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Chapter 16: The Struggles for Democracy: Political Turmoil and Military Coups (1975-Present)

1. The Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1975) and Its Aftermath (12,500 words)

  • Events Leading to the Assassination
    • Overview of political conditions
    • Key figures involved
  • The Coup and Its Immediate Consequences
    • Overview of the coup events
    • Impact on governance
  • Political Chaos and Successive Coups
    • Overview of political instability
    • Key events and outcomes
  • Long-term Impact on Bangladesh’s Political Culture
    • Overview of changes in political culture
    • Consequences for democracy

2. The Military Regimes: Ziaur Rahman and H.M. Ershad (12,500 words)

  • Ziaur Rahman’s Rise to Power and Policies
    • Overview of Ziaur Rahman’s leadership
    • Key policies and their impacts
  • Formation and Ideology of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP)
    • Overview of BNP’s formation
    • Key ideological tenets
  • Ershad’s Military Takeover and Rule
    • Overview of Ershad’s rise to power
    • Key policies and governance style
  • Economic and Foreign Policies Under Military Rule
    • Overview of economic conditions
    • Key foreign policy initiatives

3. The People’s Movement and the Fall of Ershad (1990) (12,500 words)

  • Growth of Pro-Democracy Movements
    • Overview of key movements
    • Key figures and organizations involved
  • Role of Student Organizations and Civil Society
    • Overview of student activism
    • Impact on political discourse
  • The United Opposition and Mass Protests
    • Overview of opposition strategies
    • Key protests and their significance
  • Transition to Democratic Rule
    • Overview of the transition process
    • Key challenges faced

4. The Awami League vs. BNP Rivalry (12,500 words)

  • Ideological and Policy Differences
    • Overview of key differences
    • Impact on political dynamics
  • Electoral Battles and Controversies
    • Overview of key elections
    • Key controversies and disputes
  • Impact of Personal Rivalries on National Politics
    • Overview of key rivalries
    • Consequences for governance
  • Challenges to Democratic Consolidation
    • Overview of challenges faced
    • Key initiatives for consolidation