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Digital_IC_Backend_Interview 数字后端面试题精选(附参考答案)

A collection of possible interview questions for ASIC PD position


推荐一个Youtube博主,印度哥,没字幕,听懂可能有点困难,但讲的挺好的

https://www.youtube.com/user/birdyVJ

1.setup和hold time、transition time的概念;

https://only-vlsi.blogspot.com/2008/04/setup-and-hold-time.html

2.跨时钟域信号传输的方法;

https://www.cnblogs.com/lyc-seu/p/12441366.html#%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%9A%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5

3.STA中Constraints有哪些内容,是怎么实现的;

https://vlsibasic.blogspot.com/2014/10/sdc-synopsys-design-constraints.html

4.为什么要设置case analysis?

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2018/04/false-path-vs-case-analysis-vs-disable.html

5.简单介绍下clock gating的概念。

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2012/07/clock-gating.html

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2012/08/clock-gating-integrated-cell.html

6.设计过程中,如何处理跨时钟域的问题。

https://www.cnblogs.com/lyc-seu/p/12441366.html#%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%9A%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5

7.简单介绍下ASIC设计从前端到后端的流程,以及每个阶段用到的EDA工具。

http://www.asic-world.com/verilog/design_flow1.html

8.简单介绍下你对逻辑综合的理解。

https://blog.csdn.net/bleauchat/article/details/97786529

9.STA中,clock skew的概念,如何消除skew?

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2013/03/clock-skew-implication-on-timing.html

(1)通过在时钟树上使用lvt cell、中驱动cell或者插inverter增加驱动等方式使得clk路径延时降低,可以减小delay的variations,进而降低clock间的skew;

(2)使用高层金属对时钟布线;

(3)减少时钟树的non-common part;

(3)采用inv,而不是buffer,因为缩短时钟树长度有利于减少skew。

10.综合过程中的clock是怎么定义的?

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/138104862

https://www.cnblogs.com/lelin/p/12652063.html

11.如果综合中timing比较差,有哪些优化的方法?

https://www.cnblogs.com/xh13dream/p/8697832.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/iclearner/p/6636176.html

12.实际的综合或STA中,skew如何影响setup和hold检查?有setup/hold violation的话如何调skew?

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2013/03/clock-skew-implication-on-timing.html

13.为什么要用clock uncertainty?skew和uncertainty有关系吗?

clock skew和clock uncertainty基本上没有任何关系。uncertainty是指jitter、ocv等无法直接计算的情况,需要在设置uncertainty时人为指定,而skew在CTS之后是可以通过计算得到的,因此不算是uncertainty。综合中在set_clock_uncertainty时考虑skew只是为了模拟/预估这一部分skew,避免pre-CTS过于乐观。

【总结】clock uncertainty在PD不同阶段的设置

(1)pre-CTS:由于没有clock tree skew,clock uncertainty = PLL jitter + skew + margin

(2)post-CTS:clock skew通过clock tree确定,clock uncertainty中没有skew

14.什么是OCV?什么要在综合或者STA过程中做OCV?业界中有哪些种类的OCV?

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2017/03/ocv-vs-aocv.html

15.如何消除Setup/Hold violation? 如果只能选择一个消除,消除哪个?

http://www.vlsi-expert.com/2014/01/10-ways-to-fix-setup-and-hold-violation.html

16.什么是CPPR(CRPR)?为什么OCV需要CPPR?

https://www.cnblogs.com/lelin/p/11385982.html

https://vlsibasic.blogspot.com/2014/07/cpprcommon-clock-pessimism-removal_25.html

17.时钟树上使用inverter和buffer的区别?

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2014/12/inverter-vs-buffer-based-clock-tree.html

18.什么是Power Gating?如何实现Power Gating?

https://vlsi-soc.blogspot.com/2012/08/power-gating.html

19.什么是亚稳态?如何避免亚稳态?

http://www.asic-world.com/tidbits/metastablity.html

20.什么是CrossTalk?如何减小CrossTalk?

https://vlsibasic.blogspot.com/2014/10/pd-interview-questiona-sta.html

21.Clock Buffer和普通Buffer的区别是什么?

https://vlsiuniverse.blogspot.com/2017/12/what-is-difference-between-normal.html

22.同步逻辑和异步逻辑的区别?

https://blog.csdn.net/pang123hui/article/details/6006363

23.NLDM和CSS听说过吗?

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/139113465

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