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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="keyword"
content="HTML,html for beignners,basics of html,what is html,basics of html,html tags,html for beignners 2025">
<meta name="description"
content="HTML is a language which is used to decide layout of a page, Html is a very versatile language and is a fundamental language that you need to learn in order to become a successfull web developer">
<meta name="author" content="Piyush Dubey">
<title>HTML for beignners/Basics of html</title>
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="favicon_io(1)/favicon-32x32.png">
</head>
<body style="border:2px solid rgb(9, 53, 6); padding: 40px; margin :10px;">
<header>
<h1 align="center"><u>BASICS OF HTML!</u></h1>
<nav>
<a href="index.html">HOME</a>
<a href="basics.html">BASICS</a>
<a href="LTF.html">LTF</a>
<a href="Layou.html">LAYOUT</a>
<a href="downloadpdf.html">DOWNLOAD PDF</a>
</nav>
</header>
<hr>
<br>
<main>
<!-- section 1 tags -->
<section>
<h2><u>HTML TAGS</u></h2>
<!-- article 1 -->
<article>
<p>
There are almost 142 tags in HTML5, the latest version. These tags serve various purposes, including
structuring content, embedding media, and enhancing interactivity on web pages.Now we don't need to
learn all of them we only need few important ones to get started with HTMl and start making our own
HTML website like this one now remember that HTML website are not going to be pretty by any means we
can make them look some what pretty but not on industry level that is required now if you think you
can land a job by HTML alone than goodluck with that because it's not happening, why you ask because
<ol>
<li>HTML is an easy language even a kid can learn it and master it</li>
<li>AI</li>
<li>AI</li>
<li>you guessed it AI</li>
</ol>
All the code that I have written to make this website can easily be written in <a
href="https://chatgpt.com/" target="_blank">chatgpt</a> or any other AI like chatgpt iam sure you
know or use some of them yourself so if you want to become a successfull webdeveloper you <b>need</b> to
know about <abbr title="Casscading Style Sheet">CSS</abbr> and <abbr title="Java Script">JS</abbr> then
you need to learn frameworks like React,Next.js,etc to name a few so now lets see some <b>important</b>
tags
</p>
</article>
<br>
<!-- table 1 -->
<h3><u>HTML Tags and their uses</u></h3>
<ol>
<li>
<caption><u>Structural Tags:</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr align="center">
<td><!Doctype></td>
<td>used to decide document type and html version</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td><html></td>
<td>Stores body and head</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td><head></td>
<td>contains metadata title of the page and link to style sheets and js script this
things are generally not shown to the users</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td><body></td>
<td>contain all the content which is shown to the users</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td><title></td>
<td>contains title of the page which is shown in the browser tab</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td><meta></td>
<td>contains information about the page itself i.e keywords, page description,etc</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 2 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Text Content Tags:</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><h1>-<h6></td>
<td>Define headings, <h1> being the largest and <h6> the smallest.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p></td>
<td>Defines a paragraph.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>Inserts a line break.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><hr></td>
<td>inseart a line which is visible.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote></td>
<td>Indicates a long quotation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><pre></td>
<td>Displays preformatted text (preserves spacing).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b></td>
<td>makes a text <b>bold</b>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong></td>
<td>same as <b> but its semantic.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><i></td>
<td>makes a text <i>italics</i>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em></td>
<td>same as <i> but its semantic.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><mark></td>
<td>it <mark>marks</mark> a text.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><small></td>
<td>it makes a text <small>small</small>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><sub></td>
<td>it helps in creating <sub>subscript</sub>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ins></td>
<td>Indicates inserted text <ins>underline</ins>.(it is semantic).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><sup></td>
<td>it creates <sup>superscript</sup>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><u></td>
<td>it is used to <u>underline</u> the text.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><del></td>'
<td>is is used to <del>cross</del> an text.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 3 -->
<li>
<caption><u>List Tags:</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width=1000>
<thead align="center">
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><ul></td>
<td>unordered list</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ol></td>
<td>ordered list</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><li></td>
<td>list item</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><dl></td>
<td>description list</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><dt></td>
<td>description term</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><dd></td>
<td>description defination</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 4 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Media Tags:</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><img></td>
<td>helps to put image page</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><audio></td>
<td>helps to put audio on page</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><video></td>
<td>helps to put video on page</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><source></td>
<td>helps to put find source for <video> and <audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><track></td>
<td>Specifies text tracks for <video> and <audio> (e.g., subtitles).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><embed></td>
<td>Embeds external content like plugins.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><iframe></td>
<td>Embeds another HTML document within the current document.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 5 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Table Tags:</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><table></td>
<td>Creates a table.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><thead></td>
<td>cointainer for table heading</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><tbody></td>
<td>cointainer for table data</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><tr></td>
<td>table row</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><th></td>
<td>table heading</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><td></td>
<td>table data</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><caption></td>
<td>table caption eg:look at the heading on tables of this page </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><tfoot></td>
<td>Groups the footer content in a table.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><col></td>
<td>to put multiple column in a single row </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><colgroup></td>
<td>Groups columns for styling.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 6 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Form Tags</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><form></td>
<td>Creates a form for user input.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input></td>
<td>Defines an input field.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><textarea></td>
<td>Defines a multi-line text input.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><button></td>
<td>Defines a clickable button.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><select></td>
<td>Creates a dropdown list.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><option></td>
<td>Defines an option in a dropdown list.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><lable></td>
<td>Labels an input element.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><fieldset></td>
<td>Groups related elements in a form.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><legend></td>
<td>Defines a title for a <fieldset>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><datalist></td>
<td>Provides autocomplete options for an <input>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><output></td>
<td>Displays the result of a calculation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 7 -->
<li>
<caption><u> Semantic and Sectioning Tags</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><header></td>
<td>Defines the header section of a document or section.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><footer></td>
<td>Defines the footer section of a document or section.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><section></td>
<td>Defines a thematic grouping of content.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><article></td>
<td>Defines independent content (e.g., blog post).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><aside></td>
<td>Defines content aside from the main content (e.g., sidebar).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><nav></td>
<td>Defines navigation links.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><main></td>
<td>Represents the main content of a document.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 8 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Scripting and Linking Tags</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><script></td>
<td>Embeds or references JavaScript code.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><noscript></td>
<td>Defines content displayed when JavaScript is disabled.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><link></td>
<td>Links external resources like stylesheets.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><style></td>
<td>Embeds CSS styles in the document.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 9 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Interactive Tags</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">TAGS</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td><details></td>
<td>Creates a collapsible section.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><summary></td>
<td>Defines a summary for the <details> element.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><dialog></td>
<td>Defines a dialog box or popup.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><menu></td>
<td>Represents a list of commands.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
</ol>
<i>-there are many more tags but these are some important and frequently used one.</i>
<hr>
</section>
<!-- section 2 attributes -->
<section>
<h2><u>HTML Attributes</u></h2>
<!-- artile 2 -->
<article>
<p>
Attributes are used with tags they increases fuctionality of the tags and and also decides their
behaviour.Attributes in HTML provide additional information about elements, defining their behavior,
appearance, or functionality. They are written within the opening tag of an element as name-value
pairs (e.g., name="value"). Common attributes include id (unique identifier), class (CSS styling or
JavaScript), and style (inline CSS). Some attributes are specific to certain elements, such as src
for images and href for links. Global attributes like title and lang can be applied to any element.
Attributes enhance interactivity, accessibility, and usability, allowing developers to customize
elements and create dynamic, responsive web pages tailored to user needs.
</p>
</article>
<h3><u>HTML Attributes and their uses</u></h3>
<ol>
<!-- table 1 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Global Attributes</u></caption>
<ul>
<li><i>can be used with most tags</i></li>
</ul>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>Provides a unique identifier for an element, often used for styling or scripting.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>class</td>
<td>Provides a unique identifier for an element, often used for styling or scripting.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>style</td>
<td>Inline CSS styling for an element.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>title</td>
<td>Provides additional information about an element, displayed as a tooltip.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lang</td>
<td>Specifies the language of the element's content (e.g., lang="en" for English).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dir</td>
<td>Defines text direction (ltr, rtl, or auto).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden</td>
<td>Hides the element from view, but it remains in the DOM.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>data-*</td>
<td>Custom data attributes for storing extra data for JavaScript.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tabindex</td>
<td>Specifies the tab order of an element.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>contenteditable</td>
<td>Makes the element editable by the user.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>draggable</td>
<td>Indicates whether the element can be dragged.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 2 -->
<li>
<caption><u> Attributes for Links (<a> Tag)</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>href</td>
<td>Specifies the URL of the link.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>target</td>
<td>Specifies where to open the linked document (_self, _blank, _parent, _top).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rel</td>
<td>Defines the relationship between the current document and the linked document (e.g.,
nofollow, noopener).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>download</td>
<td>Prompts the user to download the linked file instead of navigating to it.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 3 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Attributes for Images (<img> Tag)</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>src</td>
<td>Specifies the path to the image file.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>alt</td>
<td>Provides alternative text for the image if it cannot be displayed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>width</td>
<td>Sets the width of the image (in pixels or percentage).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>height</td>
<td>Sets the height of the image (in pixels or percentage).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>loading</td>
<td>Specifies lazy loading of the image (lazy, eager).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 4 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Attributes for Forms</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>action</td>
<td>Specifies the URL to send the form data to.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>method</td>
<td>Defines the HTTP method to use (GET or POST).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>enctype</td>
<td>Specifies how form data should be encoded (application/x-www-form-urlencoded,
multipart/form-data, etc.).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>autocomplete</td>
<td>Enables or disables autocomplete for form fields (on or off).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>novalidate</td>
<td>Disables form validation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 5 -->
<li>
<caption><u> Attributes for Inputs (<input> Tag)</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>type</td>
<td>Specifies the type of input (text, password, email, checkbox, etc.).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>name</td>
<td>Defines the name of the input (used in form submission).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>value</td>
<td>Specifies the default value of the input.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>placeholder</td>
<td>Provides a hint or placeholder text inside the input.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>required</td>
<td>Marks the input as mandatory.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>readonly</td>
<td>Makes the input non-editable but still submit its value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>disabled</td>
<td>Disables the input (grayed out and non-interactive).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>maxlength</td>
<td>Sets the maximum number of characters allowed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>min/max</td>
<td>Sets the minimum or maximum value for numeric inputs.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pattern</td>
<td>Specifies a regex pattern for input validation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>step</td>
<td>Specifies the increment for numeric inputs.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 6 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Attributes for Tables</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>colspan</td>
<td>Specifies the number of columns a cell should span.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rowspan</td>
<td>Specifies the number of rows a cell should span.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>headers</td>
<td>Associates a cell with header cells for accessibility.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 7 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Media Attributes</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>controls</td>
<td>Displays media controls (e.g., play, pause).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>autoplay</td>
<td>Automatically starts playing the media.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>loop</td>
<td>Makes the media loop continuously.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>muted</td>
<td>Starts the media with the sound muted.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>preload</td>
<td>Specifies how the browser should load the media (none, metadata, auto).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 8 -->
<li>
<caption><u>Scripting Attributes</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>src</td>
<td>Specifies the source file for a script.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>defer</td>
<td>Defers execution of the script until after the document has been parsed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>async</td>
<td>Allows the script to run asynchronously.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>type</td>
<td>Specifies the type of script (e.g., text/javascript).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
<!-- table 9 -->
<li>
<caption><u>ARIA (Accessibility) Attributes</u></caption>
<table border="1px" width="1000">
<thead align="center">
<tr>
<th width="500">ATTRIBUTES</th>
<th width="500">USES</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody align="center">
<tr>
<td>aria-lable</td>
<td>Provides a label for an element for screen readers.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>aria-hidden</td>
<td>Hides the element from assistive technologies.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>role</td>
<td>Defines the role of an element (e.g., button, alert).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<br>
</ol>
<i>-there are many more attributes but these are some important and frequently used one.</i>
<hr>
</section>
<!-- section 3 -->
<section>
<!-- atical 3 -->
<article>
<h4><u>SOME OTHER STUFF</u></h4>
<p>
There are some important terms we need to keep in mind while working with HTML like:
</p>
</article>
<dl>
<dt>
<u>TAGS</u>
</dt>
<dd>
There are many types of tags and each of them perform some specific function
aside from perfoming some functions they also act as container for content such as
text,images,videos,etc so when we use CSS we can call a specific cointainer and style them as we
want this adds a lot of versality to the language and provide developer with a lot of room for
creativity CSS is an amazing language which can change a boring looking HTML page to a cool website
</dd>
<br>
<dt>
<u>ELEMENTS</u>
</dt>
<dd>
<tag>content</tag>
this is called an element in HTML
</dd>
<br>
<dt><u>BLOCK ELEMENT</u></dt>
<dd>
A block element in HTML is an element that takes up the full width of its parent container by
default, starting on a new line and pushing the following content to the next line. Block elements
are typically used to structure the layout of a web page and define sections of content.
<br>
<br>
<u>Characteristics of Block Elements</u>
<ol>
<li>Starts on a New Line: Each block element begins on a new line, separating itself from
adjacent elements.</li>
<li>Takes Full Width: By default, it spans the entire width of its container, regardless of the
content inside.</li>
<li>Can Contain Other Elements: Block elements can contain both inline and other block elements.
</li>
</ol><br>
<u>Some examples</u>
<ul>
<li><div>Generic container for content.</li>
<li><p>Paragraph of text.</li>
<li><h1>-<h6>Headings of different levels.</li>
<li><section>Defines a thematic grouping of content.</li>
<li><article>Represents an independent piece of content.</li>
<li><header>Defines a header section.</li>
<li><fotter>Defines a footer section.</li>
<li><nav>Represents navigation links.</li>
<li><ul><ol> Lists.</li>
<li><table>Defines a table.</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<br>
<dt><u>INLINE ELEMENT</u></dt>
<dd>
An inline element in HTML is an element that does not start on a new line and only takes up as much
width as necessary for its content. Inline elements are typically used to style or format a part of
the text or content within a block element.
<br><br>
<u>Characteristics of Inline Elements</u>
<ol>
<li>Does Not Start on a New Line: Inline elements appear within the flow of text or content
without breaking it.</li>
<li>Takes Only Necessary Width: The width is determined by the content inside the element, not
the full width of the container.</li>
<li>Cannot Contain Block Elements: Inline elements can only contain other inline elements or
text.</li>
</ol>
<br>
<u>Some examples</u>
<ul>
<li><span>A generic container for styling or scripting.</li>
<li><b>Makes text bold (non-semantic).</li>
<li><stong>Adds strong emphasis (semantic, typically bold).</li>
<li><i>Italicizes text (non-semantic).</li>
<li><em>Adds emphasis (semantic, typically italic)</li>
<li><u> underlines the text</li>
<li><a>Creates hyperlinks.</li>
<li><img>Embeds images.</li>
<li><br>Inserts a line break.</li>
<li><input>Defines input fields.</li>
<li><lable>Labels form elements.</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</section>
</main>
<br><br>
<hr>
<footer>
<p><i>This website was made fully in HTML with few inline CSS</i></p>
<p><i>made by:</i></p>
<p align="center"><<<<©Piyush Dubey 2025>>>></p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>