in collaboration with
This item controls the visualization of fractures. See Fractures for details.
Visualization of the faults in the model is controlled by this item. Please refer to Faults to read more.
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Allan Diagrams displays the overlap of formations and layers across fault faces.
The Allan Diagram is dispayed by selecting the Separate Fault Result in the project tree.
See Faults for more details.
When clicking on an NNC area multiple times, the highlighted cell switched from the cell in front of the formation and behind the fault. The Result Info text is updated when the selected cell is changed.
Other useful NNC results are descrived in Derived Results
Local annotations visibility is controlled by the check boxes in the local annotations sub tree only. Global annotations visibility, on the other hand, is controlled by the check boxes in both the global and local annotations sub trees. So in order to display a global annotation in a specific view, both the annotation tree note itself and its representation in the local sub tree must have visibilty enabled.
The flow diagnostics results are only calculated when asked for, and only for requested time steps. This means that statistics based on all time steps are not available for these results.
This result type is used to plot derived results based on a selection of simulated tracers, typically seawater injection. Currently the only derived property available is Water Flooded PV. Please refer to Derived Results for more information.
Geomechanical results are sorted in different Result Positions:
Several derived cell properties are calculated. Please refer to Derived Results for more information.
This group of options controls time-lapse results to be calculated. ( See Relative Results for more information )
In the 3D view, the result property for a selected cell can be found by right-clicking on the 3D view and choosing Select Color Result. The corresponding result property will be shown in the Property Editor.
The sequence of Color Legend Items can be modified by clicking the arrow symbols seen below.
The listed Custom Color Legend is used to form the 3D visualization of formations seen by the top figure of this page. Activating this particular Custom Color Legend is performed by specifying it as Result Color Legend.
When displaying interger cell results, the default color mapping will be set to a category color mapping. This color legend is used when displaying Formation Names. If an integer result is loaded, a custom color legend with names can be used.
Example workflow
Setting up Linked Views may also be relevant, e.g. to syncronize cell results and cell filters.
Polyline Intersections does not facilitate picking points across the Comparison View divider. However, an intersection can be copied betweens views, see Intersections for details.
ResInsight is able to export a contour map to a text file.
When clicking on cells in 3D, all values along the IJ column of the selected cells can be displayed in a depth plot. This can be combined with a Result Plot displaying the change for selected cells over time.
Result Inspection
*.DATA
PFLOTRAN
This section describes how Faults are detected and visualized. NNC’s are a part of the Faults visualization and are thus also mentioned in this section.
Related pages :
Allan Diagrams
Derived Results
ResInsight always scans the grids for geometrical faults when they are loaded. When two opposite cell faces of I, J, K neighbor cells does not match geometrically, they are tagged.
All the tagged cell faces are then compared to the faults possibly imported from the *.DATA file in order to group them. If a particular face is not found among the fault faces defined in the *.DATA file (or their opposite faces), the cell face is added to one of two predefined faults:
The first fault is used if both the neighbor cells are active. If one or both of the neighbor cells are inactive, the second fault is used.
These particular Faults will always be present, even when reading of fault information from the *.DATA file is disabled.
If enabled in Preferences, ResInsight will import fault information from the *.DATA files and use this information to group the cell faces into named items. The imported faults are ordered in ascending order based on their name.
The DATA file is parsed for the FAULT keyword while respecting any INCLUDE and PATH keywords.As import of faults can be time consuming, reading of faults can be disabled from Preferences->Import faults
If enabled in Preferences, ResInsight will read Non Neighbor Connections from the Eclipse output file (*.INIT), and create explicit visualizations of those. -The NNC’s are sorted onto the Fault’s and their visibility is controlled along with them.
*.INIT
When the NNCs are imported from file, ResInsight will identify NNCs not defined in the input file (Faces with zero transmissibility is not exported from the simulator). See Derived Results for details on other NNC related results.
If not *.DATA file is found, the folder is searched for *.IN file. If found, this file is parsed based on the file structure of a PFLOTRAN simulation. Identified faults will be imported simular to the import from *.DATA files.
*.DATA file
*.IN
https://www.pflotran.org/
Faults can be hidden and shown in several ways.
Each named Fault is given a color on import. This color can be controlled by selecting the fault and edit its Fault color in the Property Editor.
The default result mapping used on faults are to use the same as specified in Cell Result. If a different result mapping is wanted, enable the checkbox at Fault Result and select the result from the result selection dialog in the Property Editor. A second legend for the fault result is then added to the view.
Please note that the groups Fault Face Visibility and NNC Visibility are available below result selection.
Useful NNC results are descrived in Derived Results
Visualization mode and mesh lines can be controlled from the toolbar.
If the *.DATA file is not found, the folder is searched for *.IN file. This file is parsed based on the file structure of a PFLOTRAN simulation. Identified faults will be imported simular to the import from *.DATA files.
By clicking the Faults item in the Project Tree, the following options common to all the faults are displayed:
This group of options controls the visibility of the fault faces. Since they work together, and in some cases are overridden by the system, they can be a bit confusing.
First of all, these options are only available in Faults-only visualization mode ( See Toolbar Control ). When not in Faults-Only mode, ResInsight overrides the options, and the controls are inactive.
Secondly, the option you would normally want to adjust is Dynamic Face Selection ( See below ).
The color of the NNC faces are set to be a bit lighter than their corresponding named fault, and can not be controlled directly.
Faults can be exported to separate files in the *grdecl file format. This is useful for example if you need a list of the geometrically detected faults that has not been covered by entries in the eclipse FAULTS keyword.
*grdecl
To export some faults, select the faults you want to export in the Project Tree, and select the command Export Faults … from the right-click menu.
You are then prompted to select a destination folder. Each Fault is exported to a file named Faults_<fault name>_<case name>.grdecl and stored in the selected folder.
Faults_<fault name>_<case name>.grdecl
The fault name of Undefined Grid Faults is simplified to UNDEF, while Undefined Grid Faults With Inactive is simplified to UNDEF_IA. All other faults keep their original name.
UNDEF
UNDEF_IA
The logical operation combining multiple Cell Filters is defined by “Combine Polygon and Range Filters Using Operation”
A new cell filter can be added by invoking the right-click menu for the Cell Filters collection in Project Tree.
The available cell filters are:
Polygon Filter: Defining a filter by marking target points of a polygon in 3D view to include or exclude matching cells. The polygon can be defined as part of the filter or referencing a polygon defined in the Polygons collection.
User Defined Filter: Defining a filter by specifying explicit cells to include or exclude by their IJK-index.
Range Filter: Defining a filter to include or exclude cells by specifying IJK-ranges. For radial models, IJ represents angle and radius.
Slice Filter: Defining a filter to include or exclude a slice of cells in either I-, J-, or K-direction.
The following exemplifies the use of a Polygon Filter and target points. Target points are defined and manipulated in 3D view as decribed in Polygons. Vertically, the filter can be set to use the XY target positions or IJK-index of targeted cells. The actual filtering can be specified to whole cells inside polygon, cell center inside polygon, or any cell corner inside polygon.
A filter can be added directly from 3D View by right-clicking a cell using the displayed menu.
Below is a snapshot of the Property Editor for the Range Filter type of Cell Filter:
The Start and Width labels in front of the sliders features a number in parenthesis denoting maximum available value. The Start labels show the index of the start of the active cells. The Width labels show the number of active cells from the start of the active cells.
Property Filters applies to the results of the Cell Filters and limits the visible cells to the ones approved by the filter. For a cell to be visible it must be accepted by all property filters.
A new property filter is created by activating the right-click menu on Property Filters or by right-clicking inside a 3D view. The new property filter is based on the currently viewed cell result by default.
The name of the property filter is automatically set to “propertyname (min .. max)” as you edit the property filter.
The right-click command Apply As Cell Result on a property filter, sets the Cell Color Result to the same values as the selected property filter.
Below is a snapshot of the Property Editor of the Property Filter.
The filter is based on a property value range (Min - Max). Cells in the range are either shown or hidden depending on the Filter Type (Include/Exclude). Exclude-filters removes the selected cells from the View even if some other filter includes them.
Normally the available range in the sliders is the max and min of all the values in all the time steps. For Flow Diagnostics results, however, the available range is based on the current time step.
We still need to keep the range somewhat fixed while moving from time step to time step, so in order to do so ResInsight tries to keep the intentions of your range settings, as the available range changes. If either the max or min value is set to the limit, ResInsight will keep that setting at the limit even when the limit changes. If you set a specific value for the max or the min, that setting will keep its value, even if it happens to end up outside the available range at a time step.
If the property is representing integer values, well tracer names or formation names , the property filter displays a list of available categories used to filter cells. The separate values can then be toggled on or off using the list in the Property Editor.
If it is more convenient to filter the values using a value range, toggle the Category Selection option off.
– I/J/K: Use flows in I/J/K direction for computing vectors.
– Show NNC data: Visualize flows between non-neighbouring cells.
– Threshold: All vectors with flow result values below this number are hidden.
Appearance: Select Result Colors to color vectors according to Element Vector Result legend in 3D View or Uniform for uniform color. Use Size Scale to scale vector length.
ResInsight may visualize intercell flows, flow rates, and transmissibilities as Cell Results optionally divided by face area, c.f. check-box Divide By Area below. For instance, the option enables comparison of horisontal and vertical flow velocities as alternative to flow rates as the latter is typically influenced by significant differences in cell face areas.
Specifically, the check-box Divide By Area is applicable to Eclipse properties FLROIL, FLRGAS, FLRWAT, FLOOIL, FLOGAS, FLOWAT, and transmissibilities TRAN and riTRAN. These results are listed in ResInsight postfixed by IJK+- or XYZ as shown above. As seen, checking Divide By Area is reflected by text /A in legend.
The file must have the columns “Well name”, “Unit name” (i.e. formation name), “Top MD” and “Base MD” (i.e. measured depth) to be regarded as a Well Pick file. They can be listed in any order, and all other columns will be ignorded.
The three unit names OIL, GAS and WATER are interpreted as fluids. Other unit names with only capital letters are groups. A unit name without an index is simply a formation. Unit names with one number is a formation 1, unit names with one punctuation is a formation 2, two punctuations, formation 3 and so on. Indentions in column name will be ignored.
See Annotations on plots. Annotations are added to plots in the same way as for k-layered formations, but the source is different.
In the Property Editor, choose Well Path as Source, and all well paths with formations will be shown in the drop-down list below. All disjoint well picks for the chosen well path is shown on default. To reduce the number of annotations, the Well Pick Filter can be used.
The Well Pick Filter will show formations down to the specified level. If more there are more than one formation within 0.1m of an MD, only the lowermost formation is shown. Well picks interpreted as Fluids are only shown by ticking the Show Fluids mark.
ResInsight 3D Views has an info box in the upper right corner displaying statistics for the current view. A more detailed version of this information may also be displayed in a separate dialog window. Right click on the 3D view background and select Grid Statistics to bring up the dialog.
The dialog consist of three information parts.
The Info Text field shows general info about the case, the selected results, and some statistics.
The histogram shows a histogram of the complete time series of the currently loaded Cell Result together with:
The cumulative histogram shows av accumulated version of the histogram above.
A grid statistics dialog is always connected to the 3D view from where it was opened. When the contents of the 3D view changes due to user interactions, the grid statistics dialog contents will be updated automatically along with the info box. The Statistics Options of the info box is shown in the figure below with default settings. These settings become available by clicking in the info box or the info box node in Project Tree.
The options in the Visibility group apply to the info box only and do not affect the Grid Statistics dialog, while the options in the Statistics Options group affect both.
The Grid Statistics dialog has a toolbar containing two buttons for snapshot functionality. The leftmost button copies a snapshot of the dialog contents to the operating system’s clipboard, while the rightmost button creates a file containing the snapshot.
The main window also has a snapshot toolbar containing the button Snapshot All Views. This button will include a snapshot of the Grid Statistics dialog if opened.
In addition, a selected subset of actions are presented as controls in the toolbar. The following subchapters describe the functionality and visualization pertinent to the 3D Main Window.
An intersection can be also be visually filtered by a user defined K Range Filter. K Range filtering is performed by enabling K Range Filter of an intersection. The filtering is defined using a text string, i.e. “5,10-15,20:3”, see Advanced Text Input for details.
The filtering of all intersections can be controlled when selecting the Intersections folder object. Activating these options will override the settings defined locally on each intersection.
Similar options can also be activated for Faults.
To select a simulation result to display on an intersection, right-click Intersection Results in Project Tree and select New Result Definition.
By selecting a specific Intersection Result, the Property Editor allows to specify case, type or position etc depending on whether the result stem from an Eclipse case or a Geomechanical case.
The next step is to select an Intersection in Project Tree and define Result Reference. In the example below, available sources are the two Intersections Results of previous figure, one of which stems from a geomechanical case and the other from an Eclipse case.
One or more views can be linked together to allow some settings like camera position and range filters, propagate from one view to another.
To establish a link between views, select Link Visible Views from the View toolbar. This will open a dialog where the Master View is selected. When pressing Ok in this dialog, the Linked Views items are displayed in the top of the Project Tree.
It is also possible to link specific views by selecting them and choosing Link Selected Views from the right-click menu. The following image shows the linking of a regular view with a Contour Map. Note that contour maps can never be the Master View.
When selecting a linked view in the project tree, the different options are available in the Property Editor.
A linked view can temporarily be disabled by unchecking the linked view. To disable all linked views temporarily, uncheck the top level item Linked Views.
Right-clicking one of the linked view entries in the Project Tree displays the following menu entries:
To activate the menu items for a linked view, right-click inside the 3D view anywhere outside the model. Depending on whether the view is a dependent-, or an unlinked view, some of the following commands are available:
Master views have no available linking commands.
ResInsight supports measurements in the 3D views. To enter measurement mode, press the ruler toolbar button or the keyboard shortcut Ctrl-M. This mode can also be activated from the right-click menu in a 3D view.
When ResInsight is in measurement mode, clicking on an surface in the 3D view will set the first measurement point. Clicking on a different surface will set the second measurement point, and display a label with measurements. Additional clicking will start a new measurement between two points.
The measurement label contains the following:
ResInsight also supports measuring a polyline (a set of line segments), which can be activated with the polyline ruler toolbar button or Ctrl-Shift-M. The measurement label will now contain additional measurements.
The measurement label contains several lengths.
To leave measurement modes, press the toolbar button, press the Esc button or press the keyboard shortcut used to activate the mode again.
In the example below, the Category Mode Exclusively Category Colors has been selected to produce a 3D visualization of formations according to the category numbers of Selected Formations Legend. As seen, formations according to the category numbers are displayed in colors while the others are displayed in grey. Please see Color Legends for more information about legends and category numbers.
The result info window displays text information based on selected geometry in the 3D view. This is information related to IJK cell values, the value of the currently selected result property, and the intersection point for the last mouse click in the 3D view.
If you want to show additional properties, activate and select additional properties from Multiple Result Info in the Project Tree. Additional values are displayed in addition to currently selected property.
Select Multiple Result Info in the Project Tree. Coordinates for the selected cell can be displayed by ticking “Show Center Coordinates” and “Show Corner Coordinates”
The results mapped on the 3D model can be inspected in detail by left clicking cells in the 3D view. The selected cells will be highlighted, text information displayed in the Result Info docking window, and the time-history values plotted in the Result Plot, if available.
The values along the different K-layers is available in the Depth Plot
Visibility of the docking widows can be controlled from the Windows menu.
Clicking cells will display slightly different information text based on the case type as described in the following tables.
The result values of the selected cells for all time steps are displayed in the docking window Result Plot as one curve for each cell.
Additional curves can be added to the plot if CTRL-key is pressed during picking. The different cells are highlighted in different colors, and the corresponding curve is colored using the same color.
To clear the cell-selection, left-click outside the visible geometry.
[Result Info]
The time history curves of the selected cells can be added to a Summary Plot by right-clicking in the Result Plot or in the 3D View.
A dialog will appear to prompt you to select an existion plot, or to create a new one.
Show the PVT Plot window by selecting Windows -> PVT Plot. When it is turned on, it will only be visible when the active view is a view of an Eclipse case.
The PVT plot window shows two plots, based on PVTNUM in the selected cell. One plots Phase Formation Volume Factor and the other plots Phase Viscosity, both against pressure. The Phase can be either oil or gas, and can be selected in the top left corner of the window.
Pressure for the selected cell, at the current time step, is marked on the plot as a vertical line, and a large circle marks the scalar value of the cell (formation volume factor/viscosity). RV for the selected cell is also shown.
Show the Relative Permeability Plot window by selecting Windows -> Relative Permeability Plot. When it is turned on, it will only be visible when the active view is a view of an Eclipse case.
The Relative Permeability Plot window shows up to six curves, based on SATNUM in the selected cell. The curves can be turned on/off in the top left corner of the window, and they are described in the following table:
Saturation of water and gas in the selected cell, at the current time step, are annotated in the plot by a blue and orange vertical line, respectively. The intersections between the lines and the relevant curves are marked with large circles.
Show the Mohr’s Circle Plot window by selecting Windows -> Mohr’s Circle Plot. When it is turned on, it will only be visible when the active view is a view of an Geo Mech case.
The Mohr’s circle plot shows three circles representing the 3D state of stress for a selected cell. In addition, it shows the envelope, calculated from the cohesion and friction angle given in the geo mechanical view’s property editor. Several sets of circles and envelopes can be added by selecting more than one cell in any view (as in image above).
Import of data is described in Seismic Data
Seismic Sections are cross sections that cut a grid model in various ways to display seismic data. A Seismic Section is created by right-clicking the Seismic Section item in Project Tree
The following types of Seismic Sections are available:
The Property Editor of a Seismic Section is shown below.
The properties are grouped as follows:
Import of data is described in Seismic Data. A seismic view can be created based on a seismic cube. This view can display seismic data, wells and annotation object. To visualize both grid data and seismic data in the same view, see Seismic Sections.
When seismic data is present, a new Seismic View can be created from the right-click menu of a seismic data source or the seismic views folder item. Seismic sections can be created for display of seismic data on intersections. See Seismic Sections for more details.
Surfaces and surface intersection lines can optionally be visualized on the seismic intersections.
Streamlines lets the user investigate the flow of different phases through a reservoar. It allows for selecting both an individual phase or a combination of phases colored by the dominant phase or velocity. The visualization and animation of streamlines requires the Eclipse properties FLRGASI/J/K FLRWATI/J/K FLROILI/J/K.
To display streamlines, select a time step and check the Streamlines checkbox in Project Tree.
The display and animation of streamlines is controlled by the Property Editor.
The following groups of settings control the content, display and animation of streamlines:
Data Selection
Well Selection
Visualization Settings
In case Visualization Mode is set to Manual control, the setting Animation Index replaces the two latter settings. Animation Index allows for displaying an individual animation step.
Streamlines are generated by starting in open injector well cells and tracing out through the face with the largest flow rate (in m/day) into the next cell and so on. If flow rates above the given threshold exists for multiple cell faces, additional trace branches are spawned off for those faces. The distance between each point added to a trace is controlled by the resolution, as $ distance = rate * resolution $. The trace ends when either:
Streamlines could also be generated using production wells as starting cells. In that case, the flow is reversed and the flow is traced backwards from the starting well using the same algorithm as for injector wells. Once reaching the end, the trace is reversed again to have the flow go into the production well in the final streamline.
Tensors are arrows showing the average principal vectors in an element, shown on every visible face of the element.
The tensor results editor is found in a geo mechanical model’s View in the project tree as seen below.
The tensor arrows visualize the principal vectors in three directions. Each colored pair of arrows represents a principal. In the example above, the orange and blue arrows represent pressures and the white arrows represent a tension.
Tensor Results of an element can be calculated from one of the three result values SE, ST and E.
Choose which of the three principals to be shown. The threshold removes all principals with an absolute value less than or equal to the threshold value.
Choose which color palette to use for the three arrows. The colors appear in “correct” order (first color = principal 1).
The vector color Result Colors is special. By choosing this color type, a new legend will appear. This legend is defined by the values in the Legend definition of the Element Tensor Results. The extreme values of the color mapper are the extremes of the three principals combined. In the example below, the color result is SE-S1. The largest arrow (principal 1) is quite similar to the cell color, as expected.
Scale method Result scales the arrows relative to the maximum result value of all components in the model. With scale method Constant, all the arrows are set to an equal constant size. The overall arrow size can be adjusted by using the Size Scale.
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*.GRDECL
*.LAS
ResInsight can also be built with support for Geomechanical models from ABAQUS in the *.odb file format.
*.odb
ResInsight contains several pre-processing tools for updating and improving Eclipse reservoir models, including but not limited to:
Flow diagnostics calculations are embedded in the user interface and allows instant visualization of several well-based flow diagnostics properties, such as : Time of flight, flooding and drainage regions, well pair communication, well tracer fractions, well allocation plots and well communication lines. The calculations are performed by a library called opm-flowdiagnostics developed by SINTEF Digital. More…
Integration with GNU Octave enables powerful and flexible result manipulation and computations. Derived results can be returned to ResInsight for further handling and visualization. Eventually, derived and computed properties can be directly exported to Eclipse input formats for further simulation cycles and parameter studies.
ResInsight is developed by Ceetron Solutions in collaboration with with Equinor.
ResInsight is a part of the Open Porous Media Initiative. -The software is hosted at GitHub, and the development progress can be monitored there. The GitHub issue tracker is heavily used to organize the development process.
The software is licensed under GPL 3+, see Licensing details.
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ResInsight is used in many different ways. This section will describe some selected workflows describing how to solve specific tasks.
As the simulation models grow in size, the requirements on processing resources and memory are increasing. ResInsight have some options that can improve performance by transformation of data or reduction of data input.
Summary data is usually available as SMSPEC and UNSRMY files. UNSMRY files are stored in a binary format, and all data for one time step is stored one section. When extracting data for all time steps for a single summary vector, data must be read from multiple sections. This can give bad performance for large datasets.
For best performance, transform these data files to ESMRY File Format
Summary Data Import
ResInsight has two grid import readers, ResData and opm-common. For best performance, use opm-common.
Preferences
*.ESMRY files contains the same data as SMSPEC/UNSMRY. The data in these files store all data for a summary vector in one section to give significantly better performance when accessing single summary vectors compared to SMSPEC/UNSMRY.
ResInsight will by default use this file format.
If no ESMRY files are available, ResInsight can produce these files. This can be configured in Preferences. Note that all summmary data is read and write into a new ESMRY file. This operation will take some time, and can take minutes for a large ensemble.
## Example: Use the accumulated sum for all PORV values to compute the normalized PORV NORMALIZED_PORV := x/sum(PORV)
When the computation is complete, you have to create a 3D View on the Statistics Case to view the results. Use the right-click menu of the Statistics Case to create it.
A new statistical calculation can be created by activating the right-click menu for Derived Statistic->New Statistics Case.
The summary curve calculator is a tool to do calculations on a set of curves. The created curves can be stored for later use in the project.
The calculator can be run by pressing the calculator icon in the menu bar, or by right-clicking on either a summary case or the summary plot collection.
Expressions can be saved to a text file using the Export Calculations button. The default location for calculations can be set in Preference->Import/Export.
More details on mathematical operations are described in Calculator Expressions
To make a new calculated curve, click on New Calculation. This will add a new calculation to Calculated Summaries. Before choosing which curves to do calculations on, a calculation expression must be made. The default expression Calculation_1 := x + y will do a vector addition on the curves which x and y are placeholders for, and assign it to the calculation Calculation_1.
To assign a summary address to a variable, select a summary vector in Data Sources, and drag/drop this vector into the address field in the Curve Calculator. Further details on variable assignment is covered in section Summary Address Selection.
By default, a calculation defined for one well will be distributed to all other wells. This feature can be disabled by unticking Distribute to other items
It is possible to add a unit to the calculated curve, in the field Unit beneath the expression field. This will be used as the label on the y-axis when the curve is displayed in plots.
An expression consists of placeholders (variables) for curves (summary address). By clicking Parse Expression, the variables will appear in the table below the settings. To assign a summary address to a variable, select a summary vector in Data Sources, and drag/drop this vector into the address field in the Curve Calculator.
It is also possible to select the address by pressing the Edit button. This action will open a Summary Address Selection dialog. Use the dialog to select a summary address and press OK.
After assigning summary addresses to all variables, click Calculate to evaluate the expression. The curve is saved and can be accessed in the Plot Editor.
All calculation expressions are available for ensemble plotting. Use the calculation objects the same way as they are used for single summary cases.
The similar concept is also used for Grid Property Calculator
The transmissibility for cells and Non-Neighbor Connections (NNCs) are dependent on both cell properties and geometry. ResInsight normalizes TRANX, TRANY and TRANZ with the overlapping flow area for both neighbor cells and NNC-cells. The results are named riTRANXbyArea, riTRANYbyArea and riTRANZbyArea respectively.
The normalized transmissibilities make it easier to compare and check the flow capacity visually. This can be useful when history matching pressure differences across a fault.
Transmissibility can be set or adjusted with multiple keywords in an Eclipse data deck. To visualize the adjustments made, ResInsight calculates a multiplicator for the overall change. First unadjusted transmissibilities for all neighbor cells and NNCs are evaluated based on geometry and permeabilities, similar to the NEWTRAN algorithm in Eclipse. For x- and y-directions, the NTG parameter is also included. The results are named riTRANX, riTRANY and riTRANZ respectively.
The TRANX, TRANY and TRANZ used in the simulation are divided by the ResInsight calculated transmissibilities and the resulting multiplicators are named riMULTX, riMULTY and riMULTZ respectively. The derived properties are listed under Static properties. The riMULT-properties are useful for quality checking consistence in user input for fault seal along a fault plane.
The static result riNncCells use 1 to represent cells having a NNC and 0 for other cells.
Cell properties with names ending in I, J, K, X, Y, or Z, and an optional “+” or “-” are combined into derived results post-fixed with IJK, or XYZ depending on their origin. (Eg. the static cell properties MULTX, MULTY, MULTZ, and their negatives are combined into the result MULTXYZ, while the dynamic cell properties FLRGASI, FLRGASJ, FLRGASK are combined to FLRGASIJK).
These combined cell properties visualize the property as a color in all directions combined when selected in as a Cell Result and Separate Fault Result.
The face of a cell is then colored based on the value associated with that particular face. The Positive I-face of the cell gets the cell X/I-value, while the J-face gets the Y/J-value etc. The negative faces, however, get the value from the neighbor cell on that side. The negative I-face gets the X-value of the IJK-neighbor in negative I direction, and so on for the J- and K-faces.
The directional combined parameters available are:
<name>IJK
The dynamic cell property named Completion Type is calculated from the intersections between Completions and the grid cells. All grid cells intersected by a completion will be assigned a color based on the type of completion that intersects the cell.
If a cell is completed with multiple completions, the following priority is used : Fracture, Fishbones, and Perforation Interval.
In the process of normalizing transmissibility by the overlapping flow area, the NNCs in the model without any shared surface between two cells are identified. These NNCs are listed in the Faults/NNCs With No Common Area folder. These NNCs are questionable since flow normally is associated with a flow area.
Water Flooded PV, also called Number of flooded porevolumes shows the amount of flow from a selected set of simulation tracers into a particular cell, compared to the cells mobile pore volume. A value of 1.0 will tell that the tracers accumulated flow into the cell has reached a volume equal to the mobile pore volume in the cell.
Mobile Pore Volume MOBPORV is computed based on the grid cell properties PORV, SWCR and MULTPV.
If MULTPV is missing, MULTPV is set to 1.0. If SWCR is missing, SWCR is et to 0.0.
$ MOBPORV = MULTPV * PORV * (1.0 - SWCR) $
The static property riCellVolume contains the geometrical volume of a cell.
Thus for a vertical stack of elements $element_{ijk} = K \to K_{ref}$, $MWW_{ijk}$ is given as
$ MWW_{ijk} = maximum(LMWL) - minimum(UMWL) (k = K \to K_{ref}) $
Similar calculations are made below the reference layer, but then with the reference layer as the top layer.
In addition to the MWW parameter, the mud weight representing the middle of the drilling window (MWM) is calculated if MWW > 0. Otherwise, MWM should is undefined.
When planning new well paths, it can be usedful to see the distance from the current cell to the closest fault. This result is available in Static->FAULTDIST
The distance is calculated based on the distance from each cell face center to the closest fault face center. One value is calculated per each cell. The calculation is started when the FAULTDIST result is selected.
Workflow description
MOBILE_OIL := if(((SOIL-SOWCR) < 0.00), 0.00, PORV*(SOIL-SOWCR))
SUM_MOBILE_OIL := sum(MOBILE_OIL)
MOBILE_OIL
See draft workflow with screenshots here: https://github.com/OPM/ResInsight/discussions/10913
Finally, press Calculate to perform the actual calculation.
The calculated result is accessable via Property Editor as Type Generated Result Property.
Use Import Calculations and Export Calculations to store and load expressions to and from a file.
ResInsight offers a built-in property calculator for grid parameters. The Grid Property Calculator enables arithmetic expressions to be parsed and calculated for visualization purposes. The expression can be applied to one or multiple grid models, and the expression text can be stored to a file for later use.
ResInsight offers a built-in calculators for both summary curves and grid parameters. These expressions can be stored to text files for later use.
Other more specialized calculations are also available, such as fault distance, geomechanical results, and calculation of statistics for grid cell values.
The ResInsight Python API allows the user to access all contour maps belonging to a project. A Python script for exporting contour maps to a text file is included as one of the examples of the ResInsight Python API.
In order to export well paths to dev files, select the menu item File -> Export -> Export Visible Well Paths or select one or more well paths and then select one of the items in the sub menu Export Well Paths.
A dialog appears after selecting an export well path command.
The visible cells can be exported as a FLUXNUM or MULTNUM keyword that can be used in an Eclipse input data deck.
You can do this by using the command Export Visible Cells as FLUXNUM/MULTNUM found by right clicking:
The command can also be found in File -> Export. If the command is used in the project tree, the visible cells from the selected view are used for calculation. In the 3D view and from File -> Export, the visible cells from the currently active 3D view are used.
ResInsight features the following capabilities for export of data to reporting or further analysis:
The following subchapters details the functionality and capabilites.
The Static result values in the Grid may be exported as Eclipse Input Parameters. The default parameters are EQLNUM, FIPNUM, NTG, PERMX, PERMY, PERMZ, PORO, PVTNUM, SATNUM and SWATINIT. ACTNUM is exported by default in the Grid Export file.
Other statuc result variables may be selected.
By default the Parameters will be exported to a separate file per parameter in the grid folder location. However it is possible to append them to the grid file, export them all into a single parameter file or omit them completely be selecting different options in the Export Parameters drop down list.
The Advanced Snapshot Export command is useful for exporting several images of a specified set of views while simultaneously changing some of their settings. By using this command it is easy to document all layers of a specific model, or generate images with identical setup across several different cases. It is also easy to export an image for each of the time steps in a case, or even a combination of all these parameters.
The Advanced Snapshot Export is available from the File->Export menu in the 3D Main Window Invoking the command will display the following dialog:
This table defines which 3D Views to modify, and how to modify them. Each row defines the modifications of a specific view, and for all the combinations a row specifies, a snapshot is generated.
To edit a row, the row must be activated by toggling it on in the Active column, then double click on the cell to edit.
Options represented by columns:
The number of exported snapshots from a row can easily end up being huge, so it is wise to use some caution. The total number will be Properties * Time Steps * Range Steps * Cases.
Rows can be deleted and created by right-clicking in the table. 5 rows are created for convenience by default.
The snapshots will be generated and saved to the folder displayed in the Export Folder field, when pressing the Export button. This might take quite some time, depending on you settings.
HDF5 is used to read SourSimRL result files. On Windows this is optional, while on Linux the installed HDF5 library will be used if present.
Use an advanced flag RESINSIGHT_HDF5_BUNDLE_LIBRARIES to include HDF5 libraries in the installation package.
Tested with 1.8.18 on windows, and default installation on RedHat 6.
See the following for common install procedures and options:
Linux Installation
Windows Installation
See Build Instructions for the complete list of configuration options including support for Octave plugins, ABAQUS ODB API, and HDF5.
ResInsight is under continuous development targeting two major releases per year. -For an overview of some of its new and exciting features, see the following:
ResInsight 2024.03.1
ResInsight 2024.03
ResInsight 2023.12
ResInsight 2023.10
ResInsight 2023.06
ResInsight 2023.03
ResInsight 2023.01
ResInsight 2022.06.1
ResInsight 2022.06
ResInsight 2021.10
ResInsight 2021.06
ResInsight 2020.10.1
ResInsight 2020.10
ResInsight 2020.04.1
ResInsight 2020.04
ResInsight 2019.12.1
ResInsight 2019.12
ResInsight 2019.08
ResInsight 2019.04
ResInsight 2018.11
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For the complete list of releases and updates, please visit ResInsight on Github.
ResInsight 2024.09
By default, icons are not visible in menus in the GNOME desktop environment. ResInsight has icons for many menu items, and icons can be set visible by issuing the following commands (Tested on RHEL6) :
gconftool-2 --type boolean --set /desktop/gnome/interface/buttons_have_icons true gconftool-2 --type boolean --set /desktop/gnome/interface/menus_have_icons true
This fix was taken from reply number 11 in this thread
octave-cli
Uncheck Settings->Display->Enable 3D Acceleration. Disabling this option will cause OpenGL operations to be executed in software, so the the performance of graphics operations in ResInsight will be slower, but will not crash.
Here is a pointer addressing the issue with Virtual Box, this is not testes by us:
https://superuser.com/questions/541537/how-to-solve-issues-with-shader-model-in-virtualbox
The binary distribution does not support ABAQUS odb files. For building ResInsight with ABAQUS support, see Build Instructions.
C:\Your\Path\To\Octave-x.x.x\bin\octave-cli.exe
A binary package of ResInsight will normally not work with other Octave versions than the one it is compiled with.
You have to point to the cli binary in the windows octave installation. The octave.exe will not work as it is launching the octave GUI.
octave.exe
When launching ResInsight at the first time, a Smartscreen warning might be displayed. This is a security feature by Microsoft, and will warn the user when an unknown program is launched. This warning is displayed once for each installation.
Press the More info link in the upper left section.
Notice the information and digital signature by Ceetron Solutions AS.
Press Run anyway, and the application starts. This warning is only displayed once.
The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) lets developers install a Linux distribution and use Linux applications, utilities, and Bash command-line tools directly on Windows, unmodified, without the overhead of a traditional virtual machine or dualboot setup.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install
ResInsight has been successfully installed and used on Ubuntu in WSL. The installation is similar to the Linux installation. The desktop application can be launced from the WSL command line, and the user interface will show up on the Windows desktop.
If you need the user manual for an object, you can use the right-click menu of the object and select Search Help for:. This will open up the user manual for the selected object from resinsight.org.
ResInsight Help menu options are:
ResInsight is a powerful open source, cross-platform 3D visualization, curve plotting, and post processing tool for reservoir models and simulations. This chapter provides an overview of its functionality and installation.
ResInsight comes with four navigation modes. The active mode can be selected in the [Preferences dialog] (/ResInsight-UserDocumentation/misc/preferences/).
Note that changing the navigation mode applies to the currently active view only, and views created after the change.
These abbreviations are used in the tables below:
The following applies to all navigation modes:
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“I have been using ResInsight now for some time and have stopped using the commercial software as ResInsight is much more responsive and easier to use. It really is an excellent piece of software.”
David BaxendaleSenior Petroleum Engineering Advisor, RPS Energy
“ResInsight is an excellent tool to visualize simulation results and offers good-looking and illustrative graphs for presentations. I found the integration with Octave especially powerful in my research.”
Tor Harald SandveResearcher, International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS)
Equinor ASA has initiated, financed and supervised the development of ResInsight and is using it on a daily basis.
The geomechanical cases are sorted into its own folder in the project tree named Geomechanical Models as opposed to the Grid Models folder where the Eclipse cases and Grid Case Groups resides.
See Build Instructions on how to compile ResInsight with odb-support.
A Grid Case Group is a group of Eclipse Result Cases with identical grids, but generally different active cells, initial values and results. These cases are called Source Cases. The purpose of a Grid Case group is to make it easy to calculate statistics across the source cases both for static and dynamic Eclipse Properties. See Grid Case Groups and Statistics .
As described in Overview, ResInsight has two main windows, one for 3D related visualizations and one for 2D graphs and plots. The content and appearance of displayed information is managed and controlled by the Project Tree and the Plots windows. Some of their general functionality is described and exemplified below.
Multiple selection of items in ResInsight offers an entrance to powerful combinations and collective actions. To exemplify, consider the plot of Bottom Hole Pressure for a number of wells atop this page. By multi-selection in Plots, you may for instance change the color of multiple curves as shown below.
Several options are available for multi selection of items which can be used in combination for efficiency and convenience:
ResInsight offers context sensitive help for any item in project tree. Most convenient is just to press the F1 help key for any selected item. Alternatively, you may right-click an item and invoke menu item Search Help For.
ResInsight 2018.11 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for Eclipse reservoir models. Version 2018.11 contains a larger number of new and exciting features, some of which are listed below.
Local Grid Refinement (LGR) can be created based on Eclipse simulations. The refined grids can also be visualised in 3D.
See Completions LGR
ResInsight lets the user create new/custom well paths by clicking in the 3D view. A self-established well path will behave in the same way as a regular imported well path.
See Create Well Paths
ResInsight can create contour maps based on different forms of aggregation of 3D Eclipse data onto a 2D map.
See Contour Maps
ResInsight can create Well Bore Stability plots for Geomechanical cases. These plots are specialized Well Log Plots and contain a visualization of Formations, Well Path Attributes as well as a set of well path derived curves in two different tracks.
See Well Bore Stability Plots
ResInsight can require a considerable amount of memory to hold all the grids and necessary result variables. A Memory Management system is now in place to help the user if available memory is low.
See Memory Management
ResInsight 2019.04 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for Eclipse reservoir models. Version 2019.04 contains a larger number of new and exciting features, some of which are listed below.
ResInsight supports the creation of cross plots of two results against each other, with each cell in the grid representing one data point in the plot. The data points can be grouped by a third result, by time step or by Formations, giving a separate color and label for each group.
See Grid Cross Plots
ResInsight can create plots displaying bubble and dew point pressures, together with initial pressure in model, versus depth. Fluid contacts (GOC and/or OWC) are displayed as annotation lines in the generated plots.
See Saturation Pressure Plots
Sub-sections of the Eclipse Grid with Parameters and Faults can be exported to Eclipse ASCII files in order to create new Simulations on the sub-section. These sub-sections can also be refined to a higher resolution.
See Export Sector Model
ResInsight supports interactive modeling of ICD, AICD and ICV. It is possible to export completions to a text file containing the Eclipse input data keywords needed to represent the completions as a Multi Segment Well - MSW.
See Completions and Completion Export
Annotation objects like text, lines and plolylines can easily be added to a view.
See Annotations
ResInsight now supports measuring distances and polyline lengths across a Grid.
See Measurements
Several new keyboard shortcuts have been added to ResInsight for convenience. The shortcut can be seen by hovering over tool bar icons to show the tooltip for the given action, or seen in the right-click menu for project tree items.
For instance will the Delete key now delete any deletable item in the project tree and Ctrl-Alt-S/N/W/E/D/U will change the 3d Camera view to South, North, West East, Down and Up respectively.
See Keyboard Shortcuts
For more information and examples, please see the ResInsight Python API.
It is now possible to launch ResInsight as a console application with no user interface. Some workflows might include servers with no graphics card, and the console mode enables use of ResInsight in this context.
See Command Line Interface
See Summary Plotting
ResInsight allows the user to create a ensemble RFT plot similar to summary ensemble plots. The functionality includes advanced color schemes for differentiation of curves, computation of statistics, and import of observed ensemble RFT data from FMU.
ResInsight scripting has been extended with summary plotting commands that plot summary vectors based on textual specifications including the use of wildcards for selection and filtering. For more information and examples of use, see Command line interface for Summary Plotting.
Text-Based Curve Creation allows specification of a list of vectors for plotting based on selected sources. The history of text-based curve specifications are recorded to allow for effective use.
This is possible to combine with Summary Source Stepping which has been extended to further support swift stepping through multiple vectors.
ResInsight can create contour maps based on different forms of aggregation of 3D Eclipse data onto a 2D Plane. Any 3D result value can be aggregated, in addition to specialised results, such as oil, gas and hydrocarbon columns. A Contour Map is a specialised 2D view with many of the same features as the 3D views, including property filters, range filters and display of faults and wells. For more information, see Contour Map Export.
Major extensions and enhancements have been added to Well Bore Stability plots for Geomechanical cases. Well Bore Stability plots are specialized Well Log Plots to visualize Formations, Well Path Attributes as well as a set of well path derived curves in different tracks.
Following multiple user requests, the defaults for Statistics Options in Info Box have been changed to:
ResInsight 2019.12.1 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for reservoir models and simulations. Version 2019.12.1 consists of a few critical issues and minor functionality changes.
Release info on GitHub
Output of segment depth is based on center of segment. Previously the segment end was reported.
Export of Completions and MSW
In previous releases, no connection factor has been reported if multiple fracture completions has been detected in the same cell. Now, when multiple fracture are detected, they are combined and reported similar to other completion types.
Export of Completions
ResInsight 2020.04 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for reservoir models and simulations. Version 2020.04 is a major update bringing a range of significant new and enhanced features.
ResInsight supports import of 3D Surfaces , and allows mapping properties and simulation results onto these surfaces.
A Cumulative Phase Distribution Plot shows the volumetric oil, gas, and water distribution from contributing wells to a target well.
The difference between two summary cases or two ensembles can be established using Delta Ensemble and Delta Summary Case.
Well Disks may be used to visualize production and injection rates and cumulative production and injection with oil, gas, and water phases shown in green, red, and blue, respectively. Optionally, the quantity of production and injection can be displayed.
The Python documentation is now available on a separate site.
Here are the highlights of new features for Python
Python Documentation
A Multi Plot allows the user to combine multiple plots in a grid layout. Plots from different types can be combined. This plot type is tailored for export to PDF.
ResInsight can import Well Measurements and show the location of measurements by using symbols in the 3D view.
Well Bore Stability Plot
More parameters are now available for Well Bore Stability Plot, and it is now possible to create and modify these plots from Python.
Combine Multi Case Results in one View
In a view displaying result values from one case, ResInsight also supports display of results from other cases. This feature is available for Faults , Intersections , and Surfaces
References to External Files
All external file references are now located at the top of the Project File enabling the user to efficiently change referenced data.
Release Notes on GitHub
ResInsight 2020.04.1 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for reservoir models and simulations. Version 2020.04.1 is a patch update with several critical fixes.
Most important fixes
Release notes for 2020.04.1
https://github.com/OPM/ResInsight/milestone/274?closed=1
ResInsight 2020.10 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for reservoir models and simulations. Version 2020.10 is a major update bringing a range of significant new and enhanced features.
ResInsight supports import of 3D Surfaces , and allows mapping properties and simulation results onto these surfaces. In addition, it is now possible to create a surface from the top of a K-layer in a grid model.
OpenWorks XYZ file format is now supported.
Color Legends can be customized and managed by the user. User defined color legends can be used for any result mapping.
Analysis Plots are bar charts used to compare summary data at specific timesteps across Ensembles and Summary Cases.
Correlation Plots are plots used to visualize correlations between ensemble parameters and summary result vectors. Several visualizations can be created, including tornado plots, correlation matrices, and cross plots.
More derived geomechanical results are now available. These includes Mud Weight Window, Stress Anisotropy timelapse, Shear Slip Indicator and Pore Compressibility.
For more details on these parameters see Geomechanical Derived Results
The Flow Vector Result View lets the user investigate fluxes by visualizing flow vectors in the reservoir. It allows for selecting and combining different fluids and directions.
Flow Vector Result
An increasing number of engineers are now used to working with customized visual themes on their desktops. In order to allow the users to work with ResInsight in this settings, we have established support for application themes. Many icons are also updated to improve communication with the user.
The active application theme can be modified from Preferences->GUI Theme
The Python documentation is updated with new features
ResInsight 2020.10.1 is the latest version of ResInsight, the professional quality, open source 3D visualization, curve plotting and post-processing tool for reservoir models and simulations. Version 2020.04.1 is a patch update with several critical fixes.
Python API fixes
Improvements
Release notes for 2020.10.1
https://github.com/OPM/ResInsight/milestone/310?closed=1
Objective Functions are used to color the curves of an ensemble plot in ResInsight to highlight characteristics by a function definition based on individual summary vectors. As shown in the example above, the legend relates colours to values as calculated by a particular objective function and shows the use and formula of the objective function in the plot.
A Vertical Flow Performance Plot (VFP Plot) shows the relationship between bottom hole well conditions and wellhead pressure describing a well’s ability to lift fluids to the surface. ResInsight can display both production and injection VFP plots.
If you need the User Manual for an object, you can use the right-click menu of the object and select Search Help for:. This will open up the user manual for the selected object from resinsight.org.
Polygon Cell Filter allows the user to define a filter by marking target points of a polygon in 3D view to include or exclude matching cells. Target points are defined and manipulated in 3D view as decribed in User Defined Polyline Annotations. Vertically, the filter can be set to use the XY target positions or IJK-index of targeted cells. The actual filtering can be specified to whole cells inside polygon, cell center inside polygon, or any cell corner inside polygon.
Multiple selection of items in ResInsight offers an entrance to powerful combinations and collective actions including Undo and Redo functionality . If the user regrets an action, for instance the color setting for multiple wells as exemplified above, the collective action can be undone by pressing Undo.
Ensemble RFT Plot can be colored by Ensemble Parameter. One ensemble parameter is selected to control coloring. The ensemble parameter value for each case is used to pick a color in a color range. In this case a color legend appears.
See Release Notes on GitHub for further details and information.
To study the structural uncertainty for an ensemble of cases, ResInsight enables the user to import an Ensemble Surface and compute the statistical surfaces based on this ensemble.
To study the uncertainty for well log extraction curves, ResInsight enables the user to import an Ensemble Well Log and compute the statistical distribution in this ensemble.
Improved performance for grid model import from GRDECL. Improved performace for surface geometry import.
Several improvements and more examples
https://api.resinsight.org/en/stable/PythonExamples.html
The new release offers a restructured windows layout for improved user experience and efficiency. The following are separated into individually dockable windows:
RFT Segment Data can be plotted as horizontal Well Log Plots.
Release 2022.06.1 is mainly a bug fix release in addition to a few new features.
The Window Management was updated allowing an easy to use and powerful management system. ResInsight stores application window visibility and location between sessions. It is also possible to store the window configuration to a file for later reuse.
Icons are added to the docking windows to make it easy to find a window.
Summary Plotting is updated with new features and improved workflows:
The data source for multiple plots can be updated by clicking on a well path in 3D. This feature can be useful for large fields with many wells and you want to investigate a small subset of wells.
Source Stepping
It is now possible to get the result property values from all linked views when left-clicking on a cell in a view. Text is displayed in Result Info, and values from other properties can also be appended. Property filters can now be linked between views, and will also work between multiple cases.
Linked Views
The grid calculator and summary curve calculator is updated with more help and improved usability. The grid property calculations will now always calculate values for active cells and do nothing for other inactive cells.
Grid Calculator
Summary Calculator
Calculator Expressions
The calculation of the geometry for a user defined well path had some defects. These issues are now fixed, and can affect the generated geometry of a user-defined well path. If the ResInsight project file was stored with a version before 2023.01, loading the project in version 2023.01 and later can potentially generate a slightly different well path geometry from the target at sea level to the first user-defined well target (the location of user-defined well targets are unchanged). The location of perforation intervals and completions are specified by measured depth, and could be shifted to a different location.
Thanks to https://github.com/EdmundStephens for reporting this issue.
User defined well paths
RFT Segment Data can be plotted as horizontal Well Log Plots. This feature is now improved with more tracks and improved visual quality.
RFT Segment plots
ROFF files with properties can be imported, both in ASCII and binary form. Grid geometry and properties per cell can be imported.
ROFF grid models
Wrong area for scaled fractures
Improved Window Tiling
A calculated summary vector is now by default available for all wells, all cases and all ensembles.
[Summary Calculator] [Calculator Expressions] [Grid Calculator]
Import of radial grids including local grid refinement(LGR) are now supported. Using I and J range filters will filter the grid case based on angle and radius (Theta and R).
Multi Segmented Wells - MSW is updated with new features and improved visualization
Use Well Allocation Over Time to see the allocation over multiple restart time steps.
The [Depth Plot] can be used to display values for all K-cells for one or multiple selected IJ cells.
CTRL-E
ResInsight supports the following seismic file formats:
Seismic Data
Seismic Sections
Summary Tables are a display of curve data based on Eclipse Summary Data as a color map in table format. It shows summary data of vectors for the selectable categories: Well, Group or Region.
Summary tables are displayed with the summary vectors on each row, and time step values according to selected Date Resampling in each column - as shown with resampling Year in the screenshot above.
Summary Tables
Producer/Injector Connectivity Tables is a display of Flow Diagnostics Data as a color map in table format. The table either shows flow rate data for a single time step, or accumulated flow volume data over a range of time steps.
Intersections and faults can now be visually filtered by using cell filters, and can be useful if faults and intersections obscure other interesting parts of the model. The filtering using cell filters is by default activated.
Intersection Filters
Fault Filters
Decline Curve Analysis
Regression Analysis
Integer Cell Results can now be visualized using Integer Color Legends and use custom color names that can be displayed in the 3D view.
The visual appearance of ensemble curves has been improved. Ensemble curves are displayed using a brighter color than the statistics curves.
A color selection dialog can be opened by clicking on the color icon in the Project Tree. This feature is also supported for single summary curves.
When working with seismic data, it is no longer required to have a grid model open. Import a seismic cube and surfaces, add some well paths and interact with seismic data.
Seismic View
Summary Cross Plot curves are now easily available as part of a summary plot. Cross plot of ensemble curves is now supported, and Regression Curves can be created on both single cross plot curves and ensemble statistics curves.
Grid Cross Plots have now support for display of regression curves.
When using a aggregation expression like sum the resulting value will be available as a cell result (the single value is duplicated and displayed for all cells used in the calculation). If the calculation is applied to multiple grids, the aggregated value for each realization will be displayed in the Messages dialog. For each time step, the statistical values are also computed and displayed as text.
Aggregation of Grid Cell Values Example
Multiple RFT plots can now be created using the Create Multiple RFT Plots menu item. The operation will create one plot for each RFT well.
Grid Property Calculations perform better for multiple (large) grid models
See Release Notes 2024.03.1
ResInsight has now support for import of data from two cloud services, ensemble summary data from SUMO and well path geometry from OSDU. Configuration of these services is specified in JSON files.
Cloud Services
An ensemble of grid cases can be imported into a grid case ensemble. Creating a view in this ensemble will allow the user to quickly switch between realizations using a drop down menu.
Import Grid Case Ensemble
Change Data Source for View
If you have identical IJK for all grid cases, consider using Grid Case Group
Import of faults defined in a PFLOTRAN simulation is now supported.
Faults from PFLOTRAN
Rate or Accumulated summary curve type is automatically derived from the summary address. The type can also manually be set by the user, and is often useful for Observed Data.
Summary Curve Type
Several improvements has been done related to the opm-common grid importer, especially simulation well data and LGR support. We recommend using opm-common for best performance.
Performance Hints
A grid model can be imported from several sources, either Eclipse binary/ascii or ROFF binary/ascii. Grid properties in separate files can be imported into any grid type as long as the number of grid cells is matching.
Appending properties
Eclipse Grid Models
ROFF Grid Models
Configuration of cloud services is described in Cloud Services - Authorization.
Summary ensemble data can be accessed from SUMO. ResInsight will store the required information to the data source, and fetch data from the cloud during project import.
From the right-click menu of Wells, select Import Well Paths from OSDU. A wizard will be displayed where field and well can be selected for import.
The imported well path will store required information to the location in OSDU, and the well path trajectory will be fethed during project import.
Some Eclipse files have an enormous amount of time steps. If only a selection of the time steps really are needed for the session, the time steps can be filtered before loading. This can possibly speed up the import a great deal. Filtering can be done in the following way.
Select File->Import->Eclipse Cases-> Import Eclipse Case (Time Step Filtered) and select an *.EGRID or *.GRID Eclipse file for import. A dialog will appear.
*.EGRID
*.GRID
Filtering can be done by adjusting the following parameters:
First and last time step to include in the import can be chosen in their respective drop down list. All time steps found in the file are included in both lists.
Filter Type is set to All by default. This means that all time steps between the first and last chosen time step will be imported. The alternative to All is to skip time steps in a number of Days, Weeks, Months, Quarters or Years. The skipping interval is set in the text field below. After editing the Interval field, press tab to update the Filtered Time Steps preview, or click anywhere in the dialog. Click Ok to import when the filter is ready.
Filtering can also be done after import, in a case’s Property Window.
After clicking Reload Case, the time steps in the toolbar will be updated.
If a binary or text Eclipse case is loaded, additional properties can be appended to this binary case. Make sure that the number of values in the GRDECL file matches the total number of cells in the binary case.
Appending Additional Properties
For export of currently selected cell result values to text file, see Export: Eclipse Properties
The X and Y grid data can be negated in order to make the Grid model appear correctly in ResInsight. This functionality is accessible in the Property Editor for all Eclipse Case types as the toggle buttons Flip X Axis and Flip Y Axis as shown in the example below.
Summary data can be imported as a single summary file or an ensemble of summary files.
Summary data is located in two files, summary vector names in *.SMSPEC and curve data in *.UNSMRY.
For import of ensemble datasets, see Ensemble File Dialog.
During summary file import, ResInsight checks whether the summary file is restarted, i.e. has an origin file. If an origin file is found, the Origin Files dialog is displayed.
Depending on what triggered the summary file import, the dialog shows slightly different information. If the summary file import was triggered by a grid file import, the dialog displays information about grid files in addition to the summary origin file(s). If the summary file was imported directly, information about grid files are not relevant and thus not displayed.
The dialog contents are organized in groups:
By default the file names are displayed using relative path based on the common root folder for all files. In order to display the full path, check the Show full paths checkbox. Regardless of the checkbox state, there is always a tooltip showing the full path for every file. It is also possible to copy a full path file name to the clipboard. Right click on the file name and select Copy file name.
If the user selected multiple summary files or grid files, this dialog will be displayed for every file that has an origin summary file. In this case the button OK to All appears. When this button is clicked, the rest of the files will be imported silently using the same options.
The name of a summary case can be changed by interactive edit of the name in the Project Tree (by clicking or using F2) or selecting the summary case in the Property Editor and edit the name.
ResInsight is able to import summary data in several file formats. Default exported by Eclipse is *.SMSPEC/.UNSMRY.
For best performance, consider using the ESMRY File Format.
Eclipse will by default export summary data to *.SMSPEC and *.UNSMRY. Data is organized by simulation time step and extraction of data for one summary vector can be time consuming for large data sets.
*.ESMRY files contains the same data as SMSPEC/UNSMRY. The data in these files are organized in a different way that will give significantly better performance when accessing single summary vectors compared to SMSPEC/UNSMRY.
Eclipse is able to produce summary data in a file format with the extension *.H5 with the same content as *.UNSMRY.
Using the option Group By Main Folder will identify case-1 and case-2 as the ensemble names. This folder structure is used by the Everest workflow.
After pressing the Find button, a file search is performed in the root directory and the directories below matching the path pattern. The files found are presented in a list, where the user can check/uncheck each file individually.
When the OK button is pressed, all checked files are imported.
Ensemble Surface
Ensemble Summary
ResInsight can be built with support for reading and displaying geomechanical analysis models produced by ABAQUS in the *.odb format. This is only possible if you or your organization has a copy of the ODB-Api from Simulia, and a valid license to use it.
If you have, and would like to a use these features, please see Build Instructions for a description on how to build ResInsight and how to include the support for odb-files.
Geo-mechanical data can be imported using the Import -> Geo Mechanical Cases menu. Here three options are present: Import Geo Mechanical Model, Import Geo Mechanical Model (Time Step Filtered) (both for odb files) and Import Element Property Table.
ResInsight supports the elements C3D8R, C3D8 and C3D8P which are all HEX8 cells. It is also assumed that there are no other element topologies present in the odb file, and that there are only one part. For IJK-based range filters to work, it is also assumed that the elements in the part is topologically arranged as a complete box.
ResInsight loads the second frame within each odb-step, and present those as the time series for each result.
All the result fields in the odb-file is then available for post processing in ResInsight, but stresses and strains are converted to pressure-positive tensors as normally used in geomechanics, instead of the normal tension-positive tensors that ABAQUS stores.
Pressure and stress are always displayed using the Bar unit.
Other derived results are also calculated, and are described in Derived Results
Most of the central features of ResInsight visualization setup also applies to ABAQUS Odb models, like range filters and property filters. Well Paths will also show up along with the odb models.
The Octave interface, however, does not support the odb-data yet.
By choosing the Import Geo Mechanical Model (Time Step Filtered) option, it is possible to limit the amount of time steps that are imported to improve the speed and reduce the memory use. If this option is chosen a tile step filter dialog is shown after selecting the file to import.
The data can be filtered by skipping Days, Weeks, Months or Years in the top Filter Type drop down list and the range of time steps can be picked in the First Time Step and Last Time Steps lists. Furthermore, the final selection can be fine tuned by selecting or deselecting individual time steps in the Select From N Time Steps list. ResInsight will ignore any data that doesn’t match these time steps and will thus reduce the amount of data imported.
ResInsight is able to import a wide span of Eclipse files, seismic data files, and ROFF grid models.
For import of Eclipse data pertinent to summary vectors and well log data, see Plot Window.
ResInsight can be built with support for geomechanical models from ABAQUS and is also able to import transient reservoir souring data from the SourSimRL simulation software.
In addition, ResInsight supports import of property tables in ABQUS input file format, observed time history data, and pasting time history data into a summary plot as described in the subsequent subchapters.
Log ASCII Standard (LAS) is a standard file format common in the oil-and-gas industry to store well log information.
Log ASCII Standard (LAS) files can be imported using the command: File->Import-> Well Data->Import Well Logs from File.
ResInsight will look for the the well name in the imported LAS-files among the existing Well Paths. If a match is found, the LAS-file is placed as a child of that well path. If not, a new empty well path entry is created with the imported LAS-file under it. A well path may have more than one LAS-files as children.
If the LAS-file does not contain a well name, the file name is used instead.
If ResInsight’s automatic well matching fails and a LAS-file is matched with the wrong well path, it is possible to move the LAS-file to the correct well path. Select the LAS-file right-click menu click Move LAS File to Well Path and select destination well path.
Well names may vary slightly among different files from the same well. When importing a well log file, ResInsight have to look for an existing well path item to ensure that the well log data and well path are imported to the correct well path item. The lookup is based on name comparison this way:
xxxxx1111/1111-
xxxxx1111/1111_
During LAS import, ResInsight parses a date on file according to the following expressions. Supported separators between day, month, and year are space, underscore, hyphen, and dot.
Examples of supported date expressions are listed in the following table.
When text have been copied to the operating system’s clipboard, it will be possible to paste that text into a summary plot. Right click on a summary plot in the Plot Main Window Project Tree and select Paste Excel Data to Summary Plot. Then a paste options dialog will appear.
Most of the fields in this dialog are the same as in the CSV/txt import options dialog. Please see that section for documentation on those fields. The fields specific to the paste options dialog are as follows:
ResInsight supports the following type of ROFF input data:
*.ROFF
*.ROFFASC
Roff Data can be imported from File->Import->Roff Grid Models->Import Roff Case menu. Select a grid file and additional files with properties in the import dialog. The grid will be displayed and used in the same way as an Eclipse grid model.
Operations on 3D Grid Models
A seismic file is imported by right-clicking the Seismic item in Project Tree or by using menu item File->Import->Import Seismic.
To look at seismic data, create a Seismic View. Combined display of both grid model geometry and seismid data is described in Seismic Sections.
The difference between two seismic cubes can be created using the following workflow:
The Property Editor for seismic data lists the available properties:
To improve visualization of seismic data, the data range can be overridden by checking Override Data Range and specify Clip Value.
The Seismic Histogram may provide valuable information for deciding how to map the data values to colors.
ResInsight converts SEG-Y files to VDS to obtain fast random access. Selecting a SEG-Y file (*.sgy, *.segy) thus triggers the Convert SEG-Y to VDS file format dialog shown below.
*.sgy
*.segy
The options for conversion of SEG-Y files are:
Subsequent to SEG-Y conversion, please check resulting key information for correctness by inspecting File Information of the Property Editor, notably Inline, Xline, and Z ranges. In case of discrepancy, the conversion of SEG-Y file has to be performed anew by specifying Depth (Z) Offset Override or specifying a JSON file as described in the documentation of the OpenVDS SEG-Y Import Tool.
A further option is to run the OpenVDS SEG-Y Import Tool from command line as the OpenVDS SEGYImport tool is part of your ResInsight intallation.
ResInsight is able to import transient results from the simulation software SourSimRL to combine reservoir souring simulation data with an Eclipse case for analysis and visualization. Results from SourSimRL in its sourres binary format can be imported using the SourSim File Name field as shown below:
Importing such a file will enable result type called SourSimRL as explained in Eclipse Result Types
✓ Open source✓ Efficient user interface✓ Handles large Eclipse cases✓ Plotting of summary vectors✓ Embedded Flow Diagnostics✓ Python API for scripting
✓ NNC visualization✓ Cell Edge Coloring✓ Detailed MSW visualization✓ Seamless Octave integration✓ Supports geomechanical ABAQUS simulations
It's easy and free, both on Linux and Windows:
Sign up to be notified of new releases:Release Notification →
Here are some words from a few of the happy ResInsight users Testimonials →
When the user is requested to specify a list of integer values, it can be useful to input the list using a text string. This can be a selection of K slices, a selection of realisations or a selection of integer values in a integer cell result.
5,10-13,20-26:2
This text will produce an integer array with values
[5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 20, 22, 24, 26]
Using the syntax “20-26:2” will produce integer values in the range at a step of 2, resulting in [20, 22, 24, 26]
This chapter of the ResInsight documentation describes the following:
See the subsequent subchapters for more information on each topic.
Other available keyboard shortcuts are
Summary Plot Manager
ResInsight can require a considerable amount of memory to hold all the grids and necessary result variables. If the requirements starts approaching the available physical memory on the workstation, ResInsight may become unstable and crash, as the operating system starts freeing memory to avoid system failure. To help alleviate this, ResInsight has some built-in memory management tools.
The tools are available from the memory indicator in the bottom right corner of the main 3D window.
If the available physical memory dips below 5% of the total physical memory on Windows, a warning will be displayed in the memory indicator. This threshold is 17.5% on Linux, as the memory manager on Linux is more likely to start stopping processes when memory is low. The amount of memory used will also be displayed in progress bars during operations in ResInsight if the available memory is less than 50% of total physical memory. In any case, ResInsight is likely to be stopped without warning by the operating system if the amount of used memory starts approaching the total physical memory on the computer.
It is possible to click on the memory used indicator to open up a dialog allowing the user to clear results from memory when they are no longer required. Any tool that is not currently used in a view may be cleared by selecting the result and clicking the Clear Checked Data From Memory. Note that, depending on your operating system, this may not result in a reduction in the memory reserved by the application. However, the actual use will have gone down and it may now be possible to run more operations without running out of memory.
Detailed usage of memory can be seen by clicking Show Memory Report.
By default, results will be shown for the active case. However, a specific case may be selected in the top drop down list. The pictures below show the dialog for both Eclipse and Abaqus results.
In this section the different settings that controls the default behavior of ResInsight is described. These settings can be controlled using the Preferences dialog available from the Edit -> Preferences menu. Preferences are not stored in project files, but in a platform specific way for each user. Essential preferences are listed below.
When changing the preferences, any default color, font or Z-scale Factor that has not been changed by the user in the various views, will be applied immediately. If the user has changed font sizes in specific plots or annotations from the default value, ResInsight will ask if the user wants the new defaults applied to all existing views and plots even where custom settings have been set.
Default Colors: This group contains the colors that will be applied to the 3D views:
Default Font Sizes: This group contains fonts preferences when using ResInsight:
3D Views: This group of options controls visual settings to be used when creating new views:
Behaviour When Loading Data
Fault Import
Well Import
EGRID Settings
<casename>.RESINSIGHT_IDX
Summary Plots:
FOPT WOPT*
Multi Plot Defaults: specification of number of rows and columns for each page containing multiple summary plots.
Plot Templates: specification of folders and folder search depth for templates.
General
Please consider the location and folders of your templates with care to cater for structured usage but also to limit the folder search depth for performance reasons.
Octave c.f. Octave Interface for details:
Python c.f. ResInsight Python API for details:
Script Files:
Logging to file can be enabled by specifying the destination log file.
A backup of a project file is added to a project file database when the project file is saved. The backup file is named with the extension *.rspdb and is stored in the same directory as the project file. The backup file is created with the same content as the project file at the time of the save operation.
*.rspdb
All revisions in the project database can be restored using the tool restore-projectfile-versions. Specify the project file database and the output directory where the revisions should be restored. The tool will create a copy of the project file for each revision in the output directory.
extract-projectfile-versions <projectfiledatabase.rspdb> <output-directory>
Open the restored project files in ResInsight to inspect the content of the project file at the time of the save operation.
To create regression tests you need to do the following:
Now you are all set to test new releases of ResInsight towards your own Regression tests.
Horizontally
Vertically
The window management system was updated in release 2022.06.1. ResInsight stores application window visibility and location between sessions. It is also possible to store the window configuration to a file for later reuse.
The window management is available from the Windows menu.
See the following demonstration of some of the Window Management features:
Alternatively, Analysis Plots can be created by right-clicking the Analysis Plots item in Plot Project Tree.
Having created an Analysis Plot, subitems Value Axis and Plot Data Filters emerges in Plot Project Tree. Value Axis allows for settings of title text, layout, and axis formatting. Plot Data Filters enables filtering of data.
The Analysis Plots property editor allows the user to specify a number of settings and optionally select a reference case in order to analyse vector data relatively to that particular case. The property editor groups further setup and settings as listed below.
The summary data to analyze is selected by a set of summary vectors. Press the available button to activate the Summary Adress Selection dialog to select a set of vectors from different ensembles, summary types and summaries.
As shown below, a single or multiple time steps is possible to select. The timestep filter enables the user to skip time steps by years, quarters, months, weeks, or days.
As shown below, the bar chart of Analysis Plots can be ordered by a major, medium, and minor grouping precedence according to the following fields:
In addition, the bar chart may be colored according to these fields, sorted according to signed or absolute value and restricted to top bars.
Check the appropriate buttons to display the color legend for the bar chart, bar labels of interest, and font sizes.
This section of the property editor allows for setting summary vector(s) and time step. To ease the selection of time step, the Time Step Filter may be used to skip time steps by years, quarters, months, weeks, or days.
This section of the property editor allows for setting plot title, font sizes, and legend if relevant. Please note that the Colors setting for specifying legend is irrelevant to tornado plots and cross plots and will not display for these types of Correlation Plots.
This section of the property editor will only display for cross plots to allow specification of ensemble parameter to cross plot with summary vector(s).
Decline Curve Analysis (DCA) can be created from the right-click menu for a curve in the Plot Project Tree.
Three decline curves are created, and the values for the decline curves can be inspected visually in the plot and values can be displayed using Show Plot Data from the menu inside the plot window.
J.J. Arps [1] concluded that the decline in oil production rate ($q_i$) over time can be described by these equations:
$$\frac{ 1 }{ q_0 } \frac{\partial q_0}{ \partial t} = -D$$
where the decline rate, $D$ is a time-dependent function:
$$D = \frac{D_i}{1+bD_i t}$$
where:
The equations can be used to forecast future reservoir and well production.
Based on the value of $b$ in the function, Arps classified the decline curves into three types:
It is important to note that the decline curve is an empirical model and assumes a simplified representation of the complex physical and geological factors affecting production decline.
Exponential decline is the production decline when $ b = 0 $. This gives a constant decline ($D_i = D$).
$$q_0 = q_i e^{-Dt }$$
Hyperbolic decline is the generic case where $ 0 < b < 1 $.
$$q_0 = \frac{q_i}{ (1+bD_i t )^\frac{1}{b} }$$
Harmonic decline is the production decline when $b = 1$:
$$q_0 = \frac{q_i}{ (1+D_i t ) }$$
Exponential decline is the production decline when $b = 0$. This gives a constant decline ($D_i = D$).
$$N_p = \frac{q_i - q_0}{D}$$
$$N_p = \frac{q_i^b}{D_i(1-b)} [q_i^{(1-b)} - q_0^{(1-b)}]$$
Harmonic decline is the production decline when $ b = 1 $:
$$N_p = \frac{q_i}{ D_i } * \ln(\frac{q_i}{ q_0} )$$
The continuous decline rate ($D_i$) can be determined from production history data. Using production rate and time data the value is the slope of the straight line on a semi-log plot. Taking two points on from the data $(t_1, q_1)$ and $(t_2, q_2)$:
$$D_i = \frac{1}{t_2 - t_1} \ln(\frac{q_1}{q_2})$$
[1] Arps, J. J.: “Analysis of Decline Curves,” SPE-945228-G, Trans. of the AIME (1945)
If the two input ensembles differs in which cases they consist of, ResInsight will display a warning and let the user decide whether to create the delta ensemble or not.
The command right-click command Show Plot Data will show a window containing the plot data in ascii format. The content of this window is easy to copy and paste into Excel or other tools for further processing.
It is also possible to save the ascii data to a file directly by using the right-click command Export Plot Data to Text File on the Accumulated Flow/Inflow Rates item in the Project Tree.
The total accumulation data can also be viewed in ascci format by the command Show Total Allocation Data.
Use Producer/Injector Connectivity Table to see the flow diagnostics communication between producer and injector wells for selected time steps.
A Cumulative Phase Distribution Plot shows the volumetric oil, gas, and water distribution from contributing wells to a target well. For producer B-2H, for instance, such a plot can be created by right-clicking its entry under Simulation Wells in Project Tree.
A Cumulative Phase Distribution Plot can also be created by right-clicking a Cumulative Saturation plot, c.f. figure below.
Clicking its entry in Plot Project Tree, displays content and settings of the Cumulative Phase Distribution Plot.
This window displays three different graphs describing the overall behavior of the reservoir for each time step from a flow diagnostics point of view.
*
The table lists one producer per row and one injector per column. The cell data is the flow rate data or accumulated flow volume data based on the selected Time Step Type. This table data provides an overview of the communicating wells in the reservoir, and shows which injector contributes to which producer, and who are the largest contributors to production.
The table can be formatted by use of the Property Editor, shown below. The cell data type is controlled by Value Type and the rows/columns can be filtered by selectecting producers and injectors in the Tracer Selection. Columns are controlled by the selection of resampling, and rows are controlled by selected Threshold value and Exclude Rows.
The Producer/Injector Connectivity Tables are a part of the Flow Diagnostics Plots. Click here for how to generate the plots from 3D view.
The settings for the Producer/Injector Connectivity Table is listed in the Property Editor.
The main controls for a Producer/Injector Connectivity Table is listed below:
The plot data can be configured, and controls are depending on selections in Filter by 3D View.
The content of flow diagnostics configuration is dependent on the selected Time Step Type.
Select which Producers and Injectors to include in the table. If no wells are selected, no filtering is active - thereby all producers and injectors present among the selected time steps are visible in the table when values are above threshold.
An example of applying a Slice Filter in Filter by 3D View and select Filter Type: Filter Producers, produces the following Tracer Selection and table view:
Note: If a selected well does not exist among the selected time steps, it will not be present in the table.
Well Allocation Over Time Plot is a plot displaying the flow data of Well Allocation Plots over a range of time steps. The plot provides the union of wells existing across all time steps for the selected case.
The plot utilize the Flow Diagnostics to provide an overview of which well or phase contributes most to the flow in a selected well. One can e.g. see which injectors are contributing to production of a producing well, and vice versa, over the selected time step range. The plot can be configured with a From and To time step to create the defined time step range. One can either utilize all time steps in the defined range, or one can down sample the date resolution by defining a number of time steps to utilize. Specific time steps flow values can be excluded by selection - the flow rate value for next time step is then utilized for calculations for excluded time step.
The Plot Type can either be Allocation or Well Flow. Allocation shows flow data for wells contributing to the flow of the selected Well, whereas Well Flow shows the flow data for contributing phases (Oil, Water and Gas) for the selected Well.
The data values are controlled by Value Type, where one can select between:
Note that flow rates and flow volume is constant for a time step and back in time to previous time step in the selected time step range. Accumulated flow volume values are linear interpolated from the respective time step and to previous time step. Small contributors can be grouped into Other by enabling grouping and setting a Threshold value.
Further plot configuration is performed by use of the Property Editor, shown below.
The Well Allocation Over Time Plot is a part of the Flow Diagnostics Plots. Click here for how to generate the plots from 3D view.
The settings for the Well Allocation Over Time Plot is listed in the Property Editor.
The main controls for a Well Allocation Over Time Plot is listed below:
The plot also have some available settings for the two plot axes (X and Y), where the title position and font size can be altered plus the axis range may be controlled and the axis may be set as logarithmic and inverted so the smallest value is first (default for DEPTH on the Y-axis).
A regression curve can be displayed for each data group. The display of regression curves is controlled from the Regression Curves folder.
Further Grid Cross Plot data sets can be added to a Plot by right clicking on the plot in the Project Tree and selecting New Data Set.
The Data Sets contain all the parameters controlling the data source and types of data being plotted.
The available parameters are:
The data used to create the Cross Plot can be exported by either right-clicking on the Cross Plot in the project tree or right clicking on the plot itself and selecting Show Plot Data.
Either method will bring up a dialog containing column-based text showing the X and Y result values, the Group index and Group Description (the latter two if Grouping is enabled). One tab in the dialog will be added for each Data Set. The data can be copied to the clipboard or exported to file by right-clicking on the text area.
The X- and Y-axes can be swapped, both for invididual data sets, by choosing Swap Axis Properties from the right-click menu of the Grid Cross Plot Data Set, or for all data sets by right clicking on either the Cross Plot in the Project Tree or on the plot itself and selecting Swap Axis Properties for all Data Sets in Plot. The X- and Y-axis will swap place retaining the properties, such as Logarithmic or inverted axes.
Grid Statistics Plots displays the histogram and statistics values for grid cells.
The most convenient way to create an Grid Statistics Plot is often to right-click in the 3D view and invoke Create Grid Statistics Plot as shown below.
Alternatively, Grid Statistics Plots can be created by right-clicking the Grid Statistics Plots item in Plot Project Tree.
If you want to display the statistics for a subset of cells, you can select a view to use only the cells visible in that view. This option is activated by selecting a view from the drop down list at Filter by 3d View Visibility
Essential actions are presented as controls in the toolbar for ease of use. The following subchapters describe the capabilities, functionality, graphs, and plots in more detail.
A new Multi Plot can be created by selecting a set of plots and from the right-click menu select Create Multi Plot from Selected Plots
The currenly supported types of plots to be part of a Multi Plot are:
The main page layout is controlled from Preferences
The property editor of a multi plot allows further customization
The number of columns can also be controlled from the Multi Plot toolbar.
Export to PDF is available from the right-click menu of a Multi Plot, or directly from the PDF export button in the toolbar.
An Objective Function is used to color the curves of an ensemble plot in ResInsight to highlight characteristics by a function definition based on individual summary vectors. As shown in the example above, the legend relates colours to values as calculated by a particular objective function and shows the use and formula of the objective function in the plot.
Curve coloring by Objective Function is activated as shown below.
Objective Function
ResInsight uses the following objective function definition:
$ F = \frac {1} {N} \Sigma (\frac{ \mid (t_i - tH_i) \mid }{ \epsilon * tH_i } )^n $
$ t_i $ : Simulated value for time step $i$
$ tH_i $ : History (observed) value for time step $i$
$ N $ : Number of Observations
$ \epsilon $ : Error estimate [0..100 %]
$ n $ : Either 1 - Basic error term, or 2 - Squared error term
The time step selection is either specified using Time Range (F1) to define all time steps in a time range or Selected Time Steps (F2)
It is also possible to create a Custom Objective Function to customize the coloring of ensemble plots:
Custom objective functions can express a weighted sum of the default objective functions (applied to any vector)
Custom objective functions allow for an arbitrary combination of weigthed default objective functions
Thus, $ M_{custom} = \Sigma_i^N weight_i * f_i(vectors) $ where $ f_i \in \lbrace F1, F2 \rbrace $
A Custom Objective Function is created by invoking the context menu on the Custom Objective Functions item in Plot Project Tree.
Adding a new weighted function expression to an existing objective function is performed by invoking the context menu as shown below.
Changing objective function can be performed by the property editor of actual ensemble. The property editor also allows toggling the display of formula by the Show Formula in Plot check-box and setting of time step range.
As seen below, selected range is displayed by color frame and labels in plot background. The range determines the time range for which the objective function is utilized for coloring the curves.
A PLT (Production Log Tool) plot is a special well plot for comparing observed production (well flow rates) and simulated production. The curves are plotted as production against measured depth (MD). Simulated production data is retrieved directly from the grid model or from the corresponding (*.rft) files, while observed production data are loaded from well log files (*.las).
There are several ways to create new PLT Plots
From Project Tree in the Plot Main Window
From the Project Tree in the Main Window
From the 3D view
To be able to plot observed production data for a well, a well log file containing that data must be imported. Production data in a well log file is expected to have column names:
To be able to plot simulated data for a well, the trajectory for that well have to be imported. If no well trajectory is found, ResInsight will present a warning dialog to the user.
The property editor lets the user select which curves to display in the PLT plot.
Select the well to display in the plot. Only observed well paths are displayed.
After a well has been selected in the Well Name field, sources for that well should appear in the sources field. The sources are placed in one of three different groups:
WRFTPLT
When the user selects a source, time steps for that source appears in the Time Steps field.
The Time Steps field contains available time steps for the selected source(s). Some combinations of selected sources may display a filtered list of time steps instead of the union of all time steps for all selected sources. The policy is as follows:
Each time step is postfixed by an indication of which source type(s) the time step is belonging to. This indication is displayed as one or more letters within square brackets. Examples: [ O ], [ R G ].
More than one letter for one single time step, means that the time step belongs to multiple case types.
The curve selection group lets the user control which component(s) of the PLT data to display.
This property editor lets the user control how formations are handled. This is what it looks like in the PLT plot context.
Please see the full documentation on the formations property editor for details.
When the formation names property editor is used in the context of PLT plots, the fields Trajectory and Simulation Well are hidden because those values are given by the PLT plot definition.
This property editor lets the user control visual properties for the legend and axis.
The PLT plot displays groups of curves. A group consists of the components oil, gas and water. The curves within a group are stacked, the biggest component first.
Regression analysis curves can be created from the right-click menu for a curve in the Plot Project Tree. In addition to single curves, regression anaysis is also supported on ensemble statistics curves and Cross Plot curves.
The linear regression (i.e. straight line fit) is calculated by choosing the line that minimizes the sum of the squared differences between the observed dependent variable values and the values predicted by the linear equation. The straight line equation can be written as:
$$ y = a + bx $$
Polynomial regression is a form of linear regression where the relationship between the independent variable(s) and the dependent variable is modeled as an nth-degree polynomial. It allows for more complex relationships between the variables by introducing polynomial terms into the regression equation.
A polynomial in a single indeterminate x can always be written (or rewritten) in the form
$$ y = a_{n}x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + \dots + a_{2}x^{2}+a_{1}x+a_{0} $$
To determine the degree of the polynomial, one needs to consider the complexity of the relationship between the variables and the nature of the data. A higher degree polynomial can capture more intricate relationships but may also lead to overfitting if the model becomes too flexible.
Polynomial regression can be beneficial when the relationship between the variables is curvilinear or nonlinear. By introducing polynomial terms, it can capture the curvature in the data and provide a better fit compared to simple linear regression.
The Power Fit regression is described by the following equation:
$$ y = ax^b $$
In power fit regression, the goal is to estimate the values of $a$ and $b$ that best describe the relationship between the variables. This is done by minimizing the sum of the squared differences between the observed dependent variable values and the values predicted by the power-law equation.
Exponential regression is a type of nonlinear regression used to model relationships where the dependent variable changes exponentially with the independent variable. It is suitable when the data exhibits exponential growth or decay patterns.
The equation for exponential regression can be written as:
$$ y = ae^{bx} $$
Exponential models are commonly used in biological applications, for example, for exponential growth of bacteria. Spotfire uses a nonlinear regression method for this calculation. This will result in better accuracy of the calculation compared to using linear regression on transformed values only.
The logarithmic fit calculates the least squares fit through points by using the following equation:
$$ y = a + b \ln( x ) $$
An RFT (Repeated Formation Tester) plot is a special well plot for comparing observed formation pressure and simulated formation pressure. The curves are plotted as pressure against true vertical depth (TVD) or measured depth (MD). Simulated pressure data is retrieved directly from the grid model or from the corresponding (*.rft) files, while observed pressure data are loaded from well log files (*.las).
There are several ways to create new RFT Plots.
ResInsight can automate the creation of multiple plots based on an already exising RFT plot.
Description of the workflow:
Pressure Depth Data
A custom file format for Pressure Depth Data is supported.
LAS Pressure Data
To be able to plot observed pressure data for a well in an RFT plot, at least one well log file from that well (e.g. *.las) has to be imported to ResInsight. This file must contain a pressure column, which must have the name PRESSURE or PRES_FORM. If the well log file itself does not contain a TVD column (named TVDMSL), a well path file (See Well Trajectories) for the same well must also be imported to ResInsight.
If no TVD data for a well is found when the user tries to plot a curve, ResInsight will present a warning dialog to the user.
The property editor lets the user select which curves to display in the RFT plot.
Select the well to display in the plot. Wells postfixed by ’(Well Path)’ have an associated well trajectory loaded.
After a well has been selected in the Well Name field, the relevant sources for that well will appear in the sources field. The sources are placed in one of three different groups:
When the user selects one or more sources, a selection of their time steps appears in the Time Steps field.
The Time Steps field contains the relevant time steps according to the source selection. Time steps are deemed to be relevant by the following rules:
More than one letter for one single time step, means that the time steps comes from multiple case types.
This property editor lets the user control the visibility of formations lines. This is what it looks like in the RFT plot context.
Please see the full documentation on the formations property editor for details about formations.
When the formation names property editor is used in the context of RFT plots, the fields Trajectory and Simulation Well are hidden because those values are given by the RFT plot definition.
RFT Segment Data can be plotted as horizontal Well Log Plots. RFT data can be imported based on a summary case or a grid case.
Open a summary case with RFT data
Some cases require data from WSEGLINK keyword. When importing summary data, ResInsight will automatically search for the related *.DATA file. The identified file can be seen or changed from the Property Editor.
From the right-click menu of the RFT Case object , select Create RFT Segment Plot or Create RFT Multi Phase Segment Plot
Select the generated Well Log Plot. Adjust the data source to desired well or branch. These settings are also available from the toolbar above the plot. Useful options to adjust for a curve is color, line style and area fill.
Well Log Plots
A Saturation Pressure Plot a plot displaying bubble and dew point pressures, together with initial pressure in model, versus depth. Fluid contacts (GOC and/or OWC) are displayed as annotation lines in the generated plots. One Saturation Pressure Plot is created for each equilibrium region.
To be able to create these plots, output of saturation pressures need to be specified in the SOLUTION section of the Eclipse “.DATA” file.
To create these plots, right click on the view in the Property Editor, and select Create Saturation Pressure Plots. It is also possible to create these plots by right click on the item Saturation Pressure Plots in the Property Editor in the Plot Window.
A Summary Cross Plot is a window displaying a graph in the main area of the Plot Main Window. It is very similar to an ordinary Summary Plot, but the x-axis displays summary vector values instead of time. Regression analysis is supported on single cross plot curves and ensemble statistics curves.
New cross plot curves are created by using the right-click command New Summary Cross Plot Curve on a summary plot.
Cross plot curves can also be created from the right-click menu in the Summary Data Sources.
The combination of cross plot curves are defined in Plotting Preferences. Select the cross plot curve object to modify the properties for the curve. Make sure that the Axis Type is set to Summary Vector.
In this property editor, there is an additional group called Summary Vector X Axis. Like the other property editor groups, the vector selection groups works the same way as in the ordinary summary plot.
See the detailed description.
When computing statistics curves for the ensemble, the x-axis is divided into bins. For each bin, all values are collected. A minimum realization count is used descide if there are enough realizations to compute statistics. The number of bins and realization count threshold can be set in the Property Editor for the ensemble.
When creating cross plots based on ensembles, the appearance of curves can be adjusted in the property editor. Note that the appearance of statistics curves also can be customized in the Statistics group. Regression analysis is supported on ensemble statistics curves.
A cross plot is established based on two input summary vectors. Each entry in the cross plot consists of one vector item value from each of the two input vectors having equal time steps. However, in most cases the two input vectors do not share the same time steps. To be able to create a cross plot in such cases, linear interpolation between adjacent input vector items is being used.
When a current time step T in input vector A is not found in input vector B, ResInsight interpolates between the time steps before and after T in vector B. In this way, ResInsight calculates an interpolated value for time step T from vector B. The same happens when a time step in vector B is not found in vector A.
If either the value at the current time step or one of the values involved in interpolation are NULL, the resulting vector will have a NULL value at the current time step. This is displayed as a ‘hole’ in the cross plot curve.
The Curve Calculator is a tool to perform vector calculations on a set of curves. The created curves can be stored for later use.
Right-clicking a specific Summary Case in Data Sources displays the functionality pertinent to a single summary case.
The highlighted menu item, right-clicking a summary case in Data Sources and select Replace will redisplay all configured plots with data from another case.
Please also note the menu options to create summary plot from Template which is a powerful and effective way to create summary plots with a specific appearance and content. When invoking a well-specific template on Summary Case level as shown above, the convention is that ResInsight selects the first well listed under as data source.
The plot editor is a separate ResInsight dialog window where the user can select which vectors to display in a summary plot. It is also possible to edit an existing plot in this editor.
The upper part of the editor contains editors for selecting which vectors/summaries to display in the plot. The number of fields vary from 3 to 6 depending on the Summary Type currently highlighted.
Here highlighted means marked item with different background color, while selected means item(s) having a ticked check box.
This section describes the different selection fields in the selection part of the plot editor. A complete/valid vector selection consists of a selected source, a selected summary category, a selected item in each dynamic field (if any) and a selected vector among the Summaries.
This field contains all imported cases and ensembles. Select the case(s) and/or ensemble(s) to display in the plot.
In the mid-section of the dialog, the Summary Type and the corresponding Items can be selected.
This field contains the summaries/vectors for the highlighted summary category.
When a complete/valid vector exists, one or more curves will appear in the preview plot. Each curve will also have a corresponding item in the curves field in the lower left corner. Visibility for the curves may be controlled by the checkboxes. Each curve is automatically assigned a name and appearance. However the user may modify these settings in the Curve Name Configuration and Curve Appearance Assignment fields.
The checkboxes in this field control which information elements to include in the curve name. Toggling some of the checkboxes will have no effect on some curves depending on which information elements are relevant for each curve.
Curves created are assigned individual visual properties like colors and symbols in a systematic manner to make the plots easy to read. Different aspects of the vectors are assigned to different curve appearances. E.g. using symbols to distinguish cases, while using colors to distinguish quantity.
These assignments can be controlled using the options in the Curve Appearance Assignment group.
When set to Auto, ResInsight assigns visual properties based on the present vector categories and the number of different values in each category.
When disabling the Auto option, you can select which of the visual curve properties to use for which summary category. The summary category that currently can be used is Case, Vector, Well, Group and Region. The visual properties supported types are Color, Symbols, Line Style, Gradient and Line Thickness.
The Apply button must be clicked to apply the new settings to all curves.
The curve appearance settings apply to single summary curves only and do not affect ensemble curve sets. Curve sets receive their appearance automatically from a set of color ranges.
Assignment of curve appearance are incremental, and can end up as sub optimal if adding curves in several steps. Press the Apply button to apply consistent appearance settings according to the current curve selection.
The curves field displays all summary curves and ensemble curve sets matching the settings in the selection fields. Those are separated in two groups, Summary Curves and Ensemble Curve Sets. The check box at each item controls which items are displayed in the preview plot.
If the user make a selection that will result in a huge number of ensemble curves, ResInsight will display a drawing performance warning, and the newly created curve set(s) are toggled off by default.
In the bottom of the dialog window Target Plot may be specified. The target plot is the summary plot that will receive the selected curves when the OK or Apply button is clicked.
By default the target plot is set to (new plot) or to the plot selected for editing when invoking the command.
Setting the target plot to a different plot will add the selected curves to that plot when pressing the the OK or Apply button.
The Summary Plot Manager is a separate ResInsight dialog window where the user can select which vectors to plot in a summary plot. This dialog is intented to be used from the keyboard with easy access to operations for management of summary plots. This dialog can be opened by using CTRL-K from anywhere in the Plot Window.
The user writes a text string defining the summary vectors and optionally data sources for curves to be plotted. Example: wopt:A? iter*. This text string will filter all WOPT vectors for wells with two characters where the first character is A. Additionally, this will filter select ensemble datasources starting with the string iter
ResInsight will automatically compupte the difference between a simulated and observed vector if both are available (WOPT/WOPTH). This will be displayed as WOPT_DIFF. These difference vectors can be included in the filter if the Include Difference Vectors is checked.
The resulting vectors and data sources are displayed in the corresponding lists below the filter text.
When the intended vectors and data sources is defined, the currently selected summary plot can be updated using buttons Append Curve or Replace Curves. Press button Create New Plot to create a new plot.
By selecting a specific summary curve in the Plots window, its properties are displayed by the Property Editor.
The Property Editor organizes the available options into the following groups:
The Curve Type can automatically be derived based on the name of the summary vector name, either Accumulated(ends with “T”) or Rate. The curve type can be manually specified if Custom curve type is selected. This option can be especially useful for imported curves.
Other actions are available via right-click menu for selected curve. For instance, the Y-Axis for one or more curves can be switched for using the right-click command Switch Plot Axis.
Time axis properties are displayed by clicking the Time Axis subitem of a summary plot in Plots window.
The time labels are automatically defined based on the available date range. The tick marks can be controlled in details by setting Tickmark Type to Custom. Then a tickmark interval and tickmark interval step can be defined.
In the screenshot above, the interval is set to three years, and the plot displays labesl with three years between each.
Y-axis properties are displayed by clicking one of the left/right axis subitems of a summary plot in Plots window.
The property groups are:
Right-clicking an existing summary plot in Plots and selecting Edit Summary Plot initiates the Summary Plot Editor which offers complete functionality to navigate and select vectors from all summary types.
As seen above, the Templates window enables management and overview of summary plot templates by directory and offers the following functionality:
See also menu option Edit→Preferences for managing template folders and template searches.
When clicking a next or previous button, all curves are changed to display data for the selected source stepping dimension. For instance, when clicking with Well as source stepping dimension, all curves in the current plot are changed to display data for previous/next well.
The table can be formatted by use of the Property Editor, shown below. Columns are controlled by the selection of resampling, and rows are controlled by selected Threshold value and Exclude Rows.
Having imported Eclipse Summary Data, Data Sources provides an easy approach to create Summary Tables:
When a Summary Table is created and configured, the table can be duplicated by Right-click on the respective table in the Project Tree and selecting Duplicate Summary Table. This creates a new Summary Table with the same configuration, and a new table can be created with minor adjustments in the Property Editor.
A default Summary Table can be created by Right-click on the Summary Table collection and select New Summary Table. This creates a new default Summary Table, which can be configured by selections in the Property Editor
The settings of each table is listed in the Property Editor for a Summary Table. By selecting a Summary Table, its properties are displayed.
The main controls for a Summary Table is listed below:
Injection VFP Plots show the outflow or downstream pressure based on the inlet or upstream pressure and the phases being injected into the system. For a well, this means the table relates the flowing bottom-hole pressure (BHP) to the well’s tubing head pressure (THP) based on the oil, gas or water injection rates. The data can be read from files containing the VFPINJ Eclipse keyword.
VFP Plot data can be imported by right-clicking the VFP Data item in Data Sources to select VFP data from either text files (.ecl or .vfp) or from simulator files (.data). Multi-selection of files is possible.
Alternatively, VFP Plot data can be imported by right-clicking the VFP Plots item in Plot Project Tree.
Having imported VFP data, Data Sources lists all available VFP table numbers (c.f. VFPTAB keyword in Eclipse). A VFP plot can be created by right-clicking select VFP table entries.
Plot data can be exported by right-clicking a VFP plot and selecting Show Plot Data.
The VFP Plots item in Plot Project Tree lists existing VFP plots.
Available controls for each VFP plot are:
X-Axis and Y-Axis: controls title, layout, fonts, and values of X- and Y-axes, respectively.
Curve Colors: When curves are plotted, the curve color is taken from the depicted list of colors. The curve colors can be changed by the user.
Most plot mouse interactions are available to VFP plots, c.f. Summary Plots. Notably, interactive value tracking and zoom is available and double-clicking a VFP plot resets zoom.
The Production VFP Plot Property Editor allows the following essential settings:
Configuration
– Curve Matching Type: Defines curve matching, e.g. in case Table A: THP 200, 250, 300, 400 and Table B: THP 210, 300, 450.
– Curve Value Options: Defines if the options in the currently selected Family variable is defined by the Main VFP table, or a union of family values from all selected tables.
– Interpolated Variable: Y-axis variable.
– Primary Variable: X-axis variable.
– Family Variable: Variable for grouping of properties. Available values for Family Variable may differ if multiple tables are selected.
Table Details
– Table Number: The table number, c.f. VFPTAB keyword of Eclipse.
– Reference Depth: The reference depth used to generate the table, i.e. VFPREF keyword of Eclipse.
– Flowing Phase: The flowing phase in the system, i.e. FLO keyword of Eclipse.
– Flowing Water Fraction: Corresponds to the WFR keyword of Eclipse.
– Flowing Gas Fraction: Corresponds to the GFR keyword of Eclipse.
Comparison Tables: Enables plots for comparison with other VFP production table numbers.
Selection Details: Check-boxes for selection of numeric values per variable.
Referring to the detailing above, the injection VFP Plot Property Editor allows the following groups of settings:
Comparison Tables
The Shear Failure Gradient is then given as
$$SFG = \frac{P_w}{TVD_{RKB} \: g \: \rho}$$
The ResInsight Python API offers functionality for creating Well Bore Stability Plots from Python. For an example of use, see ResInsight Python API, and the Create WBS Plot script listed under Python Examples.
To change data source for curves, select the curves for which you wish to change source and select Change Data Source from the right-click menu. The following dialog will appear:
In both cases, the following parameters are available to change:
Common for the different ways of changing data source is that if a parameter is not shared among all the curves, the drop down list will show “Mixed Cases, “Mixed Trajectory Types”, “Mixed Well Paths” or “Mixed Time Steps” to indicate that the curves have different values for that parameter. It is still possible to select a common parameter for them which will then be applied across the curves.
Well Log RFT Curves shows the values in a RFT file. See RFT Plot for details about RFT. A curve in a RFT plot will look identical to a RFT curve in a well log plot, if the depth type of the well log plot is TVD, and the interpolation type of the curve is Point to Point.
LAS-curves shows the values in a particular channel in a LAS-file.
The property panel of a LAS-curve is shown below:
You can also create a LAS-curve by a simple drag-drop operation in the Project Tree: Drag one of the LAS channels and drop it onto a Track. A new curve will be created with the correct setting.
See Importing Well Log Files for details on LAS file import.
A set of curves can be exported to LAS files by right-clicking the curves, well log track, or well log plots in Plot Project Tree and select Export To LAS Files …. An export dialog is displayed, allowing the user to configure how to export curve data.
Create temporary LGRs for completions on the selected well paths. The splitType parameter controls which main grid cells to split into LGRs. The LGR_PER_CELL option splits only those main grid cells that intersect with a completion. The LGR_PER_COMPLETION option splits all main grid cells that are located within an IJK bounding box covering all intersected cells for each completion. The LGR_PER_WELL works like the previous option, but the bounding box covers intersected cells for all completions on a well path.
LGR_PER_CELL
LGR_PER_COMPLETION
LGR_PER_WELL
createLgrForCompletions(caseId=0, timeStep=0, wellPathNames=["B-1H", "B-2H"], refinementI=2, refinementJ=3, refinementK=4, splitType=LGR_PER_WELL)
Create saturation pressure plots for the specified cases.
createSaturationPressurePlots(caseIds=[0])