Multicomponent_Co_alloys2.txt

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VR 1.0
PT J
AU Bursik, J
TI Phase equilibria in Ni-Al-Cr-Co-W-Re system: Modelling and experiments
SO ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
VL 49
IS 3
BP 505
EP 518
PD 2004
PY 2004
AB Ordering processes typical for Ni-base superalloys were studied in a
   multicomponent system Ni-Al-Cr-Co-W-Re by means of computer modelling
   using Monte Carlo method combined with ab initio calculations.
   Complementary calculations were also run using ThermoCalc software for
   modelling of thermodynamic equilibria. Together with modelling,
   experiments were carried out by means of analytical scanning and
   transmission electron microscopy after a long term annealing at high
   temperatures typical for. application of Ni-based superalloys. The
   microstructure of equilibrium states was characterized as regards the
   phase constitution and chemical composition of phases. The comparison of
   results of applied methods is given.
CT 33rd International Conference on Phase Diagram Calculation and
   Computational Thermochemistry
CY MAY 30-JUN 04, 2004
CL Krakow, POLAND
SP Calphad Inc; Thermo-Calc Software; Thermfact; GTT Technol; Compu Therm
   LLC; JMatPro
RI Bursik, Jiri/B-8684-2013
OI Bursik, Jiri/0000-0002-6749-9788
Z8 0
ZS 0
TC 1
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 1
SN 0860-7052
UT WOS:000224772200007
ER

PT J
AU Kolomytsev, V
   Pasko, A
   Sezonenko, A
TI Selection rules for the production of bulk metallic glass precursors for
   shape memory materials
SO ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
VL 49
IS 4
BP 825
EP 840
PD 2004
PY 2004
AB The paper is focused on the development of the following technological
   paths: (metallic melt) -> (bulk metallic glass precursor of shape memory
   material) -> (superplastic deformation on heating through the
   supercooled liquid region) -> (crystallization and final
   microcrystalline material with martensitic transformation in a
   predetermined temperature range). Main attention is paid to design of
   multicomponent (Ti,ZrHf)(A)(Co,Ni,Cu,Pd)(B) alloys with compositions
   varied around an effective intermetallic compound AB (A:B = 45:55;
   50:50; 55:45). One of the challenging problems here is to find a
   chemical composition window of our multicomponent systems fitting the
   known empirical rules for a high amorphization ability and keeping the
   martensitic transformation and good shape memory properties after
   crystallization.
RI Pasko, Alexandre/C-9529-2011
OI Pasko, Alexandre/0000-0002-8047-1122
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 3
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 3
SN 0860-7052
UT WOS:000227653700009
ER

PT J
AU Cooke, H
   Ridley, DD
TI The challenges with substance databases and structure search engines
SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
VL 57
IS 5
BP 387
EP 392
DI 10.1071/CH03315
PD 2004
PY 2004
AB Structure connection tables, which are commonly used for the
   representation of chemical structures in electronic databases, are
   valuable for substances where specific valence bond structures are known
   or can be drawn. However there are many classes of substances (for
   example alloys, catenanes, polymers, or salts) which cannot be fully
   represented by valence bond structures. There are also issues of
   definition (such as when a substance is a co-ordination compound, or
   hydrate, or salt), and of bonding types (resonance, donor complexes,
   pi-complexes). Producers of chemical substance databases may address
   these issues in different ways and generally need to introduce concepts
   (for example multicomponent substances) with which chemical scientists
   may not be familiar. In addition to these aspects of database content,
   the searcher needs to understand the algorithms behind the structure
   search engines. For example, the SciFinder search engine has
   considerable in-built chemical intelligence at the initial search level
   and then has many tools to mine the data once obtained; the CrossFire
   search engine also employs several algorithms by default and allows
   further options to vary them.
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z8 0
TC 1
ZR 0
Z9 1
SN 0004-9425
EI 1445-0038
UT WOS:000221249400001
ER

PT J
AU Solonin, YM
   Kolomiets, LL
   Solonin, SM
   Skorokhod, VV
   Katashinskii, VP
TI Sintered metals and alloys - Development of hydrogenating powder alloys
   for the electrodes of alkali batteries. III. Production characteristics
   of gas-atomized powders of multicomponent intermetallic alloys
SO POWDER METALLURGY AND METAL CERAMICS
VL 43
IS 1-2
BP 17
EP 22
DI 10.1023/B:PMMC.0000028266.76695.89
PD JAN-FEB 2004
PY 2004
AB Alloy powders containing rare earth metals are prepared by the gas
   atomization method and their structure, surface, technological, and
   electrochemical properties are studied. Powders of the alloys
   LaNi4.5Al0.5, LaNi2.5Co2.4,Al-0.1, and (Mm,
   La)Ni3.5Co0.7Al0.35Mn0.4Zr0.05 are prepared with different particle
   sizes. The morphology, oxygen content and crystal structure of powders
   in relation to particle size are studied by x-ray analysis, electron
   microscopy, and surface dispersion spectroscopy. The hydrogen capacity
   and electrochemical properties of different fractions are determined. It
   is established that all of the fractions have similar morphology and
   alloy lattice parameters. The surface of gas atomized powders with less
   particle size is less contaminated with oxygen compared with larger
   fractions. At the same time fractions with a particle size <50 mum have
   poor activity during gas and electrochemical hydrogenation. DTA curves
   for fractions of fine particles have an additional exothermic peak that
   may be caused by thermally induced transformation of the amorphous
   component into crystalline. The coarse fraction of gas atomized powder
   has the same hydrogen and electrochemical capacity as for fuzzed alloys.
TC 0
ZR 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z9 0
SN 1068-1302
UT WOS:000223132800003
ER

PT S
AU Mitrovic, N
   Simeunovic, R
   Maricic, A
   Jordovic, B
BE Uskokovic, DP
   Milonjic, SK
   Rakovic, DI
TI Synthesis, preparation and properties of new Fe-based soft magnetic
   amorphous alloys with a large supercooled liquid region
SO PROGRESS IN ADVANCED MATERIALS AND PROCESSES
SE Materials Science Forum
VL 453-454
BP 367
EP 373
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.453-454.367
PD 2004
PY 2004
AB This study presents recent results on the synthesis, preparation and
   characterization of new amorphous alloys in (Fe,Nb)-(Al-Ga)-(P-C-B) and
   (Fe,Cu)-(Co-Ni)-(Zr-Nb)-B multicomponent systems. These alloys exhibit a
   large supercooled liquid region (AT,) defined by the temperature span
   between glass transition temperature (T-g) and crystallization
   temperature (T-x), (DeltaT(x)=T-x-T-g). Melt spinning and Suction
   casting in water-cooled Cu-moulds were used to prepare amorphous
   ribbons, as well as rod samples with diameters Lip to 2 mm,
   respectively. The amorphicity of samples was investigated by XRD, TEM,
   DSC and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The influence of alloy composition,
   preparation and thermal treatments on the physical properties is
   discussed.
CT 5th Conference of the Yugoslav-Materials-Research-Society (Yu-MRS 2003)
CY SEP 15-19, 2003
CL Herceg Novi, YUGOSLAVIA
SP Yugoslav Mat Res Soc
OI Mitrovic, Nebojsa/0000-0002-7971-6321
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 2
Z8 0
Z9 2
SN 0255-5476
BN *************
UT WOS:000221535700061
ER

PT J
AU Kunits'ky, YA
   Lysov, VI
   Tsaregrads'ka, TK
   Fedorov, VY
   Turkov, OV
TI Processes of phase formation in amorphous systems
SO METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII
VL 25
IS 12
BP 1563
EP 1586
PD DEC 2003
PY 2003
AB The theoretical and experimental studies of crystallization process in
   binary and multicomponent amorphous alloys at continuous heating and
   isothermal annealing are carried out. As shown, the addition of
   high-temperature alloying elements (Mo, Co, Mn, Nb, Si) to 'base' binary
   systems broadens the interval of thermal stability by 100-150 K and
   increases the temperature of complete crystallization by 100 K in
   comparison with 'base' systems.
Z8 0
ZR 0
TC 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z9 0
SN 1024-1809
UT WOS:000189386800006
ER

PT J
AU Lee, KS
   Kim, SK
   Kortright, JB
TI Atomic-scale depth selectivity of soft x-ray resonant Kerr effect
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
VL 83
IS 18
BP 3764
EP 3766
DI 10.1063/1.1622123
PD NOV 3 2003
PY 2003
AB By the use of resonant soft x-ray Kerr rotation measurements with its
   varying incident angle and energy, we observed various shifts of the
   exchange bias field of a 3.5-nm-thick Co layer in oppositely
   exchange-biased Ni81Fe19/Fe50Mn50/Co/Pd films. The results in
   conjunction with their model simulations clearly reveal that the
   measurements enable one to resolve varying magnetization with depth in
   the individual magnetic layers of such a multicomponent ultrathin
   layered structure on the atomic scales. Significant interference effects
   combined with penetration depth of resonant soft x rays, which are
   closely associated with their absorptive and refractive contributions,
   offer remarkably different depth sensitivities into the Kerr effects
   depending on grazing angle and resonance energy. (C) 2003 American
   Institute of Physics.
RI Kim, Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z8 1
TC 21
ZR 0
Z9 22
SN 0003-6951
UT WOS:000186256300040
ER

PT J
AU Al-Ganainy, GS
   Sakr, MS
TI New multicomponent solder alloys of low melting point for low-cost
   commercial electronic assembly
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH
VL 199
IS 2
BP 177
EP 185
DI 10.1002/pssa.200306643
PD SEP 2003
PY 2003
AB The requirements of the telecommunications, automobile, electronics and
   aircraft industries for non-toxic solders with melting points close to
   that of near-eutectic Pb-Sn alloys has led to the development of new
   Sn-Zn-In solder alloys. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) shows
   melting points of 198, 195, 190 and 185 +/- 2 degreesC for the alloys
   Sn-9Zn, Sn-9Zn-21n, Sn-9Zn-4In and Sn-9Zn-6In, respectively. An equation
   that fits the data relating the melting point to the In content in the
   solders is derived. The X-ray diffraction patterns are analyzed to
   determine the phases that exist in each solder. The stress-strain curves
   are studied in the temperature range from 90 to 130 degreesC for all the
   solders except for those that contain 4 wt% of In, where the temperature
   range continues to 150 degreesC. The work-hardening parameters, sigma(y)
   (the yield stress), sigma(f) (the fracture stress), and the parabolic
   work-hardening coefficient X, increase with increasing indium content in
   the solders at all working temperatures. They decrease with increasing
   working temperature for each solder, and show two relaxation stages only
   for the Sn-9Zn-4In solder around a temperature of 120 degreesC. (C) 2003
   WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Z8 1
ZB 0
TC 1
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 2
SN 0031-8965
UT WOS:000185723300003
ER

PT J
AU Sudakar, C
   Subbanna, GN
   Kutty, TRN
TI Wet chemical synthesis of multicomponent hexaferrites by
   gel-to-crystallite conversion and their magnetic properties
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
VL 263
IS 3
BP 253
EP 268
DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01572-X
PD JUL 2003
PY 2003
AB The hexaferrites of different compositions from the BaO-NiO-Fe2O3
   ternary phase diagram were prepared by a wet chemical process of
   gel-to-crystallite conversion. Herein, the coprecipitated reactive gels
   of hydrated nFe(OH)(3) . p-Ni(OH)(2) . xH(2)O; 70<x<110 with n = 12-36
   and p = 0-2 were reacted with mBa(OH)(2) . 8H(2)O (m = 0-4) in aqueous
   ethanol medium at 80degreesC yielding the precursors of the general
   formula BamFenNipOq(OH)(r) . sH(2)O (q = 13-35; r = 6-50; s = 5-30)
   which are crystalline by electron diffraction. Dehydroxylation of the
   precursor is accomplished by continuous weight loss as evidenced from
   thermogravimetry and is complete at similar to650degreesC by isothermal
   conditions. Differential thermal analysis showed exothermic peaks
   arising from the recrystallization followed by grain growth of the
   particles at similar to750degreesC. Direct phase evolution of
   hexaferrites are evidenced from X-ray diffraction studies. Monophasic
   nanoparticles of hexaferrites were obtained on heat-treating the
   precursor at 850degreesC. HREM of these crystallites show defect-free,
   regular, coherent growth of structural blocks. The evolution of para- to
   ferrimagnetic phase on heat-treatment is continuous and is through the
   superparamagnetic state. This is associated with a continuous increase
   in magnetization with heat-treatment temperature. Samples heat-treated
   below 850degreesC show diffuse magnetic transition near T-c, which
   results from the intergrowths observed in the lattices. Hysteresis loop
   for various compositions showed significant differences from hard
   ferrite characteristics for M-phase (sigma(s) = 52 emu/g; H-c = 4520 Oe)
   to soft ferrite (sigma(s) = 25.5 emu/g; H-c = 205 Oe) for Y-phase.
   Crystallographic domains of complex stacking sequences such as YMYM4,
   M2SM3S, MMYY, etc. are observed when the hexaferrites are heat-treated
   above 1350degreesC. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
RI Sudakar, Chandran/A-6067-2008; Sudakar, C./A-3393-2013
OI Sudakar, C./0000-0003-2863-338X
Z8 2
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
TC 62
Z9 64
SN 0304-8853
UT WOS:000184038400003
ER

PT J
AU Suzuki, S
   Miyata, T
   Minami, T
TI p-type semiconducting Cu2O-CoO thin films prepared by magnetron
   sputtering
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
VL 21
IS 4
BP 1336
EP 1341
DI 10.1116/1.1580491
PD JUL-AUG 2003
PY 2003
AB The preparation by magnetron sputtering of p-type semiconducting thin
   films consisting Of a multicomponent oxide composed of Cu oxide and Co
   oxide is described. The electrical, optical, and crystallographical
   properties of films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering using
   (Cu2O)(1-x) (CoO)(x) powder targets were strongly dependent on not only
   the deposition condition but also the calcination, condition as well as
   the COO content of the targets. These properties drastically changed in
   films prepared with a COO content around 90 mol %. All prepared films,
   i.e., COO content in the range from 0 to 100 mol %, were found to be p
   type, or positive hole conductors, as evidenced from the Seebeck effect:
   Resistivities in the range from 10(3) to 10(-3) Omega cm. A hole
   concentration on the order of 10(16) cm(-3) and a mobility on the order
   of 10(-1) cm(2)/V S were obtained in an amorphous, multicomponent oxide
   film prepared with a COO content of 50 mol %. Fabricated thin-film pin
   heterojunction diodes consisting of a p-type high-resistance
   multicomponent oxide combined with undoped ZnO and n-type Al-doped ZnO
   exhibited a rectifying current-voltage characteristic. (C) 2003 American
   Vacuum Society.
CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society
CY NOV 03-08, 2002
CL DENVER, COLORADO
SP Amer Vacuum Soc
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 19
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 19
SN 0734-2101
UT WOS:000184409200085
ER

PT J
AU Hu, ZF
   Wu, XF
   Wang, CX
TI Coarsening kinetics of multi-component M2C precipitates in secondary
   hardening alloy steels
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA
VL 39
IS 6
BP 585
EP 591
PD JUN 2003
PY 2003
AB When high Co-Ni alloy steels are isothermally tempered at 482 degreeC,
   cementite is precipitated first, and then the needle-shaped carbides of
   M2C begin to precipitate in a coherent way with martensitic ferrite
   matrix after 30 min. This coherent:relationship can be hold as long as
   10 h, and tends to be lost when the steels are overaged with increasing
   tempering time. High resolution electron microscopy investigation shows
   that the size of M2C precipitates increases with tempering time
   following the relationship r(2) proportional to t, and this relationship
   c an be confirmed by other studies in some similar alloy steels, which
   obviously deviates from the classical theory of LSW for
   diffusion-controlled coarsening of precipitate particles in binary
   solutions. This result might be related to the multicomponent diffusion
   system as well as the morphology of the precipitates. It indicates that
   the classical theory cannot be used properly to describe the coarsening
   behavior of multi-component carbides even the coarsening controlled by
   volume diffusion. With a view of the needle shaped precipitates and two
   or more solutes diffusion, a model for the coarsening rate of the
   precipitates with time has been derived, which is well consistent with
   the observed results.
ZR 0
Z8 14
ZB 0
TC 6
ZS 0
Z9 17
SN 0412-1961
UT WOS:000183958400006
ER

PT J
AU Seo, CY
   Choi, SJ
   Choi, J
   Park, CN
   Lee, JY
TI Effect of V and Zr on the electrochemical properties of La-based
   AB(5)-type metal hydride electrodes
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 351
IS 1-2
BP 255
EP 263
AR PII S0925-8388(02)01042-3
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(02)01042-3
PD MAR 10 2003
PY 2003
AB In this paper, investigation has been carried out to find the effects of
   V- or Zr-addition and fluorination on the discharge capacity of
   AB(5)-type alloy with a multicomponent La-Ni-Al-Co-Mn-M-y (M=V, Zr;
   y=0.0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) system. Spectral studies have been
   made by EDS and SEM, and the crystal structure was also determined by
   XRD. In order to calculate the hydrogen storage capacity, the
   pressure-composition isotherms (PCT curves) were utilized. The metal
   hydride electrode was also used as a galvanostatic cycling test. As the
   amount of added V or Zr is increased, the portion of the second phase is
   also increased gradually, but the crystal structure, CaCu5-type Laves
   phase, is not changed. But, in the matrix, the main component is Ni, in
   one of the major phases the main component is La and in another minor
   phase the main component is V or Zr. It has been confirmed that the
   addition of V or Zr causes improvement in the discharge capacity (Zr,
   yless than or equal to0.05; V, yless than or equal to0.1) and the
   cyclability (Zr, yless than or equal to0.05; V, yless than or equal
   to0.1) up to 200 cycles. However, adding more than y=0.2 has some
   significant effect on these properties. Generally, V-containing alloys
   may have many second phases of a round shape appearing in dispersed form
   in the matrix, while Zr-containing alloys' second phases appear with a
   plate or needle-like shape. La-rich particles precipitated along
   boundaries of the second phases which can act as sites of preferred
   hydrogen absorption, to increase the discharge capacity. In addition,
   many micro-cracks are formed around the La-rich particles at the surface
   of the La-rich particle itself. Therefore, such second phases are
   considered as catalytic sites for hydrogen penetration, surface
   reaction, initial activation and change transfer properties. (C) 2002
   Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z8 10
TC 33
Z9 35
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:000181148200048
ER

PT J
AU Seo, CY
   Choi, SJ
   Choi, J
   Park, CN
   Lee, PS
   Lee, JY
TI The influence of titanium on the electrochemical properties of the
   AB(5)-type metal hydrides
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 350
IS 1-2
BP 324
EP 331
AR PII S0925-8388(02)00994-5
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00994-5
PD FEB 17 2003
PY 2003
AB AB(5)-type intermetallic compounds were prepared by arc-melting in argon
   atmosphere. The composition of a stoichiometric compound
   LaNi3.6Al0.4Co0.7Mn0.3 with a hexagonal CaCu5 structure was varied by
   stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric addition of Ti. With the increase
   of the Ti yless than or equal to0.05 content in
   LaNi3.6Al0.4Co0.7Mn0.3Tiy, the hydrogen storage capacity is enhanced,
   whereas when y=0.1-0.3, it is decreased. The discharge capacity and
   cyclability are increased considerably by addition of titanium in the
   range of 0.02-0.1 with a maximum value at about 0.1%. The highest
   maximum capacity is achieved for a nonstoichiometric addition of 0.05%
   Ti. The kinetic properties are also additionally improved by the
   formation of a titanium-rich second phase. This can explain the
   improvement of the capacity for alloys with low Ti content. The decrease
   in capacity for high Ti content was also correlated with the amount of
   the Ti-rich phase. Therefore, the improvement of kinetics are due to the
   catalytic effect, grain boundary diffusion effect or more pronounced
   alloy pulverization upon cycling. This study has been aimed to improve
   the electrode properties of a series of multicomponent
   LaNi3.6Al0.4Co0.7Mn0.3Tiy (y=0.0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys
   which have mutual complementary properties. All the prepared alloys have
   been subjected to analyses by EDS, SEM and XRD. In order to determine
   the hydrogen storage capacity, the pressure composition isotherms (P-C-T
   curves) have been used. The metal hydride electrodes were characterized
   by galvanostatic cycling test. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
   reserved.
ZR 0
TC 11
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z8 2
Z9 12
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:000180890000051
ER

PT J
AU Bocardo, JCE
   Cervantes, LCP
   Donizak, J
   Kolenda, Z
TI Numerical modeling and experimental investigation of Co-Cr-Mo alloys
   solidification
SO ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY
VL 48
IS 1
BP 53
EP 73
PD 2003
PY 2003
AB Solidification modeling based on classical macroscopic energy, mass,
   momentum and solute continuity equations does not allow to predict of
   microstructural parameters satisfactorily. In past decades several
   attemps have been made for the developing of modelling methodology for
   the coupling macro transport equations with the transformation kinetics
   in the micro scale. The micromodeling focused to the multicomponent
   alloys is still rare, despite the majority of the new industrial alloys
   are formed from complex multicomponent systems. The paper presents the
   micromodeling procedure coupled with thermodynamic calculation and
   experimental investigations for the Co-Cr-Mo alloys, frequently used as
   biomaterials for the production of endoprotheses. Both, experimental and
   numerical results showed that: the grain structure is mainly influenced
   by the cooling rate, the partition coefficients exhibit significant
   dependency on the cooling rate (especially for molybdenum), the high
   cooling rate promotes early formation of fine intragranular carbides.
   The experimentally obtained values of latent heat of solidification
   exhibit important dependency on the initial carbon content, and cannot
   be ignored in solidification simulations. The solidification modeling
   results have been verified using cooling curve analysis and
   metallografic investigations. It seems, that the model can be used in
   engineering applications for solidification simulations.
RI Kolenda, Zygmunt Sz/S-4367-2018; Escobedo-Bocardo, Jose C./
OI Kolenda, Zygmunt Sz/0000-0001-7424-4436; Escobedo-Bocardo, Jose
   C./0000-0002-1481-4190
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 1
Z8 0
Z9 1
SN 0860-7052
UT WOS:000182221700005
ER

PT J
AU Locatelli, C
   Torsi, G
TI Voltammetric determination of metals in copper alloys at trace and
   ultratrace concentrations
SO COLLECTION OF CZECHOSLOVAK CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
VL 68
IS 8
BP 1437
EP 1448
DI 10.1135/cccc20031437
PD 2003
PY 2003
AB The present work describes the analytical procedures for the
   voltammetric determination of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Sn, Sb and
   Bi in copper alloys. The possibility of determining simultaneously metal
   concentrations in the case of interference of the voltammetric signals
   due to the peak overlapping is also highlighted and discussed. The
   analytical procedure was verified by the analysis of the standard
   reference materials: commercial bronze A NIST-SRM 1115, gunmetal BCS-CRM
   207/2, high tensile brass BCS-CRM 390. Precision and accuracy, expressed
   as relative standard deviation and relative error, respectively, were in
   all cases lower than 6%. The limits of detection for each element were
   also reported.
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 2
Z9 2
SN 0010-0765
UT WOS:000184538600006
ER

PT J
AU Chen, GL
   Hui, XD
   Fan, SW
   Kou, HC
   Yao, KF
TI Concept of chemical short range order domain and the glass forming
   ability in multicomponent liquid
SO INTERMETALLICS
VL 10
IS 11-12
BP 1221
EP 1232
AR PII S0966-9795(02)00129-2
DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00129-2
PD NOV-DEC 2002
PY 2002
AB The concept of multicomponent chemical short-range order (MCSRO) domain
   is systematically developed by the experimental investigation of
   Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Al bulk metallic glass (BMG) and thermodynamic modeling and
   calculation. The existence of MCSRO domains in Zr-based BMG is verified
   by the observations of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy
   (HRTEM) images and the analysis of nano-beam electron diffraction
   patterns. The size of the nano-beam used in this work is 0.5 nm in
   diameter. Thermodynamic evaluation of the melt composed of
   multiple-MCSRO domains and glass-forming ability (GFA) based on the
   concept of MCSRO domains has also been conducted. It is indicated that
   the thermodynamic calculation of the GFA based on MCSRO model is
   consistent with the experimental data of crystallization activation
   energy and glass transition temperature for Ni-Zr and Zr-Cu binary
   alloys, and with supercooled liquid region (DeltaT(x)) for Zr-Ni-Al
   ternary alloy. The existence of MCSRO domain lowers the free energy of
   the melt (DeltaG(MCSRO)), resulting in a large undercooling and a larger
   energy barrier to the nucleation of a critical crystalline nucleus.
   Large DeltaG(MCSRO), low melting point as well as co-existence of
   multiple MCSRO domains are valid criterion for the valuation of GFA. (C)
   2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
CT 2nd International Conference on Bulk Metallic Glasses
CY MAR 24-28, 2002
CL CHILUNG, TAIWAN
RI Hui, Xidong/A-5377-2009; KOU, Hongchao/
OI KOU, Hongchao/0000-0003-4960-9477
TC 41
Z8 16
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 49
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
UT WOS:000180002100026
ER

PT J
AU Li, X
   Saunders, N
   Miodownik, AP
TI The coarsening kinetics of gamma ' particles in nickel-based alloys
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 33
IS 11
BP 3367
EP 3373
DI 10.1007/s11661-002-0325-9
PD NOV 2002
PY 2002
AB The present article describes a method for calculating the coarsening
   rate of gamma' in Ni-based superalloys, which has been applied to both
   binary Ni-Al alloys and a wide range of multicomponent alloys. A
   standard coarsening equation is utilized, but innovative methods for
   calculating the critical input parameters are presented. The article
   details methods of estimating interfacial energies and the effective
   diffusion coefficients that are key parameters for the coarsening model.
   Self-consistent calculations are made via a computer program in which
   the only input required is the composition of the alloys and the
   temperature of coarsening. The effects of coherent strain on the
   coarsening process have also been analyzed and discussed.
Z8 10
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 1
TC 64
Z9 66
SN 1073-5623
UT WOS:000179189700007
ER

PT J
AU Meyer, A
TI Atomic transport in dense multicomponent metallic liquids
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
VL 66
IS 13
AR 134205
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.134205
PD OCT 1 2002
PY 2002
AB Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 has been investigated in its equilibrium liquid state
   with incoherent, inelastic neutron scattering. As compared to simple
   liquids, liquid Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 is characterized by a dense packing with
   a packing fraction above 0.5. The intermediate scattering function
   exhibits a fast relaxation process that precedes structural relaxation.
   Structural relaxation obeys a time-temperature superposition that
   extends over a temperature range of 540 K. The mode-coupling theory of
   the liquid to glass transition [mode-coupling theory (MCT)] gives a
   consistent description of the dynamics that governs the mass transport
   in liquid Pd-Ni-Cu-P alloys. MCT scaling laws extrapolate to a critical
   temperature T-c at about 20% below the liquidus temperature.
   Diffusivities derived from the mean relaxation times compare well with
   Co diffusivities from recent tracer diffusion measurements and
   diffusivities calculated from viscosity via the Stokes-Einstein
   relation. In contrast to simple metallic liquids, the atomic transport
   in dense, liquid Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 is characterized by a drastic slowing
   down of dynamics on cooling and a q(-2) dependence of the mean
   relaxation times at intermediate q as a result of a highly collective
   transport mechanism. At temperatures as high as 2T(c) diffusion in
   liquid Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 is as fast as that in simple liquids at the
   melting point. However, the difference in the underlying atomic
   transport mechanism indicates that the diffusion mechanism in liquids is
   not controlled by the value of the diffusivity but rather by that of the
   packing fraction.
RI Meyer, Andreas/F-6260-2013
ZR 0
Z8 5
ZB 1
TC 95
ZS 0
Z9 99
SN 1098-0121
UT WOS:000179067900057
ER

PT J
AU Ghosh, G
   Olson, GB
TI The isotropic shear modulus of multicomponent Fe-base solid solutions
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 50
IS 10
BP 2655
EP 2675
AR PII S1359-6454(02)00096-4
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00096-4
PD JUN 12 2002
PY 2002
AB A critical analysis of the available experimental data for the effect of
   alloying elements on the isotropic shear modulus of bcc (body-centered
   cube) Fe-X (X=Al, Be, C, Co, Cr, Ge, Ir, Mn, Ni, Pt, Re, Rh, Ru, Si and
   V) solid solutions is carried out. The total effect of a solute on the
   shear modulus is decomposed into two contributions: the electronic (or
   chemical) and the volumetric. A systematic trend of the electronic
   contribution is demonstrated as a function of electron-to-atom (e/a)
   ratio and the ground-state electronic configuration of the solute atom.
   Based on the demonstrated trend, we predict the chemical contribution of
   the shear modulus of Cu, Mo, N, Nb. Ti and W in ferromagnetic alpha-Fe
   (bcc), and that of Ti and V in paramagnetic gamma-Fe [face-centered cube
   (fcc)]. These along with the corresponding volumetric contributions
   enable us to predict the total effect of a solute on the shear modulus
   in alpha-Fe and gamma-Fe. In the case of gamma-Fe, we derive the
   chemical and volumetric contributions of Ni and Pt from the experimental
   shear modulus data of paramagnetic Fe-Ni and Fe-Pt alloys while those of
   C, Co, Cr, Mn. Mo, N and Si are derived front the shear modulus of
   paramagnetic Fe-Ni-X alloys. In the case of Al. Be, Cu, Ge, Ir, Nb, Re,
   Rh, Ru and W, the total effect oil the shear modulus is calculated by
   assuming that the electronic contribution to the shear modulus in
   gamma-Fe is the same as in alpha-Fe. To calculate the isotropic shear
   modulus of multicomponent bcc and fcc solid Solutions, we propose linear
   superposition laws. The proposed relationships are validated using the
   experimental data of a large number of multi-component alloys having
   austenitic, ferritic, and lath martensitic microstructures. It is
   demonstrated that for all three microstructures. in most cases the shear
   modulus can be predicted with an accuracy of +/-3% in multicomponent
   solid solutions. It is also found that the high dislocation density in
   lath martensite accounts for a decrease in shear modulus by about 5%
   compared to the ferritic counterpart. We also demonstrate that the
   temperature dependence of shear modulus in multicomponent bee and fcc
   solid solutions is similar to that of pure alpha- and gamma-Fe.
   respectively, for up to about 800 K. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc.
   Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
RI Ghosh, Gautam/B-7517-2009; Olson, Gregory B/B-7529-2009
ZR 0
TC 105
ZB 1
ZS 0
Z8 1
Z9 106
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000176432500015
ER

PT J
AU Liu, YJ
   Chang, ITH
TI The correlation of microstructural development and thermal stability of
   mechanically alloyed multicomponent Fe-Co-Ni-Zr-B alloys
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 50
IS 10
BP 2747
EP 2760
AR PII S1359-6454(02)00118-0
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00118-0
PD JUN 12 2002
PY 2002
AB The microstructural evolution of multicomponent Fe70-x-yCoxNiyZr10B20 (x
   = 0, 7, 21: y = 7, 14, 21, 28) alloys during mechanical alloying (MA)
   has been studied using XRD. SEM and TEM. Mixtures of elemental and
   pre-alloyed powders have been transformed initially into the single
   supersaturated bcc alpha-Fe solid solution phase for the alloys
   investigated. Subsequently, an amorphous phase has been obtained in
   Co-free alloys and Co-containing alloys with high Ni/Co ratios of 1 and
   3. However, no amorphous phase was detected in another Co-containing
   alloy with a lower Ni/Co ratio (e.g. 0.33). The thermal stability of the
   as-milled powders has been investigated by a combination of DSC and the
   Pendulum magnetometer experiments. The DSC studies provide information
   on the thermodynamics and kinetics of crystallization of amorphous
   structure as a function of alloying contents. The Pendulum magnetometer
   studies reveal the phase transformation from nanocrystalline bcc
   alpha-Fe solid solution to amorphous structure during MA and the
   thermomagnetization behavior of the as-milled powder. (C) 2002 Acta
   Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
TC 30
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z8 2
ZR 0
Z9 31
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000176432500022
ER

PT J
AU Broz, P
   Bursik, J
   Picha, R
TI Theoretical and experimental study of the gamma and gamma ' equilibrium
   in the Ni-Al-Cr-Co system
SO INTERMETALLICS
VL 10
IS 6
BP 635
EP 639
AR PII S0966-9795(02)00044-4
DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00044-4
PD JUN 2002
PY 2002
AB Several alloys of the Ni-Al-Cr-Co system with constant Ni content of 70
   at.% were studied after long term annealing at 1000 degreesC by means of
   analytical electron microscopy in the concentration interval relevant to
   the gamma and gamma' phase field existence. The coexistence of gamma and
   gamma' phases, their compositions and phase ratios were compared with
   theoretical data obtained by means of the software 'Thermo-Calc'
   designed for modelling of phase equilibria in multicomponent systems.
   The necessary thermodynamic database was constructed on the base of
   information available for lower order systems. This approach is well
   established and it has been successfully applied in our previous study
   of similar quaternary alloys annealed at 900 degreesC. The new results
   show good agreement of theory with experiment and confirm that the
   developed thermodynamic database is suitable for theoretical description
   of gamma and gamma' equilibrium in the Ni-Al-Cr-Co system. (C) 2002
   Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
RI Bursik, Jiri/B-8684-2013
OI Bursik, Jiri/0000-0002-6749-9788
Z8 1
TC 10
ZS 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 10
SN 0966-9795
UT WOS:000176660000010
ER

PT J
AU Ghosh, G
   Olson, GB
TI Precipitation of paraequilibrium cementite: Experiments, and
   thermodynamic and kinetic modeling
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 50
IS 8
BP 2099
EP 2119
AR PII S1359-6454(02)00054-X
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00054-X
PD MAY 8 2002
PY 2002
AB The precipitation of cementite prior to the precipitation of the
   strengthening M2C phase is investigated using two model ultra-high
   strength (UHS) steels. The structure, microstructure and chemical
   composition of cementite are studied by analytical electron microscopy
   techniques. The structure of cementite precipitated during early stages
   of tempering at 755 and 783 K was confirmed by convergent beam electron
   diffraction. In an alloy containing 0.16 mass% C, the cementite
   particles were primarily plate shaped and interlath type, whereas in an
   alloy containing 0.247 mass% C both inter- and intralath particles were
   observed. Consistent with the earlier studies on tempering of Fe-C
   martensite, lattice imaging of cementite suggests microsyntactic
   intergrowth of M5C2 (Hagg carbide). Quantification of the substitutional
   elements in cementite confirms its paraequilibrium state with ferrite at
   the very early stage of tempering. Computational thermodynamic and
   kinetic tools, Thermo-Cale and DICTRA (Diffusion controlled
   TRAnsformation) software. respectively. are used to model the
   precipitaton of paraequilibrium cementite in several multicomponent
   alloys. A thermodynamic model parameter describing the effect of Si on
   the stability of cementite is proposed. The model parameter is
   consistent with the following results: (a) that Si does not partition to
   cementite in Fe-Si-C and Co-Si-C alloys under orthoequilibrium
   conditions, and (b) there is a large driving force for the precipitation
   of paraequilibrium cementite in an Fe-0.41C-3Mn-2Si alloy where it has
   been experimentally verified. The nucleation driving forces for the
   precipitation of paraequilibrium cementite, and the two-phase (ferrite
   and cementite) paraequilibrium boundaries for multicomponent alloys are
   calculated using the Thero-Calc software systems. The results of growth
   simulations of cementite under paraequilibrium condition in
   multicomponent systems using the DICTRA software are also presented. (C)
   2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
   reserved.
RI Olson, Gregory B/B-7529-2009; Ghosh, Gautam/B-7517-2009
Z8 9
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 81
Z9 84
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000175760200015
ER

PT J
AU Goldfarb, I
   Briggs, GAD
TI Analysis of complex heterogeneous surfaces by bias-dependent scanning
   tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED
   TECHNOLOGY
VL 91
SI SI
BP 115
EP 119
AR PII S0921-5107(01)00956-4
DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(01)00956-4
PD APR 30 2002
PY 2002
AB In this work we present analysis of various multicomponent surfaces,
   such as Si-Ge, Co-Ge and Co-Si, by combined bias-deperident scanning
   tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). Using the STM's
   capability for surface visualization with sub-nanometer resolution, and
   STS's capability to provide information directly linked to the surface
   density of states of these sub-nanometer regions, we were able to
   distinguish between such dissimilar nano-regions, some of which could
   only be revealed by bias-dependent STM imaging. The work emphasizes the
   need for a wider theoretical support in interpreting tunneling images
   and spectra. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
CT 9th International Conference on Defects: Recognition, Imaging and
   Physics in Semiconductors (DRIP IX)
CY SEP 24-28, 2001
CL RIMINI, ITALY
RI Briggs, G Andrew D/A-6890-2011
OI Briggs, G Andrew D/0000-0003-1950-2097
TC 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
Z9 0
SN 0921-5107
UT WOS:000174864400025
ER

PT J
AU Tsui, F
   Ryan, PA
TI Combinatorial molecular beam epitaxy synthesis and characterization of
   magnetic alloys
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
VL 189
IS 3-4
BP 333
EP 338
AR PII S0169-4332(01)01020-0
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(01)01020-0
PD APR 28 2002
PY 2002
AB We have employed combinatorial approach to explore molecular beam
   epitaxy synthesis and characterization of multicomponent magnetic
   alloys. Structural evolution was studied in situ using scanning
   reflection high-energy electron diffraction and magnetic properties were
   probed using magneto-optic imaging and SQUID magnetometry. Results from
   a ternary system of CoMnGe are presented. These alloys exhibit a rich
   variety of magnetic and magneto-optic behavior, including a robust phase
   near Co0.4Mn0.4Ge0.2 with high-spin polarization, high T-c and high
   magneto-optic response. The observed magnetic responses show strong
   correlation with structural trans formations such that structural
   ordering and symmetry change can give rise to enhanced magnetic and
   magneto-optic interactions. The observed magnetism in these alloys and
   their compatibility with Ge substrates make them potential candidates
   for spin electronic transport studies and applications. (C) 2002
   Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
CT 1st Japan/USA Workshop on Combinatorial Materials Science and Technology
CY OCT 01-03, 2000
CL MAUI, HAWAII
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 16
Z8 3
ZB 4
Z9 17
SN 0169-4332
UT WOS:000176733600026
ER

PT J
AU Campbell, CE
   Boettinger, WJ
   Kattner, UR
TI Development of a diffusion mobility database for Ni-base superalloys
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 50
IS 4
BP 775
EP 792
AR PII S1359-6454(01)00383-4
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00383-4
PD FEB 25 2002
PY 2002
AB For the fcc phase of the Ni-Al-Co-Cr-Hf-Mo-Re-Ta-Ti-W system, diffusion
   data in various constituent binary systems were assessed to establish a
   multicomponent diffusion mobility database. The diffusion assessment
   relied on an existing thermodynamic database for the calculation of
   needed thermodynamic factors. The mobilities determined for the
   self-diffusion of the components in the fcc phase (a metastable state
   for some components) were consistent with the correlation of the
   diffusivity with the melting point. The general agreement of calculated
   and measured diffusion coefficients in the Ni-Co-Cr-Mo and Ni-Al-Cr-Mo
   quaternary systems demonstrated the ability of the database to
   extrapolate to higher order systems. Finally, the mobility database, in
   conjunction with an available thermodynamic database and a
   finite-difference diffusion code. was used to simulate a multicomponent
   diffusion couple between two commercial Ni-base superalloys. (C) 2002
   Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
   reserved.
TC 270
ZR 0
ZB 3
ZS 0
Z8 18
Z9 280
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000173946600010
ER

PT J
AU Ma, LQ
   Wang, LM
   Zhang, T
   Inoue, A
TI Bulk glass formation of Ti-Zr-Hf-Cu-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni) alloys
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
VL 43
IS 2
BP 277
EP 280
DI 10.2320/matertrans.43.277
PD FEB 2002
PY 2002
AB The glass-forming ability of Ti-Zr-Hf-Cu-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni) alloys was
   examined by melt-spinning and copper mold casting methods. New
   Ti20Zr20Hf20Cu20Ni20 bulk glassy rod of 1.5 mm in diameter was formed by
   copper mold casting. The T-x and T-g of the glassy rod were 711 K and
   658 K and T-g/T-m was 0.57. The bulk glassy alloy can be characterized
   by equal concentration of constituent elements without distinct host
   component. It is confirmed that more multicomponent classy systems have
   a better glass-forming ability as compared with simpler alloy systems.
   The glassy alloy rod also exhibits good mechanical properties which are
   similar to those for ordinary glassy alloys. The finding of this alloy
   system may provide a new synthesis method of bulk glassy alloys.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015; Zhang, Tao/O-4911-2014
TC 97
Z8 6
ZB 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 98
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
UT WOS:000174931700033
ER

PT B
AU Belova, IV
   Murch, GE
BE Fisher, DJ
TI Determination of atom-vacancy exchange-frequency ratios from
   experimental intrinsic diffusivities in disordered binary and ternary
   alloys
SO DEFECTS AND DIFFUSION IN METALS: AN ANNUAL RETROSPECTIVE IV
SE DEFECT AND DIFFUSION FORUM
VL 203-2
BP 125
EP 130
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.203-205.125
PD 2002
PY 2002
AB An exact relationship between intrinsic diffusivities and the
   atom-vacancy exchange frequencies has been found recently by the authors
   for the multicomponent random alloy. In this paper we employ this
   relationship in order to analyse the measured intrinsic diffusivities
   examined: to determine ratios of exchange frequencies cross section of
   concentrated binary and ternary disordered alloys. The binary systems
   are Ag-Cd, Ni-Fe, Zr-U, Ni-Cu and Co-Ni alloys, the ternary systems
   examined are Co-Cr-Ni, Cu-Mn-Zn and Ag-Cd-Zn alloys.
CT Summer School on Mechanical Spectroscop Q-1
CY 2001
CL AUSSOIS, FRANCE
OI Murch, Graeme/0000-0002-6259-1796; Belova, Irina/0000-0002-9828-4050
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 2
Z9 2
BN 3-908450-69-1
UT WOS:000175228400007
ER

PT J
AU Chen, Y
   Sequeira, CAC
   Song, XY
   Neto, R
   Wang, QD
TI Polytypism of La-Ni phases in multicomponent AB(5) type hydride
   electrode alloys
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
VL 27
IS 1
BP 63
EP 68
DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(01)00088-X
PD JAN 2002
PY 2002
AB The microstructure of multi-component AB(5) type alloy Ml(NiCoAl)(5)
   (Ml, Lanthanum riched misch rare earth metal) has been characterized
   using transmission electron microscopy, high resolution electron
   microscopy and energy dispersive spectrum analysis. The intermetallic
   phases Ml(5)(NiCoAl)(19) of Ce5Ni19 (hexagonal 2H) type and
   Ml(2)(NiCoAl)(7) phase of La2Ni7 type with two kinds of polytypes
   (modifications) are found for the first time to exist as equilibrium
   phases in stoichiometric MI-Ni-Co-Al alloys after arc melting. All of
   the polytypes existing in the multicomponent alloys keep well-defined
   orientation relationship with the AB(5) type matrix expressed as the
   [0-10](CaCu5)\ \ [0-10](polytype) and (001)(CaCu5)\ \ (001)(polytype).
   The misfit dislocations at the interfaces between polytypes structure
   and parent alloy matrix were clearly observed in high resolution
   electron microscopy (HREM) image. The possible reasons, which cause the
   formation of the polytypes and the effect of the polytypes on the
   hydrogen absorbing/desorbing properties for the multicomponent alloys
   are discussed. (C) 2001 International Association for Hydrogen Energy.
   Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
RI Sequeira, C.A.C./P-6275-2019; Neto, Rui Pedro da Costa/
OI Sequeira, C.A.C./0000-0001-7556-2858; Neto, Rui Pedro da
   Costa/0000-0003-4300-4733
TC 7
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z9 7
SN 0360-3199
UT WOS:000172739900009
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, JC
   Henry, MF
TI The thermodynamic prediction of phase stability in multicomponent
   superalloys
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
VL 54
IS 1
BP 37
EP 41
DI 10.1007/BF02822603
PD JAN 2002
PY 2002
AB Thermodynamic calculations, which are being performed on a daily basis
   in industrial laboratories such as the General Electric Corporate
   Research and Development Center, have proven to be of great assistance
   in the development of new alloys and the selection of processing
   conditions for existing or new alloys. This article presents an
   evaluation of the state-of-the-art of that capability for nickel-base
   superalloys.
RI Zhao, Ji-Cheng/O-7563-2019; Zhao, Ji-Cheng (JC)/H-4387-2012
OI Zhao, Ji-Cheng/0000-0002-4426-1080; Zhao, Ji-Cheng
   (JC)/0000-0002-4426-1080
Z8 1
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 20
ZS 0
Z9 21
SN 1047-4838
UT WOS:000173443100005
ER

PT J
AU 權益鉉
   宋明燁
TI Improvement in Electrochemical Properties of Zr and Mn-based AB2-type
   Metal Hydrides by the Substitution of Elements
Z1 Zr과 Mn 기초의 AB2형 금속수소화물의 원소치환에 의한 전기화학적 특성 향상
SO Korean Journal of Metal and Materials
S1 대한금속·재료학회지
VL 40
IS 7
BP 784
EP 790
PD 2002
PY 2002
Z8 0
TC 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 0
SN 1738-8228
UT KJD:ART000882709
ER

PT J
AU Frisk, K
   Dumitrescu, L
   Ekroth, M
   Jansson, B
   Kruse, O
   Sundman, B
TI Development of a database for cemented carbides: Thermodynamic modeling
   and experiments
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA
VL 22
IS 6
BP 645
EP 655
DI 10.1361/105497101770332451
PD DEC 2001
PY 2001
AB A new database, for thermodynamic information for cemented carbides has
   been developed. A full description of the alloy system C-Co-N-Nb-Ta-Ti-W
   is presented. The work has involved both thermodynamic evaluations of
   lower order systems and experimental investigations. Full new
   assessments of the quaternary Ti-W-C-N, Ta-W-C-N, and Nb-W-C-N systems
   have been performed, including tests of the influence of model
   parameters on miscibility gaps in higher order systems. A new improved
   description of the Co-W-C system based on new experiments is used in the
   present work.
   The main results of the experimental work are
   measurements of the composition of the cubic carbide in selected
   equilibria;
   measurements of the temperatures of the liq + fcc + WC + gr. and liq +
   fcc + WC + M6C equilibria in the Co-W-C and Co-W-X-C (X = Ti, Ta, Nb)
   systems; and
   measurements of the solubility of Ti, Ta, and Nb in liquid in
   multicomponent alloys.
   The results of the assessments have been implemented into a new
   database. The database has successfully been used in a parallel project
   to simulate the formation of gamma -phase free zones in cemented
   carbides. A few other applications of industrial relevance are
   presented.
OI Frisk, Karin/0000-0001-9407-9140
Z8 6
ZS 0
TC 37
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 41
SN 1054-9714
UT WOS:000172939600008
ER

PT J
AU Koshiba, H
   Inoue, A
TI Preparation and magnetic properties of co-based bulk glassy alloys
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
VL 42
IS 12
BP 2572
EP 2575
DI 10.2320/matertrans.42.2572
PD DEC 2001
PY 2001
AB This paper deals with the formation and soft magnetic properties of
   Co(Fe)-M-B (M = transition Metals) glassy alloys in thin sheet and bulk
   ring forms prepared by single role melt spinning and copper mold casting
   methods. This multicomponent system was found to exhibit a distinct
   glass transition and a wide supercooled liquid region (DeltaT(x))
   exceeding 70 K before crystallization. The high thermal stability of the
   supercooled liquid has enabled us to produce the bulk glassy alloys. The
   Co-Fe-Ta-B alloy samples with a ring form of phi7 mm x phi3 mm, x t1 mm
   consist of a single glassy phase. These bulk amorphous samples exhibit
   excellent soft magnetic properties, which are nearly the same as those
   of the corresponding melt-spun glassy thin sheets: the coercivity (H-c)
   and saturation magnetic flux density (B-s) are 0.25 A/m and 0.49 T,
   respectively. These good soft magnetic properties suggest structural
   homogeneity resulting from its high glass-forming ability. The excellent
   soft magnetic properties are useful for industrial application.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z8 2
ZB 0
TC 28
Z9 29
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
UT WOS:000173669800017
ER

PT J
AU Heilmaier, M
TI Deformation behavior of Zr-based metallic glasses
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
VL 117
IS 3
SI SI
BP 374
EP 380
DI 10.1016/S0924-0136(01)00782-8
PD NOV 23 2001
PY 2001
AB Multi-component bulk Zr-based glassy alloys exhibit a wide supercooled
   liquid region, which provides excellent stability against
   crystallization. Microstructures consisting of a metallic glass matrix
   with crystallite precipitates of different shapes and sizes are
   synthesized. The compressive deformation behavior of metallic glassy
   matrices with and without second-phase precipitates is reviewed. At room
   temperature, fully amorphous alloys exhibit microplasticity without
   significant work hardening. In contrast, alloys with a large volume
   fraction of crystallites introduced either in dendritic form during
   casting or as nano-scaled precipitates during post-annealing of fully
   amorphous structures are brittle. At high temperatures, amorphous and
   partially crystalline alloys exhibit Newtonian viscous flow at low
   strain rates. At both temperatures the deformation behavior is described
   within the framework of the free volume model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science
   B.V. All rights reserved.
CT International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced
   Materials (THERMEC 2000)
CY DEC 04-08, 2000
CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
ZB 1
ZR 1
ZS 0
TC 69
Z8 9
Z9 77
SN 0924-0136
UT WOS:000172803100020
ER

PT J
AU Yoon, KE
   Isheim, D
   Noebe, RD
   Seidman, DN
TI Nanoscale studies of the chemistry of a Rene N6 superalloy
SO INTERFACE SCIENCE
VL 9
IS 3-4
BP 249
EP 255
DI 10.1023/A:1015158728191
PD NOV 2001
PY 2001
AB Atom-probe field-ion microscopy (APFIM) is used to study partitioning of
   the alloying elements between the gamma (FCC) and gamma' (L1(2)) phases
   and their segregation behavior at gamma/gamma' interfaces of a Rene N6
   nickel-based superalloy. The atomic-scale resolution and real space
   reconstruction capability for elemental chemical mapping makes
   three-dimensional atom-probe microscopy especially suitable for
   subnanoscale investigations of complex multicomponent superalloys.
   Concentration profiles of this alloy, obtained from an atom probe
   analysis, reveal the partitioning behavior of the alloying elements in
   Rene N6. As anticipated, the matrix strengtheners, such as Mo and W, are
   partitioned to the gamma (FCC) matrix, while Re segregates at the
   gamma/gamma' interfaces; the Gibbsian interfacial excess of Re is
   determined by both one-dimensional (2.32 atoms nm(-)2) and
   three-dimensional atom-probe microscopies (3.92 atoms nm(-)2) and the
   values obtained are in reasonable agreement.
CT International Conference on Intergranula and Interphase Boundaries
   (iib2001)
CY 2001
CL HAIFA, ISRAEL
RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009; Isheim, Dieter/B-7524-2009
Z8 2
ZR 0
TC 40
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z9 40
SN 0927-7056
UT WOS:000175061000016
ER

PT J
AU Kolomytsev, V
   Babanly, M
   Musienko, R
   Sezonenko, A
   Ochin, P
   Dezellus, A
   Plaindoux, P
   Portier, R
   Vermaut, P
TI Multicomponent TiNi-based shape memory alloys: General considerations
   and selection rules for an initial precursor amorphous state
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV
VL 11
IS PR8
BP 457
EP 462
DI 10.1051/jp4:2001876
PD NOV 2001
PY 2001
AB General considerations, which concern the development of new
   multicomponent shape memory alloys in an initial amorphous state, are
   discussed. The selection rules for the chemical compositions appropriate
   for production of both amorphous and potentially shape memory alloys are
   proposed on a basis of well known three "golden rules" and statements
   regarding the shape memory phenomena. The production and
   characterisation of the "AB"-type series amorphous potentially shape
   memory alloys with "A"=(Ti,Hf,Zr), "B"=(Ni,Cu,Co,Ag,Pd,Al) and the "A:B"
   ratio varied as 45:55, 50:50 and 55:45 are discussed. The material
   structure was followed by X ray diffraction and the thermodynamic
   properties and thermal stability were studied by Differential Scanning
   Calorimetry. Various heat treatments regimes have been explored for the
   formation of appropriate microstructures to demonstrate the shape memory
   property.
CT 8th European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations (ESOMAT2000)
CY SEP 04-08, 2000
CL COMO, ITALY
SP Univ Studi Milano; Univ Studi Milano Bicocca; Inst TemPE Consiglio Nazl
   Ric; INFM; Soc Pirelli; Amministrazione Provinciale Como; Soc Optigen;
   Soc LT Calcoli
RI VERMAUT, Philippe/F-9298-2013
OI VERMAUT, Philippe/0000-0001-6486-0075
ZS 0
Z8 1
ZB 0
TC 14
ZR 0
Z9 15
SN 1155-4339
UT WOS:000173253800077
ER

PT J
AU Zhu, HM
   Sadoway, DR
TI Synthesis of nanoscale particles of Ta and Nb3Al by homogeneous
   reduction in liquid ammonia
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
VL 16
IS 9
BP 2544
EP 2549
DI 10.1557/JMR.2001.0348
PD SEP 2001
PY 2001
AB The analysis of metallothermic reduction as an electronically mediated
   reaction predicted that the particle size of solid product could be
   reduced if the reaction were conducted in a medium that is a mixed
   conductor (ionic and electronic). This prediction was confirmed by
   reacting TaCl5 with sodium, each dissolved in liquid ammonia, to produce
   tantalum powder having an average particle size over an order of
   magnitude finer than the micron-sized powders produced commercially
   today. Metallothermic reduction in a mixed conducting medium has been
   extended to a multicomponent system in order to synthesize nanosized
   powder of Nb3Al by co-reduction of NbCl5 and AlCl3 both dissolved in
   liquid ammonia.
RI Sadoway, Donald/AAE-7708-2019
OI Sadoway, Donald/0000-0003-1978-8654
TC 23
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 4
Z9 26
SN 0884-2914
UT WOS:000170898900014
ER

PT J
AU Song, MY
   Ahn, D
   Kwon, IH
   Chough, SH
TI Development of AB(2)-Type Zr-Ti-Mn-V-Ni-M hydride electrode for Ni-MH
   secondary battery
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
VL 148
IS 9
BP A1041
EP A1044
DI 10.1149/1.1391269
PD SEP 2001
PY 2001
AB A series of multicomponent Zr0.5Ti0.5Mn0.4V0.6Ni0.85M0.15 (M = Fe, Co,
   Cu, Mo, and AI) alloys are prepared and their crystal structure and
   pressure-composition-temperature curves are examined. The
   electrochemical properties of these alloys such as discharge capacity,
   cycling performance, and rate capability are also investigated.
   Zr0.5Ti0.5Mn0.4V0.6Ni0.85M0.15 (M = Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, and Al) alloys have
   predominantly C14 Laves phases multiple phase structure. The alloys with
   M = Co and Fe have relatively larger hydrogen storage capacities. The
   discharge capacities just after activation are relatively large in the
   case of the alloys with M = Co and Fe. They are 226 and 225 mAh/g,
   respectively, at the current density 60 mA/g. The
   Zr0.5Ti0.5Mn0.4V0.6Ni0.85Co0.15 alloy is the best one with a relatively
   large discharge capacity and good cycling performance. The gradual
   increases in the discharge capacities of the alloys with the increase in
   the current density (from 60 to 250 mA/g) are considered to result from
   the spontaneous hydrogen evolution due to an insufficient hydrogen
   overvoltage. During activation Ni-rich and Fe-rich regions form on the
   surface of the Zr0.5Ti0.5Mn0.4V0.6Ni0.85Fe0.15 alloy. They may act as
   active sites for the electrochemical reaction. With the increase in the
   number of charge/discharge cycles for the
   Zr0.5Ti0.5Mn0.4V0.6Ni0.85Fe0.15 alloy, the quantities of the zirconium
   and iron dissolved in the solution increase. (C) 2001 The
   Electrochemical Society.
ZR 0
Z8 2
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 39
Z9 39
SN 0013-4651
UT WOS:000170813000012
ER

PT J
AU Miyazaki, T
TI Computational investigations on the microstructure formation in
   multi-component alloy systems based on the phase field method
SO CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
VL 25
IS 2
BP 231
EP 239
DI 10.1016/S0364-5916(01)00045-1
PD JUN 2001
PY 2001
AB On the basis of the phase field method, the microstructure formation due
   to the phase decomposition is computationally evaluated for the
   multi-component alloy systems of Fe-Al-Co and In-GaAsP by using the
   thermodynamic data related of the systems. The composition dependence of
   atomic interchange energy is taken into account. The elasticity and
   mobility of atoms are assumed to depend on the local order parameters
   such as composition, degree of order and so on. The time-dependent
   morphological changes of the microstructure are demonstrated for the
   formation of modulated structure by spinodal decomposition, strain
   induced morphological changes of precipitates, the order-disorder phase
   transition and so on.
CT Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society (TMS)
CY FEB 12-15, 2001
CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA
SP Minerals Metals Materials Soc
ZS 0
Z8 3
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 2
Z9 4
SN 0364-5916
UT WOS:000171826900008
ER

PT J
AU Ghosh, G
   Olson, GB
TI Computational thermodynamics and the kinetics of martensitic
   transformation
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA
VL 22
IS 3
BP 199
EP 207
DI 10.1361/105497101770338653
PD JUN 2001
PY 2001
AB To assist the science-based design of alloys with martensitic
   microstructure, a multicomponent database kMART (kinetics of MARtensitic
   Transformation) encompassing the components Al, C, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn,
   Mo, N, Nb, Ni, Pd, Re, Si, Ti, V,and W has been developed to calculate
   the driving force for martensitic transformation. Built upon the SSOL
   database of the Thermo-Gale software system, a large number of
   interaction parameters of the SSOL database have been modified, and many
   new interaction parameters, both binary and ternary, have been
   introduced to account for the heat of transformation, T, temperatures,
   and the composition dependence of magnetic properties. The critical
   driving force for face-centered cubic (fcc) --> body-centered cubic
   (bcc) heterogeneous martensitic nucleation in multicomponent alloys is
   modeled as the sum of a strain energy term, a defect-size-dependent
   interfacial energy term, and a composition-dependent interfacial work
   term. Using pur multicomponent thermodynamic database, a model for
   barrierless heterogeneous martensitic nucleation, a model far the
   composition and temperature dependence of the shear modulus, and a set
   of unique interfacial kinetic parameters, we have demonstrated the
   efficacy of predicting the fcc --> bcc martensitic start temperature
   (M-s) in multicomponent alloys with an accuracy of +/- 40 K over a very
   wide composition range.
CT International Symposium on User Aspects of Phase Diagrams (UAPD)
CY SEP 19-21, 2000
CL SENDAI, JAPAN
RI Ghosh, Gautam/B-7517-2009; Olson, Gregory B/B-7529-2009
TC 43
Z8 1
ZB 1
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 44
SN 1054-9714
UT WOS:000169490900004
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, T
   Inoue, A
TI Bulk glassy alloys in (Fe, Co, Ni)-Si-B system
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
VL 42
IS 6
BP 1015
EP 1018
DI 10.2320/matertrans.42.1015
PD JUN 2001
PY 2001
AB Multicomponent Fe75-x-yCOxNiySi8B17 glassy alloys were found to exhibit
   a distinct grass transition, followed by a supercooled liquid region
   before crystallization in a rather wide composition range of 7.5 to 45
   at%Co and 7.5 to 60 at%Ni. The largest value of the supercooled liquid
   region defined by the difference between the glass transition
   temperature (Tg) and crystallization temperature (T-x), DeltaT(x) (=
   T-x- T-g) was 54 K for Fe30Co30Ni15Si8B17 Furthermore, the high reduced
   glass transition temperature (T-g/T-m) above 0.60 was obtained in the
   range of 15 to 30 at%Co and 37.5 to 52.5 at%Ni in the series of
   Fe75-x-yCoxNiySi8B17. The use of Fe30Co30Ni15Si8B17 with a large DeltaT,
   of 54 K and a high T-g/T-m of 0.65 enabled us to produce bulk glassy
   rods with diameters up to 1.2 mm. The T-g, T-x, saturated magnetization
   (4 pi I-s), and coercive force (H-cj) of the as-cast 1.2 mm rod alloy
   are 780 K, 834 K, 0.90 T, and 3.0 A/m, respectively In addition, the
   cast glassy rod exhibits Young's modulus of 110 GPa, compressive
   fracture strength of 2800 MPa and fracture elongation of 1.9%. It is
   noticed that the thermal stability, magnetic properties and mechanical
   properties are nearly the same as those for the melt-spun glassy ribbon.
   The first synthesis of Fe-Si-B base bulk grassy alloys with good soft
   magnetic properties and high mechanical strength is promising for the
   future development as a new type of engineering material.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015; Zhang, Tao/O-4911-2014
ZR 1
Z8 4
ZS 0
TC 30
ZB 0
Z9 34
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
UT WOS:000169993000016
ER

PT J
AU Liu, YJ
   Chang, ITH
   Bowen, P
TI Amorphization and microstructural evolution in multicomponent
   (FeCoNi)(70)Zr10B20 alloy system by mechanical alloying
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
VL 304
SI SI
BP 389
EP 393
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01427-1
PD MAY 31 2001
PY 2001
AB High energy ball milling of a mixture of elemental and prealloyed powder
   for 18-27 h has led to an amorphous structure in the multicomponent
   (Fe1-x-yCoyNix)(70)Zr10B20 (x = 0.1-0.4, y = 0, 0.1, 0.3) alloy system.
   Initially, the starting powder material with mixed crystalline phases
   transformed into an almost single nanocrystalline supersaturated alpha
   -Fe phase after milling for 6 h. Subsequently, the milled powders became
   less crystalline and more amorphous with further increase in milling
   time. Co-free (Fe1-xNix)(70)Zr10B20 (x= 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys and the
   Go-containing (Fe0.6Co0.1Ni0.3)(70)ZR(10)B(20) alloy tend to readily
   transform to amorphous structure after milling for 18 h. But Co-free
   (Fe1-xNix)(70)Zr10B20 (x = 0.3) alloy produced a mixture of
   nanocrystalline boron-rich phase and amorphous phase after milling for
   18 h. However, Go-containing (Fe0.6Co0.3Ni0.1)(70)Zr10B20 and
   (Fe0.8Co0.1Ni0.1)(70)Zr10B20 alloys with a low Ni/Co ratio failed to
   achieve amorphization even after 27 h. For all milled amorphous alloy
   powders, the glass transition temperatures, the onset crystallization
   temperatures lie in 544-577 and 579-619 K range, respectively. The
   supercooled liquid regions varied from 35 to 42 K, and the
   crystallization enthalpies varied from 3.2 to 6.9 kJ mol(-1) with a
   change in Ni/Fe ratio. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
   reserved.
CT 10th International Conference on Rapidly Quenched and Metastable
   Materials (RQ10)
CY AUG 23-27, 1999
CL BANGALORE, INDIA
SP Indian Inst Sci
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z8 2
TC 18
Z9 19
SN 0921-5093
UT WOS:000168457100069
ER

PT J
AU Wang, LB
   Yuan, HT
   Wang, YJ
   Yang, HB
   Li, QD
   Lin, YN
   Zhang, YS
TI Effect of Zn on the hydrogen storage characteristics of multi-component
   AB(5)-type alloys
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 319
IS 1-2
BP 242
EP 246
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(00)01505-X
PD APR 26 2001
PY 2001
AB The mischmetal-based hydrogen storage alloy systems
   MlNi(3.8)Co(0.5)Mn(0.4)Al(0.3)Zn(x) (Ml, La-rich mischmetal; 0<x<0.2)
   have been successfully synthesized by the diffusion method (DM). The
   characteristics of these alloys have been carefully investigated by
   means of XRD; PAT, PCT, EIS and measurement of electrochemical capacity.
   Experimental results show that the unit cell volume becomes larger and
   the point defect density increases strongly due to the diffusion of Zn.
   The presence of Zn decreases the desorption plateau and prevents losing
   the capacity to a certain degree at high discharge current density.
   Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) results show that the
   rate-determining step is the charge-transfer reaction on the
   alloy/electrolyte interface. The charge-transfer resistance of the
   electrode increases with increasing Zn concentration due to the
   formation of an oxide layer and the reduction of active sites on the
   electrode surface. So the concentration of Zn in the allay should be
   limited to below x=0.1. The Zn-free multicomponent AB(5) alloy has also
   been examined for comparison. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
   reserved.
ZS 0
Z8 4
TC 10
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 12
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:000168204900039
ER

PT J
AU Ghosh, G
   Olson, GB
TI Simulation of paraequilibrium growth in multicomponent systems
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 32
IS 3
BP 455
EP 467
DI 10.1007/s11661-001-0062-5
PD MAR 2001
PY 2001
AB A methodology to simulate paraequilibrium (PE) growth in multicomponent
   systems using the DICTRA (Diffusion-Controlled Transformation) software
   is presented. For any given multicomponent system containing
   substitutional and interstitial elements, the basic approach is to
   define a hypothetical element Z, whose thermodynamic and mobility
   parameters are expressed in terms of the weighted average (with respect
   to site fraction) of the thermodynamic parameters and mobilities of the
   substitutional alloying elements. This procedure facilitates the
   calculation of PE phase diagrams and the PE growth simulations directly
   in the Thermo-Gale and DICTRA software, respectively. The results of two
   distinct case studies in multicomponent alloys are presented. In the
   first example, we simulate the isothermal growth of PE cementite in an
   Fe-C-Co-Cr-Mo-Ni secondary hardening steel during tempering. This is of
   practical importance in modeling the carbide precipitation kinetics
   during secondary hardening. In the second example, we have presented the
   results of PE ferrite growth during continuous cooling from an
   intercritical temperature in an Fe-Al-C-Mn-Si low-alloy steel. This is
   of importance to the design of triple-phase steels containing an
   austenite that has optimum stability, to facilitate stress-induced
   transformation under dynamic loading. The results of both simulations
   are in good accord with experimental results. The model calculations do
   not consider any resistive or dissipative forces, such as the
   interfacial energy, strain energy, or solute drag, and, as a result, the
   interface velocities represent an upper limit under the available
   chemical driving force.
RI Olson, Gregory B/B-7529-2009; Ghosh, Gautam/B-7517-2009
Z8 1
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 48
ZB 0
Z9 48
SN 1073-5623
UT WOS:000167303000002
ER

PT J
AU Liu, F
   Yang, GC
   Guo, XF
TI Comparison of microstructure and solidification behavior of rapid
   quenching with bulk undercooled superalloy
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 36
IS 15
BP 3607
EP 3615
DI 10.1023/A:1017932607747
PD 2001
PY 2001
AB Microstructure and solidification behavior in rapid quenching (i.e.,
   gas-atomized powders and melt-spun ribbons) of superalloy have been
   compared with bulk undercooled superalloy. The application of a molten
   salt denucleating technique combined with thermal cycle enables such
   investigation over a wide range of undercooling up to 210 K. The
   microstructure formation has been discussed for both methods of
   solidification with respect to undercooling, nucleation, and
   recalescence as well as recrystallization during post-recalescence.
   Comparison of the observed microstructure and morphologies indicates
   that the melt-spun ribbons and the gas-atomized powders with cooling
   rate above 10(4) K sec(-1) crystallize only after achieving a large
   degree of undercooling, which becomes higher and higher with the
   increase of cooling rate. Furthermore, it should be noted that, grain
   refinements, which play a decisive role in the undercooled as-solidified
   structure, however, result from different sources in the rapid quenching
   process. (C) 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
ZB 0
TC 9
ZS 0
Z8 3
ZR 0
Z9 10
SN 0022-2461
UT WOS:000169748400003
ER

PT J
AU Frykholm, R
   Ekroth, M
   Jansson, B
   Andren, HO
   Agren, J
TI Effect of cubic phase composition on gradient zone formation in cemented
   carbides
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
VL 19
IS 4-6
BP 527
EP 538
DI 10.1016/S0263-4368(01)00043-9
PD 2001
PY 2001
AB Cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with a surface zone depleted of
   hard cubic carbides and enriched in ductile binder phase have been
   studied experimentally using scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
   electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) and transmission electron
   microscopy (TEM). The results are compared with simulations based on a
   solution of the multicomponent diffusion equations, coupled with
   calculations using thermodynamic descriptions of the individual phases.
   The materials in the study are based on WC-Ti(C,N)-Co, WC-Ti(C,N)-NbC-Co
   and WC-Ti(C,N)-TaC-Co. The surface zone is formed by creating a gradient
   in nitrogen activity in the material, leading to an outward diffusion of
   N. Due to thermodynamical coupling between N and Ti, the outward
   diffusion of N will lead to an inward diffusion of Ti, and a surface
   zone depleted in cubic carbides is formed. Additions of elements like Ta
   or Nb will affect the width of the surface zone. A material with a
   Ta-containing cubic phase will have a narrower surface zone than a
   material with a Nb-containing cubic phase. Ta or Nb additions also
   affect the distribution of the different phases in and adjacent to the
   surface zone. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
CT 7th International Conference on the Science of Hard Materials (ICSHM7)
CY MAR 05-09, 2001
CL IXTAPA, MEXICO
SP Kennametal Inc; Sandvik AB; St Gobain Abrasives; Schlumberger; Carpenter
   Adv Ceram
ZB 0
Z8 16
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 35
Z9 45
SN 0263-4368
UT WOS:000173068800037
ER

PT J
AU Eckert, J
   Reger-Leonhard, A
   Weiss, B
   Heilmaier, M
   Schultz, L
TI Bulk nanostructured multicomponent alloys
SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
VL 3
IS 1-2
BP 41
EP 47
DI 10.1002/1527-2648(200101)3:1/2<41::AID-ADEM41>3.0.CO;2-S
PD JAN 2001
PY 2001
AB Bulk nanostructured composite materials can be obtained by partial
   devitrification of slowly cooled bulk glass-forming multicomponent
   metallic glasses or by blending a glassy matrix alloy with insoluble
   second-phase particles by solid state processing. Their properties are
   discussed with respect to the effect of the second phases on the thermal
   stability and on the mechanical properties at room temperature as well
   as at temperatures around the glass-transition temperature, T-g.
   Microhardness measurements at room temperatures reveal a substantial
   increase in the hardness of the composites because of the uniform
   distribution of nanoscale particles in the glossy matrix. Also, there is
   a significant increase in yield strength with increasing volume fraction
   of particles. At elevated temperatures around T-g volume fractions of up
   to 40 vol-% of nanoscaled particles yield no significant change in
   strength as compared with the particle-free material, but the
   deformation behavior of the composites is mainly controlled by the
   Newtonian viscous flow of the glassy matrix phase. This easy-flow
   behavior opens a promising route for shaping complex parts of bulk
   nanostructured composites derived from metallic glasses at moderate
   temperatures and high strain rates.
RI Schultz, Ludwig/B-3383-2010
ZR 0
Z8 1
ZB 0
TC 23
ZS 0
Z9 24
SN 1438-1656
UT WOS:000166924600011
ER

PT J
AU Boccalini, M
   Goldenstein, H
TI Solidification of high speed steels
SO INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS
VL 46
IS 2
BP 92
EP 115
DI 10.1179/095066001101528411
PD 2001
PY 2001
AB High speed steels are ferrous based alloys of the Fe-C-X multicomponent
   system where X represents a group of alloying elements comprising mainly
   Cr, W or Mo, V, and Co. These steels are mainly used for cutting tools,
   since they are characterised by their capacity to retain a high level of
   hardness while cutting metals at high speed. The as cast microstructure
   of high speed steels consists of dendrites surrounded by a more or less
   continuous interdendritic network of eutectic carbides. These are
   observed even under rapid cooling, at rates as high as 10(6) K s(-1).
   The main features of the as cast microstructure are the distribution and
   morphology of eutectic carbides, owing to their decisive influence on
   mechanical properties, and on the service performance of the high speed
   steels, even after hot working. Hence, the most important improvements
   on the as cast microstructure that have been obtained through progress
   in alloy design concern the type, morphology, and volume fraction of the
   eutectic carbides, while improvements obtained by progress in
   solidification processing are, on the other hand, mostly related to a
   significant reduction in the microstructure scale. The development of
   the microstructure in high speed steels through solidification is
   reviewed, emphasising the effects of the alloy chemical composition and
   of the cooling rate. The formation of the eutectic carbides and the
   techniques used to control their morphology and distribution, both under
   normal and rapid cooling, are discussed. Microstructures obtained
   through surface remelting and surface alloying using laser and electron
   beams are described, and the application of highly alloyed high speed
   steels to the manufacture of cast hot rolling mill rolls is reviewed.
RI Boccalini Junior, Mario/D-2046-2019; Goldenstein, Helio/D-4663-2013
OI Boccalini Junior, Mario/0000-0002-7403-3038; Goldenstein,
   Helio/0000-0003-4287-5342
TC 148
ZS 1
Z8 28
ZR 1
ZB 4
Z9 167
SN 0950-6608
UT WOS:000170340100002
ER

PT J
AU Slipchenko, VM
   Koval, YN
   Anikin, YP
   Slipchenko, VN
   Maxyuta, IJ
   Shumeiko, AM
   Kuzmenko, AV
TI Return of biological-inert multicomponent alloys
SO METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII
VL 23
SI SI
BP 78
EP 82
PD 2001
PY 2001
AB The purpose of the present work is studying of possibility of full
   recovery of the medical waste of biologically inert alloys by methods of
   vacuum metallurgy. Possibilities of vacuum induction melting (VIM) and
   electron beam melting (EBM) allow to restore the ISO performance
   characteristics especially inert in the biological ambiance, at cobalt
   scrap alloys remelting. This can by realized in a way: (1) high
   -temperature dissociation of nonmetallic inclusions (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO,
   CrxO(3), ...) by reactions: MexOy = x[MeO] + (y)/O-2(2), and creation of
   the conditions for the products of decomposition remove from molten
   metal; (2) a dissociation reaction acceleration by entering an active
   agent-deoxidize carbon. [MexOy] + y[C] = x[Me] = y CO; (3) chemical
   composition homogenization as a result of intense molten metal stirring
   in crucible. The additional alloying and obtaining of cast branded bars
   are fulfilled by means of repeated remelting in the vacuum-induction
   furnace with following ceramic mold casting, The submitted technological
   scheme permitted to restore the items compiled with ISO standard which
   used in implantation surgery and in the dentistry from scraps.
CT International Meeting on New Materials and New Technologies in New
   Millennium
CY SEP 19-23, 2000
CL CRIMEA, UKRAINE
SP Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Sci & Technol Ctr
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 0
ZB 0
Z8 0
Z9 0
SN 1024-1809
UT WOS:000172082500016
ER

PT J
AU Kolomytsev, V
   Babanly, M
   Musienko, R
   Sezonenko, A
   Ochin, P
   Dezellus, A
   Plaindoux, P
   Portier, R
   Vermaut, P
TI Thermodynamic properties and thermal stability of the multicomponent
   TiNi-based alloy ribbons
SO METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII
VL 23
SI SI
BP 111
EP 123
PD 2001
PY 2001
AB New multicomponent alloys of the 'AB' and Be-'AB'-Y type general series
   with the constituent alloy components varied as 'A'= (Ti, Zr, Nb, Hf)
   and 'B'= (Ni, Cu, Co, Pd, Ag, Al), which are essentially the potential
   shape memory alloys, have been developed in initially amorphous state by
   means of the rapid solidification techniques in CECM/CNRS, Vitry and
   IMPh, N.A.S.U., Kyyiv. Initially bulk amorphous state is needed as the
   precursor for production of nanostructured materials of the complicated
   shape and dimension like wires, tubes or sheets. The main objects of
   this study are mainly TiNi-based shape memory alloys including, first of
   all, TiNiCu-, TiNiZr- and TiNiHf-based alloy systems which were already
   found amorphous in the melt-spun condition. We start with well-known
   ternary Ti32Hf18Ni50, Ti32Zr18Ni50 and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy compositions
   which undergo the reversible martensite transformation with the Af
   temperature equal to similar to + 256 degreesC, similar to + 150
   degreesC and similar to + 90 degreesC, respectively, The material
   structure was controlled by the XRD and TEM/SAD techniques, while the
   thermodynamic properties were studied by means of DSC measurements. The
   thermodynamic parameters like the glass transition temperature T-G, the
   crystallization temperature T-X (and derivative the glass formation
   ability DeltaT equivalent to [T-X-T-G] and T-G/T-M ratio) and
   crystallization heat DeltaH(X) have been studied versus composition
   variation.
CT International Meeting on New Materials and New Technologies in New
   Millennium
CY SEP 19-23, 2000
CL CRIMEA, UKRAINE
SP Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Sci & Technol Ctr
RI VERMAUT, Philippe/F-9298-2013
OI VERMAUT, Philippe/0000-0001-6486-0075
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 1
Z8 0
ZS 0
Z9 1
SN 1024-1809
UT WOS:000172082500021
ER

PT J
AU Kolomytsev, V
   Babanly, M
   Musienko, R
   Sezonenko, A
   Ochin, P
   Dezellus, A
   Plaindoux, P
   Portier, R
   Vermaut, P
TI The transformation kinetics of the multicomponent TiNi-based melt-spun
   ribbons from the amorphous to nanocrystalline state
SO METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII
VL 23
SI SI
BP 124
EP 136
PD 2001
PY 2001
AB The 'AB' and Be-'AB'-Y transition metal compound melt-spun ribbons have
   been produced both in IMPh, N.A.S.U., Kyylv and CECM CNRS, Vitry, where
   'A'= (Ti, Zr, Nb, Hf) and 'B' = (Ni, Cu, Co, Pd, Ag, Al). The simple
   crystallization step (SCS) in the continuous heating regime
   {(-150-+50)degreesC --> --> (570-600)degreesC, 1 min} has been used for
   transformation of the amorphous ribbon into the crystalline state and
   thermodynamic property measurement. Very often, the SCS is not enough
   for the restoration of the shape memory property of the multicomponent
   alloys in the initially bulk amorphous state and various heat treatment
   regimes should be used. The heat treatment regimes chosen for the
   crystallization and microstructure formation are discussed. Specific
   temperatures obtained from typical variation of the heat flow from
   amorphous ribbons during the first heating run in the DSC camera zip to
   600 degreesC were taken into account, The chemical composition of some
   developed multicomponent alloys varies around the 'deep eutectic'
   composition range and, so, their melting temperature may be sharply
   decreased. This factor is also to be taken into account for defining of
   the upper temperature limit for the heat treatment regimes. The
   crystallization process during the isothermal pre-annealing at T-A<T-X
   (T-A-annealing temperature, Tx-crystallization temperature) is not
   complete one: usually the state after such treatment is the mixture of
   the fine nanocrystalline and retained amorphous structure. Similar to
   some observations made on other bulk amorphous alloy systems, the
   partial crystallization during preannealing at T-G<T-A<T-X does not
   cause the stabilization of the retained amorphous structure component
   (T-G-the glass transition temperature). Annealing at high temperatures,
   T-A>T-X, is oriented on production of a pure beta phase (probably, with
   some amount of the Ti2Ni-type particles) with varied mean grain size by
   progressive tempering (0.5 hr, 3 hrs up to 20 hrs).
CT International Meeting on New Materials and New Technologies in New
   Millennium
CY SEP 19-23, 2000
CL CRIMEA, UKRAINE
SP Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Sci & Technol Ctr
RI VERMAUT, Philippe/F-9298-2013
OI VERMAUT, Philippe/0000-0001-6486-0075
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z8 0
TC 1
ZB 0
Z9 1
SN 1024-1809
UT WOS:000172082500022
ER

PT J
AU Vermolen, FJ
   Vuik, C
TI A mathematical model for the dissolution of particles in multi-component
   alloys
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
VL 126
IS 1-2
BP 233
EP 254
DI 10.1016/S0377-0427(99)00355-6
PD DEC 30 2000
PY 2000
AB Dissolution of stoichiometric multi-component particles is an important
   process occurring during the heat treatment of as-cast aluminum alloys
   prior to hot extrusion. A mathematical model is proposed to describe
   such a process. In this model equations are given to determine the
   position of the particle interface in time, using a number of diffusion
   equations which are coupled by nonlinear boundary conditions at the
   interface. This problem is known as a vector valued Stefan problem. A
   necessary condition for existence of a solution of the moving boundary
   problem is proposed and investigated using the maximum principle for the
   parabolic partial differential equation. Furthermore, for an unbounded
   domain and planar co-ordinates an asymptotic approximation based on
   self-similarity is derived. The asymptotic approximation is used to gain
   insight into the influence of all components on the dissolution.
   Subsequently, a numerical treatment of the vector valued Stefan problem
   is described. The numerical solution is compared with solutions obtained
   by the analytical methods. Finally, an example is shown. (C) 2000
   Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.. MSG: 35A35; 35R35; 65M06;
   80A22.
RI Vuik, Cornelis/L-9720-2016; Vuik, Cornelis/AAD-8163-2019
OI Vuik, Cornelis/0000-0002-5988-9153; 
Z8 1
ZR 1
ZS 0
TC 21
ZB 0
Z9 22
SN 0377-0427
UT WOS:000166374800014
ER

PT J
AU Kositsyn, SV
   Litvinov, VS
   Kataeva, NV
   Arkhangel'skaya, AA
TI Structural and phase stability of heat-resistant (beta+gamma)-alloys of
   the Ni-Co-Cr-Al system
SO METAL SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT
VL 42
IS 11-12
BP 435
EP 443
DI 10.1023/A:1010471712646
PD NOV-DEC 2000
PY 2000
RI Kataeva, Natalia/J-5913-2013
OI Kataeva, Natalia/0000-0001-9289-2808
ZS 0
TC 1
ZR 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 1
SN 0026-0673
UT WOS:000169476900005
ER

PT J
AU Grafe, U
   Bottger, B
   Tiaden, J
   Fries, SG
TI Simulations of the initial transient during directional solidification
   of multicomponent alloys using the phase field method
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
VL 8
IS 6
BP 871
EP 879
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/8/6/308
PD NOV 2000
PY 2000
AB This paper presents simulations of directional solidification of
   multicomponent alloys using the phase field method. In order to
   calculate thermodynamic quantities of the alloy, the phase held model
   has been coupled to multicomponent thermodynamic databases in an
   'online' mode using the TQ-Interface of the software Thermo-Gale.
   Simulations of directional solidification of several alloys from the
   Ni-Al-Cr-Co-Ti system are presented for different pulling speeds. The
   results predict oscillations of the solidification velocity and the
   element concentrations evolving in the course of the initial transient
   as has been analytically shown for binary systems. In multicomponent
   systems these oscillations not only depend on the pulling speed but also
   on alloy composition.
CT Workshop on Integral Materials Modelling
CY OCT   06, 1999
CL AACHEN, GERMANY
RI Boettger, Bernd/C-3796-2017; Fries, suzana/A-5280-2013
OI Boettger, Bernd/0000-0003-1778-1643; 
TC 12
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z8 3
Z9 14
SN 0965-0393
UT WOS:000165911400009
ER

PT J
AU Kutyrev, IM
   Chernysheva, GM
   Basargin, NN
   Chebotnikova, YA
TI Extraction-photometric determination of zirconium and molybdenum in
   multicomponent alloys
SO INDUSTRIAL LABORATORY
VL 66
IS 9
BP 575
EP 576
DI 10.1023/A:1017522905909
PD SEP 2000
PY 2000
AB Nonaqueous buffer solutions of different acidity for photometric
   determination of zirconium and molybdenum present in the same extract
   are developed. The extractive system trioctylamine (TOA) in toluene -
   H2SO4 - Mo, Zr, makes it possible to conduct, in the pH range 0.5 - 1.7,
   a single-step selective extraction of both zirconium and molybdenum and
   eliminate interference from Fe(II, III), Co(II), N1(II), Cu(II),
   AI(III), Ti(IV), Cr(III), Mn(II), V(IV), and Si(IV). The method was used
   to determine Zr and Mo in a standard specimen of 123v-grade alloy and a
   magnetic alloy.
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
TC 1
Z9 1
SN 0019-8447
UT WOS:000168690000004
ER

PT J
AU Lai, LC
   Lee, CL
   Perng, TP
TI Preparation and hydrogenation of multicomponent AB(2)-type Zr-Mn-V-Co-Ni
   amorphous alloy
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 307
BP 266
EP 271
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(00)00826-4
PD JUL 14 2000
PY 2000
AB Amorphous powder of the multicomponent alloy ZrMn0.6V0.1Co0.2Ni1.2 was
   prepared by ball milling of the intermetallic compound. The amorphous
   phase was formed after milling for 80 h. Hydrogenation of the amorphous
   powder was conducted and a comparison was made with that of the
   crystalline alloy. The absorption rate increased as the temperature
   increased, but the rate was slower than that of the crystalline phase.
   There was no plateau region in the pressure-composition-temperature
   curve. the maximum hydrogenation capacity was less, and a large amount
   of hydrogen was trapped at lower pressures. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science
   S.A. All rights reserved.
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 3
Z8 2
ZB 0
Z9 4
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:000088590900046
ER

PT J
AU Colinet, C
   Antoni-Zdziobek, A
TI Alpha/gamma equilibria in the Fe-Co phase diagram
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
VL 52
IS 7
BP 26
EP 28
DI 10.1007/s11837-000-0157-2
PD JUL 2000
PY 2000
AB It is possible to treat the equilibrium between alpha and gamma phases
   and obtain a good representation of the phase boundaries in the Fe-Co
   system using the cluster variation method. In this study, calculations
   were performed on quaternary Fe+Fe-Co+Co- by considering both chemical
   and magnetic interactions. The A2/B2 order-disorder transition and the
   alpha/gamma phase equilibria agree well with the experimental data.
   These results were obtained with very few adjustable parameters;
   however, the study is a first step toward calculating multicomponent
   phase diagrams based on the Fe-Co system.
TC 10
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
Z9 10
SN 1047-4838
UT WOS:000088235200005
ER

PT J
AU Pratap, A
   Raval, KG
   Gupta, A
   Kulkarni, SK
TI Nucleation and growth of a multicomponent metallic glass
SO BULLETIN OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 23
IS 3
BP 185
EP 188
DI 10.1007/BF02719907
PD JUN 2000
PY 2000
AB The metallic glass samples of Fe67Co18B14Si1 (2605CO), prepared by the
   melt spinning technique were procured from the Allied Corporation. The
   kinetics of crystallization of this multicomponent glassy alloy is
   studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The
   crystallization data have been examined in terms of modified Kissinger
   and Matusita equations for the non-isothermal crystallization. The
   results show enhanced bulk nucleation in general. At high heating rates
   added to it is surface induced abnormal grain growth resulting in
   fractal dimensionality.
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 22
ZB 0
Z8 0
Z9 22
SN 0250-4707
UT WOS:000087423200006
ER

PT J
AU Ekroth, M
   Frykholm, R
   Lindholm, M
   Andren, HO
   Agren, J
TI Gradient zones in WC-Ti(C,N)-Co-based cemented carbides: Experimental
   study and computer simulations
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 48
IS 9
BP 2177
EP 2185
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00029-X
PD MAY 29 2000
PY 2000
AB The formation of surface zones with a composition gradient during
   sintering of WC-Ti(C,N)-Co cemented carbides has been studied
   experimentally and by computer simulations. The microstructure has been
   investigated with SEM and EPMA. The simulations are based on a solution
   of the multicomponent diffusion equations, coupled with thermodynamic
   calculations using thermodynamic descriptions of the individual phases.
   The results from the simulations are in good agreement with the
   experimental results, indicating that diffusion and the thermodynamic
   properties are the two major factors that control the gradient structure
   formation. (C) 2000 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science
   Ltd. AN rights reserved.
ZB 0
TC 90
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 26
Z9 109
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000089192600014
ER

PT J
AU Geng, MM
   Han, JW
   Feng, F
   Northwood, DO
TI Electrochemical measurements of a metal hydride electrode for the Ni/MH
   battery
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
VL 25
IS 3
BP 203
EP 210
DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(99)00046-4
PD MAR 2000
PY 2000
AB The characteristics of the Ni/MH battery, including discharge voltage,
   high-rate discharge capability and charge/ discharge cycle lifetime are
   mainly determined by the construction of the negative and positive
   electrodes and the composition of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy. The
   metal hydride (MH) alloy powder for the negative electrode of the Ni/MH
   battery was first pulverized and oxidized by electrochemically
   charging/discharging for a number of cycles. A multicomponent ABS-based
   alloy Mm(0.95)Ti(0.05)Ni(3.85)Co(0.45)Mn(0.35)Al(0.35) was developed as
   the hydrogen-absorbing alloy. The discharge characteristics of the
   negative electrode, including discharge capacity, cycle lifetime and
   exchange current density, were studied by means of the electrochemical
   experiments and analysis in the experimental cell. The polarization
   measurements show that the exchange current density of the MH electrode
   increases with increasing number of charge/discharge cycles and then it
   almost remains constant after 30 cycles. A microcracking activation,
   resulting from an increase in reaction surface area and an improvement
   in the electrode surface activation, decreases the polarization
   resistance and increases the hydrogen exchange current densities.
   Measurement of the hydrogen diffusivities for the
   Mm(0.95)Ti(0.05)Ni(3.85)Co(0.45)Mn(0.35)Al(0.35) alloy shows that the
   ratio Dl a(2) (D = hydrogen diffusivity; a = sphere radius) increases
   with increasing number of cycles up to 20 cycles and it remains constant
   after further cycling. (C) 1999 International Association for Hydrogen
   Energy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
CT 2nd International Symposium on New Materials for Solar, Hydrogen, Fuel
   Cell and Batteries - CANCUN 98
CY AUG 30-SEP 04, 1998
CL CANCUN, MEXICO
SP Natl Autonomous Univ Mexico
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z8 3
TC 20
Z9 22
SN 0360-3199
UT WOS:000084301900003
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
TI Stabilization of metallic supercooled liquid and bulk amorphous alloys
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 48
IS 1
BP 279
EP 306
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00300-6
PD JAN 1 2000
PY 2000
AB Bulk metallic materials have ordinarily been produced:by melting and
   solidification processes for the last several thousand years. However,
   metallic liquid is unstable at temperatures below the melting
   temperature and solidifies immediately into crystalline phases.
   Consequently, all bulk engineering alloys are composed of a crystalline
   structure. Recently, this common concept was exploded by the findings of
   the stabilization phenomenon of the supercooled liquid for a number of
   alloys in the Mg-, lanthanide-, Zr-, Ti-, Fe-, Co-, Pd-Cu- and Ni-based
   systems. The alloys with the stabilized, supercooled liquid state have
   three features in their alloy components, i.e. multicomponent systems,
   significant atomic size ratios above 12%, and negative heats of mixing.
   The stabilization mechanism has also been investigated from experimental
   data of structure analyses and fundamental physical properties. The
   stabilization has enabled the production of bulk amorphous alloys in the
   thickness range of 1-100 mm by using various casting processes. Bulk
   amorphous Zr-based alloys exhibit high mechanical strength, high
   fracture toughness and good corrosion resistance and have been used for
   sporting goods materials. The stabilization also leads to the appearance
   of a large supercooled liquid region before crystallization and enables
   high-strain rate super-plasticity through Newtonian flow. The new Fe-
   and Go-based amorphous alloys exhibit a large super-cooled liquid region
   and good soft magnetic properties which are characterized by low
   coercive force and high permeability. Furthermore, homogeneous
   dispersion of nanoscale -particles into Zr-based bulk amorphous alloys
   was found to cause an improvement of tensile strength without detriment
   to good ductility. The discovery of the stabilization phenomenon,
   followed by the clarification of the stabilization criteria of the
   supercooled liquid, will promise the future definite development of bulk
   amorphous alloys as new basic science and engineering materials. (C)
   2000 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All
   rights reserved.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZR 17
ZB 62
ZS 7
TC 4359
Z8 463
Z9 4610
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000085191500017
ER

PT J
AU Tarasenko, LV
TI Rules of formation of the chemical composition of M23C6 multicomponent
   carbide in high-temperature steels
SO METAL SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT
VL 42
IS 1-2
BP 7
EP 12
DI 10.1007/BF02471348
PD JAN-FEB 2000
PY 2000
AB The method of phase physicochemical analysis is used to study martensite
   steels in the Fe - Cr-Ni Co - Mo - W - V - C system. It is shown that
   the chemical compositions of two multicomponent phases, i.e., hardened
   martensite and (Cr; hl)(23)C-6 carbide segregated from it in
   high-temperature tempering are correlated where the concentrations of
   the elements Mo/W, V/W and (Cr + V)I(Mo + W) are concerned. The
   discovered correlation is used for developing a method for calculating
   the chemical composition of a (Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, W, V)(23)C-6 carbide
   with the help of the concentrations of the elements in the alpha-solid
   solution and the differences in the atomic radii. It is shown that the
   alloying elements in the carbide substitute for chromium in
   correspondence with the principle of dimension. It is inferred that the
   type of bonding in the chromium sublattice in the carbide is metallic.
ZS 0
TC 0
ZR 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 0
SN 0026-0673
UT WOS:000088888500002
ER

PT J
AU Verbetsky, VN
   Mitrokhin, SV
   Movlaev, EA
TI Synthesis and properties of multicomponent hydrides with high density
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 293
BP 421
EP 425
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00455-7
PD DEC 20 1999
PY 1999
AB The results of research of interaction of hydrogen with alloys of Ti-V-M
   (M=Fe, Co, Ni), Ti-Ta; Zr-Ta; Ti-W; Ti-Ta-W; Zr-Sc; Hf-Sc systems are
   presented. The study of these materials was carried out in two
   directions aimed at an increase of hydride density preserving a high
   content of hydrogen in them and a decrease of synthesis parameters
   preserving high thermal stability of hydrides. The phase diagrams of the
   studied systems were obtained. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science
   S.A. All rights reserved.
CT International Symposium on Metal-Hydrogen Systems, Fundamentals and
   Applications
CY OCT 04-09, 1998
CL ZHEJIANG, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Zhejiang Univ
RI Mitrokhin/E-4663-2014; Mitrokhin, Sergey/G-8206-2011
OI Mitrokhin/0000-0002-1348-8514; 
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 4
ZB 0
Z8 1
Z9 5
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:000084065500081
ER

PT J
AU DuPont, JN
   Michael, JR
   Newbury, BD
TI Welding metallurgy of alloy HR-160 (R)
SO WELDING JOURNAL
VL 78
IS 12
BP 408S
EP 415S
PD DEC 1999
PY 1999
AB The solidification behavior and resultant solidification cracking
   susceptibility of autogenous gas tungsten are fusion welds in Alloy
   HR-160(R) was investigated by Varestraint testing, differential thermal
   analysis and various microstructural characterization techniques. The
   alloy exhibited a liquidus temperature of 1387 degrees C and initiated
   solidification by a primary L --> gamma reaction in which Ni, Si and Ti
   segregated to the interdendritic liquid and cosegregated to the gamma
   dendrite cores. Chromium exhibited no preference for segregation to the
   solid or liquid phase during solidification. Solidification terminated
   at approximate to 1162 degrees C by a eutectic-type L --> [gamma+
   (Ni,Co)(16)(Ti,Cr)(6)Si-7] reaction. The (Ni,Co)(16)(Ti,Cr)(6)Si-7 phase
   is found to be analogous to the G phase that forms in the Ni-Ti-Si and
   Co-Ti-Si ternary systems, and similarities are found between the
   solidification behavior of this commercial multicomponent alloy and the
   simple Ni-Si and Ni-Ti binary systems. Reasonable agreement is obtained
   between the calculated and measured volume percent of the
   [gamma+(Ni,Co)(16)(Ti,Cr)(6)Si-7] eutectic-type constituent with the
   Scheil equation using experimentally determined k values for Si and Ti
   from electron microprobe data. The alloy exhibited a very high
   susceptibility to solidification cracking in the Varestraint test. This
   is attributed to a large solidification temperature range of 225 degrees
   C and the presence of 2-5 vol-% solute-rich interdendritic liquid that
   preferentially wets the grain boundaries and interdendritic regions.
ZR 0
TC 17
ZB 0
Z8 1
ZS 0
Z9 17
SN 0043-2296
UT WOS:000083934700012
ER

PT J
AU Chuprakov, IS
   Martin, JD
   Dahmen, KH
TI New flash-evaporation feeder for chemical vapor deposition
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV
VL 9
IS P8
BP 901
EP 908
DI 10.1051/jp4:19998113
PN 2
PD SEP 1999
PY 1999
AB A new device for generation of vapor of solid precursor(s) for the
   Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process has been designed and tested.
   Powder of the precursor(s) is kept at room temperature in an inert
   atmosphere during the deposition and steadily delivered by small
   portions into an evaporator. Small beads of an inert material are added
   to the powder in order to dilute the mixture and make the slow powder
   delivery process more reliable. Flash-evaporation of the precursor(s)
   from the beads' surface assures controlled and constant in-time
   composition of the precursor(s) vapor. This facilitates the use of
   temperature unstable precursors. Simultaneous evaporation of several
   precursors allows multicomponent films to be easily grown. This process
   is especially suitable for use of precursors with a big difference in
   sublimation/evaporation temperatures. The feeder was tested during the
   CVD of nickel, copper, cobalt, and copper-cobalt thin films. These films
   were: deposited from nickel(II) bisdiethylglyoximate, copper(II)
   bisdipivaloylmethanate, cobalt(II) bisacetylacetoniminate, and
   cobalt(II) bis-3,5-dimethylpyrazolylborate complexes. The conditions
   were optimized for the film growing processes in each case. All films
   were characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray
   Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy.
CT 12th European Conference on Chemical Vapour Deposition
CY SEP 05-10, 1999
CL BARCELONA, SPAIN
SP Elect Soc; Gen Catalunya Dept Presidencia Comm Univ Recerca; ICMAB;
   CSIC; ISCAR New Line; INORGTECH; CND
TC 2
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
Z9 2
SN 1155-4339
UT WOS:000082524900046
ER

PT J
AU Habazaki, H
   Hon-yashiki, K
   Ito, K
   Mitsui, H
   Kawashima, A
   Asami, K
   Hashimoto, K
   Mrowec, S
TI Sulfidation- and oxidation-resistant alloys prepared by sputter
   deposition
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
VL 267
IS 2
BP 267
EP 276
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00102-1
PD JUL 31 1999
PY 1999
AB In order to tailor novel alloys resistant to high temperature corrosion
   in multicomponent sulfidizing-oxidizing environments, amorphous or
   nanocrystalline Al-refractory metal alloys with and without silicon and
   Cr-refractory metal alloys have been prepared by sputter deposition. The
   sulfidation and oxidation behavior of the alloys has been studied as a
   function of temperature in sulfur vapor pressure of 10(3) Pa and in
   oxygen of 2 x 10(4) Pa, respectively. The sulfidation of these alloys
   generally follows a parabolic rate law, being thus diffusion controlled.
   The sulfidation rates of Al-refractory metal and Cr-refractory metal
   alloys are several orders of magnitude lower than those of conventional
   high temperature alloys and comparable to or even lower than those of
   the corresponding refractory metals. The sulfide scales formed on these
   alloys consist of two layers, comprising an outer Al2S3 or Cr2S3 layer
   and an inner refractory metal disulfide layer. The formation of the
   inner layer is attributed to the excellent sulfidation resistance of
   these alloys. The oxidation resistance of Al-refractory metal alloys is
   not sufficiently high, but the addition of silicon improves remarkably
   their oxidation resistance by synergistic effect of aluminum and
   silicon. Although the Cr-Mo alloys possess poor oxidation resistance,
   due to the formation of volatile molybdenum oxide, the oxidation
   resistance of the Cr-Nb and Cr-Ta alloys is as high as that of typical
   chromia-forming alloys. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights
   reserved.
CT 5th International Symposium on Electrochemical/Chemical Reactivity of
   Novel Materials
CY OCT 04-07, 1998
CL SENDAI, JAPAN
RI Hashimto, Koji/S-2226-2017; Habazaki, Hiroki/C-5388-2012
OI Hashimto, Koji/0000-0003-0331-0218; Habazaki, Hiroki/0000-0002-7172-8811
ZB 0
ZS 1
ZR 0
TC 8
Z8 3
Z9 10
SN 0921-5093
UT WOS:000081445800015
ER

PT J
AU Geng, MM
   Han, JW
   Feng, F
   Northwood, DO
TI Charging/discharging stability of a metal hydride battery electrode
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
VL 146
IS 7
BP 2371
EP 2375
DI 10.1149/1.1391943
PD JUL 1999
PY 1999
AB The metal hydride (MH) alloy powder for the negative electrode of the
   Ni/MH battery was first pulverized and oxidized by electrochemically
   charging and discharging for a number of cycles. The plate of the
   negative electrode of an experimental cell in this study was made from a
   mixture of a multicomponent AB(5)-based alloy powder, nickel powder, and
   polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The characteristics of the negative
   electrode, including discharge capacity, exchange current density, and
   hydrogen diffusivity, were studied by means of the electrochemical
   experiments and analysis in an experimental cell. The exchange current
   density of a Mm(0.95)Ti(0.05)Ni3.85Co(0.45)Mn(0.35)Al(0.35) alloy
   electrode increases with increasing number of charge/discharge cycles
   and then remains almost constant after 20 cycles. A microcracking
   activation, resulting from an increase in reaction surface area and an
   improvement in the electrode surface activation, increases the hydrogen
   exchange current densities. Measurement of hydrogen diffusivities for
   Mm(0.95)Ti(0.05)Ni(3.85)Co(0.45)Mn(0.35)Al(0.35) alloy powder shows that
   the ratio of D/a(2) (D = hydrogen diffusivity; a = sphere radius)
   increases with increasing number of cycles but remains constant after 20
   cycles. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(98)09-069-7.
   All rights reserved.
TC 30
Z8 2
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z9 32
SN 0013-4651
UT WOS:000081652700001
ER

PT J
AU Shiraishi, T
   Nishikawa, M
   Yamaguchi, T
   Kenmotsu, K
TI Permeation of multi-component hydrogen isotopes through austenitic
   stainless steels
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
VL 273
IS 1
BP 60
EP 65
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00018-5
PD JUN 1999
PY 1999
AB In a D-T fusion reactor tritium exists together with other hydrogen
   isotopes. However, the permeation of multicomponent hydrogen isotopes
   through austenitic stainless steels has not been discussed so far. In
   this paper the permeation behavior of hydrogen isotopes through type 304
   and 316 austenitic stainless steels was investigated by the co-current
   double tube method in the temperature range of 623-973 K. The
   permeabilities of hydrogen observed in this study gave close agreement
   with the recommended value by Le Claire. Discrepancies in reported
   values for the permeabilities of deuterium are larger than those of
   hydrogen and there has been no recommended value of permeability. The
   permeabilities of deuterium were obtained using the same apparatus and
   the same technique as hydrogen experiments. The isotope effect ratio in
   permeation for 316SS was smaller than that for 304SS. The permeation
   behavior of hydrogen isotopes in the binary-component hydrogen isotopes
   system was also observed under various conditions and compared with the
   values from the model calculation. It is concluded in this study that
   the separation factor in permeation through austenitic stainless steels
   coincides with the isotope effect ratio in permeation. (C) 1999 Elsevier
   Science B.V. All rights reserved.
ZB 0
Z8 5
TC 31
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 35
SN 0022-3115
UT WOS:000080728900005
ER

PT J
AU Bureau, MN
   Di Francesco, E
   Denault, J
   Dickson, JI
TI Mechanical behavior of injection-molded polystyrene polyethylene blends:
   Fracture toughness vs. fatigue crack propagation
SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1119
EP 1129
DI 10.1002/pen.11499
PD JUN 1999
PY 1999
AB Blends of polystyrene and polyethylene (PS/PE), including blends in
   which a styrene/ethyrene-butylene/styrene (SEBS) terpolymer was employed
   as a compatibilizer, were studied. Their rheology showed that the effect
   of the addition of SEES to PS/PE blends was strongly affected by the
   blend composition and the shear rates involved in the blending and
   post-forming processes. The addition of PE to PS led to a reduction of
   fracture toughness compared with that of PS. This effect was attributed
   to the fine minor phase morphology of the blends obtained after
   extrusion blending and injection molding. The fatigue crack propagation
   (FCP) results showed that the fatigue crack growth rates were
   significantly reduced at low and moderate range of stress intensity
   factor (Delta K) by the presence of PE. Performance was enhanced when
   SEES was present. The results also showed that both the fracture
   toughness and the FCP behavior of the blends were strongly dependent on
   the loading direction, the minor phase morphology, the composition of
   the blend, and, to a lesser degree, the presence of a compatibilizer.
   This study demonstrates that the fracture toughness and the FCP
   performance of such polymer blends can vary inversely.
CT International Symposium on Polymer Blends, Alloys and Filled Systems
CY OCT 09-10, 1997
CL NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA, IND MAT INST, BOUCHERVILLE, CANADA
HO NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA, IND MAT INST
SP Amer Leistriz Extruder Corp; Daicel Polym Compounds Inc; Kenrich
   Petrochem Inc
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
TC 12
Z9 12
SN 0032-3888
UT WOS:000081330200014
ER

PT J
AU Almeida, RM
   Du, XM
   Barbier, D
   Orignac, X
TI Er3+-doped multicomponent silicate glass planar waveguides prepared by
   sol-gel processing
SO JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
VL 14
IS 2
BP 209
EP 216
DI 10.1023/A:1008794202103
PD APR 1999
PY 1999
AB Erbium doped silica-titania planar waveguides, co-doped with ytterbium
   and aluminum, have been prepared by sol-gel processing, using multilayer
   spin-coating deposition on silicon or silica glass substrates. The Er3+
   doping level varied between 0 and 2 at.%, while Yb3+ varied from 0 to 3
   at.%. Aluminum was incorporated up to 15 at.% Al and it was found to
   have no significant effect on the refractive index of the silica-titania
   (80 : 20 mol%) matrix. The Er3+ fluorescence emission was flat within
   +/-0.5 dB, between 1520 and 1560 nm. The corresponding I-4(13/2)
   metastable level lifetime was found to decrease from 6.1 to 3.5 ms, as
   the Er concentration increased from 0.1 to 0.5 at.%, for films co-doped
   with 0.5 at.% Yb and 10 at.% Al and the fluorescence decay was
   essentially single exponential below a Er quenching concentration of 0.5
   at.% (1.1 x 1020 ions/cm(3)). The lifetime appears to be limited by
   Er-Er interactions at higher rare-earth ion concentrations and by
   residual OH species in the sol-gel derived waveguides. Vacuum heat
   treatment at a temperature near 570 degrees C was somewhat effective in
   increasing the Er fluorescence lifetime, whereas reactive atmosphere
   processing in CCl4 or Cl-2 at a similar temperature appeared to be less
   effective.
RI Almeida, Rui M/K-7966-2012
OI Almeida, Rui M/0000-0003-2841-5921
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 48
ZR 0
Z8 0
Z9 48
SN 0928-0707
UT WOS:000081175300008
ER

PT J
AU Yang, XG
   Zhang, WK
   Lei, YQ
   Wang, QD
TI Electrochemical properties of Zr-V-Ni system hydrogen storage alloys
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
VL 146
IS 4
BP 1245
EP 1250
DI 10.1149/1.1391753
PD APR 1999
PY 1999
AB The Zr-V-Ni system multicomponent alloys were investigated by
   electrochemical measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning
   electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy At room
   temperature, the discharge capacity of ZrVxMn0.9-xNi1.1 (x = 0.1-0.8)
   alloys remains at a high level when x = 0.3-0.5. A C15 main phase alloy
   has good capacity. ZrV0.5Mn0.3T0.1Ni1.1 (T = Ni, Co, Fe, or Al) alloys
   exhibit lower discharge ability at room temperature because higher
   contents of V and Mn (i.e., (V + Mn)/AB(2) = 0.8) form more stable
   hydrides. Al substitution also stabilizes the hydrides effectively. All
   these alloys have discharge capacities of about 350 mAh g(-1) on heating
   to 328 K. Our further investigation showed that the substitution of Ti
   for Zr decreases markedly the thermodynamic stability of the hydrides
   and promotes a promising discharge capacity at room temperature. During
   cycling, the preferential anodic oxidation of some components, such as
   Ti and V, degrades the reversible storage ability. An electrochemical
   method was adopted to evaluate the PcT isotherm for Zr-based alloys.
   This method is suitable for all hydride electrodes as well. (C) 1999 The
   Electrochemical Society. S0013-4651(98)06-050-9. All rights reserved.
TC 19
Z8 4
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 22
SN 0013-4651
UT WOS:000079811000001
ER

PT J
AU Reed, RC
   Jackson, MP
   Na, YS
TI Characterization and modeling of the precipitation of the sigma phase in
   UDIMET 720 and UDIMET 720LI
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 30
IS 3
BP 521
EP 533
DI 10.1007/s11661-999-0044-6
PD MAR 1999
PY 1999
AB The kinetics of the formation of the sigma phase in the high strength
   nickel-based superalloys UDIMET 720 (U720) and UDIMET 720Li (U720Li)
   have been characterized using a combination of electrolytic extraction
   and quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) involving the Rietveld method.
   In order to perform the analysis, a database of crystallographic
   parameters is required and details of this are presented. It is shown
   that the numerical data generated using this technique are consistent
   with observations made using conventional optical, scanning, and
   transmission electron microscopies. The results are presented in the
   form of temperature-time-transformation (TTT) diagrams. It appears that
   U720Li is very much less prone to sigma precipitation than U720. The
   presence of a tensile stress accelerates the reaction, but the kinetics
   are very slow at temperatures lower than 700 degrees C. Thermodynamic
   calculations have been used in order to infer that the formation of
   sigma is associated predominantly with the dissolution of the gamma
   matrix. Theoretical modeling of sigma formation is carried out using a
   coupled thermodynamic/kinetic analysis assuming multicomponent
   diffusion-controlled growth. The numerical results are broadly
   consistent with the experimental data; in the U720Li alloy, there
   appears to be an incubation period associated with the onset of
   reaction, but this is negligible in U720. In principle, the method could
   be adapted for the quantification of microstructural instabilities in
   other superalloys. If a maximum tolerable amount of microstructural
   degradation is defined, the method provides a rational basis for the
   estimation of the limiting combinations of temperature, time, and stress
   that any given alloy can withstand.
ZS 1
Z8 4
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 54
Z9 58
SN 1073-5623
UT WOS:000078868700004
ER

PT J
AU Kompany-Zareh, M
   Massoumi, A
TI Multicomponent determination of cobalt, copper, and iron with
   1,10-phenanthroline by principal component regression modelling of
   spectrophotometric data
SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
VL 363
IS 3
BP 219
EP 223
DI 10.1007/s002160051177
PD FEB 1999
PY 1999
AB A spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of Co,
   Cu, and Fe in ternary mixtures by means of 1,10-phenanthroline as a
   complexing agent was developed. The influence of chemical variables
   affecting the analytical reaction was evaluated. A principal component
   regression procedure was used to assess spectrophotometric data obtained
   from nineteen calibration solutions. The method was validated by
   applying it to the analysis of synthetic mixtures over the concentration
   ranges 0-407 mu mol Co/L, 0-189 mu mol Cu/L, and 0-143 mu mol Fe/L. It
   was also successfully employed for the analysis of two cobalt magnetic
   alloys. The relative errors in the determinations were less than 7% in
   most cases.
ZS 1
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 1
TC 7
Z9 7
SN 0937-0633
UT WOS:000078731000002
ER

PT J
AU Dobrovolsky, VD
   Solonin, YM
   Skorokhod, VV
   Khyzhun, OY
TI XPS and transmission electron microscopy of the multicomponent
   hydride-forming alloys
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
VL 24
IS 2-3
BP 195
EP 201
DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(98)00066-4
PD FEB-MAR 1999
PY 1999
AB The photoelectron spectrograms of the Ni2p, Ni3p, Co3p, Mn2p, Al2p, Ols
   and Cls in LaNi4.6Mn0.4, LaNi4.5Al0.5, MmNi(3.5)Co(0.7)Al(0.8), and
   Zr3d, Ti2p, V2p, Ni2p, Co2p, Ols, and Cls in Zr0.9VCo0.55Ni0.55 and
   Zr0.59Ti0.41V0.53Cr0.22 Fe0.20Co0.27Ni0.78 have been obtained. In a
   surface layer about 2-2.5 nm of both alloys, the main part of nickel
   atoms an in metallic state (Ni-0) and only a third of them in oxidized
   state (Ni+2, Ni+3). At the same time the concentration of nickel in
   surface layer of Zr-containing alloy is much lower as compared with
   Mm-containing alloy. The chemical state of Co and V atoms is similar to
   Ni atoms state, but their concentrations, especially of V, in surface
   layer is lower than that of nickel. The results of XPS have been
   compared with those of transmission electron microscopy of the thin
   foils of La- and Zr- based alloys. Dark field microphotographs of the
   oxidized alloys indicate presence of two different phases, which,
   according to electron microdiffraction, are nickel-based alloy and
   oxide. On the first stage of oxidation on the surface of foil the fine
   nickel particles (about 10 nm) and amorphous oxide phase appear.
   Complete oxidation of the foil leads to formation of eutectic-like
   structure of mixture of metallic and oxide phase. Some difference of the
   oxidized layer structure of investigated alloys have been observed. (C)
   1999 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by
   Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
CT 5th International Conference on Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry
   of Metal Hydrides (ICHMS 97)
CY SEP 02-08, 1997
CL KATSIVELI, UKRAINE
SP Int Assoc Hydrogen Energy
ZB 0
Z8 0
TC 6
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 6
SN 0360-3199
UT WOS:000079395200020
ER

PT J
AU Wright, CS
   Youseffi, M
   Wronski, AS
   Ansara, I
   Durand-Charre, M
   Mascarenhas, J
   Oliveira, MM
   Lemoisson, F
   Bienvenu, Y
TI Supersolidus liquid phase sintering of high speed steels Part 3:
   computer aided design of sinterable alloys
SO POWDER METALLURGY
VL 42
IS 2
BP 131
EP 146
DI 10.1179/003258999665486
PD 1999
PY 1999
AB Calculated multicomponent phase diagrams were used to identify high
   speed steel (HSS) type alloys having the potential to exhibit enhanced
   sinterability. The requirement was for an extensive austenite + carbide
   $ liquid phase field. Of the six tungsten and molybdenum based systems
   studied, Fe-14Mo-C + 4Cr-8Co systems were potentially the most
   promising. Appropriate compositions were water atomised and additional
   alloys prepared by blending annealed powders with graphite powders.
   Powders were compacted to green densities of about 70% theoretical and
   then vacuum sintered. Sinterability was assessed in terms of sintered
   densities and microstructures. Alloys containing Fe-13Mo-1.3C,
   Fe-14Mo-4Cr-1.3C, and Fe-14Mo8Co-4Cr-1.4C were sintered to full density
   at temperatures as low as 1170 degrees C, 70-150K lower than for
   existing HSSs. Sintering windows were 20-30 K, a significant improvement
   on existing HSSs. As sintered microstructures consisted of angular M6C
   carbides dispersed in martensitic matrixes, which is typical for
   correctly sintered HSS. Heat treatment response and cutting performance
   for the sinterable grades were assessed and found to be comparable to
   existing HSS. The cutting performance of Fe-14Mo-8Co-4Cr-1.4C tools at
   45 and 52.5 m min(-1) was superior to both cast wrought M2 and T1 tools
   of identical geometry. Lower carbon contents resulted in an increase in
   sintering temperature and a reduction in the width of the sintering
   window. Higher carbon contents destroyed sinterability, since they led
   to the formation of M2C eutectic structures in the undersintered
   condition. Alloy sinterability was correlated to differential thermal
   analysis data obtained during heating of powders. The variations in
   sinterability with alloy composition are discussed with reference to
   phase diagrams; the degradation in sinterability observed at carbon
   contents above 1.4% is attributed to the presence of ternary eutectic
   phase fields. The commercial implications of the relationship between
   sinterability and alloy composition are discussed.
RI Mascarenhas, Joao/L-3318-2014; Youseffi, Mansour/
OI Mascarenhas, Joao/0000-0003-0440-8057; Youseffi,
   Mansour/0000-0002-4639-1313
ZS 0
TC 16
Z8 2
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 18
SN 0032-5899
UT WOS:000081778700024
ER

PT J
AU Gao, XP
   Ye, SH
   Liu, J
   Song, DY
   Zhang, YS
TI Structure and electrochemical properties of Zr(V0.2Mn0.2Ni0.6-xCox)(2.4)
   hydrogen storage alloys
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
VL 23
IS 9
BP 781
EP 786
DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(97)00129-8
PD SEP 1998
PY 1998
AB The structure and hydrogen absorbed properties of a series of the
   multicomponent Zr(V(0.)2Mn(0.2)Ni(0.6-x)Co(x))(2.4) alloys have been
   investigated as a negative electrode in the metal hydride batteries. The
   crystal structure turned out to change as a function of substituted
   cobalt from a cubic C15 type structure to a hexagonal C14 type
   structure. There were anomalies in the relation among the hydrogen
   plateau pressure from PCT, electro nic factor of the alloy and A(2)B(2)
   tetrahedral interstice for hydrogen occupation. The
   Zr(V0.2Mn0.2Ni0.5Co0.1)(2.4) electrode was used to evaluate the
   electrochemical characteristics including activation, cycle life,
   electrocatalytic activity and hydrogen adsorption. II was found that
   both the hydrogen adsorption process and hydrogen diffusion process took
   place in the electrochemical impedance spectra of the electrode used
   here. (C) 1998 International Association for Hydrogen Energy.
Z8 0
TC 6
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 6
SN 0360-3199
UT WOS:000074795400008
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
   Takeuchi, A
   Zhang, T
TI Ferromagnetic bulk amorphous alloys
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 29
IS 7
BP 1779
EP 1793
DI 10.1007/s11661-998-0001-9
PD JUL 1998
PY 1998
AB This article reviews our recent results on the development of
   ferromagnetic bulk amorphous alloys prepared by casting processes. The
   multicomponent Fe-(Al,Ga)-(P,C,B,Si) alloys are amorphized in the bulk
   form with diameters up to 2 mm, and the temperature interval of the
   supercooled liquid region before crystallization is in the range of 50
   to 67 K. These bulk amorphous alloys exhibit good soft magnetic
   properties, i.e., high B-s of 1.1 to 1.2 T, low H-c of 2 to 6 A/m, and
   high mu(e) of about 7000 at 1 kHz. The Nd-Fe-Al and Pr-Fe-Al bulk
   amorphous alloys are also produced in the diameter range of up to 12 mm
   by the copper mold casting process and exhibit rather good hard magnetic
   properties, i.e., B-r of about 0.1 T, high H-c of 300 to 400 kA/m, and
   rather high (JH)(max) of 13 to 20 kJ/m(3). The crystallization causes
   the disappearance of the hard magnetic properties. Furthermore, the
   melt-spun Nd-Fe-Al and Pr-Fe-Al alloy ribbons exhibit soft-type magnetic
   properties. Consequently, the hard magnetic properties are concluded to
   be obtained only for the bulk amorphous alloys. The bulk Nd-Fe-Al and
   Pr-Fe-Al amorphous alloys have an extremely high T-x/T-m, of about 0.90
   and a small Delta T-m (= T-m - T-x) of less than 100 K and, hence, their
   large glass-forming ability is due to the steep increase in viscosity in
   the supercooled liquid state. The high T-x/T-m enables the development
   of a fully relaxed, clustered amorphous structure including Nd-Nd and
   Nd-Fe atomic pairs. It is, therefore, presumed that the hard magnetic
   properties are due to the development of Nd-Nd and Nd-Fe atomic pairs
   with large random magnetic anisotropy. The Nd- and Pr-based bulk
   amorphous alloys can be regarded as a new type of clustered amorphous
   material, and the control of the clustered amorphous structure is
   expected to enable the appearance of novel functional properties which
   cannot be obtained for an ordinary amorphous structure.
CT Structure and Properties of Bulk Amorphous Alloys Symposium at the 1997
   Annual Meeting of TMS
CY FEB 10-11, 1997
CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA
SP TMS-EMPMD/SMD Alloy Phases & MDMD Solidificat Comm; ASM-MSD Thermodynam
   & Phase Equilibria; Atom Transport Comm
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015; Zhang, Tao/O-4911-2014; Takeuchi, Akira/A-3619-2010; HEGDE, RAJATH/L-6036-2019
OI Takeuchi, Akira/0000-0002-7246-8644; 
Z8 31
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 211
ZB 0
Z9 228
SN 1073-5623
UT WOS:000074992100003
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
   Makino, A
TI Preparation and soft magnetic properties of Fe-based bulk amorphous
   alloys
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV
VL 8
IS P2
BP 3
EP 10
DI 10.1051/jp4:1998201
PD JUN 1998
PY 1998
AB This review deals with our recent development of Fe-based bulk amorphous
   alloys with soft magnetic properties. Multicomponent
   Fe-(Al,Ga)-(P,C,B,Si) and Fe-(Co,Ni)-(Zr,Nb,Ta)-B alloys are amorphized
   in the bulk form with diameters up to 2 and 6 mm, respectively, by
   copper mold casting and the largest temperature interval of the
   supercooled liquid region before crystallization is 67 and 88 K,
   respectively. These bulk amorphous alloys exhibit good soft magnetic
   properties, i.e., high saturation magnetization (I-s) of 1.1 to 1.2 T
   and low coercivity (H-c) of 2 to 6 A/m. The saturated magnetostriction
   (lambda(s)) and Curie temperature (T-c) are in the range of 20-30X10(-6)
   and 580-605 K, respectively, for the former system and 10-14X10(-6) and
   447-594 K, respectively, for the latter system. The effective
   permeability (mu(e)) at 1 kHz is 7000-15000 for the
   Fe-(Al,Ga)-(P,C,B,Si) amorphous ribbons and 15000-25000 for the
   Fe-(Co,Ni)-(Zr,Nb)-B amorphous ribbons. In comparison with Fe-Si-B
   amorphous ribbons, it is characterized that the present alloys have
   lower H-c and higher mu(e) resulting from lower lambda(s). The easy
   formation of bulk Fe-based amorphous alloys with good soft magnetic
   properties indicates the possibility of future development as a new type
   of soft magnetic material.
CT 13th Soft Magnetic Materials Conference (SMM)
CY SEP 24-26, 1997
CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015; MAKINO, AKIHIRO/B-2549-2009
ZB 0
TC 2
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 2
SN 1155-4339
UT WOS:000074526300002
ER

PT J
AU Kukushkin, SA
   Grigoriev, DA
TI Crystallization of multi-component melts under nonuniform conditions
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
VL 59
IS 5
BP 769
EP 776
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(97)00158-3
PD MAY 1998
PY 1998
AB Evolution processes proceeding in the course of solidification of
   single-and multi-components melts in heterogeneous systems are
   investigated. A set of equations describing the kinetics of the
   crystallization process during removal of heat from boundary of the
   system is derived and solved. As a result of solution of the system, the
   equation for motion of a new phase crust, the distribution function for
   disperse particles in terms of their size and composition and a law of
   variation in the mean radius of disperse particles in space are
   obtained. It is shown that during crystallization of a multi-phase and
   multicomponent melt under nonuniform conditions the phase composition of
   an final sample can differ in its various points. General equations
   describing the phase co-existence region are derived. (C) 1998 Elsevier
   Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
RI Kukushkin, Sergey A/P-4505-2016
OI Kukushkin, Sergey A/0000-0002-2973-8645
TC 1
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 1
SN 0022-3697
UT WOS:000073640600025
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
   Fujita, K
   Zhang, T
   Makino, A
TI Synthesis of glassy Fe-Co-Nd-Zr-B alloys and their
   crystallization-induced magnetic properties
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS JIM
VL 39
IS 3
BP 327
EP 333
DI 10.2320/matertrans1989.39.327
PD MAR 1998
PY 1998
AB A new Fe-based amorphous alloy exhibiting the glass transition and
   supercooled liquid region before crystallization was searched in the
   composition range of Fe63Co7N10-xZrxB20 (x=0 to 6 at%). The amorphous
   alloys containing 4 to 6 at%Zr were found to exhibit the glass
   transition, followed by a supercooled liquid region. The crystallization
   from the supercooled liquid of the 4%Zr alloy occurred through three
   stages of Am-->Am'+Fe3B-->Am'+Fe3B+gamma-Fe+
   Nd2Fe23B3+Fe2Zr+Fe3Zr-->alpha-Fe+Fe2Zr+Fe3Zr+Nd2Fe14B+Fe2B+ZrB2. In the
   crystallized stare, the 4% and 6%Zr alloys exhibited hard magnetic
   properties, i.e., saturation magnetization of 1.15 to 1.18 T, remanence
   of 0.75 to 0.76 T, coercive force of 30 to 58 kA/m and maximum energy
   product of 7.8 to 13 kJ/m(3). The grain sizes of the alpha-Fe and
   Nd2Fe14B phases for the 4%Zr alloy subjected to optimum annealing were
   about 45 and 25 nm, respectively. The fine mixed structure was thought
   to reveal the hard magnetic properties by the exchange magnetic coupling
   mechanism even in the coexistent state with Fe2Zr, Fe3Zr, Fe2B and ZrB2.
   The appearance of the glass transition also implies that the 4%Zr and
   6%Zr alloys have a high glass-forming ability leading to the formation
   of a bulk amorphous alloy. The finding that the amorphous alloys
   exhibited the glass transition in the as-quenched state and the hard
   magnetic properties in the crystallized state is important, because the
   direct production of a bulk hard magnetic alloy by a simple process is
   expected, such as the crystallization of the cast bulk amorphous alloy.
RI MAKINO, AKIHIRO/B-2549-2009; Zhang, Tao/O-4911-2014; Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZB 0
Z8 2
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 7
Z9 8
SN 0916-1821
UT WOS:000073593100001
ER

PT J
AU Akdeniz, MV
   Mekhrabov, AO
TI The effect of substitutional impurities on the evolution of Fe-Al
   diffusion layer
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
VL 46
IS 4
BP 1185
EP 1192
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00318-2
PD FEB 13 1998
PY 1998
AB The formation and growth characteristics of Fe based aluminide diffusion
   layers at the Fe-Al interface have been analysed in terms of interfacial
   interaction potentials based on the statistico-thermodynamical theory of
   multicomponent alloys combined with electronic theory in the
   pseudopotential approximation. The pairwise interatomic interaction
   potentials and partial ordering energies have been calculated to predict
   the effect of various alloying additions on the activity coefficient of
   Al atoms in alpha-Fe-(0.95)(Al(1-n)X(n))(0.05) alloys where X = Si, Ti,
   Ge, Sb, Mg, Cu, Ca, Ag, Cd, Cr, Co, Zn, Mn, Ni, Pb or Bi and considered
   up to 1 at.%. The results of calculation show that the impurity elements
   with regard to their effect on the activity coefficient of Al atoms may
   be classified into two groups; I-group impurity elements, X(I)=Si, Ti,
   Ge, Sb, Mg, Cu, Ca, Ag, Cd, and Cr which decrease the activity
   coefficient of Al atoms, reduce the thickness of the Fe-Al intermetallic
   diffusion layer and II-group impurity elements, X(II) = Co, Zn, Mn, Ni,
   Pb and Bi, which increase the activity coefficient of Al atoms, tend to
   increase the thickness of diffusion layer at the Fe-Al interface. It has
   been established, in agreement with experimental observation, that the
   value of activity coefficient of Al atoms in
   alpha-Fe(0.95)(Al(1-n)X(n))(0.05) alloys has a strong influence on the
   formation and growth kinetics of interfacial diffusion layers at the
   Fe-AL interface. The analysis of the effects of type and content of X(I)
   and X(II) impurity elements on the activity coefficients of Al
   gamma(Al)/gamma(Al)(0), in alpha-Fe(0.95)(Al(1-n)X(n))(0.05) alloys is
   in good qualitative agreement with the experimental results reported in
   the literature. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc.
RI Akdeniz, M. Vedat/A-7414-2016
OI Akdeniz, M. Vedat/0000-0001-5127-7796
ZR 0
Z8 8
TC 53
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z9 59
SN 1359-6454
UT WOS:000072289100011
ER

PT S
AU Inoue, A
   Zhang, T
   Takeuchi, A
BE Baro, MD
   Surinach, S
TI Ferrous and nonferrous bulk amorphous alloys
SO MECHANICALLY ALLOYED, METASTABLE AND NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS, PART 2
SE MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM
VL 269-2
BP 855
EP 864
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.269-272.855
PN 2
PD 1998
PY 1998
AB Bulk amorphous alloys with thicknesses up to 75 mm and a wide
   supercooled liquid region reaching 127 K before crystallization have
   been found to be fabricated in a number of multicomponent systems which
   satisfy the three empirical rules for the achievement of large
   glass-forming ability, i.e., (1) multicomponent alloy systems consisting
   of more than three constituent elements, (2) significantly different
   atomic size ratios above 12 % among the main constituent elements, and
   (3) negative heats of mixing among their elements. The scientific
   significance of the three empirical rules has been proved based on a
   number of experimental data as well as on the kinetic theories of the
   nucleation and growth of a crystalline phase. By choosing appropriate
   compositions which satisfy the three empirical rules, bulk amorphous
   alloys in Mg-, lanthanide metal-, Zr-, Pd-, Fe- and Co-based systems
   were produced in cylindrical and sheet forms by various solidification
   processes. The bulk amorphous alloys exhibit high tensile strength, good
   ductility, high elastic energy, high impact fracture energy and high
   corrosion resistance for Zr-based system and good soft magnetic
   properties for Fe-based system. Furthermore, their bulk amorphous alloys
   heated in the supercooled liquid region can be deformed into various
   shapes by viscous flow. The ideal Newtonian flow has been achieved in
   the supercooled liquid. The utilization of the ideal superplasticity
   enabled the achievement of an extremely large elongation exceeding 15000
   %. These excellent data allow us to expect that the bulk amorphous
   alloys with a wide thickness range up to 75 mm develop as a new type of
   engineering material.
CT International Symposium on Metastable, Mechanically Alloyed and
   Nanocrystalline Materials (ISMANAM 97)
CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 1997
CL BARCELONA, SPAIN
SP Air Liquide; Caixa Catalunya; Carburos Metal; Carl Zeiss SA; CIRIT;
   Minist Educ & Cultura, Direcc Gen Ensenanza Super; Fritsch GMBH; Fdn
   Catalana Recerca; Inst Estudis Calanas; Oxford Instruments; Pacisa;
   Perkin Elmer; Philips Instrumentac Electr SA; Retsch GMBH; Trallero &
   Schlee SL; Univ Autonoma Barcelona; ZOZ GMBH
RI Zhang, Tao/O-4911-2014; Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015; Takeuchi, Akira/A-3619-2010
OI Takeuchi, Akira/0000-0002-7246-8644
ZR 0
ZS 1
TC 98
Z8 17
ZB 0
Z9 106
SN 0255-5476
BN 0-87849-801-X
UT WOS:000073437500054
ER

PT J
AU Weiss, W
   Ritter, M
   Zscherpel, D
   Swoboda, M
   Schlogl, R
TI Multicomponent surface analysis system combined with high pressure
   reaction cells for studying metal oxide model catalysts
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS
VL 16
IS 1
BP 21
EP 29
DI 10.1116/1.580975
PD JAN-FEB 1998
PY 1998
AB A three chamber ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) surface analysis system combined
   with high pressure reaction cells has been designed. It can be used for
   the preparation and characterization of ordered metal oxide model
   catalyst surfaces and for the investigation of heterogeneous catalytic
   reactions there on also under high pressures. The reaction cells are
   completely separated from the UHV analysis chambers. They can be used
   for oxidation treatments and reaction studies at total pressures up to 1
   bar. A new sample transfer mechanism together with sapphire sample
   holders and sample heating-cooling stations on the analysis chamber
   manipulators provides electron beam and resistive sample heating, liquid
   nitrogen sample cooling, and precise thermocouple temperature control.
   First experimental results obtained on single crystalline iron oxide
   dehydrogenation films grown onto Pt(lll) substrates are presented. These
   results demonstrate the capability of the system for in situ
   investigation of a sample surface using scanning tunneling microscopy,
   low-energy electron diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy,
   photoelectron emission microscopy, and temperature programmed desorption
   before and after catalytic reactions at high pressures. This single
   crystal surface science approach provides new insight into the atomic
   scale surface chemistry of metal oxides under real catalysis conditions.
   (C) 1998 American Vacuum Society.
RI Zscherpel, Uwe/D-2188-2009
OI Zscherpel, Uwe/0000-0001-9017-0844
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 41
Z9 41
SN 0734-2101
UT WOS:000071597100004
ER

PT J
AU Kozlowski, J
   Markowski, J
   Prajzner, A
   Zdanowski, J
TI Properties of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides based on Ti and Mo
   multicomponent-layers
SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
VL 98
IS 1-3
BP 1440
EP 1443
DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00359-9
PD JAN 1998
PY 1998
AB Coating have been produced by bias activated reactive evaporation method
   (BARE) [1] on polished HSS steel and Coming glass substrates. Titanium
   and molybdenum were co-evaporated using a special two-hearth electron
   gun with separate Ti and Mo evaporation sources. Various chemical
   compositions were obtained by means of heating time control of
   respective materials. The working gases were nitrogen, acetylene and a
   1:1 mixture of both. The investigation of properties of layers with
   various chemical compositions covered samples: TiC, TiCN, TiN, (Ti,Mo)C,
   (Ti,Mo)CN, (Ti,Mo)N, MoC, MoCN, MoN. The chemical film compositions were
   determined using the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) method,
   Vickers hardness measurements were made. The structures of the deposited
   layers were examined by means of X-ray diffraction. The electrical
   measurements of the deposited layers covered resistivity (rho) and
   temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR). It has been found that the
   measurements of electrical properties may be very sensitive indicators
   of the layer composition and structure. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier
   Science S.A.
CT 5th International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering
CY SEP 09-13, 1996
CL GARMISCH PARTENKI, GERMANY
SP European Joint Comm Plasma & Ion Surf Engn
TC 11
ZS 0
Z8 1
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 12
SN 0257-8972
UT WOS:000072647200106
ER

PT J
AU Sagel, A
   Wanderka, N
   Wunderlich, RK
   Schubert-Bischoff, P
   Fecht, HJ
TI Early stages of solid-state amorphization reaction during mechanical
   alloying of a multicomponent Zr-powder mixture
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
VL 38
IS 1
BP 163
EP 169
DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00408-9
PD DEC 18 1997
PY 1997
Z8 0
ZR 0
TC 3
ZS 0
ZB 1
Z9 3
SN 1359-6462
UT WOS:000071234700025
ER

PT J
AU Krajnikov, AV
   Militzer, M
   Wieting, J
TI Interfacial segregation of competitive impurities in embrittled and
   de-embrittled Fe-3%Ni
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
VL 13
IS 11
BP 877
EP 886
DI 10.1179/mst.1997.13.11.877
PD NOV 1997
PY 1997
AB The kinetics of surface segregation in embrittled and de-embrittled Fe-3
   at.-%Ni-0.011 at/-%Sb containing 20 at.-ppm S was studied by Auger
   electron spectroscopy at temperatures ranging from 550 to 630 degrees C.
   In addition, information on the grain boundary segregation in the
   embrittled material has been obtained from analysing intercrystalline
   fracture surfaces. Grain boundary segregation is characterised by
   cosegregation of Sb and Ni, which is increasingly promoted as the grain
   boundary concentration of C decreases. On the surface of the embrittled
   material, segregation competition of S and Sb is observed. This is
   stimulated by Sb enrichment via grain boundaries. In the de-embrittled
   material, Sb surface segregation is inhibited so that S remains the
   dominant segregation. These differences in the kinetic behaviour are
   consistent with the demixing model of temper embrittlement, Further the
   S-Sb segregation competition leads to ail inhomogeneous surface
   chemistry; some of the individual facets ale enriched with Sb, others
   with S. Thus, the S-Sb surface segregation competition is not only
   characterised by the presence of fast diffusion paths but also by
   anisotropy. The conditions for the segregation dominance are analysed
   using Guttmann's equilibrium segregation model for multicomponent
   systems. (C) 1997 The Institute of Materials.
RI Krajnikov, Alexander/J-6762-2017
OI Krajnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1546-1670
ZB 0
TC 8
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
Z9 8
SN 0267-0836
UT WOS:000073584100001
ER

PT J
AU Oryshich, IV
TI Corrosion of nickel-based alloys in melts of MgCl2-KCl-NaCl ternary
   chloride eutectics
SO PROTECTION OF METALS
VL 33
IS 4
BP 367
EP 373
PD JUL-AUG 1997
PY 1997
AB Corrosion tests of a series of heat-resistant nickel alloys were
   performed in a molten 48.7% MgCl2-38.2% KCl-13.1% NaCl ternary eutectic
   at 500-900 degrees C and with up to 30-h exposure. Chloride corrosion
   exhibits intergranular features and causes weight loss an order of
   magnitude higher than common gaseous oxidation does. Time dependence of
   the weight loss is intermediate between parabolic and linear (1 < n <
   2), while the temperature dependence is exponential. The loss is
   significantly decreased only by alloying with aluminum. The corrosion
   resistance of NiAl intermetallide is relatively high (it surpasses
   nickel 60-70 times and commercial heat-resistant alloys 20-30 times). As
   a function of chromium and titanium contents in binary nickel alloys,
   corrosion has minima at 10-12% Cr and 5-7% Ti, respectively; the minimum
   in multicomponent alloys is located 2-3% lower. Cobalt, molybdenum, and
   tungsten affect the chloride corrosion resistance nonadditively, but
   even the best variants of alloying are characterized by corrosion of up
   to 20-30 g/(m(2) h). In order to achieve the required corrosion
   resistance, commercial high-temperature alloys should be aluminized or
   protected by a Ni(Co)Al-(beta-phase) intermetallic-based coating.
TC 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
Z9 0
SN 0033-1732
UT WOS:A1997XQ61600013
ER

PT J
AU Spilsbury, D
   Butvin, P
   Cowlam, N
   Howells, WS
   Cooper, RJ
TI Some evidence for 'directional atomic pair ordering' in a cobalt-based
   metallic glass
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
VL 226
BP 187
EP 191
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(97)80036-6
PD JUN 15 1997
PY 1997
AB Time-of-flight neutron diffraction has been used to study structural
   anisotropy in a wide-ribbon sample of the multicomponent metallic glass
   Fe4Co67Cr7Si8B14 prepared by continuous casting. A planar sample held at
   45 degrees to the incident beam was examined by two stationary counters
   at 90 degrees left and 90 degrees right, so that the directional
   structure factors, S-l(Q), S-w(Q), S-t(Q) corresponding to the three
   orthogonal directions in the ribbon (length I, width w and thickness t)
   were determined. It was found that the directional Structure Factor
   S-t(Q) had stronger oscillations than S-l(Q) and S-w(Q). Comparison of
   the directional S(Q) with the total structure factors for FeB and CoB
   glasses suggest that the result may be tentatively associated with
   'atomic directional pair ordering' of the Fe-Fe first neighbour pairs in
   the t direction. The diffraction data have been analysed in the context
   of the atomic level stress model of metallic grass structures. (C) 1997
   Elsevier Science S.A.
CT 9th International Conference on Rapidly Quenched and Metastable
   Materials
CY AUG 25-30, 1996
CL BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA
SP Off Strategy & Dev Soc Sci & Technol; European Commiss, Directorate Gen
   XII; AlliedSignal Inc, US; Deut Phys Gesell; Int Union Pure & Appl Phys;
   JOEL Ltd, Japan; Alps Elect Co Ltd, Japan; Perkin Elmer GmbH
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 4
Z9 4
SN 0921-5093
UT WOS:A1997XJ84700038
ER

PT J
AU Dobrovolsky, VD
   Solonin, YM
   Skorokhod, VV
   Khizhun, OY
TI XPS and transmission electron microscopy of the multicomponent
   hydride-forming alloys for electrochemical applications
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 253
BP 488
EP 491
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(96)02983-0
PD MAY 20 1997
PY 1997
AB Photoelectron spectra of the Ce4d, Ni2p, Ni3p, Co3p, Al2p, Ols, Cls in
   Mm(Ni,Co,Al), and Zr3d, Ti2p, V2p, Ni2p, Ols, Cls in
   Zr1-xTix(Ni,V,Co,Cr), alloys have been obtained. In the surface layer,
   about 2-2.5 nm of both alloys, the main part of the nickel atoms are in
   the metallic state (Ni-0) and only a third of them in oxidized states
   (Ni+2, Ni+3). At the same time the concentration of nickel in surface
   layer of Zr-content alloy is much smaller when compared with Mm-content
   alloy. The chemical state of the Co and V atoms is similar to the Ni
   atoms state, but their concentrations, especially of V, in the surface
   layer is smaller than that of nickel. The results of XPS have been
   compared with the data of transmission electron microscopy of the thin
   foils of La- and Zr- based alloys. Dark field microphotographs of the
   oxidized alloys indicate the presence of two different phases, which,
   according to electron microdiffraction, are nickel-based alloy and
   oxide. In the first stage of oxidation on the surface of the foil, fine
   nickel particles (about 10 nm) and an amorphous oxide phase appear.
   Complete oxidation of the foil leads to the formation of a eutectic like
   structure consisting of a mixture of metallic and oxide phases. Some
   difference in the oxidized layer structure of the investigated alloys
   has been observed.
CT International Symposium on Metal Hydrogen Systems: Fundamentals and
   Applications
CY AUG 25-30, 1996
CL LES DIABLERETS, SWITZERLAND
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
TC 5
Z8 0
Z9 5
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:A1997XJ16900118
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
   Mizushima, T
   Makino, A
TI Preparation of thick amorphous alloy sheets in multicomponent Fe-based
   systems and their thermal and magnetic properties
SO SCIENCE REPORTS OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTES TOHOKU UNIVERSITY SERIES
   A-PHYSICS CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY
VL 43
IS 2
BP 115
EP 121
PD MAR 1997
PY 1997
AB Thick amorphous sheets with thickness up to about 200 mu m were formed
   for the Fe72Al5Ga2P10C6B4Si1 alloy with a wide supercooled liquid region
   of 58 K before crystallization. The glass transition temperature (T-g),
   crystallization temperature (T-x) and supercooled liquid region Delta
   T-x(=T-x-T-g) remain unchanged in the entire thickness range. However,
   the heat of structural relaxation decreases from 2.2 kJ/mol for the 22
   mu m thick ribbon to 0.48 kJ/mol for the 160 mu m thick ribbon,
   accompanying the increase in T-c from 597 K to 619 K. In comparison with
   the other amorphous alloy ribbons in the same Fe-(Al,Ga)-(P,C,B,Si)
   system, there is a clear tendency for the maximum sample thickness for
   glass formation (t(max)) to increase with increasing Delta T-x. The
   Fe-Al-Ga-P-C-B-Si amorphous sheets have high saturation magnetization of
   about 180 x 10(-6) Wbm/kg and low coecivity of about 5 A/m in the
   annealed state and their values remain unchanged in the thickness range
   up to 200 mu m. The permeability (mu(e)) at 1 kHz shows the high values
   of 12000 for the 30 mu m thick ribbon and decreases to about 7000 for
   the 200 mu m thick ribbon. It is to be noticed that the good soft
   magnetic properties of 5 A/m for H-c and 7000 for mu(e) as well as the
   wide supercooled liquid region of 58 K are obtained for the thick
   amorphous sheets with thickness of 150 to 200 mu m. These
   characteristics for the thick amorphous ribbons have not been obtained
   for Fe-based amorphous alloys previously reported. It is therefore
   expected that the thick amorphous ribbons cause a further extension of
   the application fields of ferromagnetic amorphous alloys.
RI MAKINO, AKIHIRO/B-2549-2009; Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 2
ZR 0
Z9 2
SN 0040-8808
UT WOS:A1997WU14000007
ER

PT J
AU Sagel, A
   Wunderlich, RK
   Perepezko, JH
   Fecht, HJ
TI Glass formation in a multicomponent Zr-based alloy by mechanical
   attrition and liquid undercooling
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
VL 70
IS 5
BP 580
EP 582
DI 10.1063/1.118280
PD FEB 3 1997
PY 1997
AB The synthesis of a multicomponent Zr60Al10Ni9Cu18Co3 glass by mechanical
   alloying has been investigated using thermal and structural analysis and
   compared with a metallic glass produced by liquid undercooling. The
   solid-state amorphization reaction is preceded by rapid solution of
   smaller solute atoms in the Zr matrix with a concomitant reduction in
   grain size to 10 nm at the amorphization onset. A fully amorphous
   mechanically alloyed sample shows relaxation compared to a sample
   synthesized by liquid cooling probably due to removal of residual
   inhomogeneities on the scale of the nanocrystal size at amorphization.
   While the kinetic pathways for the two synthesis methods differ, the
   relaxed amorphous phases from each method exhibit identical
   thermodynamic properties. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z8 4
TC 48
Z9 49
SN 0003-6951
UT WOS:A1997WF44000016
ER

PT J
AU Gareev, RR
   Alimpiev, SS
   Bugoslavskii, YV
   Nikiforov, SM
   Maslov, AI
   Shubnii, GY
   Zherichin, AN
TI Pulsed laser deposition of amorphous Co-Fe-Ni-Si-B thin films
SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A
VL 91
IS 2
BP 321
EP 324
DI 10.12693/APhysPolA.91.321
PD FEB 1997
PY 1997
AB Soft magnetic multicomponent Co-Fe-Ni-Si-B thin films have been grown by
   pulsed laser deposition onto single-crystal sapphire and silicon
   substrate. The static hysteresis measurements for different substrate
   temperatures are presented. Thin films with a coercive force smaller
   than 1 Oe were grown at substrate temperatures from 250 degrees C to 350
   degrees C. X-ray diffraction measurements proved that the structure of
   films is amorphous. The surface morphology of grown thin films was
   observed by scanning electron microscopy. The chemical composition of
   deposited films corresponds to the composition of bulk alloy.
CT Proceedings of the European Conference Physics of Magnetism 96
CY JUN 24-28, 1996
CL POZNAN, POLAND
SP Polish Acad Sci, Inst Molec Phys; Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Inst Phys
RI Nikiforov, Sergey M/H-8473-2018; Alimpiev, Sergey/S-2353-2016
OI Alimpiev, Sergey/0000-0002-7124-7962
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 5
Z9 5
SN 0587-4246
UT WOS:A1997WM64800019
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
TI Stabilization of supercooled liquid and opening-up of bulk glassy alloys
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY SERIES B-PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL
   SCIENCES
VL 73
IS 2
BP 19
EP 24
DI 10.2183/pjab.73.19
PD FEB 1997
PY 1997
AB Bulk glassy alloys with thicknesses up to 75 mm and a wide supercooled
   liquid region reaching 127 K before crystallization were found to be
   fabricated in a number of multicomponent systems which satisfy the three
   empirical rules for the achievement of large glass-forming ability,
   i.e., (1) multicomponent alloy systems consisting of more than three
   constituent elements, (2) significantly different atomic size ratios
   above 12%, and (3) negative heats of mixing. The scientific significance
   of the rules has been proved based on a number of experimental data as
   well as on the kinetic theories of the nucleation and growth of a
   crystalline phase. By choosing appropriate compositions which satisfy
   the empirical rules, bulk glassy alloys in Mg-, lanthanide metal-, Zr-,
   Pd-, Fe- and Co-based systems were produced in cylindrical and sheet
   forms by various solidification processes. The bulk glassy alloys
   exhibit high tensile strength, good ductility, high elastic energy, high
   impact fracture energy and high corrosion resistance for Zr-based system
   and good soft magnetic properties for Fe-based system. Furthermore,
   their glassy alloys heated in the supercooled liquid region can be
   deformed into various shapes through viscous flow. The ideal Newtonian
   flow has been achieved in the supercooled liquid. The utilization of the
   ideal superplasticity enabled the achievement of an extremely large
   elongation exceeding 15000%. These excellent data allow us to expect
   that the bulk glassy alloys develop as a new type of engineering
   material.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z8 3
ZB 0
TC 41
Z9 41
SN 0386-2208
UT WOS:A1997WP09100002
ER

PT J
AU Hong Cunmao
   Yang Yong
TI Reductive Property of LaNis-based Alloys
SO ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
VL 13
IS 7
BP 577
EP 579
DI 10.3866/PKU.WHXB19970701
PD 1997
PY 1997
AB At room temperature, LaNis-based multicomponent alloys can easily react
   with Cu2+ aqueous solution (such as the CuSo(4) solution). The elements
   La, Ni, Co, Mn and Al in the alloys were oxidized to form their ions
   correspondingly, and the Cu2+ ion was reduced to precipitate as metal
   copper.
Z8 1
ZB 0
TC 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 1
SN 1000-6818
UT WOS:000207601700001
ER

PT J
AU Danielewski, M
   Filipek, R
   Walec, T
TI The generalized solution of the interdiffusion problem: A new approach
   for multicomponent bounded systems
SO DEFECT AND DIFFUSION FORUM
VL 143
BP 515
EP 520
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.143-147.515
PN 1
PD 1997
PY 1997
AB The interdiffusion in ternary Co-Fe-Ni alloys was studied. The
   mathematical model of interdiffusion in the layer of finite thickness
   was applied. We derived, with the use of idea of generalized solution,
   an exact expression for the evolution of components distribution and its
   asymptotic approximation that can be simply applied to a variety of
   initial conditions. The uniqueness of the generalized solution allows to
   formulate the inverse interdiffusion problem that results in a new
   method of calculation of diffusivities in multicomponent solutions. An
   agreement between the measured and calculated evolution of the ternary
   diffusional couples is shown. The ''uphill diffusion'' of the initially
   uniform components was calculated and experimentally verified.
CT International Conference on Diffusion in Materials (DIMAT 96)
CY AUG 05-09, 1996
CL NORDKIRCHEN, GERMANY
SP Nordrhein Westfalen Coll Finances, Germany
OI Filipek, Robert/0000-0002-4078-1118
ZS 0
TC 1
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
Z9 1
SN 1012-0386
UT WOS:A1997XM07600080
ER

PT J
AU Tang, ZY
   Chen, WX
   Liu, ZL
   Guo, HT
TI Effect of surface modification on performance of alloy electrodes for
   hydrogen storage
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
VL 26
IS 11
BP 1201
EP 1204
PD NOV 1996
PY 1996
Z8 5
ZB 0
TC 7
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 12
SN 0021-891X
UT WOS:A1996VU42700015
ER

PT J
AU Geng, MM
   Northwood, DO
TI The characteristics of the negative electrode of a nickel metal hydride
   battery
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
VL 21
IS 10
BP 887
EP 890
DI 10.1016/0360-3199(96)00021-3
PD OCT 1996
PY 1996
AB The negative electrodes of an experimental sealed battery (AA size, 1Ah
   capacity) were made from a multicomponent alloy
   (Mm(0.95)Ti(0.05)Ni(3.85)Co(0.45)Mn(0.35)Al(0.35)) powder coated with 10
   wt% nickel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and nickel powder. The Ohmic
   resistivity of the electrode increases with increasing PTFE content. The
   average discharge voltage of the battery decreases with increasing
   discharge current and increases marginally with increasing temperature.
   The overpotential of the negative electrode decreases with increasing
   temperature. Copyright (C) 1996 International Association for Hydrogen
   Energy
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 13
ZB 0
Z8 0
Z9 13
SN 0360-3199
UT WOS:A1996VG88300009
ER

PT J
AU Wang, H
   Luck, R
TI Mixing enthalpy of liquid T-Ti-Zr (T=Fe, Co, Ni) alloys
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
VL 205
BP 417
EP 420
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(96)00254-2
PN 1
PD OCT 1996
PY 1996
AB The thermodynamic properties of ternary systems can be calculated from
   the data of the three binary boundary systems by use of suitable
   interpolation geometry. The mixing enthalpy in the Ti-Zr binary boundary
   system has been estimated to be small and according to the regular
   model. The mixing enthalpies of the other binary boundary systems were
   determined experimentally; strong negative values have been found. From
   these results, special interpolation geometries have been selected and
   the mixing enthalpies of the ternaries have been determined.
CT 9th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals
CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 1995
CL CHICAGO, IL
TC 4
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 2
ZS 0
Z9 6
SN 0022-3093
UT WOS:A1996WB29200088
ER

PT J
AU Konstantinova, TE
   Primisler, VB
   Dobrikov, AA
TI A crystal-lattice bending as an individual mode of plastic deformation
SO METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII
VL 18
IS 10
BP 70
EP 78
PD OCT 1996
PY 1996
AB It war confirmed that in certain conditions the bending mode of
   deformation is realized on the mesoscopic level of plastic deformation.
   It was shown that the bending deformation is the main deformation mode
   for many multicomponent alloys, particularly, for maraging Fe-Ni steels.
   It is accomplished by co-ordinated (directed) displacements of a large
   atoms' group for a major portion of on interatomic distance without a
   rupture of interatomic bonds. Such co-operative displacements give rise
   to a large local bending of a crystal lattice. This structural element
   is interpreted as a special mesoscopic-level structure defect. A study
   of some regularities for such a bending deformation was carried out.
ZB 0
TC 1
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 1
SN 0204-3580
UT WOS:A1996VY28900010
ER

PT J
AU Heuzey, MC
   Pelton, AD
TI Critical evaluation and optimization of the thermodynamic properties of
   liquid tin solutions
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
VL 27
IS 5
BP 810
EP 828
DI 10.1007/BF02915611
PD OCT 1996
PY 1996
AB Thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data for the following 18 elements
   in molten Sn were collected and critically evaluated: Al, Ca, Ce, Co,
   Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, Mo, Na, Ni, O, P, S, Se, Si, and Ti. Binary and
   ternary data were optimized to give polynomial expressions for the
   excess Gibbs energies as functions of temperature and composition. For
   some solutes, the optimized expressions are valid over the entire
   composition range 0 less than or equal to X(sa) less than or equal to 1.
   In other cases, the expressions apply to Sn-rich solutions.
   Solute-solute interaction terms were estimated where data were not
   available. The optimized Gibbs energy expressions are also presented in
   the form of interaction parameters, and the equivalence between the
   polynomial and interaction parameter formalisms is discussed. Through
   the Kohler equation, or the modified interaction parameter formalism,
   the thermodynamic properties of the multicomponent solution of 18
   elements in Sn can be calculated. The database is suitable for computer
   storage and manipulation.
ZS 0
Z8 1
ZR 0
TC 26
ZB 0
Z9 26
SN 1073-5615
UT WOS:A1996VM63300012
ER

PT J
AU Hwang, RQ
TI Chemically induced step edge diffusion barriers: Dendritic growth in 2D
   alloys
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
VL 76
IS 25
BP 4757
EP 4760
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4757
PD JUN 17 1996
PY 1996
AB To investigate the effects of multiple film components on the morphology
   of thin films, the growth of Co and Ag on Ru(0001) has been studied by
   scanning tunneling microscopy. Two types of growth have been identified.
   In the first, the Co from the vapor phase is directly incorporated into
   existing Ag islands. In the second, islands composed of a Co-Ag mixture
   are formed by etching of the existing pure Ag islands. These two
   mechanisms, which occur simultaneously, lead to dramatically different
   morphologies. In the second case, dendritic growth of the alloy is found
   despite the fact that neither of the component metals alone exhibit this
   behavior. We attribute the dendritic growth to chemically induced step
   edge diffusion barriers which must generally exist in multicomponent
   film growth.
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 29
Z9 29
SN 0031-9007
UT WOS:A1996UR09500027
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
   Katsuya, A
TI Multicomponent Co-based amorphous alloys with wide supercooled liquid
   region
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS JIM
VL 37
IS 6
BP 1332
EP 1336
DI 10.2320/matertrans1989.37.1332
PD JUN 1996
PY 1996
AB A ferromagnetic Go-based amorphous phase with a wide supercooled liquid
   region before crystallization was found to be formed in rapidly
   solidified Co(70)M(3)Al(5)Ga(2)P(15)B(4)C(1) (M=Cr or V) and
   Co67Cr3Fe3Al5Ga2P15B4C1 alloys. The glass transition temperature (T-g)
   and crystallization temperature (T-x) are in the ranges of 717 to 722 K
   and 766 to 768 K, respectively, and the temperature interval of the
   supercooled liquid region defined by the difference between T-g and T-x
   is 45 to 51 K. This is believed to be the first evidence on the
   appearance of Go-based amorphous alloys with the distinct glass
   transition and a wide supercooled liquid region. The crystallization
   takes place through a single stage resulting from the precipitation of
   four kinds of phases Co, Co2P, Co4B and Co3C. The crystallization
   process implies the necessity of a long-range rearrangement of
   constituent elements in the supercooled liquid. The necessity seems to
   be closely related to the increase in the thermal stability of the
   supercooled liquid through the retardation of the precipitation of the
   four crystalline phases. These Go-based amorphous alloys exhibit soft
   ferromagnetism with Curie temperatures ranging from 365 to 420 K. The
   saturation magnetization, coercivity and permeability at 1 kHz are in
   the range of 0.27 to 0.34 T, 4.5 to 8.0 A/m and 4600 to 5800,
   respectively. From the combination of the soft magnetic properties and a
   wide supercooled liquid region, we can expect future development of
   Go-based amorphous alloys as a new soft magnetic material with large
   glass-forming ability and good viscous deformability.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 69
Z8 12
ZB 0
Z9 81
SN 0916-1821
UT WOS:A1996VB57400011
ER

PT J
AU Tomiska, J
   Neckel, A
TI The Margules concept: The basis of modern algebraic representations of
   thermodynamic excess properties
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA
VL 17
IS 1
BP 11
EP 20
DI 10.1007/BF02648364
PD FEB 1996
PY 1996
AB A modern description of molar excess properties is reducible to the
   Margules concept of representing the partial pressure of the components
   of mixtures by power series, Unifying to a common parameter set for
   representing all component properties is possible, Generalization to
   multicomponent systems may be performed easily. The temperature
   dependence of the excess Gibbs energy, G(ex)(T,X), and of the enthalpy
   of mixing, Delta(mix)H(ex)(T,X), was incorporated, Application is
   illustrated with mass spectrometric data for liquid Au-Co alloys and
   with calorimetric data for liquid binary Sb-Sn and ternary Fe-Ni-Zr
   alloys, These three different application types demonstrate the
   usefulness, reliability, and powerfulness of the generalized Margules
   concept.
ZS 0
TC 10
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
Z9 10
SN 1054-9714
UT WOS:A1996TX28400004
ER

PT J
AU Kukushkin, SA
   Slyozov, VV
TI Theory of the Ostwald ripening in multicomponent systems under
   non-isothermal conditions
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
VL 57
IS 2
BP 195
EP 204
DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00158-1
PD FEB 1996
PY 1996
AB The Ostwald ripening of a new phase during decomposition and
   crystallization in multicomponent and multiphase solutions and melts is
   investigated. Both conservative and open systems under non-isothermal
   conditions are considered. It is shown that heat of chemical reaction
   will be liberated during the Ostwald ripening of new phase nuclei, and
   the heat liberated will increase the temperature of the system, leading
   to a change in the equilibrium composition of the components. Under
   these conditions some of the nuclei of the new phase will be unstable,
   and the diffusion and thermal fields will become self-consistent. A set
   of equations describing the evolution of such systems is derived and
   solved. It is shown that the size distribution functions for nuclei of
   the new phases are universal; as for the types of phases, these are
   determined by the relation between the quantities of dissolved
   substances, temperature and chemical reaction constants. An algebraic
   set of equations determining the types of co-existing phases of chemical
   compounds is obtained, and for each phase the size distribution function
   at a given time interval is found. General equations are also derived
   defining the regions of phase coexistence in the space of concentration
   and temperature. The formation or removal of a substance, and cooling or
   heating of a system lead to a redistribution of the size and composition
   of nuclei of the new phase. It is shown that there is an opportunity to
   control the structure and composition of a decomposed multicomponent
   solid solution, and the crystallization of a multicomponent melt.
RI Kukushkin, Sergey A/P-4505-2016
OI Kukushkin, Sergey A/0000-0002-2973-8645
TC 10
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z9 10
SN 0022-3697
UT WOS:A1996TT38600008
ER

PT J
AU Kerr, HW
   Kurz, W
TI Solidification of peritectic alloys
SO INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS
VL 41
IS 4
BP 129
EP 164
DI 10.1179/imr.1996.41.4.129
PD 1996
PY 1996
AB The solidification of peritectic alloys is reviewed, including both
   nucleation and growth. The introduction defines various compositions
   associated with binary peritectic alloys, their 'equilibrium'
   solidification, multicomponent peritectic systems, and metastable phases
   in peritectic systems. Nucleation studies are reviewed according to the
   rate of cooling and the type of specimen. Some comparisons are made with
   observations in eutectic alloys. At fast cooling rates metastable events
   can occur, as reviewed for alloys based on the AI-Ti and other systems.
   Growth studies in peritectic alloys have identified three stages: the
   'reaction' (th ree phases in contact); the 'transformation' (the
   peritectic phase thickens by solid state diffusion); and 'direct
   solidification' of the peritectic phase. Models of the stages are
   outlined and compared with experiment for various binary alloys,
   followed by a summary of observations of peritectic solidification in
   multicomponent Fe-Cr-Ni and Fe-C-X alloys. Recent advances of single
   phase solidification are reviewed and applied to phase selection with
   increased velocity, in peritectic alloys such as in Fe-Cr-Ni, Co-Sm-Cu,
   and Fe-Nd-B alloys. independent growth of the two solid phases also is
   discussed, as illustrated by superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O alloys. Attempts
   to produce coupled structures in peritectic alloys are reviewed,
   followed by a discussion of low velocity banding. Limitations in current
   experimental or theoretical work are pointed out to aid future work in
   this important area.
Z8 47
ZR 0
TC 249
ZB 7
ZS 2
Z9 273
SN 0950-6608
UT WOS:A1996WX17600001
ER

PT J
AU Ward, LP
   Strafford, KN
   Wilks, TP
   Subramanian, C
TI The role of refractory element based coatings on the tribological and
   biological behaviour of orthopaedic implants
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
VL 56
IS 1-4
BP 364
EP 374
DI 10.1016/0924-0136(95)01850-6
PD JAN 1996
PY 1996
AB In the area of orthopaedic implants, particularly hip joint
   replacements, only three groups of metals and alloys are considered
   suitable as load - bearing implant materials, namely Ti - Ti alloys, Co
   - Cr alloys and 316L stainless steel. As a result of problems, largely
   associated with failure of the anchoring poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)
   bone cement, the survival of present-day load - bearing prostheses
   cannot be guaranteed beyond 10 to 12 years. This limited lifespan has
   essentially limited joint replacements to the elderly. However, the
   increased number of younger patients requiring replacements has
   accentuated the need for joint prostheses with improved performance and
   longevity.
   The introduction of joint prostheses however with significantly enhanced
   durability in rum accentuates problems associated with implant
   loosening, wear, corrosion and, in particular, biological
   incompatibility. At present, very few monolithic materials are capable
   of satisfying all service requirements, The solution may lie in the use
   of coating technology, creating new materials/surfaces with unique
   combinations of properties that cannot be achieved from the use of
   monolithic materials alone.
   The first part of this paper reviews the types of coatings that have
   been used, or are currently being considered as implant materials, to
   include porous metallic coatings, ''bio-active'' (hydroxyapatite,
   bioglasses) and ''bio-inert'' (alumina) ceramic coatings. Their
   advantages and limitations will be discussed. The second part will focus
   on recent developments in the use of refractory element based coatings,
   with specific reference to work conducted on sputtered niobium and
   tantalum. Possible avenues for research to include advanced coating
   (multilayered / multicomponent) systems, surface treatments and duplex
   engineering will be reviewed.
CT International Conference on Advances in Materials and Processing
   Technologies (AMPT 93)
CY 1993
CL DUBLIN CITY UNIV, DUBLIN, IRELAND
HO DUBLIN CITY UNIV
RI Ward, Liam/B-5033-2019
OI Ward, Liam/0000-0002-8025-7425
ZS 0
TC 14
ZR 0
Z8 3
ZB 1
Z9 15
SN 0924-0136
UT WOS:A1996UR41700037
ER

PT J
AU Inoue, A
   Gook, JS
TI Effect of additional elements (M) on the thermal stability of
   supercooled liquid in Fe(72-x)Al(5)Ga(2)P(11)C(6)B(4)M(x) glassy alloys
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS JIM
VL 37
IS 1
BP 32
EP 38
DI 10.2320/matertrans1989.37.32
PD JAN 1996
PY 1996
AB The dissolution of 2 at%Nb, 5%Mo, 4%Cr or 6%Co for the
   Fe(72-x)Al(5)Ga(2)P(11)C(6)B(4)M(x) glassy alloys was found to be
   effective for the extension of the supercooled liquid region defined by
   the difference in the glass transition temperature (T-g) and
   crystallization temperature (T-x), Delta T-x(=T-x-T-g). The Delta T-x,
   value is 60 K for the Fe-Al-Ga-P-C-B alloy and increases to 66 K for
   M=2%Nb, 62 K for 4%Mo, 61 K for 4%Cr or 6%Co. The increase in Delta T-x
   is due to the increase in T-x exceeding the degree in the increase in
   T-g. The crystallization of the glassy alloys with Delta T-x above 60 K
   takes place through a single stage of amorphous
   (Am)-alpha-Fe+Fe3P+Fe3C+Fe3B and no appreciable change in the
   crystallized structure with M elements is seen. On the other hand, the
   addition of 2%Cu or 2%Ni causes the disappearance of the glass
   transition phenomenon before crystallization, accompanying the change in
   the crystallization process to the two stages of
   Am-->Am'+alpha-Fe-->alpha-Fe+Fe3P+Fe3C+Fe3B. It is therefore concluded
   that the appearance of the wide supercooled liquid region is due to the
   retardation of crystallization resulting from the redistribution of the
   constituent elements on a long range scale which is required for the
   simultaneous precipitation of the four crystalline phases. The
   effectiveness of additional Nb, Mo or Cr element is presumably because
   the redistribution of the constituent elements leading to the
   crystallization becomes difficult.
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZR 0
Z8 12
TC 111
ZB 1
ZS 0
Z9 121
SN 0916-1821
UT WOS:A1996TZ16300003
ER

PT J
AU Tarasenko, LV
TI Effect of alloying elements on the formation of Laves phase, sigma
   phase, and R phase in multicomponent BCC Fe-based alloys .1. Experiment
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 2
BP 37
EP 41
PD 1996
PY 1996
AB The experimental and calculation method fbr the determination of the
   mechanism of the effects of alloying elements on aging in the bcc
   Fe-based Cr-Mo-Co-Ni-W and Cr-Mo-Co-Ni alloys with the formation of
   multicomponent (Me(A), Me(i))(m) (Fe, Me(i))(n) intermetallic compounds
   is proposed. The method combines a physicochemical analysis of the
   determination of the amounts and compositions of phases and the
   calculation of the thermodynamic activity of a Me(A) element forming the
   phase and of the excessive Gibbs energy of binary compounds. The
   intermetallic phases with tetrahedral close-packed lattices are the
   subject of the study. The dependences of the minimal Me(A)
   concentrations necessary for the formation of binary Laves phases on the
   enthalpy of their formation. are constructed for the estimation of the
   effects of Me(A) elements on the Gibbs energy of the formation of
   multicomponent intermetallic compounds.
TC 0
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 0
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1996VN67800008
ER

PT J
AU Tarasenko, AV
TI Effect of alloying elements on the formation of Laves phase, sigma phase
   and R phase upon aging of multicomponent iron-based alloys .2. Phase
   compositions and thermodynamic parameters of solid solutions
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 2
BP 42
EP 46
PD 1996
PY 1996
AB The method combining experimental study and calculation of the effects
   of elements on aging leading to the formation of intermetallic phases is
   used for bcc iron-based Cr-Ni-Co-Mo-W-Nb and Cr-Ni-Co-Mo alloys.
   Titanium, niobium, tungsten, and chromium are shown to increase the
   amounts of lambda(1), sigma, and R phases formed during aging. The
   mechanism of the effect of elements on decrease in the Gibbs energy of
   aging is considered. It is suggested that the thermodynamic stability of
   the R, sigma, chi. and mu intermetallic compounds in multicomponent
   iron-based alloys containing Me(A) elements of IV-VI groups is higher
   than that is in binary alloys.
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 0
Z9 0
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1996VN67800009
ER

PT J
AU Lei, YQ
   Jiang, JJ
   Sun, DL
   Wu, J
   Wang, QD
TI Effect of rare earth composition on the electrochemical properties of
   multicomponent RENi(5-x)M(x) (M=Co,Mn,Ti) alloys
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 231
IS 1-2
BP 553
EP 557
DI 10.1016/0925-8388(95)01726-7
PD DEC 15 1995
PY 1995
AB The electrochemical properties of RENi(5-x)M(x) (M = Co, Mn, Ti)
   hydrogen storage alloys with different compositions of rare earth
   components (RE = La1-x-y-zCexNdyPrz) were systematically examined. The
   results showed that La, Ce, Nd and Pr all had big effects on the
   electrode performance. A mathematical-methodological approach to
   compositions was used and the results showed that all had the combined
   effect on the electrode properties. A computer program was adopted to
   draw out isographs including the isodischarge capacity, iso-high-rate
   dischargeability and isocycle life of multicomponent alloy electrodes
   vs. the composition of quasi-ternary rare earth elements.
CT International Symposium on Metal-Hydrogen Systems - Fundamentals and
   Applications
CY NOV 06-11, 1994
CL FUJIYOSHIDA SHI, JAPAN
ZS 1
Z8 12
TC 27
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 37
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:A1995TQ53600103
ER

PT J
AU Guttmann, M
TI Thermochemical interactions versus site competition in grain boundary
   segregation and embrittlement in multicomponent systems
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV
VL 5
IS C7
BP 85
EP 96
DI 10.1051/jp4:1995707
PD NOV 1995
PY 1995
AB Several elementary mechanisms play a role in intergranular segregation
   and embrittlement in multicomponent systems : site competition,
   attractive and repulsive chemical interactions. The physical
   significance of these interactions, their thermodynamic modeling and
   validity, and the experimental evidence available for each of them are
   discussed with particular emphasis on Fe-base alloys with metallic and
   non-metallic segregating solutes.
CT 2nd Conference on Ultra-High Purity Base Metals (UHPM-95)
CY JUN 13-16, 1995
CL ECOLE MINES, ST ETIENNE, FRANCE
HO ECOLE MINES
SP EMSE; ERAI; PECHINEY; IRSID Usinor Sacilor; EDF; CEA; CNRS; SAINT
   ETIENNE CITY COUNCIL
ZS 0
ZR 1
ZB 0
TC 15
Z8 0
Z9 16
SN 1155-4339
UT WOS:A1995TV55200008
ER

PT J
AU Lemoisson, F
   Bienvenu, Y
   Ansara, I
   DurandCharre, M
   Oliveira, M
   Mascarenhas, J
   Wronski, AS
   Wright, CS
TI Computer-aided design of sinterable tool steels - Towards improved
   sinterability and improved mechanical properties starting from
   water-atomised powders
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF METALLURGY
VL 24
IS 5-6
BP 216
EP 221
PD OCT-DEC 1995
PY 1995
AB Background/aims: In a European Union supported project, the idea that
   the sintering window for a tool steel, i.e., temperature region where
   full density is reached with no distortion and a sound microstructure,
   corresponding to a 3-phase region, austenite + carbide + liquid, of the
   multicomponent phase diagram, has been validated and exploited. An
   additional objective was to achieve sintering to full density as close
   as possible to 1150 degrees C, the current limit for continuous
   sintering furnaces.
   Methods: Using thermodynamic calculations, novel alloys have been
   designated, based on tungsten or molybdenum bearing iron-base
   quaternaries. Alloys have been processed following the more economical
   route of water atomisation/cold pressing/vacuum sintering/heat treating.
   Property assessment, include bend testing, tribological testing and
   cutting tests. The sintering windows were extended up to 40 degrees C
   and densification was achieved in some alloys at 1170 degrees C.
   Results and conclusions: The grades that come closest to the objectives
   of the study include a carbon-enriched T1 and novel compositions: a
   quaternary Fe- 1.3 C- 3.5 Cr- 14.1 Mo and a quinary Fe- 1.4 C- 4.0 Cr-
   14.0 Mo- 8 Co. In correctly processed materials, grain size is typically
   10/15 mu m and carbide size does not exceed 15 mu m, slightly more than
   in conventional wrought high-speed steels. Hardness ranges from 810 to
   960 Hv. Friction wear resistance (pin on disc testing) was generally
   somewhat inferior to that of conventional grades, but vanadium-bearing
   grades behave better as the MC carbides are harder than the M(6)C.
   Initial single point turning trials show characteristics comparabale to
   or better than those of standard butt welded T1 and M2 tools at speeds
   up to 45 m/min.
RI Mascarenhas, Joao/L-3318-2014
OI Mascarenhas, Joao/0000-0003-0440-8057
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 1
ZS 0
Z8 0
Z9 1
SN 0371-0459
UT WOS:A1995UH30900004
ER

PT J
AU HSU, YS
   PERNG, TP
TI HYDROGENATION OF MULTICOMPONENT ZR-BASE C15 TYPE ALLOYS
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 227
IS 2
BP 180
EP 185
DI 10.1016/0925-8388(95)01646-5
PD SEP 1 1995
PY 1995
AB A series of multicomponent Zr-base AB(2) alloys (Zr-Mn-Ni, Zr-Ti-Mn-Ni,
   Zr-Mn-V-Ni, and Zr-Mn-V-Co-Ni) were prepared. The major phase in the
   alloys had a C15-type structure with the lattice parameter varying with
   the atomic radii of A and B atoms. Absorption and desorption of hydrogen
   gas were performed in a Sievert's apparatus. The kinetics of the first
   few cycles of hydriding-dehydriding was collected. The P-C-T curves were
   also established for these alloys. It was found that these kinetic and
   thermodynamic properties were highly dependent on the solid solution in
   atomic site of A or B. The hydrogenation properties are explained based
   on the composition, the alloying element. and the free cell volume of
   the alloys.
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 17
Z8 5
ZR 0
Z9 21
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:A1995RU47400018
ER

PT J
AU WEIZHONG, T
   YINGXIN, G
   HAOYU, Z
TI ELECTRODE STABILITIES OF COPPER-CONTAINING MISCH METAL-NICKEL-BASED
   HYDRIDE FORMING ALLOYS
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
VL 25
IS 9
BP 874
EP 880
DI 10.1007/BF00772208
PD SEP 1995
PY 1995
AB Electrochemical charge-discharge cycling measurements were conducted on
   electrode samples prepared from alloy powders of a series of
   Cu-containing Ce- and La-rich misch metal (Mm and Ml,
   respectively)-Ni-based stoichiometric multicomponent alloys. A severe
   decrease in the electrochemical capacity was observed for Mm-Ni-Al
   electrodes, which was believed to be related to the deterioration of
   electrical contact within the electrodes, in addition to the
   decomposition of the active materials. Although the addition of cobalt
   powders to these electrodes improved the electrical contact within the
   electrodes, it had no effect on retarding the decomposition of the
   active materials. The substitution of copper into the Mm-Ni-Al
   composition improved the stability of this electrode material, but
   brought about a decrease in its electrochemical capacity. As a
   compromise, partial substitutions of copper for cobalt in Mm-Ni-Co-Al,
   Mm-Ni-Co-Mn-Al as well as Ml-Ni-Co-Al alloys were proved to be possible
   without remarkable changes in electrode properties, but too much of this
   substitution brought about decreases in material stability, which was
   observed to be accompanied by an increase in tendency of the materials
   to pulverize during electrochemical cycling.
ZS 0
TC 10
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z8 0
Z9 10
SN 0021-891X
UT WOS:A1995RU78300011
ER

PT J
AU TANAKA, T
   AARONSON, HI
   ENOMOTO, M
TI CALCULATIONS OF ALPHA/GAMMA PHASE BOUNDARIES IN FE-C-X(1)-X(2) SYSTEMS
   FROM THE CENTRAL ATOMS MODEL
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 26
IS 3
BP 535
EP 545
DI 10.1007/BF02663904
PD MAR 1995
PY 1995
AB The alpha/gamma phase boundaries in Fe-C-X(1)-X(2) quaternary alloys
   (where X(1) = Mn and X(2) = Si, Ni, and Co, successively) are calculated
   from the Central Atoms model, as generalized to multicomponent systems
   by Foo and Lupis. The interaction parameters are evaluated from the
   Wagner interaction parameters in ternary iron alloys reported in the
   literature or estimated from the interaction parameters in binary
   alloys. Two equilibrium conditions, para- and orthoequilibrium, are
   utilized. In the Fe-C-Mn-Si system, a mixed state of equilibrium, in
   which orthoequilibrium is achieved with respect to C and Si while the
   other two substitutional elements (Fe and Mn) are assumed to be immobile
   (paraequilibrium), is also considered. The calculated phase boundaries
   are employed to evaluate the free energy change for the nucleation and
   the growth kinetics of proeutectoid ferrite in these alloys in companion
   articles.
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 10
Z8 2
Z9 10
SN 1073-5623
UT WOS:A1995QH15500004
ER

PT J
AU TANAKA, T
   AARONSON, HI
   ENOMOTO, M
TI GROWTH-KINETICS OF GRAIN-BOUNDARY ALLOTRIOMORPHS OF PROEUTECTOID FERRITE
   IN FE-C-MN-X(2) ALLOYS
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 26
IS 3
BP 561
EP 580
DI 10.1007/BF02663906
PD MAR 1995
PY 1995
AB The parabolic rate constant for the thickening of grain boundary ferrite
   allotriomorphs at the faces of austenite grain boundaries was measured
   as a function of isothermal transformation temperature in three
   Fe-C-X(1)-X(2) alloys where X(1) is Mn and X(2) is successively Si, Ni,
   and Co. The results were compared with the predictions of the local
   equilibrium model for multicomponent systems and with those derived from
   the theory of growth under paraequilibrium conditions. The distribution
   of Mn and Si in ferrite and austenite in the Fe-C-Mn-Si alloy was also
   measured as a function of reaction temperature with transmission
   electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
   (EDX). The observed temperature below which alloying element partition
   ceased was in good agreement with the local equilibrium model. Whereas
   the parabolic rate constant for thickening was considerably larger than
   the amount predicted by this theory in the alloying element
   diffusion-controlled regime, the opposite was true in the carbon
   diffusion-controlled regime. Similarly, the calculated paraequilibrium
   constant was usually considerably larger than that measured
   experimentally. Synergistic enhancements of the effects of Mn and X(2)
   in diminishing thickening kinetics were observed for each X(2). The
   time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curves for the beginning of
   transformation were calculated from a modified Cahn analysis for the
   overall kinetics of grain-boundary-nucleated reactions using values of
   the nucleation rate and the parabolic growth rate constant computed from
   various models and compared with experimentally determined TTT curves.
   Substantial discrepancies between the calculated and measured curves
   were ascribed to synergistic effects of Mn and X(2) upon nucleation and
   growth kinetics.
ZS 0
TC 29
ZB 0
Z8 4
ZR 0
Z9 29
SN 1073-5623
UT WOS:A1995QH15500006
ER

PT J
AU KIM, JK
TI COMPATIBILIZATION EFFECT OF A BLOCK-COPOLYMER IN 2 RANDOM COPOLYMER
   BLENDS
SO POLYMER
VL 36
IS 6
BP 1243
EP 1252
DI 10.1016/0032-3861(95)93927-E
PD MAR 1995
PY 1995
AB The stability limit and spinodal points of a multicomponent polymer
   system have been studied with the structure factors, S-ij(q), which were
   obtained using the random phase approximation and incompressibility
   constraint. Emphasis was placed on the effect of the volume fraction of
   component A,f(I), in a block copolymer, A-block-B, on the spinodal
   points for macrophase separation of an (A-block-B)(B-ran-C)/(A-ran-D)
   mixture. The behaviour of the spinodal point for macrophase separation,
   and thus the compatibilization effect, depends very much on f(I) for
   given weight fractions of the two homopolymers (or a homopolymer and a
   random copolymer). The spinodal points of microphase transitions in
   addition to those of macrophase separation are also discussed.
RI Kim, Jin Kon/R-7612-2019
Z8 1
ZS 0
TC 14
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 14
SN 0032-3861
UT WOS:A1995QP10300016
ER

PT J
AU GENG, MM
TI ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NI-PD-COATED MMNI(5)-BASED ALLOY
   POWDER FOR NICKEL METAL HYDRIDE BATTERIES
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 217
IS 1
BP 90
EP 93
DI 10.1016/0925-8388(94)01283-N
PD JAN 15 1995
PY 1995
AB Negative electrodes were made from a multicomponent alloy
   (Mm(0.9)Ti(0.1)Ni(3.9)Mn(0.4)Co(0.4)Al(0.3)) powder coated with 10 wt.%
   palladium and nickel. The capacity decay of the Ni-Pd-coated alloy
   electrode was only 3% after 200 cycles compared with its saturated value
   at 27 degrees C. Experimental Ni-MH batteries (AA size, 1 A h) using the
   Ni-Pd-coated and uncoated alloy powders were assembled to clarify the
   discharge characteristics. The average discharge voltage of the battery
   using the Ni-Pd-coated alloy powder was 1.27 V at 0.4 C rate and the
   discharge capacity at 3 C rate was 76% of the value at 0.4 C rate.
Z8 1
TC 20
ZS 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 21
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:A1995QC38100015
ER

PT J
AU MANJAREKAR, SV
   ARGEKAR, AP
TI CATION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHIC-SEPARATION OF ZINC IN MIXED-SOLVENTS AND
   NONAQUEOUS HYDROBROMIC ACID-MEDIA
SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS
VL 28
IS 9
BP 1711
EP 1727
DI 10.1080/00032719508002776
PD 1995
PY 1995
AB Cation exchange behaviour of Zn(II) on Dowex 50 W X 8 (H+ form) resin
   has been studied in mixed solvents and non-aqueous HBr system. 20-90%
   organic solvents like Acetone, Methanol, Tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-Dioxane,
   Ethanol in conjunction with 0.2M or 0.5M HBr were used as eluants.
   Separation of zinc from binary mixtures containing Ga(III), Th (IV),
   Ce(III), Fe(III), Ba(II), Co(II)-, Cu(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Ca(II),
   Ti(IV), Li(II), Na(I), K(I) have been studied. Separation of zinc from
   multicomponent mixtures have been accomplished. The proposed method has
   been applied for the analysis of alloys, environmental and
   pharmaceutical samples.
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
TC 2
Z9 2
SN 0003-2719
UT WOS:A1995RJ11000013
ER

PT J
AU Vekilov, YK
   Ruban, AV
   Skorodumova, NV
TI Electronic spectrum of d impurities and phase stability in
   multicomponent solid solutions of transition metals
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 5
BP 95
EP 99
PD 1995
PY 1995
AB The boundaries of phase stability were analysed for ternary solid
   solutions of transition metals by the position of d-peak of impurity
   element relative to the Fermi level (M(d) method). The calculation of
   impurity states was performed by a method of LMTO Green's function. The
   phase boundaries of ternary nickel-based solid solutions were
   constructed. The limits ui the applicability of the method were
   considered.
RI Ruban, Andrei/B-7457-2012
OI Ruban, Andrei/0000-0002-3880-0965
TC 0
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 0
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1995UH04700016
ER

PT J
AU KOBA, ES
   MILMAN, YV
   TIMOFEEVA, II
TI STRENGTHENING OF METALLIC GLASSES AFTER HIGH-PRESSURE WORKING AND
   LOW-TEMPERATURE ANNEALING
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 215
IS 1-2
BP 77
EP 82
DI 10.1016/0925-8388(94)90821-4
PD NOV 1994
PY 1994
AB The effects of high pressure working and low temperature annealing on
   the structure and microhardness of Fe-, Fe-Ni- and Co-based metallic
   glasses have been investigated. The possibility of strengthening has
   been found for both binary and multicomponent metallic glasses. The
   behaviour of the microhardness dependence on the applied pressure, with
   a microhardness maximum at 3-5 GPa, and the behaviour of the
   microhardness dependence on the temperature of annealing, with two
   maxima, are discussed in terms of rearrangements of structural defects
   in metallic glasses. A certain similarity of high pressure working and
   low temperature annealing effects on the structure and microhardness of
   metallic glasses has been found.
OI Milman, Yuly/0000-0003-1889-7373
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:A1994PT40500011
ER

PT J
AU GHOSH, G
   OLSON, GB
TI KINETICS OF FCC-]BCC HETEROGENEOUS MARTENSITIC NUCLEATION .1. THE
   CRITICAL DRIVING-FORCE FOR ATHERMAL NUCLEATION
SO ACTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA
VL 42
IS 10
BP 3361
EP 3370
DI 10.1016/0956-7151(94)90468-5
PD OCT 1994
PY 1994
AB Employing available experimental data for athermal f.c.c. --> b.c.c.
   martensitic transformation in binary, ternary and multicomponent Fe-base
   alloys, a model is developed and tested for the critical driving force
   at the M(s) temperature. Incorporating the theory of solid solution
   hardening, we describe the composition dependence of the athermal
   frictional work for martensitic interface motion governing the kinetics
   of barrierless heterogeneous nucleation. The available data suggests
   that the composition dependence of the athermal frictional work is of
   the same form as that for slip deformation. We have evaluated the
   athermal strengths of 14 alloying elements Al, C, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, N,
   Nb, Ni, Si, Ti, V and W from the experimental data. Except for Al, Ni
   and Co, the athermal strengths of the common substitutional alloying
   elements are similar in magnitude, while the interstitial solutes C and
   N exert a stronger influence. Previously proposed superposition laws are
   used to account for the presence of multiple solutes having different
   athermal strengths. With an improved assessment of the magnetic
   parameters of alloy systems, the model predicts M(s) temperatures within
   +40K for M(s)>300 K where thermal contributions to the frictional work
   can be neglected.
RI Ghosh, Gautam/B-7517-2009; Olson, Gregory B/B-7529-2009
ZR 0
ZB 1
ZS 0
Z8 7
TC 173
Z9 175
SN 0956-7151
UT WOS:A1994PF50500012
ER

PT J
AU LIN, CS
   SEKHAR, JA
TI SOLIDIFICATION MORPHOLOGY AND SEMISOLID DEFORMATION IN SUPERALLOY
   RENE-108 .4. DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED MICROSTRUCTURES
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 29
IS 19
BP 5005
EP 5013
DI 10.1007/BF01151091
PD OCT 1 1994
PY 1994
AB A high temperature nickel-base superalloy (Rene 108) was directionally
   solidified by imposing various growth rates and thermal gradients using
   a modified Bridgeman apparatus. The scaling of the solidification
   structure was recorded as a function of the imposed growth variables. A
   special Gleeble testing procedure, developed previously where the
   solidified samples were quickly raised to a predetermined. temperature
   in the semi-solid zone and fractured, was used for the measurement of
   fracture conditions in the semi-solid region. The effect of the
   solidification process variables, namely, the temperature gradient and
   velocity, on the fracture stress in the transverse direction was to
   increase the fracture stress at a given temperature. The upper
   hot-tearing temperature was noted to be afunction of the solidification
   variables. The amount of Strain accommodation and the hot tearing
   resistance was found to be influenced by the solidification
   microstructure. Fracture maps, which include the temperature, transverse
   fracture stress and temperature gradient during solidification
   (T-sigma(T)-G), for the directionally solidified microstructures are
   presented. Castability maps are created from the microstructure and the
   fracture data and display the porosity and semi-solid strength as a
   function of the casting variables.
ZS 0
TC 13
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
Z9 13
SN 0022-2461
UT WOS:A1994PL02400010
ER

PT J
AU LU, F
   PERRY, CH
   NAMAVAR, F
TI OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF BURIED COBALT DISILICIDE LAYERS IN SILICON
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
VL 75
IS 11
BP 7465
EP 7469
DI 10.1063/1.356616
PD JUN 1 1994
PY 1994
AB The optical reflectivity from highly conducting buried and exposed CoSi2
   layers produced by Co ion implantation of Si substrates has been
   measured over the energy range 0.012-6.2 eV (0.2-100 mum). Both
   as-implanted and high temperature annealed heteroepitaxial layers were
   investigated. The frequency dependant optical constants associated with
   the CoSi2 films were derived from the multicomponent reflectivity
   spectra; the analysis accounted for the contributions from the Si-CoSi2
   interfaces. A Drude term was used to describe the free carriers, and a
   classical oscillator model was included to simulate interband electronic
   transitions for the CoSi2. The plasma frequency and relaxation time of
   the free carriers were measured as a function of anneal conditions. A
   direct correlation between the effective carrier concentration and the
   measured channeling data from Rutherford backscattering was observed.
ZR 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 3
Z9 3
SN 0021-8979
UT WOS:A1994NQ26700046
ER

PT J
AU INOUE, A
   NISHIYAMA, N
   AMIYA, K
   ZHANG, T
   MASUMOTO, T
TI TI-BASED AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS WITH A WIDE SUPERCOOLED LIQUID REGION
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
VL 19
IS 3-4
BP 131
EP 135
DI 10.1016/0167-577X(94)90057-4
PD APR 1994
PY 1994
AB Ti-Cu-Ni-Co quaternary amorphous alloys produced by melt spinning were
   found to have a wide supercooled liquid region before crystallization,
   though no glass transition was observed in Ti-Cu binary amorphous
   alloys. The largest temperature interval of the supercooled liquid
   region (DELTAT(x)) is as large as 90 K for Ti50Cu25Ni20Co5. There is a
   tendency for DELTAT(x) to increase with an increase in storage modulus
   and with a decrease in loss modulus. It is therefore presumed that the
   increase in DELTAT(x) for the multicomponent amorphous alloy is due to
   the suppression of crystallization for the supercooled liquid resulting
   from the increase in viscosity.
RI Amiya, Kenji/P-6132-2014; Zhang, Tao/O-4911-2014; Nishiyama, Nobuyuki/C-8228-2015; Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015
ZR 0
Z8 30
ZS 0
TC 185
ZB 0
Z9 202
SN 0167-577X
UT WOS:A1994NH47700008
ER

PT J
AU MURAKAMI, H
   HARADA, H
   BHADESHIA, HKDH
TI THE LOCATION OF ATOMS IN RE-CONTAINING AND V-CONTAINING MULTICOMPONENT
   NICKEL-BASE SINGLE-CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
VL 76
IS 1-4
BP 177
EP 183
DI 10.1016/0169-4332(94)90340-9
PD MAR 1994
PY 1994
AB The atomic structure of some Ni-base single-crystal superalloys has been
   investigated using atom-probe field ion microscopy (APFIM) and the
   results compared with numerical estimations obtained from the alloy
   design program (ADP) and the cluster variation method (CVM).
   Re-containing CMSX4 and V-containing RR2000 alloys, together with TMS63
   are the subjects of this study. It is found that Ti, Ta and Hf have a
   strong preference for the gamma' phase, whereas Cr, Co, W, Re and Mo
   tend to dissolve in the gamma phase. V has a very weak preference for
   the gamma phase. The results agree very well with both ADP and CVM. The
   APFIM analyses have also revealed that Re atoms in CMSX4 tend to
   preferentially occupy the sites normally designated for Al atoms in the
   gamma' phase. It is demonstrated that the site occupancy of other
   alloying elements such as Ta, W, Mo and Co can be estimated accurately
   using CVM, although there are some discrepancies for the distributions
   of Cr, Ti and Ni. The effect of solute atom distribution on creep
   properties is discussed briefly.
CT 40th International Field Emission Symposium
CY AUG 02-06, 1993
CL NAGOYA, JAPAN
SP INT FIELD EMISS SOC; AICHI PREFECTURAL GOVT; MINIST EDUC SCI & CULTURE
   JAPAN; COMMEMMORAT ASSOC JAPAN WORLD EXPOSIT; NAGOYA IND SCI RES INST;
   RES FDN MAT SCI; SHIMADZU SCI FDN; CITY NAGOYA; DAIKO FDN; JAPAN IRON &
   STEEL FEDERAT; KAJIMA FDN; MURATA SCI FDN; YOSHIDA FDN SCI & TECHNOL
Z8 0
ZB 1
TC 45
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 45
SN 0169-4332
UT WOS:A1994ND58700030
ER

PT J
AU MOHITE, BS
   ZAMBARE, DN
TI COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHIC-SEPARATION OF MOLYBDENUM(VI) FROM HYDROBROMIC
   ACID-MEDIUM USING POLY-(DIBENZO-18-CROWN-6)
SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS
VL 27
IS 12
BP 2387
EP 2401
DI 10.1080/00032719408005991
PD 1994
PY 1994
AB A very simple method has been developed for the separation of
   molybdenum(VI) with poly-(dibenzo-18-crown-6) from hydrobromic acid
   medium using column chromatographic technique. The adsorption of
   molybdenum(VI) was quantitative from 5.5-8.0 M HBr. The capacity of
   poly-(dibenzo-l 8-crown-6) for Mo(VI) was found to be 10.423 m.mole/g.
   of crown polymer. Amongst various eluents, 0.1-8.0 M NH4OH, 0.1-4.5 M
   HClO4 and 2.0-7.0 M H2SO4 were found to be efficient eluents for Mo(VI).
   The separation of Mo(VI) was achieved from a number of elements in
   binary mixtures. Most of the elements showed higher tolerance limit. The
   separation of Mo(VI) was also achieved fi-om a number of elements such
   as Fe(lll), Ba, V(V), Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II)
   etc. in multicomponent mixtures. The method was extended to the analysis
   of molybdenum in a number of alloy samples. The method is very simple,
   rapid, selective and reproducible. The recovery of Mo(VI) in all
   instances from duplicate determination is 100 +/- 2%. The
   reproducibility of the procedure is +/- 2%.
Z8 0
TC 4
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z9 4
SN 0003-2719
UT WOS:A1994PD60300016
ER

PT J
AU XU, C
   KOEL, BE
TI ADSORPTION-KINETICS ON CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED OR BIMETALLIC SURFACES
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
VL 100
IS 1
BP 664
EP 670
DI 10.1063/1.466931
PD JAN 1 1994
PY 1994
AB Surface adatom modifiers that act as promoters or poisons on transition
   metal catalysts can have a large influence on adsorption kinetics along
   with their influence on adsorption energetics. Accounting for this
   effect requires recognition of the role of a new kind of intrinsic
   precursor -the modifier precursor state. A mathematical description of
   the adsorption kinetics of molecules on chemically modified or
   bimetallic surfaces incorporating this state has been derived based on
   Kisliuk's statistical model [P. Kisliuk, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 3, 95
   (1957)]. The resulting equation can be used to explain satisfactorily
   data on CO adsorption kinetics on chemically modified (Cl-, P-, S-, H-,
   O-, and K-precovered) Pt(111) surfaces. This concept should have broad
   implications for many systems in heterogeneous catalysis, such as
   bimetallic and alloy surfaces and coadsorbed layers, and for the
   multicomponent surfaces that are involved in materials growth and
   processing.
RI Koel, Bruce/H-3857-2013
OI Koel, Bruce/0000-0002-0032-4991
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZS 0
TC 22
ZR 0
Z9 22
SN 0021-9606
UT WOS:A1994MN42600075
ER

PT J
AU RAO, GH
   WU, S
   YAN, XH
   ZHANG, YL
   TANG, WH
   LIANG, JK
TI ENTHALPIES OF FORMATION OF RARE-EARTH 3D METAL-ALLOYS AND INTERMETALLIC
   COMPOUNDS
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
VL 202
BP 101
EP 106
DI 10.1016/0925-8388(93)90525-R
PD DEC 10 1993
PY 1993
AB The enthalpies of formation of rare earth-3d metal alloys and
   intermetallic compounds have been calculated by Miedema's semiempirical
   method. The calculations agree well with experimental enthalpy data and
   with phase diagram information. A brief comment on Miedema's model is
   given and the possibility of predicting the enthalpies of formation of
   multicomponent alloys and intermetallic compounds is discussed.
ZS 0
Z8 3
ZR 0
TC 15
ZB 0
Z9 17
SN 0925-8388
UT WOS:A1993MK67800026
ER

PT J
AU FRENK, A
   HENCHOZ, N
   KURZ, W
TI LASER CLADDING OF A COBALT-BASED ALLOY - PROCESSING PARAMETERS AND
   MICROSTRUCTURE
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE
VL 84
IS 12
BP 886
EP 892
PD DEC 1993
PY 1993
AB Laser cladding experiments with a hypoeutectic Stellite 6 alloy were
   carried out with a low (1.67 mm/s), an intermediate (13.3 mm/s) and a
   very high (167 mm/s) scanning speed in order to examine the influence of
   the processing conditions on the type, size and fraction of phases
   present. Altering the scanning speed over two orders of magnitude led to
   a marked decrease in the microstructural size. With the fast processing
   conditions, the fraction of interdendritic eutectic was also decreased.
   The results are discussed based on a recent dendritic growth model for
   multicomponent alloys, using the solidification conditions deduced from
   a two-dimensional (2D) heat flux model and the phase diagram parameters
   determined with numerical calculations of the quaternary Co Cr-C-W phase
   diagram.
TC 32
ZS 0
Z8 1
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 32
SN 0044-3093
UT WOS:A1993MN76000011
ER

PT J
AU WANG, H
   LUCK, R
   PREDEL, B
TI MIXING ENTHALPY OF LIQUID FE-CO-TI ALLOYS
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
VL 156
BP 388
EP 392
DI 10.1016/0022-3093(93)90203-A
PN 1
PD MAY 1993
PY 1993
AB The enthalpies of mixing of liquid Fe-Co-Ti alloys have been measured
   calorimetrically for the section Fe0.9Co0.1-Ti at a temperature of
   1600-degrees-C. The liquid Fe0.9Co0.1-Ti alloys show negative mixing
   enthalpies, which are more negative than those of liquid binary Fe-Ti
   alloys because of the strong interaction between the Co and Ti atoms.
   The enthalpy data have been fitted by a least-squares method to a
   modified power series. Comparing the results from the calorimetric
   measurements with those from calculation by means of different
   algorithms of extrapolation from the binary boundary systems, the
   so-called Hillert-2 geometry turned out to the most suitable geometry
   for interpolation of the ternary Fe-Co-Ti system. In consequence, by use
   of this geometry the mixing enthalpy of liquid Fe-Co-Ti alloys has been
   calculated in the entire ternary system. Beyond the concentration range
   where experiments could be performed, the results of the calculation
   could be taken as a good approximation.
CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON LIQUID AND AMORPHOUS METALS
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 1992
CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SP INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS; EUROPEAN PHYS SOC; AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI;
   AUSTRIAN MINIST SCI & RES; FONDS CHEM IND; CREDITANSTALT BANKVEREIN;
   WIENER FREMDENVEKEHRSVERBAND
Z8 0
ZB 0
TC 7
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 7
SN 0022-3093
UT WOS:A1993LC96400085
ER

PT J
AU BLACHER, S
   BROUERS, F
   FAYT, R
   TEYSSIE, P
TI MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS - A NEW METHOD FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE
   MORPHOLOGY OF MULTICOMPONENT POLYMER SYSTEMS
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
VL 31
IS 6
BP 655
EP 662
DI 10.1002/polb.1993.090310605
PD MAY 1993
PY 1993
AB It has been demonstrated that use of polymeric emulsifiers under usual
   processing conditions in the melt state is a powerful technique for
   preparing polymer alloys. Digitized representation of optical
   micrographs of thin sections of blends of a low-density polyethylene and
   polystyrene (20 wt % PE-80 wt % PS) containing 2 and 5 wt % of two
   hydrogenated polybutadiene-polystyrene block copolymers exhibit
   different degrees of homogeneity as well as different morphological
   structures which can be studied by a multifractal analysis. We show how
   these differences are reflected in the f (alpha) spectrum of
   singularities which can be obtained by a box counting method in the
   canonical approximation. We have found a correlation between the f
   (alpha) curves and the mechanical properties of the corresponding
   samples: the samples which area the less multifractals have the best
   mechanical properties.
ZR 0
TC 18
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 18
SN 0887-6266
UT WOS:A1993KY51900005
ER

PT J
AU WILLIAMS, DB
   SONI, KK
   TSENG, MW
   CHABALA, JM
   LEVISETTI, R
TI SCANNING ION MICROPROBE ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE-MATERIALS
SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
VL 169
BP 163
EP 172
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1993.tb03291.x
PN 2
PD FEB 1993
PY 1993
AB Applications of scanning ion imaging with high lateral resolution in the
   microchemical investigation of metal- and ceramic-matrix composites are
   described. The technique, which combines a scanning ion microprobe with
   secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), is ideally suited to the study
   of complex, multicomponent composite structures. Most elements can be
   detected with good sensitivity, enabling the determination of spatial
   distributions for major and minor elements. Analytical images obtained
   with this technique reveal unprecedented chemical information about
   interfacial segregation and interdiffusion phenomena. As examples, the
   characterization of both ceramic-matrix (Al borate-SiC) and metal-matrix
   (Ni alloy-Al2O3) composite materials is described.
ZB 0
Z8 0
TC 8
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 8
SN 0022-2720
EI 1365-2818
UT WOS:A1993KR18000007
ER

PT J
AU PETOTERVAS, G
   PETOT, C
   MONCEAU, D
   LOUDJANI, M
TI CATION REDISTRIBUTION IN OXIDES UNDER OXYGEN POTENTIAL GRADIENTS -
   INFLUENCE ON THE CORROSION KINETICS
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
VL 53
BP 270
EP 279
DI 10.1016/0167-2738(92)90390-B
PN 1
PD JUL-AUG 1992
PY 1992
AB A formal analysis is given of the kinetic demixing effects in
   multicomponent semiconducting oxides within their range of stability. We
   have shown that the relative diffusion coefficient values of the
   cationic species control the shift velocity of the oxidation or
   reduction front in the material. Calculated kinetic demixing profiles
   are given for (Co,Mg)O and (Fe,Cr)O solid solutions. From the
   theoretical and experimental results obtained it has been possible to
   analyse the behavior of chromium in oxide layers formed on transition
   metal alloys independently of all other transport processes occuring
   during scale thickening.
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZS 0
TC 11
Z9 11
SN 0167-2738
UT WOS:A1992JP96800033
ER

PT J
AU LUTSKAYA, NV
   ALISOVA, SP
TI PHASE-DIAGRAM OF THE TICU-TICO-TINI SYSTEM
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 5
BP 119
EP 121
PD 1992
PY 1992
ZS 0
TC 1
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 1
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1992KY18800022
ER

PT J
AU LEE, HM
   ALLEN, SM
   GRUJICIC, M
TI COARSENING RESISTANCE OF M2C CARBIDES IN SECONDARY HARDENING STEELS .1.
   THEORETICAL-MODEL FOR MULTICOMPONENT COARSENING KINETICS
SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 22
IS 12
BP 2863
EP 2868
DI 10.1007/BF02650247
PD DEC 1991
PY 1991
AB The development of very high-strength levels in many alloy steels is
   achieved by a secondary hardening reaction.  In high Co-Ni steels
   containing the strong carbide-forming elements Mo, Cr, and W, secondary
   hardening is accomplished by the precipitation of fine-scale M2C alloy
   carbides.  Coarsening resistance of the M2C precipitates depends on the
   alloy content of these elements, and there should be an addition to the
   alloy of these carbide-forming elements which optimizes the M2C
   coarsening resistance.  Current Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW)
   theory[2,3] cannot properly be used to describe the coarsening behavior
   of multicomponent carbides, which involves concentrations and
   diffusivities of two or more solutes and nonspherical carbide
   morphologies.  A model is introduced for the coarsening resistance of
   multicomponent carbides.  This model treats the coarsening of
   shape-preserving particle and is applicable to rodlike particles.
RI Lee, Hyuck Mo/C-1994-2011
ZS 0
Z8 4
TC 31
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 32
SN 0360-2133
UT WOS:A1991GU03500004
ER

PT J
AU LEE, HM
   ALLEN, SM
   GRUJICIC, M
TI COARSENING RESISTANCE OF M2C CARBIDES IN SECONDARY HARDENING STEELS .2.
   ALLOY DESIGN AIDED BY A THERMOCHEMICAL DATABASE
SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 22
IS 12
BP 2869
EP 2876
DI 10.1007/BF02650248
PD DEC 1991
PY 1991
AB In high Co-Ni steels containing the strong carbide-forming elements Mo,
   Cr, and W, secondary hardening is accomplished by the precipitation of
   fine-scale M2C alloy carbides.  Thermodynamic stability and coarsening
   resistance of these carbides depend on the alloy content of these
   elements.  A model for the M2C coarsening kinetics in multicomponent
   alloys has been used to identify the optimum alloying addition for
   maximum coarsening resistance and as a basis for selection of four
   experimental alloy steels.  Necessary information pertaining to the
   equilibrium in these steels was obtained using the Thermo-Calc software
   and database developed at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm,
   Sweden.
RI Lee, Hyuck Mo/C-1994-2011
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z8 1
TC 26
ZS 0
Z9 27
SN 0360-2133
UT WOS:A1991GU03500005
ER

PT J
AU WAKAO, S
   SAWA, H
TI ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MULTICOMPONENT HYDROGEN-ABSORBING ALLOY
   ELECTRODES BASED ON ZR-V-NI SYSTEM PSEUDOBINARY LAVES-PHASE - EN,JA
SO DENKI KAGAKU
VL 59
IS 11
BP 950
EP 957
PD NOV 1991
PY 1991
AB In order to develop a high capacity hydrogen-absorbing alloy electrode
   based on the Zr-V-Ni system pseudobinary Laves-phase, a partial
   substitution of Ti for Zr and/or partial substitutions of Co, Fe, Mn for
   Ni were attempted.  It was found that Mn is the hydrogen content
   enlarging element and Ti, Co, Fe are the hydrogen instabilizing
   elements.  By the appropriate combinations of these substitutions, the
   larger discharge capacities up to 400 mAh g-1 were successfully
   exhibited.  These effects of the substitutions were discussed in terms
   of the electronegativity of each substituent and the lattice expansion
   or contract effect.  The results of charge/discharge cycling tests
   indicated that the large amount of Ti-substitution is undesirable in
   cycle-life.  On the other hand, the Co-substitution and an addition of
   cobalt powder into the electrodes were effective for a long cycle-life. 
   These effects of cobalt were discussed in terms of the cobalt-ion
   reduction on the alloy surface in charge process.  Furthermore, it was
   also found that long time grinding of the alloy powder with nickel or
   copper powder was effective for the electrode activation.
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
TC 6
Z9 6
SN 0366-9297
UT WOS:A1991GQ13300006
ER

PT J
AU ZDUNEK, K
TI MECHANISM OF CRYSTALLIZATION OF MULTICOMPONENT METALLIC COATINGS USING
   THE IMPULSE PLASMA METHOD
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 26
IS 16
BP 4433
EP 4438
DI 10.1007/BF00543664
PD AUG 15 1991
PY 1991
AB The impulse plasma method was used to obtain complex metallic coatings.
   Taking into account the way of the central electrode of an impulse
   plasma accelerator is worn, and the features of the coatings, a
   mechanism for crystallization of metallic coatings from impulse plasma
   is proposed.
TC 40
Z8 1
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 40
SN 0022-2461
UT WOS:A1991GB97900031
ER

PT J
AU HIRSCHMANN, M
TI THERMODYNAMICS OF MULTICOMPONENT OLIVINES AND THE SOLUTION PROPERTIES OF
   (NI,MG,FE)2SIO4 AND (CA,MG,FE)2SIO4 OLIVINES
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
VL 76
IS 7-8
BP 1232
EP 1248
PD JUL-AUG 1991
PY 1991
AB A general thermodynamic model is developed that describes the mixing
   properties of minor and trace divalent cations (Ni, Ca, Mn, Co) in
   ferromagnesian olivines in terms of octahedral site order-disorder and
   symmetric enthalpies of mixing.  Two cases of this model are presented. 
   The first is applicable to true ternary solutions, where minor
   components (e.g., Ni, Mn, Co) substitute on both octahedral sites, and
   the second is appropriate for quadrilateral solutions, where
   substitution is limited to a single site (e.g., Ca on M2).  The ternary
   model is calibrated for Ni-bearing olivines from consideration of site
   occupancy determinations and heterogeneous exchange equilibria. 
   Ca-bearing olivines are calibrated from consideration of miscibility
   gaps.  Both the models for (Ni,Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and (Ca,Mg,Fe)2SiO4 olivines
   are internally consistent with Sack and Ghiorso's (1989) analysis of
   ferromagnesian olivines and with the standard state data base of Berman
   (1988).
   The resulting analysis of the mixing properties of nickel magnesium iron
   olivines indicates small negative deviations from ideality in Fe-free
   olivines and greater negative deviations in ferromagnesian olivines. 
   Predictions of Ni-Fe exchange between olivines and FeNi alloys agree
   with experimentally determined distributions.  Predicted mixing
   properties of calcian olivines on the Ca-poor side of the solvus are
   similar to those calculated from the formulation of Davidson and
   Lindsley (1989), but small differences arise from adoption here of a
   larger Fe-Mg interaction energy.
RI Hirschmann, marc/B-9455-2016
OI Hirschmann, marc/0000-0003-1213-6645
ZS 0
Z8 0
TC 75
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 75
SN 0003-004X
UT WOS:A1991GC65900015
ER

PT J
AU GRUJICIC, M
TI DESIGN OF M2C CARBIDES FOR COARSENING RESISTANCE
SO CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
VL 15
IS 2
BP 179
EP 184
DI 10.1016/0364-5916(91)90016-D
PD APR-JUN 1991
PY 1991
AB A model has been developed for coarsening kinetics of M2C carbides and
   subsequently applied to optimize the composition of high Co-Ni steels
   with respect to the overaging resistance during secondary hardening. 
   The model accounts for both effects of multicomponent diffusion and
   precipitate shape anisotropy.  It is found that W additions to high
   Co-Ni steels significantly reduces the coarsening rate constant. 
   Calculations for two W-free 14Co-10Ni steels at a typical tempering
   temperature of 783K reveals a beneficial effect of the Cr substitution
   with Mo, in a good agreement with available experimental data.
TC 1
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 1
SN 0364-5916
UT WOS:A1991FV23400007
ER

PT J
AU VIJAYAKUMAR, M
   TEWARI, SN
   LEE, JE
   CURRERI, PA
TI DENDRITE SPACINGS IN DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED SUPERALLOY PWA-1480
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
VL 132
BP 195
EP 201
DI 10.1016/0921-5093(91)90375-W
PD FEB 1991
PY 1991
AB Primary dendrite spacings and side-branch coarsening kinetics were
   examined in specimens of the single-crystal multicomponent commercial
   superalloy PWA-1480, which were directionally solidified in a positive
   thermal gradient.  The experimentally observed dependence of primary
   dendrite spacings and side-branch coarsening kinetics on growth rate and
   thermal gradient were in agreement with the behavior predicted by
   analytical models developed for binary alloys.
TC 23
Z8 3
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 24
SN 0921-5093
UT WOS:A1991FC38100021
ER

PT J
AU PRIKHODKO, EV
   GARMASH, LI
TI EFFECT OF THE CHARGED STATE OF THE COMPONENTS ON THE THERMODYNAMIC
   PROPERTIES OF METALLIC MELTS
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 6
BP 209
EP 213
PD 1991
PY 1991
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 0
Z8 0
ZS 0
Z9 0
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1991JX39800036
ER

PT J
AU KAGAWA, A
   HIRATA, M
   SAKAMOTO, Y
TI SOLUTE PARTITIONING ON SOLIDIFICATION OF NICKEL-BASE TERNARY ALLOYS
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 25
IS 12
BP 5063
EP 5069
DI 10.1007/BF00580130
PD DEC 1990
PY 1990
TC 10
ZB 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z8 1
Z9 10
SN 0022-2461
UT WOS:A1990EL99200021
ER

PT J
AU NAGAMINE, LCCM
   RECHENBERG, HR
   RAY, AE
TI FE SITE POPULATIONS IN SM2(CO,FE)17 AND SM(CO, FE, CU, ZR)8.35 ALLOYS
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
VL 89
IS 3
BP L270
EP L272
DI 10.1016/0304-8853(90)90736-A
PD OCT 1990
PY 1990
RI Nagamine, Luiz Carlos C M/B-3528-2015; Camargo Miranda Nagamine, Luiz Carlos/
OI Camargo Miranda Nagamine, Luiz Carlos/0000-0001-6907-9579
Z8 1
TC 8
ZB 1
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 8
SN 0304-8853
UT WOS:A1990EH92300002
ER

PT J
AU SHARMA, SK
   MUKHOPADHYAY, P
   CHAUHAN, PK
   KULKARNI, SK
TI STUDIES ON THE CORROSION OF 2 MULTICOMPONENT IRON BASE METALLIC GLASSES
   IN POTASSIUM-SULFATE SOLUTION
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
VL 30
IS 2-3
BP 313
EP 324
DI 10.1016/0010-938X(90)90082-G
PD 1990
PY 1990
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 6
Z8 1
Z9 6
SN 0010-938X
UT WOS:A1990CR51400016
ER

PT J
AU WASEDA, Y
   UENO, S
   HAGIWARA, M
   AUST, KT
TI FORMATION AND MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF FE-BASE AND CO-BASE AMORPHOUS
   ALLOY WIRES PRODUCED BY IN-ROTATING-WATER SPINNING METHOD
SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 34
IS 2-3
BP 149
EP 260
DI 10.1016/0079-6425(90)90006-U
PD 1990
PY 1990
TC 46
Z8 4
ZS 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 49
SN 0079-6425
UT WOS:A1990FC29800001
ER

PT J
AU DAYANANDA, MA
TI MULTICOMPONENT DIFFUSION STUDIES IN SELECTED HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOY
   SYSTEMS
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
VL 120
BP 351
EP 359
DI 10.1016/0921-5093(89)90787-9
PN 2
PD DEC 1 1989
PY 1989
CT 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION OF ADVANCED
   MATERIALS AND COATINGS
CY MAY 22-26, 1989
CL LES EMBIEZ, FRANCE
Z8 1
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 8
ZB 0
Z9 8
SN 0921-5093
UT WOS:A1989CM52600002
ER

PT J
AU GHOSH, DK
   MAJUMDAR, J
   RAY, US
TI REVERSED PHASE EXTRACTION CHROMATROGRAPHIC STUDY OF COPPER(II) WITH A
   HIGH MOLECULAR-WEIGHT CARBOXYLIC-ACID AND ITS ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS
SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY SECTION A-INORGANIC BIO-INORGANIC PHYSICAL
   THEORETICAL & ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
VL 28
IS 9
BP 814
EP 816
PD SEP 1989
PY 1989
ZR 0
TC 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z8 0
Z9 0
SN 0376-4710
UT WOS:A1989AW62000023
ER

PT J
AU DUNAEV, SF
   ZVERKOV, SA
TI INFLUENCE OF HIGH-PRESSURE ON THE FORMATION OF PERIODIC REGULAR
   STRUCTURES IN MULTICOMPONENT DIFFUSION ZONES
SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS
VL 153
IS 1
BP 143
EP 150
DI 10.1016/0022-5088(89)90540-7
PD JUL 15 1989
PY 1989
Z8 6
ZS 0
ZB 1
ZR 0
TC 38
Z9 39
SN 0022-5088
UT WOS:A1989AH00300015
ER

PT J
AU CARINCI, GM
   HETHERINGTON, MG
   OLSON, GB
TI M2 C CARBIDE PRECIPITATION IN AF1410 STEEL
SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE
VL 49
IS C-6
BP 311
EP 316
DI 10.1051/jphyscol:1988654
PD NOV 1988
PY 1988
RI Olson, Gregory B/B-7529-2009
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z8 0
TC 7
ZB 0
Z9 7
SN 0302-0738
UT WOS:A1988T922600053
ER

PT J
AU POURARIAN, F
   SANKAR, SG
   WALLACE, WE
TI INTRINSIC MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF MULTICOMPONENT
   PR2-X-YRXR'YFE11.6CO2AL0.4B (R = TB OR DY, R' = ND AND X = 0.0, 0.2, Y =
   0.0, 0.5) COMPOUNDS
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
VL 74
IS 2
BP 177
EP 180
DI 10.1016/0304-8853(88)90065-0
PD SEP 1988
PY 1988
ZR 0
TC 6
Z8 1
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z9 7
SN 0304-8853
UT WOS:A1988Q401100009
ER

PT J
AU SAUNDERS, N
   MIODOWNIK, AP
TI EVALUATION OF GLASS FORMING ABILITY IN BINARY AND TERNARY METALLIC ALLOY
   SYSTEMS - AN APPLICATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PHASE-DIAGRAM CALCULATIONS
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
VL 4
IS 9
BP 768
EP 777
DI 10.1179/mst.1988.4.9.768
PD SEP 1988
PY 1988
Z8 3
ZB 0
TC 51
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 51
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
UT WOS:A1988Q585200002
ER

PT J
AU YANG, CJ
   RAY, R
   OHANDLEY, RC
TI MAGNETIC HARDENING IN MELT-SPUN FE-R-B ALLOYS
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
VL 99
BP 137
EP 141
DI 10.1016/0025-5416(88)90309-6
PD MAR 1988
PY 1988
Z8 0
TC 4
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 4
SN 0025-5416
UT WOS:A1988N970700033
ER

PT J
AU SAPELKINA, YF
   YAGLO, GI
   PAVLYUKOV, AA
   TULCHINSKII, LN
TI MAGNETIZATION OF POWDER PARTICLES OF HIGHLY COERCIVE MULTICOMPONENT
   SAMARIUM COBALT BASE ALLOYS
SO SOVIET POWDER METALLURGY AND METAL CERAMICS
VL 26
IS 6
BP 466
EP 470
PD JUN 1987
PY 1987
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 0
ZB 0
Z9 0
SN 0038-5735
UT WOS:A1987L536700008
ER

PT J
AU SCHURMANN, E
   SITTARD, M
   VOLKER, R
TI EQUIVALENT INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS ON THE NITROGEN SOLUBILITY IN
   LIQUID TERNARY AND MULTICOMPONENT COBALT-BASE ALLOYS
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE
VL 77
IS 8
BP 497
EP 502
PD AUG 1986
PY 1986
TC 4
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 4
SN 0044-3093
UT WOS:A1986D901900003
ER

PT J
AU SCHURMANN, E
   SITTARD, M
TI EVALUATION OF LITERATURE DATA OF THE HYDROGEN SOLUBILITY IN LIQUID
   TERNARY AND MULTICOMPONENT COBALT-BASE ALLOYS
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE
VL 77
IS 8
BP 503
EP 509
PD AUG 1986
PY 1986
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
SN 0044-3093
UT WOS:A1986D901900006
ER

PT J
AU TURNER, NH
TI MULTICOMPONENT QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS BY AUGER-ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS
VL 4
IS 3
BP 1565
EP 1567
DI 10.1116/1.573507
PN 2
PD MAY-JUN 1986
PY 1986
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 5
Z9 5
SN 0734-2101
UT WOS:A1986C819300142
ER

PT J
AU SCHURMANN, E
   SITTARD, M
   VOLKER, R
TI SYSTEMATIC OF THE EQUIVALENT INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS ON THE
   NITROGEN AND HYDROGEN SOLUBILITY IN IRON, COBALT, AND NICKEL-BASE ALLOYS
SO STEEL RESEARCH
VL 57
IS 11
BP 546
EP 551
DI 10.1002/srin.198600822
PD 1986
PY 1986
TC 3
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZR 1
ZS 0
Z9 4
SN 0177-4832
UT WOS:A1986E927600002
ER

PT J
AU ENOMOTO, M
   AARONSON, HI
TI CALCULATION OF ALPHA+GAMMA-PHASE BOUNDARIES IN FE-C-X SYSTEMS FROM THE
   CENTRAL ATOMS MODEL
SO CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
VL 9
IS 1
BP 43
EP 58
DI 10.1016/0364-5916(85)90030-6
PD 1985
PY 1985
Z8 2
TC 22
ZS 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 22
SN 0364-5916
UT WOS:A1985ACP6100005
ER

PT J
AU KIRCHMAYR, HR
TI DEVELOPMENTS IN RARE-EARTH INTERMETALLICS
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1645
EP 1650
DI 10.1109/TMAG.1984.1063216
PD 1984
PY 1984
TC 2
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 2
SN 0018-9464
UT WOS:A1984TP44600090
ER

PT J
AU RAY, AE
TI METALLURGICAL BEHAVIOR OF SM (CO,FE,CU,ZR)Z ALLOYS
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
VL 55
IS 6
BP 2094
EP 2096
DI 10.1063/1.333575
PD 1984
PY 1984
ZS 0
TC 91
ZR 1
ZB 1
Z8 6
Z9 96
SN 0021-8979
UT WOS:A1984SJ01600152
ER

PT J
AU ERIKSSON, G
   HACK, K
TI CALCULATION OF PHASE-EQUILIBRIA IN MULTICOMPONENT ALLOY SYSTEMS USING A
   SPECIALLY ADAPTED VERSION OF THE PROGRAM SOLGASMIX
SO CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
VL 8
IS 1
BP 15
EP 24
DI 10.1016/0364-5916(84)90025-7
PD 1984
PY 1984
ZR 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
TC 20
ZS 0
Z9 20
SN 0364-5916
UT WOS:A1984SF66800002
ER

PT J
AU NCIRI, B
   VANDENBULCKE, L
TI THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF THE ALUMINIZATION OF IRON AND STEELS BY THE
   THERMOCHEMICAL METHOD
SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS
VL 95
IS 1
BP 55
EP 72
DI 10.1016/0022-5088(83)90384-3
PD 1983
PY 1983
ZS 0
Z8 1
TC 22
ZR 0
ZB 0
Z9 23
SN 0022-5088
UT WOS:A1983RS35600006
ER

PT J
AU BLEILER, RJ
   DIEBOLD, AC
   WINOGRAD, N
TI ANGLE-RESOLVED SIMS STUDIES OF O-2 AND CO CHEMISORPTION ON NI3FE(111)
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS
VL 1
IS 2
BP 1230
EP 1231
DI 10.1116/1.572291
PD 1983
PY 1983
TC 3
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
Z9 3
SN 0734-2101
UT WOS:A1983QS53200126
ER

PT J
AU YOSHIDA, H
   KONISHI, S
   NARUSE, Y
TI EFFECTS OF IMPURITIES ON HYDROGEN PERMEABILITY THROUGH PALLADIUM ALLOY
   MEMBRANES AT COMPARATIVELY HIGH-PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES
SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS
VL 89
IS 2
BP 429
EP 436
DI 10.1016/0022-5088(83)90353-3
PD 1983
PY 1983
RI Way, James Douglas/A-9408-2010
OI Way, James Douglas/0000-0001-9612-8508
ZS 0
Z8 1
ZB 1
TC 56
ZR 0
Z9 56
SN 0022-5088
UT WOS:A1983QJ14900017
ER

PT J
AU GAMO, T
   MORIWAKI, Y
   YANAGIHARA, N
   IWAKI, T
TI LIFE PROPERTIES OF TI-MN ALLOY HYDRIDES AND THEIR HYDROGEN PURIFICATION
   EFFECT
SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS
VL 89
IS 2
BP 495
EP 504
DI 10.1016/0022-5088(83)90361-2
PD 1983
PY 1983
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
TC 74
Z8 4
Z9 77
SN 0022-5088
UT WOS:A1983QJ14900025
ER

PT J
AU OSUMI, Y
   SUZUKI, H
   KATO, A
   OGURO, K
   KAWAI, S
   KANEKO, M
TI HYDROGEN ABSORPTION DESORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF MM-NI-AL-M AND
   MM-NI-MN-M ALLOYS (MM=MISCH METAL)
SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS
VL 89
IS 1
BP 287
EP 292
DI 10.1016/0022-5088(83)90282-5
PD 1983
PY 1983
TC 79
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z8 3
Z9 81
SN 0022-5088
UT WOS:A1983QE43500040
ER

PT J
AU TRETYACHENKO, GN
   VOLOSHCHENKO, AP
   GETSOV, LB
   ZINCHENKO, BM
TI THERMAL-SHOCK RESISTANCE OF BLADES WITH PROTECTIVE COATINGS IN A
   CORROSIVE ATMOSPHERE
SO STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
VL 15
IS 1
BP 74
EP 80
DI 10.1007/BF01523410
PD 1983
PY 1983
OI Getsov, Leonid/0000-0001-8311-0405
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
TC 0
Z9 0
SN 0039-2316
UT WOS:A1983RM14300014
ER

PT J
AU BEAVIS, L
TI THERMAL-DESORPTION MEASUREMENTS FOR ESTIMATING BAKEOUT CHARACTERISTICS
   OF VACUUM DEVICES
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VL 20
IS 4
BP 972
EP 977
DI 10.1116/1.571656
PD 1982
PY 1982
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 3
ZR 0
Z9 3
SN 0022-5355
UT WOS:A1982NL38200013
ER

PT J
AU MISHIN, DD
   LUKIN, AA
   GRIGORYEV, SN
   PASTUSHENKOV, AG
   SUPONEV, NP
   LEVANDOVSKIY, VV
TI METALLO-PLASTIC PERMANENT-MAGNETS BASED ON MULTICOMPONENT SM-ZR-CO-CU-FE
   ALLOYS
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 3
BP 124
EP 125
PD 1981
PY 1981
RI Lukin, Aleksandr/U-6271-2018
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZB 0
TC 0
ZR 0
Z9 0
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1981PG11200034
ER

PT J
AU MISHIN, DD
   LUKIN, AA
   SUPONEV, NP
   PASTUSHENKOV, AG
   LEVANDOVSKIY, VV
   LYAKHOVA, MB
TI REMAGNETIZATION PHENOMENA IN MULTICOMPONENT RARE-EARTH-COBALT ALLOYS
   WITH INCREASED TEMPERATURE STABILITY
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
IS 6
BP 179
EP 181
PD 1981
PY 1981
RI Lukin, Aleksandr/U-6271-2018; Suponev, Nikolay/B-7936-2014
OI Suponev, Nikolay/0000-0001-5293-3169
Z8 0
ZR 0
TC 1
ZS 0
ZB 0
Z9 1
SN 0036-0295
UT WOS:A1981QG34300035
ER

PT J
AU LANGE, KW
   MITRA, M
TI DETERMINATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMPONENTS OF A TERNARY METALLIC
   SYSTEM FROM THE KNOWLEDGE OF ITS GAS SOLUBILITY
SO ARCHIV FUR DAS EISENHUTTENWESEN
VL 51
IS 6
BP 217
EP 220
DI 10.1002/srin.198004832
PD 1980
PY 1980
TC 3
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
Z9 3
SN 0003-8962
UT WOS:A1980JW64400003
ER

PT J
AU PONEC, V
TI SURFACE-COMPOSITION AND CATALYSIS BY ALLOYS - RELEVANCE OF SURFACE
   SCIENCE TO CATALYSIS
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
VL 42
IS 1-2
BP 135
EP 140
DI 10.1016/0025-5416(80)90021-X
PD 1980
PY 1980
ZB 0
TC 11
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 11
SN 0025-5416
UT WOS:A1980JK45600020
ER

PT J
AU PIGROVA, GD
   YEFIMOVA, MN
   GRIGORASH, YF
TI PHASE COMPOSITION OF CAST COMPLEX ALLOYED NICKEL-BASE ALLOYS
SO FIZIKA METALLOV I METALLOVEDENIE
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1292
EP 1295
PD 1978
PY 1978
ZB 0
Z8 0
ZS 0
ZR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
SN 0015-3230
UT WOS:A1978FG20600022
ER

PT J
AU DANIELEWSKI, M
   NATESAN, K
TI OXIDATION-SULFIDATION BEHAVIOR OF IRON-CHROMIUM-NICKEL ALLOYS
SO OXIDATION OF METALS
VL 12
IS 3
BP 227
EP 245
DI 10.1007/BF00616098
PD 1978
PY 1978
ZS 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
TC 18
Z8 0
Z9 18
SN 0030-770X
UT WOS:A1978FJ31100003
ER

PT J
AU CUOMO, JJ
   GAMBINO, RJ
TI INFLUENCE OF SPUTTERING PARAMETERS ON COMPOSITION OF MULTICOMPONENT
   FILMS
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VL 12
IS 1
BP 79
EP 83
DI 10.1116/1.568626
PD 1975
PY 1975
TC 57
Z8 1
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z9 58
SN 0022-5355
UT WOS:A1975V890400017
ER

PT J
AU BELOLIPTSEVA, GG
   POVOLOTSKII, EG
TI DISINTEGRATION OF MULTICOMPONENT METALLIC SOLID-SOLUTION
SO FIZIKA METALLOV I METALLOVEDENIE
VL 36
IS 5
BP 1116
EP 1118
PD 1973
PY 1973
ZS 0
Z8 0
ZB 0
ZR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
SN 0015-3230
UT WOS:A1973R525100037
ER

PT J
AU KHAN, Y
   FELDMANN, D
TI INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND CE5CO19 AND INFLUENCE OF LA ON ITS EXISTENCE
SO JOURNAL OF THE LESS-COMMON METALS
VL 33
IS 2
BP 305
EP 310
DI 10.1016/0022-5088(73)90049-0
PD 1973
PY 1973
Z8 0
ZB 0
TC 8
ZS 0
ZR 0
Z9 8
SN 0022-5088
UT WOS:A1973R397700013
ER

PT J
AU PELTON, AD
   SCHMALZRIED, H
TI GEOMETRICAL REPRESENTATION OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA
SO METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS
VL 4
IS 5
BP 1395
EP 1404
DI 10.1007/BF02644538
PD 1973
PY 1973
ZB 0
ZR 0
ZS 0
Z8 0
TC 45
Z9 45
SN 0026-086X
UT WOS:A1973Q081700028
ER

PT J
AU AREND, H
TI MODIFIED THERMOANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR STUDY OF CARBON-CONTAINING
   MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS
SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
VL 7
IS 12
BP 1453
EP 1459
DI 10.1016/0025-5408(72)90182-1
PD 1972
PY 1972
TC 0
Z8 0
ZR 0
ZB 0
ZS 0
Z9 0
SN 0025-5408
UT WOS:A1972O310600011
ER

PT J
AU HANAK, JJ
TI MULTIPLE-SAMPLE-CONCEPT IN MATERIALS RESEARCH - SYNTHESIS, COMPOSITIONAL
   ANALYSIS AND TESTING OF ENTIRE MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
VL 5
IS 11
BP 964
EP &
DI 10.1007/BF00558177
PD 1970
PY 1970
ZB 25
Z8 11
ZS 0
TC 309
ZR 0
Z9 313
SN 0022-2461
UT WOS:A1970H868800007
ER

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