diff --git a/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/Makefile b/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f167e92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+MODULE_TOPDIR = ../../
+
+PGM = i.buildvrt.gdal
+
+include $(MODULE_TOPDIR)/include/Make/Script.make
+
+default: script $(TEST_DST)
diff --git a/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/i.buildvrt.gdal.html b/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/i.buildvrt.gdal.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5244739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/i.buildvrt.gdal.html
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+DESCRIPTION
+
+i.buildvrt.gdal creates a Virtual Raster Tile (VRT) from multiple, GDAL-readable
+input raster files. The module is basically a wrapper around gdalbuildvrt.
+
+
+Users have to provide an input directory with raster files to create VRT from,
+a JSON file describing the input bands to be included in the VRT file, and
+specify an output path for the VRT.
+
+
+The bands JSON file should contain the band ID (semantic_label) and
+the name of a GDAL color representation ("Undefined" is used as a default and
+fallback). See examples below for how the JSON file should be structured.
+
+
+The following GDAL color names are allowed (with GDAL < 3.10):
+
+ "Undefined": gdal.GCI_Undefined,
+ "Greyscale": gdal.GCI_GrayIndex,
+ "Paletted": gdal.GCI_PaletteIndex, # (see associated color table)
+ "Red": gdal.GCI_RedBand, # RGBA image, or red spectral band [0.62 - 0.69 um]
+ "Green": gdal.GCI_GreenBand, # RGBA image, or green spectral band [0.51 - 0.60 um]
+ "Blue": gdal.GCI_BlueBand, # RGBA image, or blue spectral band [0.45 - 0.53 um]
+ "Alpha": gdal.GCI_AlphaBand, # (0=transparent, 255=opaque)
+ "Hue": gdal.GCI_HueBand, # HLS image
+ "Saturation": gdal.GCI_SaturationBand, # HLS image
+ "Lightness": gdal.GCI_LightnessBand, # HLS image
+ "Cyan": gdal.GCI_CyanBand, # CMYK image
+ "Magenta": gdal.GCI_MagentaBand, # CMYK image
+ "Yellow": gdal.GCI_YellowBand, # CMYK image, or yellow spectral band [0.58 - 0.62 um]
+ "Black": gdal.GCI_BlackBand, # CMYK image
+ "Y": gdal.GCI_YCbCr_YBand, # Luminance
+ "Cb": gdal.GCI_YCbCr_CbBand, # Chroma
+ "Cr": gdal.GCI_YCbCr_CrBand, # Chroma
+
+ "Panchromatic": gdal.GCI_PanBand, # [0.40 - 1.00 um]
+ "Coastal": gdal.GCI_CoastalBand, # [0.40 - 0.45 um]
+ "Red-edge": gdal.GCI_RedEdgeBand, # [0.69 - 0.79 um]
+ "Near-InfraRed (NIR)": gdal.GCI_NIRBand, # [0.75 - 1.40 um]
+ "Short-Wavelength InfraRed (SWIR)": gdal.GCI_SWIRBand, # [1.40 - 3.00 um]
+ "Mid-Wavelength InfraRed (MWIR)": gdal.GCI_MWIRBand, # [3.00 - 8.00 um]
+ "Long-Wavelength InfraRed (LWIR)": gdal.GCI_LWIRBand, # [8.00 - 15 um]
+ "Thermal InfraRed (TIR)": gdal.GCI_TIRBand, # (MWIR or LWIR) [3 - 15 um]
+ "Other infrared": gdal.GCI_OtherIRBand, # [0.75 - 1000 um]
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_1, # Do not set it !
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_2, # Do not set it !
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_3, # Do not set it !
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_4, # Do not set it !
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ka": gdal.GCI_SAR_Ka_Band, # [0.8 - 1.1 cm / 27 - 40 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) K": gdal.GCI_SAR_K_Band, # [1.1 - 1.7 cm / 18 - 27 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ku": gdal.GCI_SAR_Ku_Band, # [1.7 - 2.4 cm / 12 - 18 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) X": gdal.GCI_SAR_X_Band, # [2.4 - 3.8 cm / 8 - 12 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) C": gdal.GCI_SAR_C_Band, # [3.8 - 7.5 cm / 4 - 8 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) S": gdal.GCI_SAR_S_Band, # [7.5 - 15 cm / 2 - 4 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) L": gdal.GCI_SAR_L_Band, # [15 - 30 cm / 1 - 2 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) P": gdal.GCI_SAR_P_Band, # [30 - 100 cm / 0.3 - 1 GHz]
+ "SAR Reserved value": gdal.GCI_SAR_Reserved_1, # Do not set it !
+ # "SAR Reserved value": gdal.GCI_SAR_Reserved_2, # Do not set it !
+ "Max current value": gdal.GCI_Max, # (equals to GCI_SAR_Reserved_2 currently)
+
+Optionally, input files can be filtered with the file_pattern option. The
+default pattern is '*.tif', meaning all tif files files are considered. The
+memory option allows to optimize GDAL-caching (maximum is 2048 MB).
+
+
+If the -f flag is set input files are stacked as bands in the
+VRT file and input raster should be single-band files with common
+extent.
+
+
NOTE
+Multidimensional raster files, raster files with sub-datasets are
+not supported.
+
+EXAMPLES
+
+Create a virtual Sentinel-2 Image mosaic from multiband COGs
+
+tee ./bands_s2.json <<EOF
+{
+ "S2_10": "Greyscale",
+ "S2_11": "Short-Wavelength InfraRed (SWIR)",
+ "S2_12": "Short-Wavelength InfraRed (SWIR)",
+ "S2_1": "Greyscale",
+ "S2_2": "Blue",
+ "S2_3": "Green",
+ "S2_4": "Red",
+ "S2_5": "Red-edge",
+ "S2_6": "Greyscale",
+ "S2_7": "Greyscale",
+ "S2_8": "Near-InfraRed (NIR)",
+ "S2_8A": "Greyscale",
+ "S2_9": "Greyscale"
+}
+EOF
+i.buildvrt.gdal --v input=./ output=./S2A_MSIL1C_20250730T100051_N0511_R122.vrt \
+ bands=./bands_s2.json file_pattern="S2A_MSIL1C_20250730T100051_N0511_R122_*"
+Create a virtual Sentinel-3 Image mosaic from single-band GeoTiffs
+
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+r.buildvrt,
+r.buildvrt.gdal
+
+REFERENCES
+
+gdalbuildvrt
+
+AUTHOR
+Stefan Blumentrath, NVE
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/i.buildvrt.gdal.py b/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/i.buildvrt.gdal.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c805f77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/imagery/i.buildvrt.gdal/i.buildvrt.gdal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""MODULE: i.buildvrt.gdal
+AUTHOR(S): Stefan Blumentrath
+PURPOSE: Create a Virtual Raster Tile (VRT) from multiple raster files
+COPYRIGHT: (C) 2025 by Stefan Blumentrath, NVE
+ and the GRASS development team
+
+This program is free software under the GNU General Public
+License (>=v2). Read the file COPYING that comes with GRASS
+for details.
+"""
+
+# %Module
+# % description: Create a VRT (Virtual Raster Tile) from multiple raster files and import it to a STRDS.
+# % keyword: imagery
+# % keyword: raster
+# % keyword: gdal
+# % keyword: vrt
+# %end
+
+# %option G_OPT_M_DIR
+# % key: input
+# % description: Name of input directory with raster files to create VRT from
+# % required: yes
+# %end
+
+# %option G_OPT_F_OUTPUT
+# % key: output
+# % description: Path to the VRT file to be written
+# %end
+
+# %option G_OPT_F_INPUT
+# % key: bands
+# % description: JSON file with band configuration
+# % type: string
+# %end
+
+# %option
+# % key: file_pattern
+# % description: File name pattern to import
+# % type: string
+# % multiple: no
+# % guisection: Filter
+# %end
+
+# %option
+# % key: data_type
+# % description: GDAL data type of the output VRT (if data type of input rasters differs
+# % options: Byte,Int8,UInt16,Int16,UInt32,Int32,UInt64,Int64,CInt16,CInt32,Float32,Float64,CFloat32,CFloat64
+# % type: string
+# % required: no
+# % multiple: no
+# % guisection: Settings
+# %end
+
+# %option
+# % key: resolution
+# % description: Resolution of the output VRT (if resolution of input rasters differs) can be an integer for the target resolution or one of 'average', 'highest', 'lowest'
+# % type: string
+# % answer: highest
+# % required: no
+# % multiple: no
+# % guisection: Settings
+# %end
+
+# %option
+# % key: memory
+# % type: integer
+# % required: no
+# % multiple: no
+# % label: Maximum memory to be used (in MB)
+# % description: Cache size for raster rows
+# % answer: 2048
+# %end
+
+# %flag
+# % key: s
+# % description: Stack input raster files as bands in VRT
+# % guisection: Settings
+# %end
+
+import json
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import grass.lib.raster as libraster
+import grass.script as gs
+
+
+def get_gdal_band_color_interpretation() -> dict:
+ """Get GDAL band color interpretation as a dictionary."""
+ minimal_gdal_version = 3100000
+ get_gdal_band_colors = {
+ "Undefined": gdal.GCI_Undefined,
+ "Greyscale": gdal.GCI_GrayIndex,
+ "Paletted": gdal.GCI_PaletteIndex, # (see associated color table)
+ "Red": gdal.GCI_RedBand, # RGBA image, or red spectral band [0.62 - 0.69 um]
+ "Green": gdal.GCI_GreenBand, # RGBA image, or green spectral band [0.51 - 0.60 um]
+ "Blue": gdal.GCI_BlueBand, # RGBA image, or blue spectral band [0.45 - 0.53 um]
+ "Alpha": gdal.GCI_AlphaBand, # (0=transparent, 255=opaque)
+ "Hue": gdal.GCI_HueBand, # HLS image
+ "Saturation": gdal.GCI_SaturationBand, # HLS image
+ "Lightness": gdal.GCI_LightnessBand, # HLS image
+ "Cyan": gdal.GCI_CyanBand, # CMYK image
+ "Magenta": gdal.GCI_MagentaBand, # CMYK image
+ "Yellow": gdal.GCI_YellowBand, # CMYK image, or yellow spectral band [0.58 - 0.62 um]
+ "Black": gdal.GCI_BlackBand, # CMYK image
+ "Y": gdal.GCI_YCbCr_YBand, # Luminance
+ "Cb": gdal.GCI_YCbCr_CbBand, # Chroma
+ "Cr": gdal.GCI_YCbCr_CrBand, # Chroma
+ }
+ if int(gdal.VersionInfo()) >= minimal_gdal_version:
+ get_gdal_band_colors.update(
+ {
+ "Panchromatic": gdal.GCI_PanBand, # [0.40 - 1.00 um]
+ "Coastal": gdal.GCI_CoastalBand, # [0.40 - 0.45 um]
+ "Red-edge": gdal.GCI_RedEdgeBand, # [0.69 - 0.79 um]
+ "Near-InfraRed (NIR)": gdal.GCI_NIRBand, # [0.75 - 1.40 um]
+ "Short-Wavelength InfraRed (SWIR)": gdal.GCI_SWIRBand, # [1.40 - 3.00 um]
+ "Mid-Wavelength InfraRed (MWIR)": gdal.GCI_MWIRBand, # [3.00 - 8.00 um]
+ "Long-Wavelength InfraRed (LWIR)": gdal.GCI_LWIRBand, # [8.00 - 15 um]
+ "Thermal InfraRed (TIR)": gdal.GCI_TIRBand, # (MWIR or LWIR) [3 - 15 um]
+ "Other infrared": gdal.GCI_OtherIRBand, # [0.75 - 1000 um]
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_1, # Do not set it !
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_2, # Do not set it !
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_3, # Do not set it !
+ # "Reserved value": gdal.GCI_IR_Reserved_4, # Do not set it !
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ka": gdal.GCI_SAR_Ka_Band, # [0.8 - 1.1 cm / 27 - 40 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) K": gdal.GCI_SAR_K_Band, # [1.1 - 1.7 cm / 18 - 27 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ku": gdal.GCI_SAR_Ku_Band, # [1.7 - 2.4 cm / 12 - 18 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) X": gdal.GCI_SAR_X_Band, # [2.4 - 3.8 cm / 8 - 12 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) C": gdal.GCI_SAR_C_Band, # [3.8 - 7.5 cm / 4 - 8 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) S": gdal.GCI_SAR_S_Band, # [7.5 - 15 cm / 2 - 4 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) L": gdal.GCI_SAR_L_Band, # [15 - 30 cm / 1 - 2 GHz]
+ "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) P": gdal.GCI_SAR_P_Band, # [30 - 100 cm / 0.3 - 1 GHz]
+ "SAR Reserved value": gdal.GCI_SAR_Reserved_1, # Do not set it !
+ # "SAR Reserved value": gdal.GCI_SAR_Reserved_2, # Do not set it !
+ "Max current value": gdal.GCI_Max, # (equals to GCI_SAR_Reserved_2 currently)
+ },
+ )
+ return get_gdal_band_colors
+
+
+def build_vrt(
+ raster_directory: Path,
+ vrt_path: Path,
+ band_template: dict[str, str],
+ *,
+ raster_file_pattern: str = "*.tif",
+ multiband: bool = True,
+ data_type: str | None = None,
+ resolution: int | str = "highest",
+) -> None:
+ """Build a VRT file for GDAL readable raster data in a directory.
+
+ :param raster_directory: Path to the directory containing GTIFF files.
+ :param vrt_path: Path to the VRT file to produce.
+ :param band_template: Dictionary with expected band names and GDAL colors.
+ :param vrt_name: Name of the VRT dataset to produce.
+ :param raster_file_pattern:
+ :param multiband: Input rasters contain multiple bands
+ :param data_type: GDAL data type name
+ :param resolution: Resolution to use for the VRT. Can be determined from
+ raster files
+
+ If multiband is False, each input raster is added as a separate
+ band into the VRT. Otherwise, files are handled as tiles of a
+ mosaic instead. Thus all input files need to have the same number
+ of bands.
+
+ """
+ gdal_band_color_interpretation = get_gdal_band_color_interpretation()
+ tiffs = raster_directory.glob(raster_file_pattern)
+
+ # Create intermediate VRT to harmonize input if needed
+ checked_tiffs = []
+ for tiff in tiffs:
+ ds = gdal.Open(tiff)
+ x_res, y_res = abs(ds.GetGeoTransform()[1]), abs(ds.GetGeoTransform()[5])
+ band = ds.GetRasterBand(1)
+ dtype = gdal.GetDataTypeName(band.DataType)
+ kwargs = {
+ "format": "VRT",
+ "outputType": gdal.GetDataTypeByName(data_type),
+ }
+ resolution_differs = x_res != resolution or y_res != resolution
+ if isinstance(resolution, int):
+ resolution_differs = x_res != resolution or y_res != resolution
+ if resolution_differs:
+ kwargs["xRes"] = resolution
+ kwargs["yRes"] = resolution
+ if dtype != data_type or resolution_differs:
+ vrt = gdal.Translate(tiff.with_suffix(".vrt"), tiff, **kwargs)
+ # Write and close dataset
+ vrt.FlushCache()
+ vrt = None
+ checked_tiffs.append(str(tiff.with_suffix(".vrt")))
+ else:
+ checked_tiffs.append(str(tiff))
+ checked_tiffs.sort()
+ kwargs = {"separate": not multiband, "strict": False}
+
+ if isinstance(resolution, str):
+ kwargs["resolution"] = resolution
+ ds = gdal.BuildVRT(str(vrt_path), checked_tiffs, **kwargs)
+
+ raster_bands = ds.RasterCount
+ if len(band_template) != raster_bands:
+ ds = None
+ vrt_path.unlink()
+ gs.fatal(
+ _(
+ "Band configuration contains {config_bands} bands. "
+ "VRT file only contains {vrt_bands} bands.",
+ ).format(config_bands=len(band_template), vrt_bands=raster_bands),
+ )
+ for bid, band_tuple in enumerate(band_template.items()):
+ # GDAL bands are 1-indexed
+ band = ds.GetRasterBand(bid + 1)
+ # Set band name
+ band.SetDescription(band_tuple[0])
+ # Set band color interpretation
+ color_interpretation = gdal_band_color_interpretation.get(
+ band_tuple[1],
+ gdal.GCI_Undefined,
+ )
+ band.SetColorInterpretation(color_interpretation)
+ # Here we could set band metadata
+ # See:
+ # https://gdal.org/en/stable/drivers/raster/gtiff.html#metadata
+ # https://gdal.org/en/stable/user/raster_data_model.html#imagery-domain-remote-sensing
+ # Close dataset
+ ds = None
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+ """Build multiband Image VRT."""
+ # Get bands configuration info
+ try:
+ band_config = json.loads(Path(options["bands"]).read_text(encoding="UTF8"))
+ except json.JSONDecodeError:
+ gs.fatal(_("Band configuration file is not a valid JSON file."))
+
+ # Check that band IDs are valid semantic labels in GRASS
+ for band_id in band_config:
+ if libraster.Rast_legal_semantic_label(band_id) is False:
+ gs.fatal(
+ _(
+ 'Band ID "{band_id}" is not a valid semantic label.',
+ ).format(band_id=band_id),
+ )
+
+ # Get input directory
+ input_dir = Path(options["input"])
+
+ # Get output file path for VRT
+ output = Path(options["output"])
+
+ data_type = None
+ if options["data_type"]:
+ data_type = options["data_type"]
+
+ resolution = None
+ if options["resolution"]:
+ resolution = options["resolution"]
+ if resolution.isdigit():
+ resolution = int(resolution)
+ elif resolution not in {"highest", "lowest", "average"}:
+ gs.fatal(
+ _(
+ 'Invalid resolution value: "{resolution}". '
+ 'Must be an integer, "highest", "lowest", or "average".',
+ ).format(resolution=resolution),
+ )
+
+ build_vrt(
+ input_dir,
+ output,
+ band_config,
+ data_type=data_type,
+ resolution=resolution,
+ multiband=not flags["s"],
+ raster_file_pattern=options["file_pattern"],
+ )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ options, flags = gs.parser()
+ # lazy imports
+ try:
+ from osgeo import gdal
+
+ gdal.UseExceptions()
+ except ImportError as e:
+ gs.fatal(_("Unable to load GDAL Python bindings: {}").format(e))
+
+ sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/src/imagery/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata.py b/src/imagery/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata.py
index a02fadb..88ecba9 100644
--- a/src/imagery/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata.py
+++ b/src/imagery/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata/i.sentinel.aggregate.metadata.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@
# % guisection: Filter
# %end
-
import json
import sys
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
@@ -166,7 +165,11 @@ def aggregate_metadata(json_files: Path, product_type: str = "S2MSIL1C") -> dict
datetime.fromisoformat(meta_data.get(key).replace("Z", "")),
)
else:
- gs.warning(_("Expected key '{}' not in metadata {}.").format(key, str(json_file)))
+ gs.warning(
+ _("Expected key '{}' not in metadata {}.").format(
+ key, str(json_file)
+ )
+ )
valid_data_total += valid_data_percent
except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
diff --git a/src/temporal/t.rast.import.gdalvrt/t.rast.import.gdalvrt.py b/src/temporal/t.rast.import.gdalvrt/t.rast.import.gdalvrt.py
index b426397..7e16b45 100755
--- a/src/temporal/t.rast.import.gdalvrt/t.rast.import.gdalvrt.py
+++ b/src/temporal/t.rast.import.gdalvrt/t.rast.import.gdalvrt.py
@@ -387,7 +387,8 @@ def main() -> None:
except ValueError:
gs.fatal(
_("Input for '{}' is not a valid ISO format. Got {}").format(
- dt, options[dt],
+ dt,
+ options[dt],
),
)