Compute interface bending as change in curvature [1,2,3], where the bending value expresses this change relative to zero. A negative value indicates an increase in convexity (or decrease in concavity), and a positive value an increase in concavity (or decrease in convexity) in the respective direction.
The following input ports are available:
| Input | Description | Type | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grid | Grid containing fields representing fluids in a multiphase setting. | Rectilinear Grid |
The grid contains the following data fields:
| Data field | Description | Data | Type | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Volume of fluid field | A volume of fluid field, whose entries are in the range [0, 1]. | Scalar | Cell-based | |
| Interface gradients | Gradient at interface cells. | Vector | Cell-based | |
| Interface positions | Field containing the interface barycenter of each interface cell. | Vector | Cell-based | |
| Velocities | Velocity field describing the fluid flow. | Vector | Cell-based |
The following data fields are appended to the input grid:
| Data field | Description | Data | Type | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bending (minimum) | Minimum bending, where bending values >0 indicate increase in concavity, and values <0 indicate increase in convexity. | Scalar | Cell-based | |
| Bending (maximum) | Maximum bending, where bending values >0 indicate increase in concavity, and values <0 indicate increase in convexity. | Scalar | Cell-based | |
| Bending (absolute maximum) | Strongest bending, where bending values >0 indicate increase in concavity, and values <0 indicate increase in convexity. | Scalar | Cell-based | |
| Bending direction (minimum) | Direction corresponding to minimum bending. | Vector | Cell-based | |
| Bending direction (maximum) | Direction corresponding to maximum bending. | Vector | Cell-based | |
| Bending direction (absolute maximum) | Direction corresponding to strongest bending. | Vector | Cell-based |
The grid itself is not modified.
[1] Alexander Straub, Grzegorz K. Karch, Sebastian Boblest, Jonas Kaufmann, Filip Sadlo, Bernhard Weigand, and Thomas Ertl. Visual Analysis of Interface Deformation in Multiphase Flow. Proceedings of the DIPSI Workshop 2018, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 45–47, 2018.
[2] Alexander Straub, Moritz Heinemann, and Thomas Ertl. Visualization and Visual Analysis for Multiphase Flow. Proceedings of the DIPSI Workshop 2019, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 25–27, 2019.
[3] Alexander Straub, and Thomas Ertl. Visualization Techniques for Droplet Interfaces and Multiphase Flow. Droplet Interactions and Spray Processes, Springer International Publishing, 121: 203–214, 2020.