/battery.svg" width="12%" >
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="6" src="imgs/hp.svg" width="12%" >
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="7" src="imgs/hob.svg" width="12%" >
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="7" src="imgs/gasPP.svg" width="12%" >
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="7" src="imgs/hs.svg" width="12%" >
<img class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="7" src="imgs/pv.svg" width="12%" >
</div>
<!--
<p class="fragment" data-fragment-index="4">
<b>Internal Energy Balance:</b>
<div class="fragment"
data-fragment-index="4"
style="font-size: 10.5pt;">
\[ P^{M}_{a,c,t} = \; P^{G}_{a,c,t} + P^{S,C}_{a,c,t} - P^{S,D}_{a,c,t}
+\sum_{p(a,c,co)}P^{T,out}_{p,t} - \sum_{p(a, c, co)}P^{T,in}_{p,t} \]
</div>
</p>
-->
</div>
<div class="c1 r-stack">
<img class="fragment"
data-fragment-index="0" src="imgs/gam/GAM_Empty.svg" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1" src="imgs/gam/GAM_GEN.svg" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2" src="imgs/gam/GAM_STR.svg" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" data-fragment-index="3" src="imgs/gam/GAM.svg" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/gam/CHP.svg" data-fragment-index="4" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/gam/BATTERY.svg" data-fragment-index="5" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/gam/HP.svg" data-fragment-index="6" width="100%" >
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/gam/GAM.svg" data-fragment-index="8" width="100%" >
</div>
</doublecolslide>
</section>
<section>
<doublecolslide>
<div class="c1"; style="width: 60%;">
<hstitle>Perfect Competition </hstitle>
<p> All agents are price-takers and the market outcome maximizes the social welfare. </p>
</div>
<div class="c1"; style="align-items: right;">
<img src="imgs/op/qp.svg" width="65%" style="border: 0pt solid black;padding: 80px 0px 0px 10px;" >
</div>
</doublecolslide>
<hstitle class="fragment"
data-fragment-index="1"> Oligopolistic Competition </hstitle>
<p class="l fragment"
data-fragment-index="1"> Suppliers are profit maximizer strategic players</p>
<div class="r-stack">
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/op/MCP_1.svg" width="60%">
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/op/MCP_2.svg" width="60%">
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/op/MCP_3.svg" width="60%">
<img class="fragment" src="imgs/op/MCP_4.svg" width="60%">
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<htitle>Results: <br> Perfect vs Imperfect Competition </htitle>
<p>
Repeatedly increased the number of agents of a type, without increasing the total capacity of the type.
</p>
<doublecolslide>
<div class="r-stack c1" width="70%" >
<img src="imgs/res/c_1_wotext.svg" class="fragment fade-in-then-out"
data-fragment-index="0"
width="100%" style="border: 0pt solid black;" >
<img src="imgs/res/c_2_wotext.svg" class="fragment fade-in-then-out"
data-fragment-index="1"
width="100%">
<img src="imgs/res/c_3_wotext.svg" data-fragment-index="2" class="fragment fade-in-then-out" width="100%">
<img src="imgs/res/converge.svg" class="fragment fade-in" width="100%">
</div>
<div class="c1" width="20%">
<ul style="font-size: 14pt;">
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="0">
Reduction of consumer surplus in oligopolistic competition.
</li>
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">
Market power reduces as the number of agents increases.
</li>
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
Producer surplus significantly increases with oligopolistic competition.
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</doublecolslide>
</section>
<section>
<htitle>Market Power Mitigation Strategies</htitle>
<h7>Seller of Last Resort (SLR)</h7>
<p class="l">
Adding a regulated agent that can place an unlimited supply bid at a fixed regulated price.
</p>
<div class="fragment">
<h7>Diversification</h7>
<p class ="l"> Diversifying the local energy mix by adding new agent types. </p>
<img src="imgs/Mitgation/div.svg" width="60%" style="border: 0pt solid black;" >
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<htitle>Results: <br> Mitigation Strategies</htitle>
<section>
<doublecolslide style="margin: 15pt">
<div class="r-stack c1" style="width: 65%;">
<img src="imgs/res/welfare_Compare_CS.svg" class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1" width="100%" style="border: 0pt solid black;" >
<img src="imgs/res/welfare_Compare_PS.svg" class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2" width="100%">
</div>
<div class="c1" style="width: 35%;">
<ul style="font-size: 14pt;">
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">
Both strategies increase consumer surplus, however, SLR is significantly more efficient.
</li>
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
Diversification increases market efficiency and producer surplus.
</li>
<li class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
SLR reduces producer surplus and market efficiency.
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</doublecolslide>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<htitle>Outlook</htitle>
<ul style="font-size: 24pt">
<li class="fragment">
Thermo-electric LEMs are highly susceptible to market manipulation, which should be considered in the design of such markets.
</li>
<li class="fragment">
A well-chosen mix of technologies in an LEM can contribute to avoiding abuse of market power.
</li>
<li class="fragment">
What is the energy mix that best mitigates market power?
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<header style="text-align:center; border: 0px solid black">
<div class="column", style="text-align: center; width: 24%;">
<img src="imgs/tuda_logo.svg" height="100" width="80%" >
</div>
<div class="column" , style="width: 50%;">
<hTitle style="font-size: larger;">Thank you!</hTitle>
</div>
<div class="column"; style="width: 24%;">
<img src="imgs/EINS.svg" height="100" >
</div>
</header>
<doublecolslide style="align-items: center;">
<div class="c1" style="align-items: center; text-align: center;">
<p>This presentation
<br>
<a href="https://slides.sesaau23.juliabarbosa.net">
https://slides.sesaau23.juliabarbosa.net
</a>
</p>
<img src="imgs/logos/slides.svg" height="100">
</div>
<div class="c1" style="text-align: center;">
<p>
<a href="https://www.eins.tu-darmstadt.de/eins/welcome">
Energy Information Networks & Systems Lab
</a>
</p>
<img src ="imgs/logos/EINSHP.svg" height="100">
</div>
</doublecolslide>
<p>Contact:
<br>
<a href="mailto:julia.barbosa@eins.tu-darmstadt.de">
julia.barbosa@eins.tu-darmstadt.de</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:mail@juliabarbosa.net">
mail@juliabarbosa.net
</a>
</p>
</div>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<script src="dist/reveal.js"></script>
<script src="plugin/notes/notes.js"></script>
<script src="plugin/markdown/markdown.js"></script>
<script src="plugin/highlight/highlight.js"></script>
<script src="plugin/math/math.js"></script>
<script src="plugin/animate/plugin.js"></script>
<script src="plugin/animate/svg.min.js"></script>
<script>
// More info about initialization & config:
// - https://revealjs.com/initialization/
// - https://revealjs.com/config/
Reveal.initialize({
hash: true,
slideNumber: 'c/t',
showSlideNumber: 'all',
navigationMode: 'linear',
// Learn about plugins: https://revealjs.com/plugins/
plugins: [RevealMarkdown, RevealHighlight, RevealNotes, RevealMath.KaTeX],
});
Reveal.configure({ pdfMaxPagesPerSlide: 1 });
</script>
</body>
</html>