BlackJack 3.0.ipynb

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    "# BlackJack \n",
    "### version 3.0    \n",
    "\n",
    "##### Author: Ujval Madhu\n",
    "\n",
    "### Acknowledgment:\n",
    "The program was designed with the help of instructions from Jose Portilla,and his course Complete Python Bootcamp:\n",
    "https://www.udemy.com/course/complete-python-bootcamp/"
   ]
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    "BlackJack is a classic card game. It is designed here to be played against the computer as the dealer.\n",
    "The goal of the game is to not get to go above a sum of 21 in hand.\n",
    "The rules of the game are as follows:\n",
    "1. From a shuffled deck of cards 2 cards are handed to the player and the dealer.\n",
    "2. The player's cards are displayed but the dealers last card is kept hidden.\n",
    "3. Next the player can choose to 'Hit' meaning to get a card from the deck or 'Stand' meaning to skip getting a card from the deck. The player and dealer go through each round alternatively, but can only 'Stand' for three rounds in a row and will have to 'Hit' in the fourth round in this case.\n",
    "4. The first to not get a value above 21 in hand wins the game and the bet.\n",
    "5. You can choose to buy chips to place bets and track your chips in this game.\n",
    "\n",
    "### Card Values\n",
    "There are four suits in a deck- \"Hearts',\"Diamonds\",\"Spades\" and \"Clubs\" having 13 cards in each suit ,constituting of 52 total cards.\n",
    "There are 9 numbered cards and 4 face cards in each suit.\n",
    "The numbered cards (2 to 10) of each of the four suits have the same value per card as their respective number indicates.\n",
    "The face cards 'King', 'Queen' and 'Jack' have vales of 10 each. and 'Ace' cards can have a value of 11 or 1, which is automatically adjusted if total value goes above 21. "
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    "#### Motivation:\n",
    "The game is designed in python and is intended for learning purposes.The code uses Classes, Functions, loops, try-except, Conditional statements and some general python functions.\n",
    "\n",
    "#### Steps:\n",
    "The various steps involved are explained below with necessary code information.\n",
    "\n",
    "#### Step1: \n",
    "Here we import the random module so that we can use the random function to shuffle our cards. We also define global variables which can be accessed thoughout the code to define our deck of cards."
   ]
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    "import random                                      # Imports the random module\n",
    "\n",
    "suits = ['Hearts','Diamonds','Spades','Clubs']     # List Defining the four Suits\n",
    "\n",
    "ranks = ['Two','Three','Four','Five','Six','Seven','Eight','Nine','Ten','Jack','King','Queen','Ace'] # List defining the...  \n",
    "                                                                                                     # ...ranks of cards\n",
    "values ={'Two':2,'Three':3,'Four':4,'Five':5,'Six':6,'Seven':7,'Eight':8,'Nine':9,'Ten':10,'Jack':10,'King':10,'Queen':10,\n",
    "         'Ace':11}                                  # Dictionary matching each rank to its numerical value used for calculation"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### Step 2:\n",
    "The Card class is used to define a card. "
   ]
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   "source": [
    "class Card:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self,suit,rank):             # The suit and rank are the two properties of a card.\n",
    "        self.suit = suit\n",
    "        self.rank = rank\n",
    "        self.value = values[rank]             # The numerical value of the card is calculated from its rank.\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        return self.rank + ' of ' + self.suit"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### Step 3:\n",
    "The Deck class is used to define the deck of cards used in the game."
   ]
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   "source": [
    "class Deck:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self):\n",
    "        self.all_cards = []                                  # The all_cards list is used to hold all 52 the cards \n",
    "        for suit in suits:                                   # The for loops creates and adds all the card objects to aal_cards \n",
    "            for rank in ranks:\n",
    "                self.all_cards.append(Card(suit,rank))\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def shuffle(self):                                       # The shuffle method is used for shuffling the cards in the deck\n",
    "        random.shuffle(self.all_cards)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def deal_one(self):                                     # The deal_one function deals the top card from the deck when called\n",
    "        return self.all_cards.pop()"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### Step 4:\n",
    "The Player class defines the fuctions that does all operations regarding the chips and bets of the player."
   ]
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    "class Player:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self,name,chips):\n",
    "        self.name =name\n",
    "        self.chips = chips\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        return f\"Name: {self.name} \\nChips: {self.chips}\"   # Displayes the name and current chips of the player\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def buy_chips(self):                                    # Function that lets the player buy chips before the game\n",
    "        buy = \"\"\n",
    "        while True:\n",
    "            try:                                            # The try statement works when the input is either Y or N \n",
    "                buy = str(input(\"\\nDo you wish to buy chips? Y/N :\").upper())    # The input is always transformed to uppercase\n",
    "                if buy == \"Y\":\n",
    "                    while True:                             # Here the try staement works when the input is a positive integer\n",
    "                        try:\n",
    "                            p = int(input(\"Enter the value of chips to Buy:\"))\n",
    "                            self.chips += p\n",
    "                            print(self)\n",
    "                        except:\n",
    "                            print(\"Please enter an integer Value\")\n",
    "                        else:\n",
    "                            break\n",
    "                elif buy == \"N\":\n",
    "                        print(self)\n",
    "                else:\n",
    "                    print(\"Please enter a valid answer.\")\n",
    "                    continue\n",
    "            except:\n",
    "                 print(\"please enter a Valid Option\")\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                break\n",
    "                \n",
    "    \n",
    "    def place_bet(self):                                     #This function lets the player set a bet and checks its validity\n",
    "        bet = 0                                              # The bet can never be more than the chips the player has\n",
    "        while True:\n",
    "            try:\n",
    "                bet = int(input(\"Enter the value of bet $:\"))\n",
    "\n",
    "            except:\n",
    "                print(\"Please enter an Integer Value.\")\n",
    "                continue\n",
    "\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                if bet< self.chips or bet == self.chips:\n",
    "                    self.chips -= bet\n",
    "                    print(f'You have placed a bet of {bet}$ and You now have chips worth {self.chips}$ remaining.\\n')\n",
    "                    return bet\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "                else:\n",
    "                    print(\"You do not have sufficient chips for this bet.\")\n",
    "                    while True:\n",
    "                        buy = str(input(\"You need to buy more chips for this bet, proceed? Y/N\")).lower()\n",
    "                        if buy != \"y\" and buy !=\"n\":\n",
    "                            print(\"Please enter a valid respone.\")\n",
    "                            continue\n",
    "                        else:\n",
    "                            break\n",
    "                    if buy == \"y\":\n",
    "                        self.buy_chips()\n",
    "                        continue\n",
    "                    elif buy == \"n\" :\n",
    "                        print(\"Please set a lower bet.\")\n",
    "                        continue\n",
    "                break\n",
    "               \n",
    "    \n",
    "    def win_bet(self,bet):                                         # This function modifies chips when the player wins \n",
    "        self.bet = bet\n",
    "        self.chips += (2*self.bet) \n",
    "        print(f\"\\n\\n{self.name} has won the bet of {self.bet}!!\")\n",
    "        print(self)\n",
    "              \n",
    "    def gave_bet(self,bet):                                        # This function modifies the chips when the computer wins\n",
    "        self.bet = bet\n",
    "        print(f\"\\n\\n{self.name} has gave the bet of {self.bet}!!\")\n",
    "        print(self)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def draw_bet(self,bet):                                        # This function executes when the game is a draw\n",
    "        self.bet = bet\n",
    "        self.chips += self.bet\n",
    "        print(f\"\\n\\nThe Game was a draw!!\")\n",
    "        print(self)"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### Step 5:\n",
    "The GameInit Class defines some important functions that helps run the game."
   ]
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    "class GameInit:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self):                                     # These variables can be used by all functions in this class\n",
    "        self.p1_cards = []                                  # p1_cards reprsents the cards in the player's hand.\n",
    "        self.p2_cards = []                                  # p2_cards reprsents the cards in the dealer's hand.\n",
    "        self.round = 1                                      # round represents the round of game\n",
    "        self.value1 = 0                                     # value1 is the value of the player's hand.\n",
    "        self.value2 = 0                                     # value2 is the value of the dealer's hand.\n",
    "        self.len1 = 0                                       # len1 reprsents the number of cards in the player's hand\n",
    "        self.len2 = 0                                       # len2 reprsents the number of cards in the dealer's hand\n",
    "        self.ranks1 =[]                                     # ranks1 records the ranks of all the cards in the player's hand\n",
    "        self.ranks2 =[]                                     # ranks2 records the ranks of all the cards in the Dealer's hand\n",
    "        self.p1_ace =[]                                     # p1_ace, p2_ace records a 0 for every new card added and sets to..\n",
    "        self.p2_ace =[]                                     #... 1 for an ace card that was adjusted to a value of 1 from 11.\n",
    "        self.p_hold = 0                                     # p_hold and c_hold are used to count the number of stands in a row\n",
    "        self.c_hold = 0\n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    def player_init(self,deck):                             # This function initiates the game by dealing 2 cards... \n",
    "                                                            #... to the player and the dealer and prints the player's cards\n",
    "        for i in range(0,2):\n",
    "            self.p1_cards.append(deck.deal_one())\n",
    "            self.p2_cards.append(deck.deal_one())\n",
    "        print(f\"Both players have recieved 2 cards each.\\n Your cards are:\")\n",
    "        for i in range (0,2):\n",
    "            print(self.p1_cards[i])\n",
    "            \n",
    "            \n",
    "    def ace_adjust(self,ranks,value,aces_check):            # This function adjusts the value of an ace card in hand ...\n",
    "        self.ranks = ranks                                  #... to 1 if total hand value exceeds 21\n",
    "        self.value = int(value)                             # aces_check records 1 for the adjusted ace's position\n",
    "        self.aces_check = aces_check\n",
    "        \n",
    "        for i in range(0,len(self.ranks)):\n",
    "            if self.ranks[i] == \"Ace\":\n",
    "                if self.value > 21 and int(self.aces_check[i]) == 0:\n",
    "                    self.value-=10\n",
    "                    print(\"Value of ACE adjusted to 1.\")\n",
    "                    print(self.value)\n",
    "                    self.aces_check[i] = 1\n",
    "                    continue\n",
    "                continue\n",
    "        return self.value\n",
    "                \n",
    "            \n",
    "    \n",
    "    def set_table(self):                                   # This function sets up the first round(=1) of the game\n",
    "                                                           # ... after each recieves their cards using player_init\n",
    "        if self.round ==1:                                 \n",
    "            self.len1 = len(self.p1_cards)                 # The number of cards is recorded so as to print them\n",
    "            self.len2 = len(self.p2_cards)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "            print(\"\\n \\nPlayer Hand: \",end=\" \")                     # Player's Hand\n",
    "            for i in range(0,self.len1):\n",
    "                self.value1 += self.p1_cards[i].value               # The total value of all cards in hand is summed\n",
    "                self.ranks1.append(self.p1_cards[i].rank)\n",
    "                self.p1_ace.append(0)\n",
    "                print(self.p1_cards[i],end=\"  :  \")       \n",
    "                if i == self.len1-1:\n",
    "                    self.value1 = int(self.ace_adjust(self.ranks1,self.value1,self.p1_ace)) # Adjusting the Ace values in hand \n",
    "                    print(f\"player value = {self.value1}\\n\\n\")\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "            print(\"Computer Hand: \",end=\" \")                         # Dealer's Hand\n",
    "            for i in range(0,self.len2):\n",
    "                self.value2 +=self.p2_cards[i].value                 # The total value of all cards in hand is summed\n",
    "                self.ranks2.append(self.p2_cards[i].rank)\n",
    "                self.p2_ace.append(0)\n",
    "                if i != self.len2-1:\n",
    "                    print(self.p2_cards[i],end=\"  :  \")\n",
    "                else:\n",
    "                    self.value2 = int(self.ace_adjust(self.ranks2,self.value2,self.p2_ace)) # Adjusting the Ace values in hand\n",
    "                    print(f\"Hidden Card : Computer Value = Hidden\\n\\n\")\n",
    "                    \n",
    "                    \n",
    "    def players_hit(self,deck):                                  # This function defines how the game is played after the...\n",
    "                                                                 # ... first round.\n",
    "        if self.round>1:\n",
    "           \n",
    "            while True:\n",
    "                hit = input(\"\\nDo You want to Hit?: press'H' for hit and 'S' for stand: \")\n",
    "                if (hit.lower() == \"h\") or (self.p_hold > 2):\n",
    "                    if self.p_hold > 2:\n",
    "                        print(\"\\n You have run out of stand options!\")\n",
    "                    (\"Player Chooses to Hit.\")\n",
    "                    self.p1_cards.append(deck.deal_one())\n",
    "                    self.len1 += 1\n",
    "                    self.value1 += self.p1_cards[self.len1-1].value          #Indexing starts at 0, so is 1 - card position\n",
    "                    self.ranks1.append(self.p1_cards[self.len1-1].rank)\n",
    "                    self.p1_ace.append(0)\n",
    "                    self.value1 = int(self.ace_adjust(self.ranks1,self.value1,self.p1_ace)) \n",
    "                    self.p_hold = 0                                   # hold values are set to 0 after a hit.\n",
    "\n",
    "                    \n",
    "                elif hit.lower() == \"s\" and self.p_hold <= 2:\n",
    "                    print(\"Player Chooses to Stand.\\n\")\n",
    "                    self.p_hold += 1\n",
    "                    print(f\"You have '\\033[1m{3- self.p_hold}\\033[0m' stands remaining.\") \n",
    "                    \n",
    "               \n",
    "                else:\n",
    "                    print(\"Try Again\")\n",
    "                    continue\n",
    "            \n",
    "                print(\"\\nComputer's Turn\")                         # Here the computer plays the game \n",
    "\n",
    "                i = random.randint(0,1)                          # i, j are variables that have a 50% probability of getting...\n",
    "                j = random.randint(0,1)                          # ... a 1 or 0 respectively\n",
    "\n",
    "                if self.value2 <= 15 or (i == 1 and j==1) or self.c_hold > 3:  # There is a 25% probability that the computer will...\n",
    "                    print(\"\\nComputer decides to hit\")                      # ...hit when the value in hand is already above 15\n",
    "\n",
    "                    self.p2_cards.append(deck.deal_one())\n",
    "                    self.len2 += 1\n",
    "                    self.value2 += self.p2_cards[self.len2-1].value\n",
    "                    self.ranks2.append(self.p2_cards[self.len2-1].rank)\n",
    "                    self.p2_ace.append(0)\n",
    "                    self.value2 = int(self.ace_adjust(self.ranks2,self.value2,self.p2_ace))\n",
    "                    self.c_hold = 0                                  # hold values are set to 0 after a hit.                                  \n",
    "\n",
    "                else:\n",
    "                    print(\"\\nComputer decides to stand.\")\n",
    "                    self.c_hold +=1\n",
    "                    print(f\"Computer has \\033[1m{3-self.c_hold}\\033[0m stands remaining.\") \n",
    "                \n",
    "                print(\"\\nPlayer Hand: \",end=\" \")\n",
    "                for i in range(0,self.len1):\n",
    "                    print(self.p1_cards[i],end=\"  :  \")\n",
    "                print(f\"player value = {self.value1}\")\n",
    "                    \n",
    "                print(\"Computer Hand: \",end=\" \")\n",
    "                for i in range(0,self.len2):\n",
    "                    print(self.p2_cards[i],end=\"  :  \")\n",
    "                print(f\"Computer value = {self.value2}\")\n",
    "                break"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### Step 6:\n",
    "The game_on() function creates the game environment and puts all the functions we have created in place. "
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    "def game_on():\n",
    "    \n",
    "    print(\"Welcome to BlackJack \\n\\n\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "    p1_name = input(\"Please enter your name: \\n\\n\")              # The player name is entered and the initial chips set to 0\n",
    "    print(f\"\\n\\n Welcome {p1_name}!!\")\n",
    "    p1_chips= 0\n",
    "    p1 = Player(p1_name,p1_chips)\n",
    "   \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    while True:                                                 # The program runs in loop to allow new games for the player\n",
    "        p1.buy_chips()                                          # To buy Chips\n",
    "        bet = p1.place_bet()                                    # To place bet\n",
    "        \n",
    "        if bet > 0:\n",
    "            \n",
    "            input(\"Hit enter to start game!\\n\")\n",
    "            \n",
    "            game = GameInit()                             # The GameInit class is created with all its variables and functions\n",
    "            gamedeck =Deck()                              # The Deck Class is created with all its variables and functions\n",
    "\n",
    "            gamedeck.shuffle()                            # The deck is shuffled\n",
    "\n",
    "            game.player_init(gamedeck)                    # The player and the dealer are dealt their first cards from the deck\n",
    "            \n",
    "            game.set_table()                              # The table is set and cards are displayed\n",
    "            \n",
    "            while True:\n",
    "                \n",
    "                game.round +=1                                # Variable round is counted for each round\n",
    "                if game.value1 > 21 and game.value2 <= 21:    # The if-elif statements check for the different game scenarios\n",
    "                    print(f\"player value = {game.value1}\")\n",
    "                    print(f\"Computer value = {game.value2}\")\n",
    "                    p1.gave_bet(bet)\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "                \n",
    "                elif game.value1 > 21 and game.value2 >21:\n",
    "                    print(f\"player value = {game.value1}\")\n",
    "                    print(f\"Computer value = {game.value2}\")\n",
    "                    p1.draw_bet(bet)\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "                \n",
    "                elif game.value1 <= 21 and game.value2 > 21:\n",
    "                    print(f\"player value = {game.value1}\")\n",
    "                    print(f\"Computer value = {game.value2}\")\n",
    "                    p1.win_bet(bet)\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "                    \n",
    "                elif game.value1 == 21 and game.value2 == 21:\n",
    "                    print(f\"player value = {game.value1}\")\n",
    "                    print(f\"Computer value = {game.value2}\")\n",
    "                    p1.draw_bet(bet)\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "                \n",
    "                elif game.value1 < 21 and game.value2 < 21:\n",
    "                    game.players_hit(gamedeck)\n",
    "                    continue\n",
    "                    \n",
    "            while True:\n",
    "                y = str(input(\"Would you like to play again: Y/N\")).lower()  # \n",
    "                if y== 'y' or y == 'n':\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "                else:    \n",
    "                    print(\"Please enter a valid value.\")\n",
    "                    continue\n",
    "    \n",
    "            if y.lower() == \"n\":\n",
    "                print(f\"Thank you for playing {p1_name}!!\")\n",
    "                break \n",
    "            elif y.lower() ==\"y\":\n",
    "                continue\n",
    "                        \n",
    "                        \n",
    "# Code Completed"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "#### Step7:\n",
    "Trying the game"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "code",
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    " game_on()"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Completed, Thank you for Reading!!"
   ]
  }
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