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Surface Tension

Compute the surface tension force at the fluid interface.

Note that this is an experimental feature and is probably far from physically correct.

Input

The following input ports are available:

Input Description Type Remark
Grid Grid containing fields representing fluids in a multiphase setting. Rectilinear Grid

Grid

The grid contains the following data fields:

Data field Description Data Type Remark
Volume of fluid field A volume of fluid field, whose entries are in the range [0, 1]. Scalar Cell-based
Interface gradients Gradients in interface cells. Vector Cell-based
Interface curvature Field storing the curvature at the interface barycenter. Scalar Cell-based

Parameters

The following parameters can be set by the user:

Parameter Description Type Accepted values Default value
Coefficient Surface tension coefficient based on the involved species. Float >0 72.75
Density Density of the liquid phase. Float >0 0.9982
Time step Alternative time step for scaling the surface tension force vectors. If set to zero, use time step derived from the dataset. Float ≥0 0.0

Output

The following data fields are appended to the input grid:

Data field Description Data Type Remark
Surface tension force Approximate surface tension force in interface cells. Vector Cell-based

The grid itself is not modified.


[1] Stéphane Popinet. An accurate adaptive solver for surface-tension-driven interfacial flows. Journal of Computational Physics, 228(16): 5838–5866, 2009.