Linux

Linux Notes

Ways to open a Terminal

• Right Click -> Open Terminal
• Application -> Favourites -> Terminal
• Application -> Utilities -> Terminal
• Press Window button -> type Terminal
• Move cursor to top-left -> Select Terminal from the dash
• Alt + F2 -> type gnome-terminal -> Press Enter

Terminal Shortcuts

Shortcut	Description
Ctrl + Shift + +	Font Size (Increase)
Ctrl + -	Font Size (Decrease)
Ctrl + Shift + T	Create a tab in terminal
Ctrl + Shift + N	To open N terminals
Ctrl + Shift + W	Close a Terminal Tab
Ctrl + Q	Close a Terminal Window
Alt + F4	Close a Terminal Window
Ctrl + L	Clear the Terminal screen
clear	Clear the Terminal screen
one word + Tab	Auto complete
Tab + Tab	next possible commands
F11	Full Scren

Bash Shell Prompt

• Scenario 1

[student@desktop0  Documents] $

• Scenario 2

[root@desktop0  Documents] #

Item	Meaning
student	User
desktop0	Hostname
Documents	Present Working Directory
$	Normal User
#	Root User

Linux Directories

Directory	What it is for
bin	normal user commands are stored
sbin	root user commands are stored
lib	library files are stored (32 bit processor)
lib64	library files are stored (64 bit processor)
boot	kernel will boot from this directory
dev	device information i.e. hard disk
etc	configuration files are stored here
home	normal user can be stored
media	shows the external devices i.e. USB, CD
run	runtime data for processes started since last boot
mnt	mounting directory (to link a partition with the folder )
opt	Optinal directory (could be used to install some apps)
proc	Processor info are stored
root	Root user home directory
srv	Service information
sys	System information
temp	Temporary directory
usr	bin, sbin, lib64, lib are stored in this
var	Variable directory