Many of my friends and colleagues are using all these fancy graphical user interfaces in their daily work. What they don't realise is that this is slowing them down, and they could work at the speed of thought by using command line tools to get things done. What's more, they keep you focused, can be combined, and most powerfully, can be scripted. With tools for the command line interface - the CLI - from SAP, I get to operate in the most powerful and flexible environment - the shell.
For the TechEd House project, I have to set up an Event Mesh based messaging service in a separate, self-contained subaccount on the SAP Business Technology Platform. With the btp CLI combined with the Cloud Foundry CLI, this is super easy, and ready for automation too if I needed it. Let's get to it.
For those of you wondering - the trial account used in these examples was temporary and no longer exists. Everything you see here can be done in a trial, free tier or productive account.
This is the starting position. I'm on the command line, and I have the BTP CLI, btp, installed. I retrieved it from the cloud section of the SAP Development Tools website; to help me with that, I used a custom retrieval script getbtpcli which is described in the blog post series linked from our SAP Tech Bytes repo.
In all the examples of command invocation that follow, each command is identifiable by being on the line that starts with the
;prompt.
; btp
SAP BTP command line interface (client v2.8.0)
Usage: btp [OPTIONS] ACTION [GROUP/OBJECT] [PARAMS]
CLI server URL: https://cpcli.cf.eu10.hana.ondemand.com (server v2.8.0)
User: P2003480923 (qmacro+green@gmail.com)
Configuration: /home/user/.config/btp/config.json
Autocomplete script (bash): /home/user/.config/btp/autocomplete/scripts/sapbtpcli-autocomplete.plugin.sh
RCFile path (bash): /home/user/.bashrc
Current target:
Global account (subdomain: 7348430ctrial-ga)
Tips:
For information about the targeting mechanism, use 'btp --help target'.
To display general help, use 'btp --help'.
OK
I'm logged into my btp global account, so I take a quick look at the hierarchy I have right now:
; btp get accounts/global-account --show-hierarchy
Showing details for global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab...
├─ 7348430ctrial (59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab - global account)
│ ├─ trial (937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50 - subaccount)
type: id: display name: parent id:
global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab 7348430ctrial
subaccount 937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50 trial 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce
;
I'm using my truncated flavour of
btphere.
Before I go any further, I check to make sure I have an entitlement for the messaging service. Let's see what I have at the global account level:
; btp list accounts/entitlement
Showing entitlements for subaccount 937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50:
service name service plan quota
ppservice-inbound-trial trial 1
ppservice-odata-trial default 1
business-rules lite 1
transport standard 1
...
Show entire list, which is long.
Wow, that's a lot of good stuff. Let me narrow down the search:
; btp list accounts/entitlement | grep messaging
enterprise-messaging dev 1
enterprise-messaging-hub standard 1
There it is, enterprise-messaging with the dev plan, lovely.
I'm going to want to use that entitlement in another separate subaccount that I'm about to create, within a directory, so I'll just remove it from this trial subaccount so I have it ready to reassign in a minute. I'll do this by setting the quota amount to zero.
I'll need to specify the GUID of the trial subaccount, which I can get with a little script. Already you can see I'm able to level up my skills and efficiency by getting this CLI to work with me, not against me, making me more efficient. And the btp CLI, like other SAP command line tools, lends itself nicely to that purpose.
Here's the GUID for the trial subaccount:
; bgu trial
937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50
Right, let's specify that in the assignment to zero:
; btp assign accounts/entitlement --for-service enterprise-messaging --plan dev --to-subaccount $(bgu trial) --amount 0
Assigning global account entitlement to subaccount...
global account id: 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab
subaccount id: 937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50
service/app name: enterprise-messaging
service plan name: dev
quota: 0
enable: false
Command runs in the background.
Use 'btp list accounts/entitlement' to verify status.
OK
OK! Now I'm ready to create the new TechEd House project subaccount, in a directory, and use Event Mesh there.
Let's see, how can I do this, let me try with btp create and see if it can give me some assistance:
Types in
btp cr<tab>to start the autocomplete, which first completes tobtp create:
; btp create
Then hits
<tab>again to autocomplete to the group/objects that can be created:
; btp create
accounts/directory accounts/subaccount services/binding
accounts/environment-instance security/role services/instance
accounts/resource-provider security/role-collection
That's some pretty powerful autocompletion going on right there. And I can see accounts/directory, let's ask for help on that:
Uses
<tab>based autocompletion again (a<tab> d<tab) to complete toaccounts/directoryand adds--help, resulting in a whole load of information:
; btp create accounts/directory --help
Usage: btp [OPTIONS] create accounts/directory --global-account SUBDOMAIN [--features LIST] --display-name NAME [--description DESCRIPTION] [--parent-directory ID] [--directory-admins JSON] [--subdomain SUBDOMAIN] [--custom-properties JSON]
Directories allow you to organize and manage your subaccounts according to your
technical and business needs. The use of directories is optional.
You can create up to 5 levels of directories in your account hierarchy. If you
have directories, you can still create subaccounts directly under your global
account.
Directory features: Set the '--features' parameter to specify which features to
enable for the directory. Use either the feature name or its character.
...
Wow, that's great. Seems pretty straightforward, all I need is to specify a name and the features that allow me to manage things there:
; btp create accounts/directory --display-name techedhouse --features D,E,A
Creating directory in global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab...
directory id: 05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935
display name: techedhouse
description:
subdomain: 05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935
directory features: DEFAULT,ENTITLEMENTS,AUTHORIZATIONS
created by: qmacro+green@gmail.com
parent id: 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab
parent type: global account
state: Started
Command runs in the background.
Use 'btp get accounts/directory' to verify status.
OK
Great. I can see that new directory in the hierarchy too.
Uses command history search to recall and reinvoke the command:
; btp get accounts/global-account --show-hierarchy
Showing details for global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab...
├─ 7348430ctrial (59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab - global account)
│ ├─ trial (937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50 - subaccount)
│ ├─ techedhouse (21928858-2106-4faf-b220-575d5cd77e3f - directory)
type: id: display name: parent id:
global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab 7348430ctrial
subaccount 937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50 trial 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce
directory 21928858-2106-4faf-b220-575d5cd77e3f techedhouse 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce
In case you're interested, there's a short blog post on parsing the output of this command, comparing text-based output parsing with JSON-based output parsing with
jq: Embracing jq and JSON.
Now I can assign that service quota to this new directory, so it's ready for consumption from within the subaccount I'm going to create within it. The command is almost the same, so I'll recall the previous one and just modify it a bit:
Uses command history search to find the previous
btp assigncommand, and then edits it to assign a quota of 1 to the directory:
; btp assign accounts/entitlement --for-service enterprise-messaging --plan dev --to-directory $(bgu techedhouse) --amount 1 --auto-assign
Assigning global account entitlement to directory...
global account id: 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab
directory id: 05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935
service/app name: enterprise-messaging
plan name: dev
amount: 1
distribute: false
auto assign: true
auto distribute amount:
enable: false
Command runs in the background.
Use 'btp list accounts/entitlement' to verify status.
OK
Checking for the service entitlement, I can see it's assigned to our TechEd House directory, with quota available:
; btp list accounts/entitlement | grep techedhouse
OK
enterprise-messaging dev 1.0 techedhouse 05a5f420-5a83-432d
;
Great!
Now that I have somewhere to put this separate subaccount, I can create it. But I want to check where I can create it first - I'd like to see the regions that are available to me:
; btp list accounts/available-region
OK
Showing available regions for global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab:
region data center environment provider
eu10 cf-eu10 cloudfoundry AWS
ap21 cf-ap21 cloudfoundry AZURE
us10 cf-us10 cloudfoundry AWS
;
OK, a choice of providers; I'll go with region us10 for this project. So I'll specify that. I'll also give the subaccount a name, and I'll want access to beta features too, thank you very much! I also need to specify a subdomain, I'll generate a UUID for that (that's a cloud native smell, right?):
Starts typing the command but does NOT yet press Enter
; btp create accounts/subaccount --region us10 --display-name messaging --beta-enabled true --subdomain $(uuidgen)
Oh, and one more thing, I want this new subaccount to be created within the TechEd House directory, so let me specify that too:
; btp create accounts/subaccount --region us10 --display-name messaging --beta-enabled true --subdomain $(uuidgen) --directory $(bgu techedhouse)
Creating a subaccount in 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab...
subaccount id: cd197892-90db-4302-8e34-8b6a12d30020
display name: messaging
description:
subdomain: 26e3dac3-ed44-4daa-9ff1-dc49435b21f9
region: us10
created by: qmacro+green@gmail.com
beta-enabled: true
used for production: false
parent id: 05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935
parent type: directory
state: Started
Command runs in the background. Avoid using beta functionality in subaccounts in a production environment. SAP shall not be liable for any errors or damage arising from the use of such features.
Use 'btp get accounts/subaccount' to verify status.
OK
Let's check that out:
Recalls command via command history, rather than typing it in again
; btp get accounts/global-account --show-hierarchy
OK
Showing details for global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab...
├─ 7348430ctrial (59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab - global account)
│ ├─ trial (937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50 - subaccount)
│ ├─ techedhouse (05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935 - directory)
│ │ ├─ messaging (cd197892-90db-4302-8e34-8b6a12d30020 - subaccount)
type: id: display name: parent id: parent
global account 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab 7348430ctrial
subaccount 937f3cd4-5d33-461a-bece-89b943d19c50 trial 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab global
directory 05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935 techedhouse 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab global
subaccount cd197892-90db-4302-8e34-8b6a12d30020 messaging 05a5f420-5a83-432d-9572-da61f97c6935 directo
;
Nice, there it is! Let's assign that Event Mesh service entitlement right now; again, it's a very similar command to what we used before, except this time we're specifying a quota of 1, not 0, to the new subaccount called "messaging":
; btp assign accounts/entitlement --for-service enterprise-messaging --plan dev --to-subaccount $(bgu messaging) --amount 1
Assigning global account entitlement to subaccount...
global account id: 59b766f4-8c29-403e-a6ce-7b7d6a7ecaab
subaccount id: cd197892-90db-4302-8e34-8b6a12d30020
service/app name: enterprise-messaging
service plan name: dev
quota: 1
enable: false
Command runs in the background.
Use 'btp list accounts/entitlement' to verify status.
OK
All that remains now is for us to spin up an instance of that messaging service; but first, we need an actual Cloud Foundry environment here in this new subaccount. We don't have one yet, but we can summon one into existence from the comfort of our command line. Let's do that now.
First, I'll set the subaccount as target for subsequent commands:
; bgu --target messaging
cd197892-90db-4302-8e34-8b6a12d30020
I can see that the messaging subaccount is now targeted, by simply running btp:
; btp
SAP BTP command line interface (client v2.8.0)
Usage: btp [OPTIONS] ACTION [GROUP/OBJECT] [PARAMS]
CLI server URL: https://cpcli.cf.eu10.hana.ondemand.com (server v2.9.0)
User: P2002209774 (qmacro+collab@gmail.com)
Configuration: /home/user/.config/btp/config.json
Autocomplete script (bash): /home/user/.config/btp/autocomplete/scripts/sapbtpcli-autocomplete.plugin.sh
RCFile path (bash): /home/user/.bashrc
Current target:
Global account (subdomain: c35b11e4trial-ga)
└─ Directory (ID: e57c5b13-9480-4a68-9c04-a603d7a017a9)
└─ Subaccount (ID: 19a16929-0f0e-4da1-bf19-20b7739259c3)
...
Now, I can see that a Cloud Foundry environment is available to me, for this subaccount, with this command:
; btp list accounts/available-environment
OK
Showing available environments for subaccount e5de04cd-fd46-4fad-b83a-ba3fb2b54c1d:
environment type service service display name plan landscape description
cloudfoundry cloudfoundry Cloud Foundry Runtime standard cf-us10 Create an org in your Cloud Foundry enviro
OK, now then, let's see, what options are there for creating an environment instance?
uses autocompletion to have a look:
; btp create a<tab>/e<tab> <tab>
--display-name [The name of the environment instance.]
--environment [The type of environment to create. For example: cloudfoundry. To see valid values, use "btp list accounts/available-environment".]
--landscape [The name of the landscape within the logged-in region on which to create the environment instance. To see valid values, use "btp list accounts/available-environment". This parameter is required only if the region has multiple landscapes.]
--parameters [A valid JSON object containing environment-specific configuration parameters.]
--plan [The plan name of the environment that meets your needs. To see valid values, use "btp list accounts/available-environment".]
--service [The name of the environment you want to create an instance of. To see valid values, use "btp list accounts/available-environment".]
--subaccount [The ID of the subaccount in which to create the environment instance.]
-sa [The ID of the subaccount in which to create the environment instance.]
OK, let's do it:
Starts typing the command but does NOT yet press Enter
; btp create accounts/environment-instance --environment cloudfoundry --service cloudfoundry --plan standard
I do need to specify an instance name, as part of a parameter set, so I'll do that too, also here on the command line, then I can kick the creation process off:
; btp create accounts/environment-instance --environment cloudfoundry --service cloudfoundry --plan standard --parameters '{"instance_name":"techedhouse-cf"}'
Creating an environment instance for subaccount cd197892-90db-4302-8e34-8b6a12d30020...
environment id: 0F770985-B556-4E66-824C-8BB8FE8CC95D
environment name: 26e3dac3-ed44-4daa-9ff1-dc49435b21f9_cloudfoundry
environment: cloudfoundry
landscape: cf-us10
state: CREATING
state message: Creating environment instance.
Command runs in the background.
Use 'btp get accounts/environment-instance' to verify status.
OK
Excellent. I can use the get accounts/environment-instance command to see the status, or I can just ask for a list, like this:
; btp list accounts/environment-instance
OK
Showing environment details for subaccount e5de04cd-fd46-4fad-b83a-ba3fb2b54c1d:
environment name environment id environment type state state message landscape
c15beb84-46cf-4ae8-a06d-efcfe177be47_cloudfoundry 90A07441-3D1F-4491-B422-3A7DCB1FD52F cloudfoundry OK Environment instance created. cf-us10
And there it is!
There's plenty more power where that came from. And also we can dig in further with the complementary Cloud Foundry CLI, cf. But we'll leave that for another time. Watch this space for updates there, where we can:
- authenticate with the Cloud Foundry instance
- create a space in the organization there
- check the marketplace for the service we need
- create the service with the parameters we want