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| 1 | +# Virtual Machine (simple) |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +A Virtual Machine (VM) simulates computer hardware, enabling various operating systems and applications to run in an isolated environment. |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +## Deployment Details |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +The virtual machine is managed and hosted through KubeVirt, allowing you to harness the benefits of virtualization within your Kubernetes ecosystem. |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +- Docs: [KubeVirt User Guide](https://kubevirt.io/user-guide/) |
| 10 | +- GitHub: [KubeVirt Repository](https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt) |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +## Accessing virtual machine |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +You can access the virtual machine using the virtctl tool: |
| 15 | +- [KubeVirt User Guide - Virtctl Client Tool](https://kubevirt.io/user-guide/user_workloads/virtctl_client_tool/) |
| 16 | + |
| 17 | +To access the serial console: |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +``` |
| 20 | +virtctl console <vm> |
| 21 | +``` |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +To access the VM using VNC: |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +``` |
| 26 | +virtctl vnc <vm> |
| 27 | +``` |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +To SSH into the VM: |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +``` |
| 32 | +virtctl ssh <user>@<vm> |
| 33 | +``` |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +## Parameters |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +### Common parameters |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +| Name | Description | Value | |
| 40 | +| ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- | |
| 41 | +| `external` | Enable external access from outside the cluster | `false` | |
| 42 | +| `externalPorts` | Specify ports to forward from outside the cluster | `[]` | |
| 43 | +| `running` | Determines if the virtual machine should be running | `true` | |
| 44 | +| `instanceType` | Virtual Machine instance type | `u1.medium` | |
| 45 | +| `instanceProfile` | Virtual Machine prefferences profile | `ubuntu` | |
| 46 | +| `systemDisk.image` | The base image for the virtual machine. Allowed values: `ubuntu`, `cirros`, `alpine`, `fedora` and `talos` | `ubuntu` | |
| 47 | +| `systemDisk.storage` | The size of the disk allocated for the virtual machine | `5Gi` | |
| 48 | +| `systemDisk.storageClass` | StorageClass used to store the data | `replicated` | |
| 49 | +| `resources.cpu` | The number of CPU cores allocated to the virtual machine | `""` | |
| 50 | +| `resources.memory` | The amount of memory allocated to the virtual machine | `""` | |
| 51 | +| `sshKeys` | List of SSH public keys for authentication. Can be a single key or a list of keys. | `[]` | |
| 52 | +| `cloudInit` | cloud-init user data config. See cloud-init documentation for more details. | `#cloud-config |
| 53 | +` | |
| 54 | + |
| 55 | +## U Series |
| 56 | + |
| 57 | +The U Series is quite neutral and provides resources for |
| 58 | +general purpose applications. |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +*U* is the abbreviation for "Universal", hinting at the universal |
| 61 | +attitude towards workloads. |
| 62 | + |
| 63 | +VMs of instance types will share physical CPU cores on a |
| 64 | +time-slice basis with other VMs. |
| 65 | + |
| 66 | +### U Series Characteristics |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | +Specific characteristics of this series are: |
| 69 | +- *Burstable CPU performance* - The workload has a baseline compute |
| 70 | + performance but is permitted to burst beyond this baseline, if |
| 71 | + excess compute resources are available. |
| 72 | +- *vCPU-To-Memory Ratio (1:4)* - A vCPU-to-Memory ratio of 1:4, for less |
| 73 | + noise per node. |
| 74 | + |
| 75 | +## O Series |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | +The O Series is based on the U Series, with the only difference |
| 78 | +being that memory is overcommitted. |
| 79 | + |
| 80 | +*O* is the abbreviation for "Overcommitted". |
| 81 | + |
| 82 | +### UO Series Characteristics |
| 83 | + |
| 84 | +Specific characteristics of this series are: |
| 85 | +- *Burstable CPU performance* - The workload has a baseline compute |
| 86 | + performance but is permitted to burst beyond this baseline, if |
| 87 | + excess compute resources are available. |
| 88 | +- *Overcommitted Memory* - Memory is over-committed in order to achieve |
| 89 | + a higher workload density. |
| 90 | +- *vCPU-To-Memory Ratio (1:4)* - A vCPU-to-Memory ratio of 1:4, for less |
| 91 | + noise per node. |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | +## CX Series |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | +The CX Series provides exclusive compute resources for compute |
| 96 | +intensive applications. |
| 97 | + |
| 98 | +*CX* is the abbreviation of "Compute Exclusive". |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | +The exclusive resources are given to the compute threads of the |
| 101 | +VM. In order to ensure this, some additional cores (depending |
| 102 | +on the number of disks and NICs) will be requested to offload |
| 103 | +the IO threading from cores dedicated to the workload. |
| 104 | +In addition, in this series, the NUMA topology of the used |
| 105 | +cores is provided to the VM. |
| 106 | + |
| 107 | +### CX Series Characteristics |
| 108 | + |
| 109 | +Specific characteristics of this series are: |
| 110 | +- *Hugepages* - Hugepages are used in order to improve memory |
| 111 | + performance. |
| 112 | +- *Dedicated CPU* - Physical cores are exclusively assigned to every |
| 113 | + vCPU in order to provide fixed and high compute guarantees to the |
| 114 | + workload. |
| 115 | +- *Isolated emulator threads* - Hypervisor emulator threads are isolated |
| 116 | + from the vCPUs in order to reduce emaulation related impact on the |
| 117 | + workload. |
| 118 | +- *vNUMA* - Physical NUMA topology is reflected in the guest in order to |
| 119 | + optimize guest sided cache utilization. |
| 120 | +- *vCPU-To-Memory Ratio (1:2)* - A vCPU-to-Memory ratio of 1:2. |
| 121 | + |
| 122 | +## M Series |
| 123 | + |
| 124 | +The M Series provides resources for memory intensive |
| 125 | +applications. |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | +*M* is the abbreviation of "Memory". |
| 128 | + |
| 129 | +### M Series Characteristics |
| 130 | + |
| 131 | +Specific characteristics of this series are: |
| 132 | +- *Hugepages* - Hugepages are used in order to improve memory |
| 133 | + performance. |
| 134 | +- *Burstable CPU performance* - The workload has a baseline compute |
| 135 | + performance but is permitted to burst beyond this baseline, if |
| 136 | + excess compute resources are available. |
| 137 | +- *vCPU-To-Memory Ratio (1:8)* - A vCPU-to-Memory ratio of 1:8, for much |
| 138 | + less noise per node. |
| 139 | + |
| 140 | +## RT Series |
| 141 | + |
| 142 | +The RT Series provides resources for realtime applications, like Oslat. |
| 143 | + |
| 144 | +*RT* is the abbreviation for "realtime". |
| 145 | + |
| 146 | +This series of instance types requires nodes capable of running |
| 147 | +realtime applications. |
| 148 | + |
| 149 | +### RT Series Characteristics |
| 150 | + |
| 151 | +Specific characteristics of this series are: |
| 152 | +- *Hugepages* - Hugepages are used in order to improve memory |
| 153 | + performance. |
| 154 | +- *Dedicated CPU* - Physical cores are exclusively assigned to every |
| 155 | + vCPU in order to provide fixed and high compute guarantees to the |
| 156 | + workload. |
| 157 | +- *Isolated emulator threads* - Hypervisor emulator threads are isolated |
| 158 | + from the vCPUs in order to reduce emaulation related impact on the |
| 159 | + workload. |
| 160 | +- *vCPU-To-Memory Ratio (1:4)* - A vCPU-to-Memory ratio of 1:4 starting from |
| 161 | + the medium size. |
| 162 | + |
| 163 | +## Development |
| 164 | + |
| 165 | +To get started with customizing or creating your own instancetypes and preferences |
| 166 | +see [DEVELOPMENT.md](./DEVELOPMENT.md). |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +## Resources |
| 169 | + |
| 170 | +The following instancetype resources are provided by Cozystack: |
| 171 | + |
| 172 | +Name | vCPUs | Memory |
| 173 | +-----|-------|------- |
| 174 | +cx1.2xlarge | 8 | 16Gi |
| 175 | +cx1.4xlarge | 16 | 32Gi |
| 176 | +cx1.8xlarge | 32 | 64Gi |
| 177 | +cx1.large | 2 | 4Gi |
| 178 | +cx1.medium | 1 | 2Gi |
| 179 | +cx1.xlarge | 4 | 8Gi |
| 180 | +gn1.2xlarge | 8 | 32Gi |
| 181 | +gn1.4xlarge | 16 | 64Gi |
| 182 | +gn1.8xlarge | 32 | 128Gi |
| 183 | +gn1.xlarge | 4 | 16Gi |
| 184 | +m1.2xlarge | 8 | 64Gi |
| 185 | +m1.4xlarge | 16 | 128Gi |
| 186 | +m1.8xlarge | 32 | 256Gi |
| 187 | +m1.large | 2 | 16Gi |
| 188 | +m1.xlarge | 4 | 32Gi |
| 189 | +n1.2xlarge | 16 | 32Gi |
| 190 | +n1.4xlarge | 32 | 64Gi |
| 191 | +n1.8xlarge | 64 | 128Gi |
| 192 | +n1.large | 4 | 8Gi |
| 193 | +n1.medium | 4 | 4Gi |
| 194 | +n1.xlarge | 8 | 16Gi |
| 195 | +o1.2xlarge | 8 | 32Gi |
| 196 | +o1.4xlarge | 16 | 64Gi |
| 197 | +o1.8xlarge | 32 | 128Gi |
| 198 | +o1.large | 2 | 8Gi |
| 199 | +o1.medium | 1 | 4Gi |
| 200 | +o1.micro | 1 | 1Gi |
| 201 | +o1.nano | 1 | 512Mi |
| 202 | +o1.small | 1 | 2Gi |
| 203 | +o1.xlarge | 4 | 16Gi |
| 204 | +rt1.2xlarge | 8 | 32Gi |
| 205 | +rt1.4xlarge | 16 | 64Gi |
| 206 | +rt1.8xlarge | 32 | 128Gi |
| 207 | +rt1.large | 2 | 8Gi |
| 208 | +rt1.medium | 1 | 4Gi |
| 209 | +rt1.micro | 1 | 1Gi |
| 210 | +rt1.small | 1 | 2Gi |
| 211 | +rt1.xlarge | 4 | 16Gi |
| 212 | +u1.2xlarge | 8 | 32Gi |
| 213 | +u1.2xmedium | 2 | 4Gi |
| 214 | +u1.4xlarge | 16 | 64Gi |
| 215 | +u1.8xlarge | 32 | 128Gi |
| 216 | +u1.large | 2 | 8Gi |
| 217 | +u1.medium | 1 | 4Gi |
| 218 | +u1.micro | 1 | 1Gi |
| 219 | +u1.nano | 1 | 512Mi |
| 220 | +u1.small | 1 | 2Gi |
| 221 | +u1.xlarge | 4 | 16Gi |
| 222 | + |
| 223 | +The following preference resources are provided by Cozystack: |
| 224 | + |
| 225 | +Name | Guest OS |
| 226 | +-----|--------- |
| 227 | +alpine | Alpine |
| 228 | +centos.7 | CentOS 7 |
| 229 | +centos.7.desktop | CentOS 7 |
| 230 | +centos.stream10 | CentOS Stream 10 |
| 231 | +centos.stream10.desktop | CentOS Stream 10 |
| 232 | +centos.stream8 | CentOS Stream 8 |
| 233 | +centos.stream8.desktop | CentOS Stream 8 |
| 234 | +centos.stream8.dpdk | CentOS Stream 8 |
| 235 | +centos.stream9 | CentOS Stream 9 |
| 236 | +centos.stream9.desktop | CentOS Stream 9 |
| 237 | +centos.stream9.dpdk | CentOS Stream 9 |
| 238 | +cirros | Cirros |
| 239 | +fedora | Fedora (amd64) |
| 240 | +fedora.arm64 | Fedora (arm64) |
| 241 | +opensuse.leap | OpenSUSE Leap |
| 242 | +opensuse.tumbleweed | OpenSUSE Tumbleweed |
| 243 | +rhel.10 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 Beta (amd64) |
| 244 | +rhel.10.arm64 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 Beta (arm64) |
| 245 | +rhel.7 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
| 246 | +rhel.7.desktop | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
| 247 | +rhel.8 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
| 248 | +rhel.8.desktop | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
| 249 | +rhel.8.dpdk | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
| 250 | +rhel.9 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 (amd64) |
| 251 | +rhel.9.arm64 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 (arm64) |
| 252 | +rhel.9.desktop | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Desktop (amd64) |
| 253 | +rhel.9.dpdk | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 DPDK (amd64) |
| 254 | +rhel.9.realtime | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Realtime (amd64) |
| 255 | +sles | SUSE Linux Enterprise Server |
| 256 | +ubuntu | Ubuntu |
| 257 | +windows.10 | Microsoft Windows 10 |
| 258 | +windows.10.virtio | Microsoft Windows 10 (virtio) |
| 259 | +windows.11 | Microsoft Windows 11 |
| 260 | +windows.11.virtio | Microsoft Windows 11 (virtio) |
| 261 | +windows.2k16 | Microsoft Windows Server 2016 |
| 262 | +windows.2k16.virtio | Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (virtio) |
| 263 | +windows.2k19 | Microsoft Windows Server 2019 |
| 264 | +windows.2k19.virtio | Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (virtio) |
| 265 | +windows.2k22 | Microsoft Windows Server 2022 |
| 266 | +windows.2k22.virtio | Microsoft Windows Server 2022 (virtio) |
| 267 | +windows.2k25 | Microsoft Windows Server 2025 |
| 268 | +windows.2k25.virtio | Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (virtio) |
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