diff --git a/binding/lua_filesystem.cpp b/binding/lua_filesystem.cpp
index bbf584c2..49b6ba6d 100644
--- a/binding/lua_filesystem.cpp
+++ b/binding/lua_filesystem.cpp
@@ -2,14 +2,11 @@
 #include <bee/lua/binding.h>
 #include <bee/lua/cxx_status.h>
 #include <bee/lua/error.h>
-#include <bee/lua/file.h>
 #include <bee/lua/module.h>
 #include <bee/lua/narrow.h>
 #include <bee/nonstd/filesystem.h>
 #include <bee/nonstd/format.h>
 #include <bee/nonstd/unreachable.h>
-#include <bee/sys/file_handle.h>
-#include <bee/sys/path.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <utility>
@@ -162,31 +159,6 @@ namespace bee::lua_filesystem {
         fs::path val;
     };
 
-    class path_view_ref {
-    public:
-        path_view_ref(lua_State* L, int idx) {
-            if (lua_type(L, idx) == LUA_TSTRING) {
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-                str  = wtf8::u2w(lua::checkstrview(L, idx));
-                view = str;
-#else
-                view = lua::checkstrview(L, idx);
-#endif
-            } else {
-                view = lua::checkudata<fs::path>(L, idx).native();
-            }
-        }
-        operator path_view() const noexcept {
-            return view;
-        }
-
-    private:
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-        std::wstring str;
-#endif
-        path_view view;
-    };
-
     namespace path {
         static int constructor(lua_State* L) {
             if (lua_gettop(L) == 0) {
@@ -871,55 +843,6 @@ namespace bee::lua_filesystem {
     using pairs   = pairs_directory<fs::directory_iterator>;
     using pairs_r = pairs_directory<fs::recursive_directory_iterator>;
 
-    static int exe_path(lua_State* L) {
-        auto r = sys::exe_path();
-        if (!r) {
-            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("exe_path"));
-        }
-        lua::newudata<fs::path>(L, *r);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    static int dll_path(lua_State* L) {
-        auto r = sys::dll_path();
-        if (!r) {
-            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("dll_path"));
-        }
-        lua::newudata<fs::path>(L, *r);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    static int filelock(lua_State* L) {
-        path_view_ref path(L, 1);
-        auto fd = file_handle::lock(path);
-        if (!fd) {
-            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("filelock"));
-        }
-        auto f = fd.to_file(file_handle::mode::write);
-        if (!f) {
-            auto errmsg = error::crt_errmsg("filelock");
-            fd.close();
-            return lua::push_error(L, errmsg);
-        }
-        lua::newfile(L, f);
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    static int fullpath(lua_State* L) {
-        path_view_ref path(L, 1);
-        auto fd = file_handle::open_link(path);
-        if (!fd) {
-            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("fullpath"));
-        }
-        auto fullpath = fd.path();
-        fd.close();
-        if (!fullpath) {
-            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("fullpath"));
-        }
-        lua::newudata<fs::path>(L, std::move(*fullpath));
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     static int luaopen(lua_State* L) {
         static luaL_Reg lib[] = {
             { "path", path::constructor },
@@ -948,10 +871,6 @@ namespace bee::lua_filesystem {
             { "temp_directory_path", lua::cxx::cfunc<temp_directory_path> },
             { "pairs", lua::cxx::cfunc<pairs::ctor> },
             { "pairs_r", lua::cxx::cfunc<pairs_r::ctor> },
-            { "exe_path", exe_path },
-            { "dll_path", dll_path },
-            { "filelock", filelock },
-            { "fullpath", fullpath },
             { "copy_options", NULL },
             { "perm_options", NULL },
             { "directory_options", NULL },
@@ -996,6 +915,10 @@ namespace bee::lua_filesystem {
 DEFINE_LUAOPEN(filesystem)
 
 namespace bee::lua {
+    fs::path& new_path(lua_State* L, fs::path&& path) {
+        return lua::newudata<fs::path>(L, std::forward<fs::path>(path));
+    }
+
     template <>
     struct udata<fs::path> {
         static inline auto metatable = bee::lua_filesystem::path::metatable;
diff --git a/binding/lua_sys.cpp b/binding/lua_sys.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..106ae515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/binding/lua_sys.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#include <bee/error.h>
+#include <bee/lua/binding.h>
+#include <bee/lua/error.h>
+#include <bee/lua/file.h>
+#include <bee/lua/module.h>
+#include <bee/nonstd/filesystem.h>
+#include <bee/sys/file_handle.h>
+#include <bee/sys/path.h>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#    include <Windows.h>
+#    include <bee/win/wtf8.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace bee::lua {
+    fs::path& new_path(lua_State* L, fs::path&& path);
+}
+
+namespace bee::lua_sys {
+    class path_view_ref {
+    public:
+        path_view_ref(lua_State* L, int idx) {
+            if (lua_type(L, idx) == LUA_TSTRING) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+                str  = wtf8::u2w(lua::checkstrview(L, idx));
+                view = str;
+#else
+                view = lua::checkstrview(L, idx);
+#endif
+            } else {
+                view = lua::checkudata<fs::path>(L, idx).native();
+            }
+        }
+        operator path_view() const noexcept {
+            return view;
+        }
+
+    private:
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        std::wstring str;
+#endif
+        path_view view;
+    };
+
+    static int exe_path(lua_State* L) {
+        auto r = sys::exe_path();
+        if (!r) {
+            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("exe_path"));
+        }
+        lua::new_path(L, std::move(*r));
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    static int dll_path(lua_State* L) {
+        auto r = sys::dll_path();
+        if (!r) {
+            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("dll_path"));
+        }
+        lua::new_path(L, std::move(*r));
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    static int filelock(lua_State* L) {
+        path_view_ref path(L, 1);
+        auto fd = file_handle::lock(path);
+        if (!fd) {
+            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("filelock"));
+        }
+        auto f = fd.to_file(file_handle::mode::write);
+        if (!f) {
+            auto errmsg = error::crt_errmsg("filelock");
+            fd.close();
+            return lua::push_error(L, errmsg);
+        }
+        lua::newfile(L, f);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    static int fullpath(lua_State* L) {
+        path_view_ref path(L, 1);
+        auto fd = file_handle::open_link(path);
+        if (!fd) {
+            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("fullpath"));
+        }
+        auto fullpath = fd.path();
+        fd.close();
+        if (!fullpath) {
+            return lua::push_error(L, error::sys_errmsg("fullpath"));
+        }
+        lua::new_path(L, std::move(*fullpath));
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    static int luaopen(lua_State* L) {
+        static luaL_Reg lib[] = {
+            { "exe_path", exe_path },
+            { "dll_path", dll_path },
+            { "filelock", filelock },
+            { "fullpath", fullpath },
+            { NULL, NULL },
+        };
+        luaL_newlibtable(L, lib);
+        luaL_setfuncs(L, lib, 0);
+
+        return 1;
+    }
+}
+
+DEFINE_LUAOPEN(sys)
diff --git a/test/test.lua b/test/test.lua
index 2cc9cba9..4bed6a29 100644
--- a/test/test.lua
+++ b/test/test.lua
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ require "test_epoll"
 require "test_filewatch"
 require "test_time"
 require "test_channel"
+require "test_sys"
 
 do
     local fs = require "bee.filesystem"
diff --git a/test/test_filesystem.lua b/test/test_filesystem.lua
index 5a1fcb31..25de9e32 100644
--- a/test/test_filesystem.lua
+++ b/test/test_filesystem.lua
@@ -732,56 +732,6 @@ function test_fs:test_last_write_time()
     last_write_time("temp.txt")
 end
 
---function test_fs:test_exe_path()
---    local function getexe()
---        local i = 0
---        while arg[i] ~= nil do
---            i = i - 1
---        end
---        return fs.path(arg[i + 1])
---    end
---    assertPathEquals(fs.exe_path(), fs.absolute(getexe()))
---end
-
---function test_fs:test_dll_path()
---    local function getdll()
---        local i = 0
---        while arg[i] ~= nil do
---            i = i - 1
---        end
---        return fs.path(arg[i + 1]):parent_path() / ("bee." .. __EXT__)
---    end
---    assertPathEquals(fs.dll_path(), fs.absolute(getdll()))
---end
-
-function test_fs:test_filelock_1()
-    local lock = fs.path("temp.lock")
-    local f1 = lt.assertIsUserdata(fs.filelock(lock))
-    lt.assertEquals(fs.filelock(lock), nil)
-    f1:close()
-    local f2 = lt.assertIsUserdata(fs.filelock(lock))
-    f2:close()
-    fs.remove(fs.path("temp.lock"))
-end
-
-function test_fs:test_filelock_2()
-    local process = shell:runlua([[
-    local fs = require "bee.filesystem"
-    fs.filelock(fs.path("temp.lock"))
-    io.stdout:write "ok"
-    io.stdout:flush()
-    io.read "a"
-]], { stdin = true, stdout = true, stderr = true })
-    lt.assertEquals(process.stdout:read(2), "ok")
-    lt.assertEquals(fs.filelock(fs.path("temp.lock")), nil)
-    process.stdin:close()
-    lt.assertEquals(process.stderr:read "a", "")
-    lt.assertEquals(process:wait(), 0)
-    local f = lt.assertIsUserdata(fs.filelock(fs.path("temp.lock")))
-    f:close()
-    fs.remove(fs.path("temp.lock"))
-end
-
 function test_fs:test_tostring()
     local function test(s)
         lt.assertEquals(fs.path(s):string(), s)
diff --git a/test/test_sys.lua b/test/test_sys.lua
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..87e1b6ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_sys.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+local fs       = require "bee.filesystem"
+local sys      = require "bee.sys"
+local lt       = require "ltest"
+local shell    = require "shell"
+
+local test_sys = lt.test "sys"
+
+function test_sys:test_filelock_1()
+    local lock = "temp.lock"
+    local f1 = lt.assertIsUserdata(sys.filelock(lock))
+    lt.assertEquals(sys.filelock(lock), nil)
+    f1:close()
+    local f2 = lt.assertIsUserdata(sys.filelock(lock))
+    f2:close()
+    fs.remove "temp.lock"
+end
+
+function test_sys:test_filelock_2()
+    local process = shell:runlua([[
+    local sys = require "bee.sys"
+    sys.filelock "temp.lock"
+    io.stdout:write "ok"
+    io.stdout:flush()
+    io.read "a"
+]], { stdin = true, stdout = true, stderr = true })
+    lt.assertEquals(process.stdout:read(2), "ok")
+    lt.assertEquals(sys.filelock "temp.lock", nil)
+    process.stdin:close()
+    lt.assertEquals(process.stderr:read "a", "")
+    lt.assertEquals(process:wait(), 0)
+    local f = lt.assertIsUserdata(sys.filelock "temp.lock")
+    f:close()
+    fs.remove "temp.lock"
+end