script.js

//step 1:

var request=new XMLHttpRequest();

//step2: 

request.open("GET","https://restcountries.com/v3.1/all")

//step3:

request.send()
//steep4

request.onload=function(){
    var data= request.response
    //console.log(data);

    //to parse the api data json format
    var result= JSON.parse(data)
    //for this single value
    console.log(result[0].area)
    console.log(result[0].name.common)
    //for accessing multiple values
    //for loop
    for(var i=0; i<result.length; i++) {
        console.log("area"+result[i].area,result[i].name.common);
       
    }
    //for of loop -->obj
    for(var obj of result){
        console.log(obj.area, obj.name.common)
        }
       //for in loop ==> obj
       for(var index in result){
        console.log(result[index].area)
       }

    
}