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biclar

The goal of biclar is to store code and (in the releases) data for estimating cycling potential and influencing policy.

biclar is a tool for the design and assessment of different scenarios of the cycling network models in the Lisbon metropolitan area (LMA).

Input data

The key datasets are as follows:

  • Trips dataset with Origin and Destination, at Freguesia level, disaggregated by transport mode, from Instituto National de Estatística (2018)
  • CAOP 2020 - Official limits of Portuguese areas.
  • Road network from OpenStreetMap
  • Main public transport interfaces at Lisbon Metropolitan Area, provided by Transportes Metropolitanos de Lisboa

Cenarios for cycling uptake

Baseline

The baseline scenario makes use of the 2018 mobility survey data in LMA.
We considered all trips between Freguesias.

See vignette baseline scenario to see how this was modeled.

ENMAC targets

The National targets for cycling uptake were set to:

  • 4% of all trips should be made by bicycle by 2025
  • 10% of all trips should be made by bicycle by 2030

Cycling trips should replace car trips directly.

See vignette ENMAC scenario to see how this was modeled.

Intermodal trips

See vignette Intermodal scenario to see how this was modeled.

E-bikes investment policy

See vignette E-bike scenario to see how this was modeled.

Methods

PCT - Propensity to Cycle Tool

biclar uses the methods developed in PCT.bike (Lovelace et al. 2017) for cycling uptake estimation and data visualization.

Jittering

For the disagregation of OD pairs at Freguesias level, we use OD Jittering (Lovelace, Félix, and Carlino 2022) method, which better suits walking and cycling trips modelling (shorter distances), instead of relying on centroids that concentrate all the trips between areas.

The OD datasets, before and after jittering, are shown below.

Cycling routes

Use of CyclingStreets.net (R package) for fast and quiet bike routes for baseline scenario.

For e-bike scenario, we developed a proper algorithm, considering the topography, and using slopes package.

Intermodal trips

We made use and developed a methodology that considers replacing long trips by bike + train or ferry trips.

Estimation of socioeconomic benefits

Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT v5.0) for walking and cycling by WHO.

Results

Cycling uptake in LMA and by Municipality

ENMAC Scenario

See here for full map.

<iframe src="region_enmac4_quiet.html" width="800" height="400px" data-external="1"> </iframe>

See here for results for each Municipality.

E-bike Scenario

Intermodality Scenario

Comparision with the cycling network plans by Municipality

Compare the modeled cycling networks (segments overlapping) with expansion plans, by municipality.

We can view it in an interactive map here.

Funding

This project is funded by TML - Transportes Metropolitanos de Lisboa.

References

Instituto National de Estatística. 2018. “Mobilidade e Funcionalidade Do Território Nas Áreas Metropolitanas Do Porto e de Lisboa: 2017.” Lisboa. https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_publicacoes&PUBLICACOESpub_boui=349495406&PUBLICACOESmodo=2&xlang=pt.

Lovelace, Robin, Rosa Félix, and Dustin Carlino. 2022. “Jittering: A Computationally Efficient Method for Generating Realistic Route Networks from Origin-Destination Data.” Findings. https://doi.org/10.32866/001c.33873.

Lovelace, Robin, Anna Goodman, Rachel Aldred, Nikolai Berkoff, Ali Abbas, and James Woodcock. 2017. “The Propensity to Cycle Tool: An Open Source Online System for Sustainable Transport Planning.” Journal of Transport and Land Use 10 (1). https://doi.org/gfgzf7.