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commerce (1).html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
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<title>Commerce</title>
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<div class="logo animate__animated animate__bounceInLeft animate__delay-3s"><a href="index.html"><img class="star" src="images/logoo.jpeg"></a><a
href="index.html">RISE</a></div>
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<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
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<br>
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<div class="Commerce">
<h1>Commerce</h1>
<p>Commerce is defined as the exchange of goods and services among individuals and business entities. In academics, Commerce is considered to be one of the most popular streams of education along with Science and Arts. Commerce deals with the various aspects of business, trade, accounting, financial information/transactions and merchandising. Commerce plays a significant role in the development of nations and its citizens by facilitating trade between nations or within the nation</p>
<h2> Why Commerce After 10th?</h2>
<li> The diversity that Commerce as a stream provides is one of the main factors that attract many Class 10 students</li>
<li> For instance, we can consider B.Com (Bachelor of Commerce) after completing Class 12 board examinations. This 3-year undergraduate degree is like a fundamental foundation course. Post finishing it; one can pick from a wide range of Post Graduation professional courses and specialize in many other areas.</li>
<li> Commerce as a stream is a gateway that leads the students towards various professional courses after the completion Class 12. Chartered Accountancy (CA), Company Secretary (CS), Cost and Management Accountant (CMA), Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), Banking Sector, Teaching, etc., are a few popular and professionally satisfying career options for Commerce professionals</li>
<br>
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<h2>Eligibility criteria</h2>
<li>
Candidates can pursue a course in Commerce at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels:
<li> UG Level: Candidates should clear Class 12 in any stream with minimum 50% - 60% marks from a recognized board.</li>
<li>PG Level: Candidates should clear graduation preferably in the subject in which they wish to pursue masters with minimum 50% - 60% aggregate.</li>
<li><strong> Note: </strong>It may be noted that Commerces eligibility criteria mentioned above might vary depending on the policy of the
university or college in which a candidate is applying for admission.</li> </p>
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<h2> The Commerce stream boards that are available in India</h2>
<p>There are 4 main educational boards in India. The students have the liberty to choose the board that they are comfortable with. The choice can be made according to the degree of difficulty associated with the syllabus. The educational boards’ names are mentioned below –</p>
<dd><a href="https://www.cbse.gov.in/" target="blank">CBSE – Central Board of Secondary Education</a></dd>
<dd><a href="http://icseindia.org.in/" target="blank">ICSE – Indian Certificate of Secondary Education</a></dd>
<dd><a href="https://ibo.org/" target="blank">IB – International Baccalaureate</a></dd>
<dd><a href="#">State boards</a></dd>
<p>International Baccalaureate is the most complex board amidst the above mentioned educational boards. It concentrates on the notion of ‘how to learn’. A great deal of prominence is placed on ‘knowledge application’ and ‘practical aspects’ of studying</p>
<p>IB is followed by the ICSE board when it comes to the complexity level. Later comes the CBSE board, which is one of the popular boards in India. It comes under the purview of Union Government of India. Difficulty level related to this board is average.</p>
<p>Finally, coming the State Boards. Every state in India holds its own board of education. It is regulated under the respective State Governments of each state. The medium of instruction (language) in case of schools allied to state boards is the regional language of the respective state and English</p>
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<h2><b>List of Subjects for Commerce Students</b></h2>
<p>Commerce, as a course of education, can be interpreted as a study of business and trade pursuits such as the exchange of goods and services from the producer to the final customer. The important subjects that are taught under the Commerce stream in Class 12 comprise Accountancy, Economics, Business Studies, Statistics, Mathematics and Informatics Practices</p>
<dt><b>Accountancy</b></dt>
<li>Accountancy is the practice of recording, allocating and outlining on trade transactions for a business. It provides an assessment of management concerning the financial outcomes and ranking of an establishment. A few accountancy tasks include recording, classification and reporting of a transaction. When any information is prepared as a report for any individuals or companies to be used outside the organization, the process is known as ‘financial accounting’.</li>
<dt><b>Business Studies</b></dt>
<li>Business Studies is a vast subject in the social sciences that allows an in-depth study of a degree of specialities. This would include Finance, Accountancy, Marketing and organisation. It gives an individual a substantial foundation and understanding of how a business should be operated while enhancing communication, operation, strategy and commercial activity skills.</li>
<dt><b>Economics</b></dt>
<li>Economics can be explained in different ways. It’s the study of shortage, the study of how people make optimum utilization of resources. It helps people to understand how an individual, companies, and governments make decisions on declared resources to satisfy desires and requirements. It also helps determine how an individual or an organization should organize and coordinate with each other to determine the expected outcome.</li>
<dt><b>Informatics Practices</b></dt>
<li> Informatics Practices is a stream of software-related research. The subject primarily covers software, networking concepts and coding. This field corresponds to Computer science, while excluding the hardware concepts, and concentrating more on networking concepts than Computer Science</li>
<dt><b>Mathematics</b></dt>
<li>Mathematics is an important part of Commerce as all the methods of economics depend on numbers. With the basic knowledge of maths principles, an individual and an organisation will be able to understand where they position themselves financially in the present and in the future. Most of the organisations use Mathematics in inventory management, marketing, accounting, financial analysis and sales forecasting</li>
<dt><b>Statistics for Economics</b></dt>
<li>Many ideas in economic theory, such as functional relationship among variables, are asserted in terms of symbols, algebra, calculus, etc. To examine several economic and social phenomena events, economic theories are better understood and analysed, according to the appropriate numbers. The study of numbers, which is also known as Statistics, represents facts on the basis of a mass of figures. These statistics help in a comparison of facts.</lis>
</ul>
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<h2>Intermediate </h2>
<p>The Intermediate Education, also known as Higher Secondary Classes (HSC), is a two-year course
conducted by the Andhra Pradesh Board of Intermediate Education. Is one of State secondary education boards of India.
The board currently offers 85 streams and courses.
</p><p>BIEAP offers general and vocational groups.
<i>General groups</i> include Science, Humanities, and Commerce studies. In these groups, students learn theory and practice. That helps them to choose and pursue higher studies at the graduate level in both professional and general courses.
<i>Vocational groups</i> are meant to educate students and train skills related to their branch of study. It will help them to get immediate self-employment or continue higher education.
</p><p>Every student in BIE studies their subjects and receives practical training. They are also working towards environmental improvement, learning ethics and moral values to become a responsible, committed, and patriotic citizen of their country. The aim is to make them the "Nation's Potential Human Resource".
</p>
<li><a href="inter.html">Click here for more information Intermediate in commerce stream</a></li>
<div id="afterinter">
<h2>Entrance examinations after intermediate </h2>
<p ><strong>CA Entrance Exams</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>A candidate who wishes to appear for Chartered Accountant Entrance Exam, needs to have cleared the Senior Secondary Examination (10+2) or is waiting for the 10+2 exam results, can register for the CA programme.</li>
<li>The minimum eligibility criteria for joining the CA course is 10+ though you can join it even after graduation. And very importantly, there is no restriction in regard to the age of the candidates. All of you who are awaiting your 10+2 results can also apply for Chartered Accountant Exam.</li>
<li>There are no restrictions with regard to the age of the candidate or marks secured in Senior Secondary Examination for appearing in CA Entrance Exam Papers</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>CA Entrance Exams Pattern and Admission Process</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>CPT - Common Proficiency Test is the entrance exam that a candidate needs to undertake as an entrance level route to the Chartered Accountancy stream which every intending candidate is to clear before enrolling for the professional state.</li>
<li>CPT examination is being held twice in a year i.e., in June & December.</li>
<li>It is a test of four subjects i.e. Accounting, Mercantile Laws, General Economics and Quantitative Aptitude. This test is of 200 marks. It is divided into two sessions of two hours each . CPT is an objective type test with negative marking.</li>
<li>The qualifying mark is 50%. A student has to remember that CPT is an objective type test with a negative marking for selecting wrong option which will be indicated in the question paper.</li>
</ol></div>
<h2>UG Courses available after 12th Commerce:</h2>
<p>Based on the range of programs available and student enrollment, the two most popular types of undergraduate college degrees are associate's degrees and bachelor's degrees. An associate's degree is at the shortest duration of the two as it usually takes two years to complete, while a bachelor's degree requires four years of study. Credits obtained from an associate's degree can normally be applied to a bachelor's degree program.</p>
<dt><b> Associate's Degrees:</b> </dt>
<p>Associate's degrees are typically offered by community colleges and trade schools with awards for general subject areas at this level being conferred as an Associate of Arts (A.A.) or Science (A.S.). More vocational associate's degree programs are available for students looking for more specific professional training. These vocational options include the Associate of Applied Science (A.A.S.) or even more focused degrees such as the Associate's Degree in Nursing (ADN).</p>
<dt><b> Bachelor's Degrees:</b> </dt>
<p>Another common undergraduate degree is the bachelor's degree. Bachelor's degrees are offered at all universities and 4-year colleges in the U.S. The most commonly awarded bachelor's degrees are the Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and the Bachelor of Science (B.S.). Some colleges may also offer more specialized degrees such as the Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) or Bachelor's of Science in Nursing (B.S.N.). The award of B.A. is typically for programs in the humanities and social sciences, and the award of B.S. is usually for traditional science programs, although this can vary from one institution to another.
Data reported by the National Center for Education Statistics in 2019 suggests that the most popular bachelor's degree programs are in business, health, history and psychology.</p>
<li><a href="degree.html">click here for more information about UG courses in commerce stream</a></li>
<dl>
<div class="aa" id="afterdegree">
<h2>Entrance examinations after UG in commerce stream</h2>
<p ><strong>MBA</strong></p>
<details>
<summary><strong>Common Admission Test (CAT)</strong></summary>
<P> Common Admission Test (CAT) is conducted by the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) every year. It is an all India level entrance exam for admission to the Post-graduate and Fellow Programmes in the management courses offered by the IIMs as well as many management institutes all across the country. The CAT percentage differs from college to college.</P>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>Common Management Admission Test (CMAT)</strong></summary>
<P> Common Management Admission Test (CMAT) is conducted for admission to all management programmes approved by AICTE and it is an all-India level entrance exam held once in a year. CMAT is also conducted by AICTE in foreign countries for NRIs/PIOs and foreign nationals seeking admission in B- Schools in India.</P>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>Xavier Aptitude Test (XAT)</strong></summary>
<p> Xavier Aptitude Test (XAT) is conducted by Xavier Association of Management Institutes (XAMI) for admissions in management courses of different management colleges all across India.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>The Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT)</strong></summary>
<p> Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT) conducts an entrance exam for graduates held by the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade for their institutes in New Delhi and Kolkata. See IIFT Entrance Exam</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>Symbiosis National Aptitude (SNAP)</strong></summary>
<p> Symbiosis National Aptitude ( SNAP) Test is a common entrance test for admission to all the institutes of Symbiosis International (Deemed) University. >> See SNAP Test</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>NMA</strong></summary>
<p> NMAT entrance test is conducted by the Graduate Management Admission Council for admission to all the management courses of NMIMS Mumbai and the PGDM courses of NMIMS Bengaluru and Hyderabad. </p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>Management Aptitude Test (MAT)</strong></summary>
<p> Management Aptitude Test (MAT) is conducted by All India Management Aptitude Testing Service (AIMATS) on quarterly basis for admission to MBA programmes in various participating management colleges.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>Maharashtra Common Entrance Test (MH-CET)</strong></summary>
<p>: MH-CET is conducted for graduates seeking admissions in MBA/MMS and PGDBM/PGDM in Government University Departments, University managed and unaided institutes in the state of Maharashtra.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>IBSAT</strong></summary>
<p> IBSAT is an online entrance test for graduates seeking admission in the nine Indian Business Schools at Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kolkata, Dehradun, Gurgaon, Mumbai and Pune. The test is conducted in 100 Test Centres across India.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>ATMA</strong></summary>
<p> AIMS Test for Management Admissions (ATMA) is an MBA Entrance Exam in India. The exam is conducted by the Association of Indian Management School for PGDM/ MBA/ MCA/ PGCM courses. Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India approves this exam for various post graduate management courses.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>UPSE</strong></summary>
<p> Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow will conduct the Uttar Pradesh State Entrance Examination (UPSEE) for admission to 1st year of B.Tech/ B.Pharm/ B.Arch/ BHMCT/ BFAD/ MBA/ MCA/MAM and 2nd year of B.Tech /B.Pharm/MCA (Lateral Entry) Programs.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><strong>ICET</strong></summary>
<p> <b>ICET</b> Andhra Pradesh Integrated Common Entrance Test (AP ICET) is conducted by Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati on behalf of A.P. State Council of Higher Education for admission into the Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Computer Applications (MCA) & Lateral entry into Second year of Master of Computer Application (MCA) Programs in University Colleges and their affiliated colleges.</p>
</details>
</div>
<h2>COMMERCE COURSES AFTER UG </h2>
<dt><b>Post-Graduation:</b></dt>
<dd>• To secure admission in the PG level Commerce course, candidates should have completed their graduation degree in Commerce stream from a recognised college/university</dd>
<dd>• Students must have secured a minimum of 50% aggregate or equivalent in graduation (it may vary from college to college</dd>
<div class="bb">
</ul>
<li><a href="#">MCom (Master of Commerce)</a></li>
<li><a href="#">MA (Hons) in Economics</a></li>
<li><a href="#">MBA</a></li>
<li><a href="#">MBA in Banking and Finance</a></li>
<li><a href="#">MCom in Accounting and Finance</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
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