0155._min_stack.md

155. Min Stack

难度: Easy

刷题内容

原题连接

• https://leetcode.com/problems/min-stack/

内容描述

Design a stack that supports push, pop, top, and retrieving the minimum element in constant time.

push(x) -- Push element x onto stack.
pop() -- Removes the element on top of the stack.
top() -- Get the top element.
getMin() -- Retrieve the minimum element in the stack.
Example:
MinStack minStack = new MinStack();
minStack.push(-2);
minStack.push(0);
minStack.push(-3);
minStack.getMin();   --> Returns -3.
minStack.pop();
minStack.top();      --> Returns 0.
minStack.getMin();   --> Returns -2.

解题方案

思路 1 ******- 时间复杂度: push O(1) + pop O(lgN) + top O(1) + getMin O(1) - 空间复杂度: O(N)

懒，直接用系统的数据结构 用lst和系统的heapq，提升一下，用deque和heapq,这样也没太大提升

from heapq import *

class MinStack(object):

    def __init__(self):
        """
        initialize your data structure here.
        """
        self.lst = []
        self.h = []
        

    def push(self, x):
        """
        :type x: int
        :rtype: void
        """
        self.lst.append(x)
        heappush(self.h,x)


    def pop(self):
        """
        :rtype: void
        """
        val = self.lst.pop()
        self.h.remove(val)
        heapify(self.h)

    def top(self):
        """
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.lst[-1]
        

    def getMin(self):
        """
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.h[0]

思路 2 ******- 时间复杂度: push O(1) + pop O(1) + top O(1) + getMin O(1) - 空间复杂度: O(N)

参考http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/design-and-implement-special-stack-data-structure/

用两个stack，其中一个始终来记录到当前位置的最小值

When we insert 18, both stacks change to following.
Actual Stack
18 <--- top     
Auxiliary Stack
18 <---- top

When 19 is inserted, both stacks change to following.
Actual Stack
19 <--- top     
18
Auxiliary Stack
18 <---- top
18

When 29 is inserted, both stacks change to following.
Actual Stack
29 <--- top     
19
18
Auxiliary Stack
18 <---- top
18
18

When 15 is inserted, both stacks change to following.
Actual Stack
15 <--- top     
29
19 
18
Auxiliary Stack
15 <---- top
18
18
18

When 16 is inserted, both stacks change to following.
Actual Stack
16 <--- top     
15
29
19 
18
Auxiliary Stack
15 <---- top
15
18
18
18

这样无论是用deque还是本身的lst都有一些提升

from collections import deque
class MinStack(object):

    def __init__(self):
        """
        initialize your data structure here.
        """
        self.lst = deque()
        self.aux = deque()
        

    def push(self, x):
        """
        :type x: int
        :rtype: void
        """
        self.lst.append(x)
        if not self.aux or self.aux[-1] > x:
            self.aux.append(x)
        else:
            self.aux.append(self.aux[-1])



    def pop(self):
        """
        :rtype: void
        """
        self.lst.pop()
        self.aux.pop()

    def top(self):
        """
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.lst[-1]
        

    def getMin(self):
        """
        :rtype: int
        """
        return self.aux[-1]