diff --git a/Linker_QuickAction.sh b/Linker_QuickAction.sh
index d82ebc4..8f4012b 100755
--- a/Linker_QuickAction.sh
+++ b/Linker_QuickAction.sh
@@ -1,20 +1,39 @@
 #!/bin/zsh
+# shellcheck shell=bash
 
-# Linker Finder QuickAction
-# version 1.0.0
+# Linker Finder QuickAction (workflow)
+# version 1.0.1
 
 export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
-export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/sw/bin:/sw/bin:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/local/bin:$HOME/bin:$HOME/Developer/bin
+export PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/sw/bin:/sw/bin:"$HOME"/.local/bin:"$HOME"/local/bin:"$HOME"/bin:"$HOME"/Developer/bin
 
 if ! command -v linker &>/dev/null ; then
-	account=$(id -u)
-	osascript &>/dev/null << EOT
+	xattr -c /usr/local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c /opt/local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c /opt/sw/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c /sw/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c "$HOME"/.local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c "$HOME"/local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c "$HOME"/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	xattr -c "$HOME"/Developer/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x /usr/local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x /opt/local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x /opt/sw/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x /sw/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x "$HOME"/.local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x "$HOME"/local/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x "$HOME"/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	chmod +x "$HOME"/Developer/bin/linker 2>/dev/null
+	if ! command -v linker &>/dev/null ; then
+		account=$(id -u)
+		osascript &>/dev/null << EOT
 beep
 tell application "System Events"
-	display notification "Linker main script not found!" with title "Linker [" & "$account" & "]" subtitle "❌ Error: \$PATH"
+	display notification "Main Linker shell script not found!" with title "Linker QuickAction [" & "$account" & "]" subtitle "❌ Error: \$PATH"
 end tell
 EOT
-	exit
+		exit
+	fi
 fi
 
 linker "$@" &
diff --git a/README b/README
index f2ee6b2..7629ad9 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Linker is a macOS shell script and Finder QuickAction to create relative or absolute symbolic links, hard links, Finder aliases, file clones or legacy file copies
+Linker is a macOS shell script and Finder QuickAction to create relative or absolute symbolic links, hard links, Finder aliases, Bookmark files, file clones or legacy file copies
 
 Latest release: https://github.com/JayBrown/Linker/releases/latest
 
@@ -16,14 +16,16 @@ Latest release: https://github.com/JayBrown/Linker/releases/latest
 
 * execute the following, if the script doesn't run: chmod +x ./linker
 
-* install QuickAction (workflow) with Automator Installer
+* Mojave & later: install QuickAction workflow with Automator Installer
+* on older systems the QuickAction format is either not supported or might not work properly as a Service workflow, and you need to create your own Service workflow in Automator
 
-In Finder you can just use the QuickAction from the contextual menu.
+In Finder you can just use the QuickAction from the contextual menu (or the Service on older systems).
 
 You will have the following options on the command-line, for tool integration in file managers like Nimble Commander, or via the Touch Bar using BetterTouchTool:
 
 linker
-	-a		:	create Finder alias
+	-a		:	create Finder Alias
+	-b		:	create Bookmark file (same as Finder Alias on newer systems)
 	-c		:	create cloned file copy (only on APFS)
 	-d		:	create legacy file copy (true duplicate)
 	-h		:	create hard link (only on HFS+ volumes)
@@ -32,5 +34,5 @@ linker
 
 Please note that even the above options will still use the GUI for the user to select the destination directory.
 
-Linker uses a code snippet from StackExchange: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/85068/222515
+Linker uses a modified code snippet from StackExchange: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/85068/222515
 Linker comes bundled with the alisma tool by EclecticLight: https://eclecticlight.co/downloads
diff --git a/linker b/linker
index 4041a38..eeaf121 100755
--- a/linker
+++ b/linker
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/zsh
 # shellcheck shell=bash
 
-# Linker v0.3
+# Linker v0.4
 
 export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
 export SYSTEM_VERSION_COMPAT=0
@@ -10,21 +10,32 @@ export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/sw/
 uiprocess="Linker"
 procid="local.lcars.Linker"
 
+# check system version
 sysvers=$(sw_vers -productVersion)
+doublealias=false
+noapfs=false
 vmaj=$(echo "$sysvers" | awk -F"." '{print $1}')
 if [[ $vmaj -lt 11 ]] ; then
 	vmin=$(echo "$sysvers" | awk -F"." '{print $2}')
-	if [[ $vmin -lt 13 ]] ; then
+	if [[ $vmin -lt 13 ]] ; then # no APFS support
 		noapfs=true
-	else
-		noapfs=false
+		if [[ $vmin -eq 12 ]] ; then
+			vfix=$(echo "$sysvers" | awk -F"." '{print $3}')
+			if [[ $vfix -lt 6 ]] ; then # potentially buggy support for new Alias format: needs to be separated from Bookmark file
+				doublealias=true
+			fi
+		elif [[ $vmin -lt 12 ]] ; then # old Alias format: needs to be separated from Bookmark file
+			doublealias=true
+		fi
 	fi
 fi
 
+# warning beep
 _sysbeep () {
 	osascript -e 'beep' &>/dev/null
 }
 
+# notify function
 _notify () {
 	osascript &>/dev/null << EOT
 tell application "System Events"
@@ -33,6 +44,7 @@ end tell
 EOT
 }
 
+# relative path function (modified)
 _relpath () {
 	# from here: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/85068/222515
     # both $1 and $2 are absolute paths beginning with /
@@ -43,6 +55,7 @@ _relpath () {
     source=$1 # link location
 	target=$2 # original file
 
+	# quick check for same directory
 	if [[ $(dirname "$source") == $(dirname "$target") ]] ; then
 		result=$(basename "$target")
 		result=./$result
@@ -65,7 +78,7 @@ _relpath () {
 			((count++))
 		done
 
-		if [[ $count -eq 1 ]] ; then
+		if [[ $count -eq 1 ]] ; then # override double-dot
 			result=.
 		fi
 
@@ -87,7 +100,7 @@ _relpath () {
 		fi
 	fi
 	
-	result=$(echo "$result" | sed "s-^\.\./--" 2>/dev/null)
+	result=$(echo "$result" | sed "s-^\.\./--" 2>/dev/null) # necessary because link doesn't exist yet!
 	
 	printf '%s\n' "$result"
 }
@@ -146,11 +159,13 @@ if ! [[ $HOMEDIR ]] || ! [[ -d "$HOMEDIR" ]] ; then
 	fi
 fi
 
+# command-line options
 hardlink=false
 symlink=false
 absolute=false
 relative=false
 finderalias=false
+bookmark=false
 duplicate=false
 fileclone=false
 cli=false
@@ -168,6 +183,14 @@ elif [[ $1 == "-s" ]] ; then
 	absolute=true
 	cli=true
 	shift
+elif [[ $1 == "-b" ]] ; then
+	if $doublealias ; then
+		bookmark=true
+	else
+		finderalias=true
+	fi
+	cli=true
+	shift
 elif [[ $1 == "-a" ]] ; then
 	finderalias=true
 	cli=true
@@ -194,11 +217,13 @@ if ! [[ $* ]] ; then
 	exit
 fi
 
+# check for multiple files
 multi=false	
 if [[ $# -gt 1 ]] ; then
 	multi=true
 fi
 
+# quick check for missing files
 for filepath in "$@"
 do
 	if ! [[ -e "$filepath" ]] ; then
@@ -208,6 +233,7 @@ do
 	fi
 done
 
+# check for support directory and presence of alisma
 exportalisma=false
 supportdir="$HOMEDIR/Library/Application Support/$procid"
 bindir="$supportdir/bin"
@@ -225,6 +251,7 @@ else
 	fi
 fi
 
+# export alisma CLI
 if $exportalisma ; then
 	read -d '' alisma64 <<"EOA"
 yv66vgAAAAIBAAAHAAAAAwAAQAAAAOJgAAAADgEAAAwAAAAAAAFAAAABHIAAAAAO
@@ -3457,6 +3484,7 @@ EOA
 	chmod +x "$bindir/alisma" 2>/dev/null
 fi
 
+# export additional path & check for availability of alisma
 export PATH=$PATH:"$bindir"
 xalisma=true
 if ! command -v alisma &>/dev/null ; then
@@ -3473,7 +3501,15 @@ else
 		xalisma=false
 	fi
 fi
+if $cli ; then # standard alias files can always be created via Finder
+	if $bookmark && ! $xalisma ; then
+		_sysbeep &
+		_notify "⚠️ Bookmark files unsupported!" "alisma CLI is missing!"
+		exit
+	fi
+fi
 
+# export icon, if necessary
 icon_loc="$supportdir/Linker.png"
 if ! [[ -f "$icon_loc" ]] ; then
 	read -d '' icon64 <<"EOI"
@@ -10298,69 +10334,134 @@ EOI
 	echo "$icon64" | base64 -d -o "$icon_loc" 2>/dev/null
 fi
 
+# launched from GUI: select method first
 if ! $cli ; then
-	opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null << EOC
+	if ! $multi ; then
+		filebase=$(basename "$1")
+		titleadd="Source: $filebase"
+	else
+		titleadd="Sources: $# files"
+	fi
+	while true
+	do # primary option: symlink with relative path
+		opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null << EOC
 tell application "System Events"
 	activate
 	set theLogoPath to POSIX file "$icon_loc"
-	set theOpsChoice to button returned of (display dialog "Please select the file operation." ¬
-		buttons {"Cancel", "Other", "Symbolic Link (Relative)"} ¬
+	set theOpsChoice to button returned of (display dialog "$titleadd" & return & return & "Please select the file operation." ¬
+		buttons {"Quit", "Other", "Symbolic Link (Relative)"} ¬
 		default button 3 ¬
-		cancel button "Cancel" ¬
+		cancel button "Quit" ¬
 		with title "Linker" ¬
 		with icon file theLogoPath ¬
 		giving up after 180)
 end tell
 EOC
-	)
-	if ! [[ $opschoice ]] ; then
-		exit
-	fi
-	if [[ $opschoice == "Symbolic Link (Relative)" ]] ; then
-		symlink=true
-		relative=true
-	else
-		if ! $noapfs ; then
-			opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
+		)
+		if ! [[ $opschoice ]] || [[ $opschoice == "Quit" ]] ; then
+			exit
+		fi
+		if [[ $opschoice == "Symbolic Link (Relative)" ]] ; then
+			symlink=true
+			relative=true
+			break
+		else # other methods
+			if ! $noapfs ; then # APFS support: include file clones
+				if $xalisma ; then # alisma present
+					if $doublealias ; then # old system: separated alias & bookmark
+						opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
+tell application "System Events"
+	activate
+	set theOpsList to {"Symbolic Link (Relative)", "Symbolic Link (Absolute)", "Bookmark File", "Finder Alias", "Hard Link", "Cloned File Copy (APFS Default)", "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)"}
+	set theOpsChoice to choose from list theOpsList with title "Linker" with prompt "Please select the file operation."
+end tell
+EOC
+						)
+					else # new system: alias = bookmark
+						opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
 tell application "System Events"
 	activate
 	set theOpsList to {"Symbolic Link (Relative)", "Symbolic Link (Absolute)", "Finder Alias", "Hard Link", "Cloned File Copy (APFS Default)", "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)"}
 	set theOpsChoice to choose from list theOpsList with title "Linker" with prompt "Please select the file operation."
 end tell
 EOC
-			)
-		else
-			opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
+						)
+					fi
+				else # no alisma present: alias still possible via Finder
+					opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
+tell application "System Events"
+	activate
+	set theOpsList to {"Symbolic Link (Relative)", "Symbolic Link (Absolute)", "Finder Alias", "Hard Link", "Cloned File Copy (APFS Default)", "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)"}
+	set theOpsChoice to choose from list theOpsList with title "Linker" with prompt "Please select the file operation."
+end tell
+EOC
+					)
+				fi
+			else # no APFS support: ignore file clones
+				if $xalisma ; then # alisma present
+					if $doublealias ; then # old system: separated alias & bookmark
+						opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
+tell application "System Events"
+	activate
+	set theOpsList to {"Symbolic Link (Relative)", "Symbolic Link (Absolute)", "Bookmark File", "Finder Alias", "Hard Link", "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)"}
+	set theOpsChoice to choose from list theOpsList with title "Linker" with prompt "Please select the file operation."
+end tell
+EOC
+						)
+					else # new system: alias = bookmark
+						opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
 tell application "System Events"
 	activate
 	set theOpsList to {"Symbolic Link (Relative)", "Symbolic Link (Absolute)", "Finder Alias", "Hard Link", "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)"}
 	set theOpsChoice to choose from list theOpsList with title "Linker" with prompt "Please select the file operation."
 end tell
 EOC
-			)
-		fi
-		if [[ $opschoice == "Symbolic Link (Relative)" ]] ; then
-			symlink=true
-			relative=true
-			absolute=false
-		elif [[ $opschoice == "Symbolic Link (Absolute)" ]] ; then
-			symlink=true
-			absolute=true
-			relative=false
-		elif [[ $opschoice == "Finder Alias" ]] ; then
-			finderalias=true
-		elif [[ $opschoice == "Hard Link" ]] ; then
-			hardlink=true
-		elif [[ $opschoice == "Cloned File Copy (APFS Default)" ]] ; then
-			fileclone=true
-		elif [[ $opschoice == "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)" ]] ; then
-			duplicate=true
-		else
-			exit
+						)
+					fi
+				else # no alisma present: alias still possible via Finder
+					opschoice=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOC
+tell application "System Events"
+	activate
+	set theOpsList to {"Symbolic Link (Relative)", "Symbolic Link (Absolute)", "Finder Alias", "Hard Link", "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)"}
+	set theOpsChoice to choose from list theOpsList with title "Linker" with prompt "Please select the file operation."
+end tell
+EOC
+					)
+				fi
+			fi
+			if [[ $opschoice == "Symbolic Link (Relative)" ]] ; then
+				symlink=true
+				relative=true
+				absolute=false
+				break
+			elif [[ $opschoice == "Symbolic Link (Absolute)" ]] ; then
+				symlink=true
+				absolute=true
+				relative=false
+				break
+			elif [[ $opschoice == "Finder Alias" ]] ; then
+				finderalias=true
+				break
+			elif [[ $opschoice == "Bookmark File" ]] ; then
+				bookmark=true
+				break
+			elif [[ $opschoice == "Hard Link" ]] ; then
+				hardlink=true
+				break
+			elif [[ $opschoice == "Cloned File Copy (APFS Default)" ]] ; then
+				fileclone=true
+				break
+			elif [[ $opschoice == "Full File Copy (HFS+ Default)" ]] ; then
+				duplicate=true
+				break
+			else
+				continue
+			fi
 		fi
-	fi
+	done
 fi
 
+# quick check: no directory hardlinks + no hardlinks on APFS volume + no file clones on non-APFS volumes
 if ! $multi ; then
 	if $hardlink ; then
 		if ! [[ -f "$1" ]] ; then
@@ -10390,40 +10491,42 @@ if ! $multi ; then
 	fi
 fi
 
-selectfolder="$HOMEDIR"
-while true
-do
-	destination=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOD
-tell application "System Events"
-	activate
-	set theSelectFolder to "$selectfolder" as string
-	set theDestinationFolder to choose folder with prompt "Please choose the destination folder…" default location theSelectFolder with invisibles and showing package contents
-	set theDestinationFolderPath to (POSIX path of theDestinationFolder)
-end tell
-EOD
-	)
-	if ! [[ $destination ]] ; then
-		exit
-	fi
-	if ! [[ -w "$destination" ]] ; then
-		folderbase=$(basename "$destination")
-		_sysbeep &
-		_notify "⚠️ Error: not writable!" "$folderbase "
-	else
-		break
-	fi
-done
-
+# miscellaneous variables for the individual methods
 keeptype=false
-if $hardlink || $symlink || $finderalias ; then
-	method="Link created:"
+if $hardlink || $symlink || $finderalias || $bookmark ; then
 	method_err="Not linked:"
 	if $finderalias ; then
+		method="Alias created:"
 		identifier="alias"
+		if ! $multi ; then
+			resultstring="Finder alias"
+		else
+			resultstring="Finder aliases"
+		fi
+	elif $bookmark ; then
+		method="Bookmark created:"
+		identifier="bookmark"
+		if ! $multi ; then
+			resultstring="Finder bookmark"
+		else
+			resultstring="Finder bookmarks"
+		fi
 	elif $symlink ; then
+		method="Symlink created:"
 		identifier="symlink"
+		if ! $multi ; then
+			resultstring="symbolic link"
+		else
+			resultstring="symbolic links"
+		fi
 	elif $hardlink ; then
+		method="Hard link created:"
 		identifier="hardlink"
+		if ! $multi ; then
+			resultstring="hard link"
+		else
+			resultstring="hard links"
+		fi
 		keeptype=true
 	fi
 elif $duplicate ; then
@@ -10431,13 +10534,58 @@ elif $duplicate ; then
 	identifier="copy"
 	method="Copied to:"
 	method_err="Not copied:"
+	if ! $multi ; then
+		resultstring="cloned file"
+	else
+		resultstring="cloned files"
+	fi
 elif $fileclone ; then
 	keeptype=true
 	identifier="clone"
 	method="Cloned to:"
 	method_err="Not cloned:"
+	if ! $multi ; then
+		resultstring="copied file"
+	else
+		resultstring="copied files"
+	fi
 fi
 
+# initial folder selection
+if $multi ; then
+	selectfolder="$HOMEDIR"
+else
+	if $duplicate || $finderalias || $bookmark || $symlink ; then
+		selectfolder="$HOMEDIR"
+	else # hardlinks & fileclones need to stay on the source volume
+		selectfolder=$(dirname "$1")
+	fi
+fi
+while true
+do
+	# select destination folder
+	destination=$(osascript 2>/dev/null <<EOD
+tell application "System Events"
+	activate
+	set theSelectFolder to "$selectfolder" as string
+	set theDestinationFolder to choose folder with prompt "Please choose the destination directory for the $resultstring…" default location theSelectFolder with invisibles and showing package contents
+	set theDestinationFolderPath to (POSIX path of theDestinationFolder)
+end tell
+EOD
+	)
+	if ! [[ $destination ]] ; then
+		exit
+	fi
+	if ! [[ -w "$destination" ]] ; then
+		folderbase=$(basename "$destination")
+		_sysbeep &
+		_notify "⚠️ Error: not writable!" "$folderbase "
+	else
+		break
+	fi
+done
+
+# main routine
 errors=false
 someok=false
 fserror=false
@@ -10445,7 +10593,7 @@ for filepath in "$@"
 do
 	filepath_short="${filepath/#$HOMEDIR/~}"
 
-	if ! [[ -e "$filepath" ]] ; then
+	if ! [[ -e "$filepath" ]] ; then # missing file
 		_sysbeep &
 		_notify "❌ Error: file missing!" "$filepath_short"
 		errors=true
@@ -10453,12 +10601,13 @@ do
 	fi
 	
 	filename=$(basename "$filepath")
-	if $keeptype ; then
+	if $keeptype ; then # need to split basename to add identifier or posix date
 		extension="${filename##*.}"
 		rawname="${filename%.*}"
 	fi
 	parentdir=$(dirname "$filepath")
 	
+	# check for existing files and modify filename accordingly
 	if [[ $parentdir == "$destination" ]] ; then
 		if ! $keeptype ; then
 			linkloc="$destination/$filename $identifier"
@@ -10509,8 +10658,9 @@ do
 	fi
 	linkbase=$(basename "$linkloc")
 	
+	# symbolic links
 	if $symlink ; then
-		if $relative ; then
+		if $relative ; then # relative path (recommended)
 			relpath=$(_relpath "$linkloc" "$filepath")
 			if [[ $relpath ]] ; then
 				ln -h -s "$relpath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null
@@ -10520,7 +10670,7 @@ do
 			else
 				errors=true
 			fi
-		elif $absolute ; then
+		elif $absolute ; then # absolute path
 			ln -h -s "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null
 			if ! [[ -L "$linkloc" ]] ; then
 				errors=true
@@ -10528,35 +10678,53 @@ do
 		else
 			errors=true
 		fi
-		
+
+	# bookmark file (only on systems older than macOS 10.12.6)
+	elif $bookmark ; then
+		alisma -a "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null
+		if ! [[ -f "$linkloc" ]] ; then
+			errors=true
+		fi
+
+	# Finder alias
 	elif $finderalias ; then
-		if $xalisma ; then
+		if $xalisma ; then # use alisma to create new-style bookmark, but label as alias
 			alisma -a "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null
-		else
+		else # use Finder if alisma is not present or compatible: will produce bookmark or legacy alias, depending on system version
 			finderquit=false
-			if ! pgrep "Finder" &>/dev/null ; then
+			if ! pgrep "Finder" &>/dev/null ; then # launch Finder first
 				open -b com.apple.Finder 2>/dev/null
 				finderquit=true
 			fi
-			osascript &>/dev/null <<EOF
+			if ! $finderquit ; then # just call Finder
+				osascript &>/dev/null <<EOF
+tell application "Finder"
+	set theSourceFile to POSIX file "$filepath" as alias
+	set theAliasFolder to POSIX file "$destination" as alias
+	make new alias to theSourceFile at theAliasFolder
+	set name of result to "$linkbase"
+end tell
+EOF
+			else # call Finder and quit again
+				osascript &>/dev/null <<EOF
 tell application "Finder"
 	set theSourceFile to POSIX file "$filepath" as alias
 	set theAliasFolder to POSIX file "$destination" as alias
 	make new alias to theSourceFile at theAliasFolder
 	set name of result to "$linkbase"
+	quit
 end tell
 EOF
-			if $finderquit ; then
-				osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to quit' 2>/dev/null
 			fi
 		fi
 		if ! [[ -f "$linkloc" ]] ; then
 			errors=true
 		fi
-		
+	
+	# hard link
 	elif $hardlink ; then
 		if $multi ; then
-			if ! [[ -f "$filepath" ]] ; then
+			if ! [[ -f "$filepath" ]] ; then # only regular files for hardlinks
 				_sysbeep &
 				_notify "⚠️ Hard link impossible!" "Not a regular file: $filename"
 				fserror=true
@@ -10564,7 +10732,7 @@ EOF
 			else
 				device=$(df "$filepath" | awk '/^\//{print $1}')
 				filesystem=$(diskutil info "$device" 2>/dev/null | awk '/File System Personality:/{print substr($0, index($0,$4))}')
-				if [[ $filesystem == "APFS" ]] ; then
+				if [[ $filesystem == "APFS" ]] ; then # no hardlinks on APFS
 					_sysbeep &
 					_notify "⚠️ Hard links unsupported!" "APFS: $device"
 					fserror=true
@@ -10576,7 +10744,7 @@ EOF
 						if ! [[ -f "$linkloc" ]] ; then
 							errors=true
 						fi
-					else
+					else # no hardlinks across devices
 						_sysbeep &
 						_notify "⚠️ No hard links across devices!" "$linkdevice != $device"
 						errors=true
@@ -10591,14 +10759,15 @@ EOF
 				if ! [[ -f "$linkloc" ]] ; then
 					errors=true
 				fi
-			else
+			else # no hardlinks across devices
 				_sysbeep &
 				_notify "⚠️ No hard links across devices!" "$linkdevice != $device"
 				errors=true
 				hardlinkerror=true
 			fi
 		fi
-		
+
+	# legacy file copy (cp)	: available on all systems
 	elif $duplicate ; then
 		if [[ -d "$filepath" ]] ; then
 			if ! cp -f -r "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null ; then
@@ -10609,12 +10778,13 @@ EOF
 				errors=true
 			fi
 		fi
-		
+	
+	# cloned file copy (cp -c): available only on APFS
 	elif $fileclone ; then
 		if $multi ; then
 			device=$(df "$filepath" | awk '/^\//{print $1}')
 			filesystem=$(diskutil info "$device" 2>/dev/null | awk '/File System Personality:/{print substr($0, index($0,$4))}')
-			if [[ $filesystem != "APFS" ]] ; then
+			if [[ $filesystem != "APFS" ]] ; then # not on non-APFS volumes
 				if ! [[ $filesystem ]] ; then
 					filesystem="n/a"
 				fi
@@ -10623,6 +10793,27 @@ EOF
 				fserror=true
 				errors=true
 			else
+				linkdevice=$(df "$destination" | awk '/^\//{print $1}')
+				if [[ $linkdevice == "$device" ]] ; then
+					if [[ -d "$filepath" ]] ; then
+						if ! cp -f -r -c "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null ; then
+							errors=true
+						fi
+					else
+						if ! cp -f -c "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null ; then
+							errors=true
+						fi
+					fi
+				else # no clones across devices
+					_sysbeep &
+					_notify "⚠️ No cloned copies across devices!" "$linkdevice != $device"
+					errors=true
+					hardlinkerror=true
+				fi
+			fi
+		else
+			linkdevice=$(df "$destination" | awk '/^\//{print $1}')
+			if [[ $linkdevice == "$device" ]] ; then
 				if [[ -d "$filepath" ]] ; then
 					if ! cp -f -r -c "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null ; then
 						errors=true
@@ -10632,50 +10823,47 @@ EOF
 						errors=true
 					fi
 				fi
-			fi
-		else
-			if [[ -d "$filepath" ]] ; then
-				if ! cp -f -r -c "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null ; then
-					errors=true
-				fi
-			else
-				if ! cp -f -c "$filepath" "$linkloc" &>/dev/null ; then
-					errors=true
-				fi
+			else # no clones across devices
+				_sysbeep &
+				_notify "⚠️ No cloned copies across devices!" "$linkdevice != $device"
+				errors=true
+				hardlinkerror=true
 			fi
 		fi
 	fi
 	
+	# loop notifications
 	if ! $multi ; then
 		linkloc_short="${linkloc/#$HOMEDIR/~}"
 		if ! $errors ; then
-			_notify "✅ Success: $filename" "$method: $linkloc_short"
+			_notify "✅ Success: $filename" "$method $linkloc_short"
 		else
 			if ! $hardlinkerror && ! $fserror ; then
 				_sysbeep &
-				_notify "❌ Error: $filename" "$method_err: $linkloc_short"
+				_notify "❌ Error: $filename" "$method_err $linkloc_short"
 			fi
 		fi
 	else
 		if $errors ; then
 			_sysbeep &
-			_notify "❌ Error: $filename" "$method_err: $linkloc_short"
+			_notify "❌ Error: $filename" "$method_err $linkloc_short"
 		else
 			someok=true
 		fi
 	fi
 done
 
+# final notifications (only for multiple files)
 if $multi ; then
 	if ! $errors ; then
-		_notify "✅ Success!" "$method: $# files"
+		_notify "✅ Success!" "$method $# files"
 	else
 		if $someok ; then
 			_sysbeep &
 			_notify "☑️ Partial success!" "There was at least one error!"
 		else
 			_sysbeep &
-			_notify "❌ Errors" "$method_err: $# files"
+			_notify "❌ Errors" "$method_err $# files"
 		fi
 	fi
 fi