diff --git a/environment.yml b/environment.yml
index 3cbf1b4307..3560a817f5 100644
--- a/environment.yml
+++ b/environment.yml
@@ -37,3 +37,4 @@ dependencies:
 - typing-extensions~=4.0
 - upf_to_json~=0.9.2
 - wrapt~=1.11
+- chardet~=5.2.0  # [win]
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index a0b0b5bed0..0370771ff7 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ dependencies = [
   'tqdm~=4.45',
   'typing-extensions~=4.0;python_version<"3.10"',
   'upf_to_json~=0.9.2',
-  'wrapt~=1.11'
+  'wrapt~=1.11',
+  'chardet~=5.2.0;platform_system=="Windows"'
 ]
 description = 'AiiDA is a workflow manager for computational science with a strong focus on provenance, performance and extensibility.'
 dynamic = ['version']  # read from aiida/__init__.py
diff --git a/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_computer.py b/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_computer.py
index 42feb36d25..d0630bbde7 100644
--- a/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_computer.py
+++ b/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_computer.py
@@ -136,12 +136,14 @@ def _computer_create_temp_file(transport, scheduler, authinfo, computer):
 
     transport.makedirs(workdir, ignore_existing=True)
 
-    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+') as tempf:
+    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+', delete=False) as tempf:
         fname = os.path.split(tempf.name)[1]
         remote_file_path = os.path.join(workdir, fname)
         tempf.write(file_content)
         tempf.flush()
+        tempf.close()
         transport.putfile(tempf.name, remote_file_path)
+        os.remove(tempf.name)
 
     if not transport.path_exists(remote_file_path):
         return False, f'failed to create the file `{remote_file_path}` on the remote'
diff --git a/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_presto.py b/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_presto.py
index eeb98fad75..7a468b8aeb 100644
--- a/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_presto.py
+++ b/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_presto.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def detect_postgres_config(
         'database_name': database_name,
         'database_username': database_username,
         'database_password': database_password,
-        'repository_uri': f'file://{aiida_config_folder / "repository" / profile_name}',
+        'repository_uri': pathlib.Path(f'{aiida_config_folder / "repository" / profile_name}').as_uri(),
     }
 
 
diff --git a/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_setup.py b/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_setup.py
index ad86ee21db..6ba2ca8653 100644
--- a/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_setup.py
+++ b/src/aiida/cmdline/commands/cmd_setup.py
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 ###########################################################################
 """The `verdi setup` and `verdi quicksetup` commands."""
 
+import pathlib
+
 import click
 
 from aiida.cmdline.commands.cmd_verdi import verdi
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ def setup(
             'database_name': db_name,
             'database_username': db_username,
             'database_password': db_password,
-            'repository_uri': f'file://{repository}',
+            'repository_uri': pathlib.Path(f'{repository}').as_uri(),
         },
     )
     profile.set_process_controller(
diff --git a/src/aiida/engine/daemon/client.py b/src/aiida/engine/daemon/client.py
index 4e47e7ed60..ffdd83d30c 100644
--- a/src/aiida/engine/daemon/client.py
+++ b/src/aiida/engine/daemon/client.py
@@ -84,7 +84,10 @@ class DaemonClient:
     """Client to interact with the daemon."""
 
     _DAEMON_NAME = 'aiida-{name}'
-    _ENDPOINT_PROTOCOL = ControllerProtocol.IPC
+    if sys.platform == 'win32':
+        _ENDPOINT_PROTOCOL = ControllerProtocol.TCP
+    else:
+        _ENDPOINT_PROTOCOL = ControllerProtocol.IPC
 
     def __init__(self, profile: Profile):
         """Construct an instance for a given profile.
diff --git a/src/aiida/manage/configuration/config.py b/src/aiida/manage/configuration/config.py
index fff83f4330..e38a89ae24 100644
--- a/src/aiida/manage/configuration/config.py
+++ b/src/aiida/manage/configuration/config.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import io
 import json
 import os
+import shutil
 import uuid
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
@@ -780,7 +781,8 @@ def _atomic_write(self, filepath=None):
                 os.umask(umask)
 
             handle.flush()
-            os.rename(handle.name, self.filepath)
+            handle.close()
+            shutil.move(handle.name, self.filepath)
 
     def filepaths(self, profile: Profile):
         """Return the filepaths used by a profile.
diff --git a/src/aiida/manage/configuration/profile.py b/src/aiida/manage/configuration/profile.py
index 93a3c5c911..2af280f4ac 100644
--- a/src/aiida/manage/configuration/profile.py
+++ b/src/aiida/manage/configuration/profile.py
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ def repository_path(self) -> pathlib.Path:
         :return: absolute filepath of the profile's file repository
         """
         from urllib.parse import urlparse
+        from urllib.request import url2pathname
 
         from aiida.common.warnings import warn_deprecation
 
@@ -224,10 +225,10 @@ def repository_path(self) -> pathlib.Path:
         if parts.scheme != 'file':
             raise exceptions.ConfigurationError('invalid repository protocol, only the local `file://` is supported')
 
-        if not os.path.isabs(parts.path):
+        if not os.path.isabs(url2pathname(parts.path)):
             raise exceptions.ConfigurationError('invalid repository URI: the path has to be absolute')
 
-        return pathlib.Path(os.path.expanduser(parts.path))
+        return pathlib.Path(os.path.expanduser(url2pathname(parts.path)))
 
     @property
     def filepaths(self):
diff --git a/src/aiida/manage/profile_access.py b/src/aiida/manage/profile_access.py
index c65364af03..888253abd5 100644
--- a/src/aiida/manage/profile_access.py
+++ b/src/aiida/manage/profile_access.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 import contextlib
 import os
+import shutil
 import typing
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ def request_access(self) -> None:
             # it will read the incomplete command, won't be able to correctly compare it with its running
             # process, and will conclude the record is old and clean it up.
             filepath_tmp.write_text(str(self.process.cmdline()))
-            os.rename(filepath_tmp, filepath_pid)
+            shutil.move(filepath_tmp, filepath_pid)
 
             # Check again in case a lock was created in the time between the first check and creating the
             # access record file.
diff --git a/src/aiida/manage/tests/pytest_fixtures.py b/src/aiida/manage/tests/pytest_fixtures.py
index 8cc44dc608..0482334864 100644
--- a/src/aiida/manage/tests/pytest_fixtures.py
+++ b/src/aiida/manage/tests/pytest_fixtures.py
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def factory(custom_configuration: dict[str, t.Any] | None = None) -> dict[str, t
             'storage': {
                 'backend': 'core.psql_dos',
                 'config': {
-                    'repository_uri': f'file://{tmp_path_factory.mktemp("repository")}',
+                    'repository_uri': pathlib.Path(f'{tmp_path_factory.mktemp("repository")}').as_uri(),
                 },
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/abstract.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/abstract.py
index b72a51e262..82a1e3713e 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/abstract.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/abstract.py
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def can_run_on_computer(self, computer: Computer) -> bool:
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the executable that the submission script should execute to run the code.
 
         :return: The executable to be called in the submission script.
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/containerized.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/containerized.py
index b2a8a8c439..85fd539cfa 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/containerized.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/containerized.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def __init__(self, engine_command: str, image_name: str, **kwargs):
         self.image_name = image_name
 
     @property
-    def filepath_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def filepath_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the filepath of the executable that this code represents.
 
         .. note:: This is overridden from the base class since the path does not have to be absolute.
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/installed.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/installed.py
index 7546c2acb8..1db39ffa56 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/installed.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/installed.py
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ def can_run_on_computer(self, computer: Computer) -> bool:
         type_check(computer, Computer)
         return computer.pk == self.computer.pk
 
-    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the executable that the submission script should execute to run the code.
 
         :return: The executable to be called in the submission script.
@@ -207,12 +207,12 @@ def full_label(self) -> str:
         return f'{self.label}@{self.computer.label}'
 
     @property
-    def filepath_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def filepath_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the absolute filepath of the executable that this code represents.
 
         :return: The absolute filepath of the executable.
         """
-        return pathlib.PurePosixPath(self.base.attributes.get(self._KEY_ATTRIBUTE_FILEPATH_EXECUTABLE))
+        return pathlib.PurePath(self.base.attributes.get(self._KEY_ATTRIBUTE_FILEPATH_EXECUTABLE))
 
     @filepath_executable.setter
     def filepath_executable(self, value: str) -> None:
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/legacy.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/legacy.py
index 5f62b1cf97..7c0b10faff 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/legacy.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/legacy.py
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def can_run_on_computer(self, computer: Computer) -> bool:
         type_check(computer, orm.Computer)
         return computer.pk == self.get_remote_computer().pk
 
-    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the executable that the submission script should execute to run the code.
 
         :return: The executable to be called in the submission script.
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
         else:
             exec_path = self.get_remote_exec_path()
 
-        return pathlib.PurePosixPath(exec_path)
+        return pathlib.PurePath(exec_path)
 
     def hide(self):
         """Hide the code (prevents from showing it in the verdi code list)"""
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/portable.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/portable.py
index 9db96c24f8..b32a966a00 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/portable.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/code/portable.py
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def can_run_on_computer(self, computer: Computer) -> bool:
         """
         return True
 
-    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the executable that the submission script should execute to run the code.
 
         :return: The executable to be called in the submission script.
@@ -161,12 +161,12 @@ def full_label(self) -> str:
         return self.label
 
     @property
-    def filepath_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def filepath_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the relative filepath of the executable that this code represents.
 
         :return: The relative filepath of the executable.
         """
-        return pathlib.PurePosixPath(self.base.attributes.get(self._KEY_ATTRIBUTE_FILEPATH_EXECUTABLE))
+        return pathlib.PurePath(self.base.attributes.get(self._KEY_ATTRIBUTE_FILEPATH_EXECUTABLE))
 
     @filepath_executable.setter
     def filepath_executable(self, value: str) -> None:
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ def filepath_executable(self, value: str) -> None:
         """
         type_check(value, str)
 
-        if pathlib.PurePosixPath(value).is_absolute():
+        if pathlib.PurePath(value).is_absolute():
             raise ValueError('The `filepath_executable` should not be absolute.')
 
         self.base.attributes.set(self._KEY_ATTRIBUTE_FILEPATH_EXECUTABLE, value)
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/folder.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/folder.py
index c0d385c961..bc59146f62 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/folder.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/folder.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 __all__ = ('FolderData',)
 
-FilePath = t.Union[str, pathlib.PurePosixPath]
+FilePath = t.Union[str, pathlib.PurePath]
 
 
 class FolderData(Data):
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ def put_object_from_tree(self, filepath: str, path: str | None = None) -> None:
         """
         return self.base.repository.put_object_from_tree(filepath, path)
 
-    def walk(self, path: FilePath | None = None) -> t.Iterable[tuple[pathlib.PurePosixPath, list[str], list[str]]]:
+    def walk(self, path: FilePath | None = None) -> t.Iterable[tuple[pathlib.PurePath, list[str], list[str]]]:
         """Walk over the directories and files contained within this repository.
 
         .. note:: the order of the dirname and filename lists that are returned is not necessarily sorted. This is in
@@ -186,11 +186,11 @@ def walk(self, path: FilePath | None = None) -> t.Iterable[tuple[pathlib.PurePos
         :param path: the relative path of the directory within the repository whose contents to walk.
         :return: tuples of root, dirnames and filenames just like ``os.walk``, with the exception that the root path is
             always relative with respect to the repository root, instead of an absolute path and it is an instance of
-            ``pathlib.PurePosixPath`` instead of a normal string
+            ``pathlib.PurePath`` instead of a normal string
         """
         yield from self.base.repository.walk(path)
 
-    def glob(self) -> t.Iterable[pathlib.PurePosixPath]:
+    def glob(self) -> t.Iterable[pathlib.PurePath]:
         """Yield a recursive list of all paths (files and directories)."""
         yield from self.base.repository.glob()
 
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/singlefile.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/singlefile.py
index d4cc4b7095..80e1d4b847 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/singlefile.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/data/singlefile.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 __all__ = ('SinglefileData',)
 
-FilePath = t.Union[str, pathlib.PurePosixPath]
+FilePath = t.Union[str, pathlib.PurePath]
 
 
 class SinglefileData(Data):
diff --git a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/repository.py b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/repository.py
index bc24fe1377..a19e7a7ace 100644
--- a/src/aiida/orm/nodes/repository.py
+++ b/src/aiida/orm/nodes/repository.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 __all__ = ('NodeRepository',)
 
-FilePath = t.Union[str, pathlib.PurePosixPath]
+FilePath = t.Union[str, pathlib.PurePath]
 
 
 class NodeRepository:
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ def put_object_from_tree(self, filepath: str, path: str | None = None):
         self._repository.put_object_from_tree(filepath, path)
         self._update_repository_metadata()
 
-    def walk(self, path: FilePath | None = None) -> t.Iterable[tuple[pathlib.PurePosixPath, list[str], list[str]]]:
+    def walk(self, path: FilePath | None = None) -> t.Iterable[tuple[pathlib.PurePath, list[str], list[str]]]:
         """Walk over the directories and files contained within this repository.
 
         .. note:: the order of the dirname and filename lists that are returned is not necessarily sorted. This is in
@@ -326,11 +326,11 @@ def walk(self, path: FilePath | None = None) -> t.Iterable[tuple[pathlib.PurePos
         :param path: the relative path of the directory within the repository whose contents to walk.
         :return: tuples of root, dirnames and filenames just like ``os.walk``, with the exception that the root path is
             always relative with respect to the repository root, instead of an absolute path and it is an instance of
-            ``pathlib.PurePosixPath`` instead of a normal string
+            ``pathlib.PurePath`` instead of a normal string
         """
         yield from self._repository.walk(path)
 
-    def glob(self) -> t.Iterable[pathlib.PurePosixPath]:
+    def glob(self) -> t.Iterable[pathlib.PurePath]:
         """Yield a recursive list of all paths (files and directories)."""
         for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in self.walk():
             for dirname in dirnames:
diff --git a/src/aiida/repository/repository.py b/src/aiida/repository/repository.py
index 992a96447d..97455595b0 100644
--- a/src/aiida/repository/repository.py
+++ b/src/aiida/repository/repository.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 __all__ = ('Repository',)
 
-FilePath = Union[str, pathlib.PurePosixPath]
+FilePath = Union[str, pathlib.PurePath]
 
 
 class Repository:
@@ -127,23 +127,23 @@ def hash(self) -> str:
         return make_hash(objects)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _pre_process_path(path: Optional[FilePath] = None) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
-        """Validate and convert the path to instance of ``pathlib.PurePosixPath``.
+    def _pre_process_path(path: Optional[FilePath] = None) -> pathlib.PurePath:
+        """Validate and convert the path to instance of ``pathlib.PurePath``.
 
         This should be called by every method of this class before doing anything, such that it can safely assume that
-        the path is a ``pathlib.PurePosixPath`` object, which makes path manipulation a lot easier.
+        the path is a ``pathlib.PurePath`` object, which makes path manipulation a lot easier.
 
-        :param path: the path as a ``pathlib.PurePosixPath`` object or `None`.
-        :raises TypeError: if the type of path was not a str nor a ``pathlib.PurePosixPath`` instance.
+        :param path: the path as a ``pathlib.PurePath`` object or `None`.
+        :raises TypeError: if the type of path was not a str nor a ``pathlib.PurePath`` instance.
         """
         if path is None:
-            return pathlib.PurePosixPath()
+            return pathlib.PurePath()
 
         if isinstance(path, str):
-            path = pathlib.PurePosixPath(path)
+            path = pathlib.PurePath(path)
 
-        if not isinstance(path, pathlib.PurePosixPath):
-            raise TypeError('path is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePosixPath`.')
+        if not isinstance(path, pathlib.PurePath):
+            raise TypeError('path is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePath`.')
 
         if path.is_absolute():
             raise TypeError(f'path `{path}` is not a relative path.')
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ def set_backend(self, backend: AbstractRepositoryBackend) -> None:
         type_check(backend, AbstractRepositoryBackend)
         self._backend = backend
 
-    def _insert_file(self, path: pathlib.PurePosixPath, key: str) -> None:
+    def _insert_file(self, path: pathlib.PurePath, key: str) -> None:
         """Insert a new file object in the object mapping.
 
         .. note:: this assumes the path is a valid relative path, so should be checked by the caller.
@@ -334,10 +334,10 @@ def put_object_from_tree(self, filepath: FilePath, path: Optional[FilePath] = No
         path = self._pre_process_path(path)
 
         if isinstance(filepath, str):
-            filepath = pathlib.PurePosixPath(filepath)
+            filepath = pathlib.PurePath(filepath)
 
-        if not isinstance(filepath, pathlib.PurePosixPath):
-            raise TypeError(f'filepath `{filepath}` is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePosixPath`.')
+        if not isinstance(filepath, pathlib.PurePath):
+            raise TypeError(f'filepath `{filepath}` is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePath`.')
 
         if not filepath.is_absolute():
             raise TypeError(f'filepath `{filepath}` is not an absolute path.')
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ def put_object_from_tree(self, filepath: FilePath, path: Optional[FilePath] = No
             self.create_directory(path)
 
         for root_str, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(filepath):
-            root = pathlib.PurePosixPath(root_str)
+            root = pathlib.PurePath(root_str)
 
             for dirname in dirnames:
                 self.create_directory(path / root.relative_to(filepath) / dirname)
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ def clone(self, source: 'Repository') -> None:
                 with source.open(root / filename) as handle:
                     self.put_object_from_filelike(handle, root / filename)
 
-    def walk(self, path: Optional[FilePath] = None) -> Iterable[Tuple[pathlib.PurePosixPath, List[str], List[str]]]:
+    def walk(self, path: Optional[FilePath] = None) -> Iterable[Tuple[pathlib.PurePath, List[str], List[str]]]:
         """Walk over the directories and files contained within this repository.
 
         .. note:: the order of the dirname and filename lists that are returned is not necessarily sorted. This is in
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ def walk(self, path: Optional[FilePath] = None) -> Iterable[Tuple[pathlib.PurePo
         :param path: the relative path of the directory within the repository whose contents to walk.
         :return: tuples of root, dirnames and filenames just like ``os.walk``, with the exception that the root path is
             always relative with respect to the repository root, instead of an absolute path and it is an instance of
-            ``pathlib.PurePosixPath`` instead of a normal string
+            ``pathlib.PurePath`` instead of a normal string
         """
         path = self._pre_process_path(path)
 
diff --git a/src/aiida/storage/psql_dos/backend.py b/src/aiida/storage/psql_dos/backend.py
index b0d2dc813a..0acb746173 100644
--- a/src/aiida/storage/psql_dos/backend.py
+++ b/src/aiida/storage/psql_dos/backend.py
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 def get_filepath_container(profile: Profile) -> pathlib.Path:
     """Return the filepath of the disk-object store container."""
     from urllib.parse import urlparse
+    from urllib.request import url2pathname
 
     try:
         parts = urlparse(profile.storage_config['repository_uri'])
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ def get_filepath_container(profile: Profile) -> pathlib.Path:
             f'invalid profile {profile.name}: `storage.config.repository_uri` does not start with `file://`.'
         )
 
-    filepath = pathlib.Path(parts.path)
+    filepath = pathlib.Path(url2pathname(parts.path))
 
     if not filepath.is_absolute():
         raise ConfigurationError(f'invalid profile {profile.name}: `storage.config.repository_uri` is not absolute')
diff --git a/src/aiida/storage/sqlite_zip/migrations/legacy_to_main.py b/src/aiida/storage/sqlite_zip/migrations/legacy_to_main.py
index b6f40f7e98..1194104565 100644
--- a/src/aiida/storage/sqlite_zip/migrations/legacy_to_main.py
+++ b/src/aiida/storage/sqlite_zip/migrations/legacy_to_main.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from datetime import datetime
 from hashlib import sha256
-from pathlib import Path, PurePosixPath
+from pathlib import Path, PurePath
 from typing import Any, Callable, ContextManager, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 from archive_path import ZipPath
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def _in_archive_context(_inpath):
                 if len(parts) < 6 or parts[0] != 'nodes' or parts[4] not in ('raw_input', 'path'):
                     continue
                 uuid = ''.join(parts[1:4])
-                posix_rel = PurePosixPath(*parts[5:])
+                posix_rel = PurePath(*parts[5:])
                 hashkey = None
                 if subpath.is_file():
                     with subpath.open('rb') as handle:
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def _create_repo_metadata(paths: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]) -> Dict[str, A
     """
     top_level = File()
     for _path, hashkey in paths:
-        path = PurePosixPath(_path)
+        path = PurePath(_path)
         if hashkey is None:
             _create_directory(top_level, path)
         else:
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ def _create_repo_metadata(paths: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]]) -> Dict[str, A
     return top_level.serialize()
 
 
-def _create_directory(top_level: File, path: PurePosixPath) -> File:
+def _create_directory(top_level: File, path: PurePath) -> File:
     """Create a new directory with the given path.
 
     :param path: the relative path of the directory.
diff --git a/src/aiida/tools/pytest_fixtures/storage.py b/src/aiida/tools/pytest_fixtures/storage.py
index dd47ad0f21..537fad4141 100644
--- a/src/aiida/tools/pytest_fixtures/storage.py
+++ b/src/aiida/tools/pytest_fixtures/storage.py
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def factory(
             database_username=database_username,
             database_password=database_password,
         )
-        storage_config['repository_uri'] = f'file://{tmp_path_factory.mktemp("repository")}'
+        storage_config['repository_uri'] = pathlib.Path(f'{tmp_path_factory.mktemp("repository")}').as_uri()
 
         return storage_config
 
diff --git a/src/aiida/transports/plugins/local.py b/src/aiida/transports/plugins/local.py
index c0915cf84b..71cc422a51 100644
--- a/src/aiida/transports/plugins/local.py
+++ b/src/aiida/transports/plugins/local.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 import os
 import shutil
 import subprocess
+import sys
 from typing import Optional
 
 from aiida.common.warnings import warn_deprecation
@@ -777,9 +778,14 @@ def _exec_command_internal(self, command, workdir: Optional[TransportPath] = Non
         else:
             cwd = self.getcwd()
 
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            shell = False
+        else:
+            shell = True
+
         with subprocess.Popen(
             command,
-            shell=True,
+            shell=shell,
             stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
             stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
diff --git a/src/aiida/transports/transport.py b/src/aiida/transports/transport.py
index bffa10957b..2f19669a18 100644
--- a/src/aiida/transports/transport.py
+++ b/src/aiida/transports/transport.py
@@ -500,7 +500,18 @@ def exec_command_wait(
             command=command, stdin=stdin, workdir=workdir, **kwargs
         )
         # Return the decoded strings
-        return (retval, stdout_bytes.decode(encoding), stderr_bytes.decode(encoding))
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            import chardet
+
+            outenc = chardet.detect(stdout_bytes)['encoding']
+            errenc = chardet.detect(stderr_bytes)['encoding']
+            if outenc is None:
+                outenc = 'utf-8'
+            if errenc is None:
+                errenc = 'utf-8'
+            return (retval, stdout_bytes.decode(outenc), stderr_bytes.decode(errenc))
+        else:
+            return (retval, stdout_bytes.decode(encoding), stderr_bytes.decode(encoding))
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def get(self, remotepath: TransportPath, localpath: TransportPath, *args, **kwargs):
diff --git a/tests/orm/data/code/test_abstract.py b/tests/orm/data/code/test_abstract.py
index 0985f90f40..6c16ee1cf3 100644
--- a/tests/orm/data/code/test_abstract.py
+++ b/tests/orm/data/code/test_abstract.py
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ def can_run_on_computer(self, computer) -> bool:
         """Return whether the code can run on a given computer."""
         return True
 
-    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePosixPath:
+    def get_executable(self) -> pathlib.PurePath:
         """Return the executable that the submission script should execute to run the code."""
-        return pathlib.PurePosixPath('/bin/executable')
+        return pathlib.PurePath('/bin/executable')
 
     @property
     def full_label(self) -> str:
diff --git a/tests/repository/test_repository.py b/tests/repository/test_repository.py
index f86b2456a8..ca10aa11a4 100644
--- a/tests/repository/test_repository.py
+++ b/tests/repository/test_repository.py
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def test_initialise(repository_uninitialised):
 
 def test_pre_process_path():
     """Test the ``Repository.pre_process_path`` classmethod."""
-    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r'path is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePosixPath`.'):
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r'path is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePath`.'):
         Repository._pre_process_path(path=1)
 
     with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r'path `.*` is not a relative path.'):
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ def test_put_object_from_filelike(repository, generate_directory):
 
 def test_put_object_from_tree_raises(repository):
     """Test the ``Repository.put_object_from_tree`` method when it should raise."""
-    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r'filepath `.*` is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePosixPath`.'):
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r'filepath `.*` is not of type `str` nor `pathlib.PurePath`.'):
         repository.put_object_from_tree(None)
 
     with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r'filepath `.*` is not an absolute path.'):
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index c4381b42de..93b34c4cc5 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "alembic" },
     { name = "archive-path" },
     { name = "asyncssh" },
+    { name = "chardet", marker = "sys_platform == 'win32'" },
     { name = "circus" },
     { name = "click" },
     { name = "click-spinner" },
@@ -171,6 +172,7 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "ase", marker = "extra == 'atomic-tools'", specifier = "~=3.18" },
     { name = "asyncssh", specifier = "~=2.19.0" },
     { name = "bpython", marker = "extra == 'bpython'", specifier = "~=0.18.0" },
+    { name = "chardet", marker = "sys_platform == 'win32'", specifier = "~=5.2.0" },
     { name = "circus", specifier = "~=0.18.0" },
     { name = "click", specifier = "~=8.1" },
     { name = "click-spinner", specifier = "~=0.1.8" },
@@ -673,6 +675,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c5/55/51844dd50c4fc7a33b653bfaba4c2456f06955289ca770a5dbd5fd267374/cfgv-3.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:b7265b1f29fd3316bfcd2b330d63d024f2bfd8bcb8b0272f8e19a504856c48f9", size = 7249 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "chardet"
+version = "5.2.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f3/0d/f7b6ab21ec75897ed80c17d79b15951a719226b9fababf1e40ea74d69079/chardet-5.2.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:1b3b6ff479a8c414bc3fa2c0852995695c4a026dcd6d0633b2dd092ca39c1cf7", size = 2069618 }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/38/6f/f5fbc992a329ee4e0f288c1fe0e2ad9485ed064cac731ed2fe47dcc38cbf/chardet-5.2.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:e1cf59446890a00105fe7b7912492ea04b6e6f06d4b742b2c788469e34c82970", size = 199385 },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "charset-normalizer"
 version = "3.4.1"
@@ -3099,7 +3110,7 @@ name = "pexpect"
 version = "4.9.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
-    { name = "ptyprocess" },
+    { name = "ptyprocess", marker = "python_full_version < '3.10' or sys_platform != 'win32'" },
 ]
 sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/42/92/cc564bf6381ff43ce1f4d06852fc19a2f11d180f23dc32d9588bee2f149d/pexpect-4.9.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:ee7d41123f3c9911050ea2c2dac107568dc43b2d3b0c7557a33212c398ead30f", size = 166450 }
 wheels = [