fen.go

package chess

import (
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

// Decodes FEN notation into a GameState.  An error is returned
// if there is a parsing error.  FEN notation format:
// rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1
func decodeFEN(fen string) (*Position, error) {
	fen = strings.TrimSpace(fen)
	parts := strings.Split(fen, " ")
	if len(parts) != 6 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid notiation %s must have 6 sections", fen)
	}
	b, err := fenBoard(parts[0])
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	turn, ok := fenTurnMap[parts[1]]
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid turn %s", parts[1])
	}
	rights, err := formCastleRights(parts[2])
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	sq, err := formEnPassant(parts[3])
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	halfMoveClock, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[4])
	if err != nil || halfMoveClock < 0 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid half move clock %s", parts[4])
	}
	moveCount, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[5])
	if err != nil || moveCount < 1 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid move count %s", parts[5])
	}
	return &Position{
		board:           b,
		turn:            turn,
		castleRights:    rights,
		enPassantSquare: sq,
		halfMoveClock:   halfMoveClock,
		moveCount:       moveCount,
	}, nil
}

// generates board from fen format: rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR
func fenBoard(boardStr string) (*Board, error) {
	rankStrs := strings.Split(boardStr, "/")
	if len(rankStrs) != 8 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid board %s", boardStr)
	}
	m := map[Square]Piece{}
	for i, rankStr := range rankStrs {
		rank := Rank(7 - i)
		fileMap, err := fenFormRank(rankStr)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		for file, piece := range fileMap {
			m[getSquare(file, rank)] = piece
		}
	}
	return NewBoard(m), nil
}

func fenFormRank(rankStr string) (map[File]Piece, error) {
	count := 0
	m := map[File]Piece{}
	err := fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid rank %s", rankStr)
	for _, r := range rankStr {
		c := fmt.Sprintf("%c", r)
		piece := fenPieceMap[c]
		if piece == NoPiece {
			skip, err := strconv.Atoi(c)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			count += skip
			continue
		}
		m[File(count)] = piece
		count++
	}
	if count != 8 {
		return nil, err
	}
	return m, nil
}

func formCastleRights(castleStr string) (CastleRights, error) {
	if len(castleStr) > 4 {
		return "-", fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid castle rights %s", castleStr)
	}
	// check for duplicates aka. KKkq right now is valid
	for _, s := range []string{"K", "Q", "k", "q", "-", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"} {
		if strings.Count(castleStr, s) > 1 {
			return "-", fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid castle rights %s", castleStr)
		}
	}
	upperCount := 0
	lowerCount := 0
	otherCount := 0
	for _, r := range castleStr {
		c := fmt.Sprintf("%c", r)
		switch c {
		case "K", "Q", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H":
			upperCount += 1
		case "k", "q", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h":
			lowerCount += 1
		case "-":
			otherCount += 1
		default:
			return "-", fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid castle rights %s", castleStr)
		}
	}
	if upperCount > 2 || lowerCount > 2 || otherCount > 1 || (otherCount == 1 && len(castleStr) != 1) {
		return "-", fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid castle rights %s", castleStr)
	}
	// TODO: Verify other illegal combinations, like QA or KH
	return CastleRights(castleStr), nil
}

func formEnPassant(enPassant string) (Square, error) {
	if enPassant == "-" {
		return NoSquare, nil
	}
	sq := strToSquareMap[enPassant]
	if sq == NoSquare || !(sq.Rank() == Rank3 || sq.Rank() == Rank6) {
		return NoSquare, fmt.Errorf("chess: fen invalid En Passant square %s", enPassant)
	}
	return sq, nil
}

var (
	fenSkipMap = map[int]string{
		1: "1",
		2: "2",
		3: "3",
		4: "4",
		5: "5",
		6: "6",
		7: "7",
		8: "8",
	}
	fenPieceMap = map[string]Piece{
		"K": WhiteKing,
		"Q": WhiteQueen,
		"R": WhiteRook,
		"B": WhiteBishop,
		"N": WhiteKnight,
		"P": WhitePawn,
		"k": BlackKing,
		"q": BlackQueen,
		"r": BlackRook,
		"b": BlackBishop,
		"n": BlackKnight,
		"p": BlackPawn,
	}

	fenTurnMap = map[string]Color{
		"w": White,
		"b": Black,
	}
)