code/Enron_Project_Notebook.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h2>Python for Data Science \n",
    "    Final Project</h2>\n",
    "\n",
    "<h3>Machine Learning to Identify Fraud in the Enron Corpus</h3>\n",
    "\n",
    "**1. Context**\n",
    "\n",
    "In late 2001, Enron, an American energy company, filed for bankruptcy after one of the largest financial scandals in corporate history. After the company's collapse, over 600,000 emails generated by 158 Enron employees - now known as the Enron Corpus - were acquired by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission during its investigation. The data was then uploaded online, and since then, a number of people and organizations have graciously prepared, cleaned and organized the dataset that is available to the public today (a few years later, financial data of top Enron executives were released following their trial).\n",
    "\n",
    "**2. Project** \n",
    "\n",
    "The aim of this project is to apply machine learning techniques to build a predictive model that identifies Enron employees that may have committed fraud based on their financial and email data.<br>\n",
    "**The objective is to get a precision and recall score of at least 0.42** "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import sys\n",
    "import pickle\n",
    "sys.path.append(\"../tools/\")\n",
    "from feature_format import featureFormat, targetFeatureSplit\n",
    "from tester import dump_classifier_and_data\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import sys\n",
    "import pickle\n",
    "import csv\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "\n",
    "sys.path.append(\"../tools/\")\n",
    "from feature_format import featureFormat, targetFeatureSplit\n",
    "#from poi_data import *\n",
    "from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectKBest\n",
    "from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline\n",
    "from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedShuffleSplit\n",
    "\n",
    "from numpy import mean\n",
    "\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import cross_validate\n",
    "\n",
    "from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, precision_score, recall_score"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h3>Task 1: Select what features we'll use</h3><br>\n",
    "</br>Features of this dataset fall into three major types, namely financial features, email features and POI labels as the target feature."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "target_label = 'poi'\n",
    "\n",
    "email_features_list = [\n",
    "    'from_messages',\n",
    "    'from_poi_to_this_person',\n",
    "    'from_this_person_to_poi',\n",
    "    'shared_receipt_with_poi',\n",
    "    'to_messages',\n",
    "    ]\n",
    "    \n",
    "financial_features_list = [\n",
    "    'bonus',\n",
    "    'deferral_payments',\n",
    "    'deferred_income',\n",
    "    'director_fees',\n",
    "    'exercised_stock_options',\n",
    "    'expenses',\n",
    "    'loan_advances',\n",
    "    'long_term_incentive',\n",
    "    'other',\n",
    "    'restricted_stock',\n",
    "    'restricted_stock_deferred',\n",
    "    'salary',\n",
    "    'total_payments',\n",
    "    'total_stock_value',\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "features_list = [target_label] + financial_features_list + email_features_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['poi', 'bonus', 'deferral_payments', 'deferred_income', 'director_fees', 'exercised_stock_options', 'expenses', 'loan_advances', 'long_term_incentive', 'other', 'restricted_stock', 'restricted_stock_deferred', 'salary', 'total_payments', 'total_stock_value', 'from_messages', 'from_poi_to_this_person', 'from_this_person_to_poi', 'shared_receipt_with_poi', 'to_messages']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(features_list)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### Load the dictionary containing the dataset\n",
    "with open(\"final_project_dataset.pkl\", \"rb\") as data_file:\n",
    "    data_dict = pickle.load(data_file)\n",
    "    \n",
    "### 1.1.0 Explore csv file \n",
    "def make_csv(data_dict):\n",
    "    \"\"\" generates a csv file from a data set\"\"\"\n",
    "    fieldnames = ['name'] + data_dict.itervalues().next().keys()\n",
    "    with open('data.csv', 'w') as csvfile:\n",
    "        writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)\n",
    "        writer.writeheader()\n",
    "        for record in data_dict:\n",
    "            person = data_dict[record]\n",
    "            person['name'] = record\n",
    "            assert set(person.keys()) == set(fieldnames)\n",
    "            writer.writerow(person)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'METTS MARK': {'salary': 365788,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 807,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1061827,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.metts@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 585062,\n",
       "  'expenses': 94299,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 38,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 29,\n",
       "  'other': 1740,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 702,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 585062,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BAXTER JOHN C': {'salary': 267102,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 1295738,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 5634343,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -1386055,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 10623258,\n",
       "  'expenses': 11200,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 6680544,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 2660303,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1586055,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 3942714,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'ELLIOTT STEVEN': {'salary': 170941,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 211725,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 350000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'steven.elliott@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -400729,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6678735,\n",
       "  'expenses': 78552,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4890344,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 12961,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1788391,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'CORDES WILLIAM R': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 764,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'bill.cordes@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1038185,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 651850,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 12,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 58,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 386335,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HANNON KEVIN P': {'salary': 243293,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1045,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 288682,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kevin.hannon@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -3117011,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6391065,\n",
       "  'expenses': 34039,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 32,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 5538001,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 32,\n",
       "  'other': 11350,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 21,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1617011,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1035,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 853064,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MORDAUNT KRISTINA M': {'salary': 267093,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 628522,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 325000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kristina.mordaunt@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 208510,\n",
       "  'expenses': 35018,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 1411,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 208510,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MEYER ROCKFORD G': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 232,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 1848227,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1848227,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rockford.meyer@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 955873,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 493489,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 28,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 22,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 462384,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MCMAHON JEFFREY': {'salary': 370448,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2355,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 4099771,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 2600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeffrey.mcmahon@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1662855,\n",
       "  'expenses': 137108,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 58,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1104054,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 48,\n",
       "  'other': 297353,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 26,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 694862,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2228,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 558801,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HAEDICKE MARK E': {'salary': 374125,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 4009,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 2157527,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3859065,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1150000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.haedicke@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -329825,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -934484,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 803094,\n",
       "  'expenses': 76169,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 180,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 608750,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1941,\n",
       "  'other': 52382,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 61,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 983346,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1847,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 524169,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'PIPER GREGORY F': {'salary': 197091,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1238,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 1130036,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1737629,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 400000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'greg.piper@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -409554,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -33333,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 880290,\n",
       "  'expenses': 43057,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 61,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 880290,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 222,\n",
       "  'other': 778,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 48,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 742,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 409554,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HUMPHREY GENE E': {'salary': 130724,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 128,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 2964506,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3100224,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'gene.humphrey@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2282768,\n",
       "  'expenses': 4994,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2282768,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 17,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 17,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 119,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'NOLES JAMES L': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 774401,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 774401,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -94556,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 368705,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 463261,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BLACHMAN JEREMY M': {'salary': 248546,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2475,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2014835,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 850000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeremy.blachman@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 954354,\n",
       "  'expenses': 84208,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 25,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 765313,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 14,\n",
       "  'other': 272,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 2,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 831809,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2326,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 189041,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SUNDE MARTIN': {'salary': 257486,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2647,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1545059,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'marty.sunde@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 698920,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 37,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 38,\n",
       "  'other': 111122,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 13,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 476451,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2565,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 698920,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GIBBS DANA R': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 169,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 504610,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 966522,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'dana.gibbs@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2218275,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2218275,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 12,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 461912,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 23,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LOWRY CHARLES P': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -153686,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 372205,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 372205,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 153686,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'COLWELL WESLEY': {'salary': 288542,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1758,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 27610,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1490344,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'wes.colwell@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -144062,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 698242,\n",
       "  'expenses': 16514,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 240,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 40,\n",
       "  'other': 101740,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 11,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1132,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 698242,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MULLER MARK S': {'salary': 251654,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 136,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 842924,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3202070,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 's..muller@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -719000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1416848,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 12,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1056320,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 16,\n",
       "  'other': 947,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1725545,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 114,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 360528,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'JACKSON CHARLENE R': {'salary': 288558,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 258,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 551174,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 250000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'charlene.jackson@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 725735,\n",
       "  'expenses': 10181,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 25,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 185063,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 56,\n",
       "  'other': 2435,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 19,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 117,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 540672,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WESTFAHL RICHARD K': {'salary': 63744,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 762135,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'dick.westfahl@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -10800,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 384930,\n",
       "  'expenses': 51870,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 401130,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 256191,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 384930,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WALTERS GARETH W': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 53625,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 87410,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1030329,\n",
       "  'expenses': 33785,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1030329,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WALLS JR ROBERT H': {'salary': 357091,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 671,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1798780,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 850000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rob.walls@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 5898997,\n",
       "  'expenses': 50936,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 17,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4346544,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 146,\n",
       "  'other': 2,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 540751,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 215,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1552453,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'KITCHEN LOUISE': {'salary': 271442,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 8305,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3471141,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 3100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'louise.kitchen@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 547143,\n",
       "  'expenses': 5774,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 251,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 81042,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1728,\n",
       "  'other': 93925,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 194,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 3669,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 466101,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'CHAN RONNIE': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -32460,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -98784,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 32460,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 98784},\n",
       " 'BELFER ROBERT': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': -102500,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 102500,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 44093,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': -44093,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 3285,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 3285},\n",
       " 'SHANKMAN JEFFREY A': {'salary': 304110,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3221,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3038702,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 2000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeffrey.shankman@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2072035,\n",
       "  'expenses': 178979,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 94,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1441898,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 2681,\n",
       "  'other': 1191,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 83,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 554422,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1730,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 630137,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WODRASKA JOHN': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 189583,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'john.wodraska@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 189583,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BERGSIEKER RICHARD P': {'salary': 187922,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 383,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 618850,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 250000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rick.bergsieker@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -485813,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 659249,\n",
       "  'expenses': 59175,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 4,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 59,\n",
       "  'other': 427316,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 180250,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 233,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 659249,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'URQUHART JOHN A': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 228656,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -36666,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 228656,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 36666},\n",
       " 'BIBI PHILIPPE A': {'salary': 213625,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1607,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2047593,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'philippe.bibi@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1843816,\n",
       "  'expenses': 38559,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 23,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1465734,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 40,\n",
       "  'other': 425688,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 8,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 369721,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1336,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 378082,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'RIEKER PAULA H': {'salary': 249201,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1328,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 214678,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1099100,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'paula.rieker@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -100000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1918887,\n",
       "  'expenses': 33271,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 35,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1635238,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 82,\n",
       "  'other': 1950,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 48,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1258,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 283649,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WHALEY DAVID A': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 98718,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 98718,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BECK SALLY W': {'salary': 231330,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 7315,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 969068,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'sally.beck@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 126027,\n",
       "  'expenses': 37172,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 144,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 4343,\n",
       "  'other': 566,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 386,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2639,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 126027,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HAUG DAVID L': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 573,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 475,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'david.haug@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2217299,\n",
       "  'expenses': 475,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 4,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 19,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 7,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 471,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2217299,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'ECHOLS JOHN B': {'salary': 182245,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2692324,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'john.echols@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1008941,\n",
       "  'expenses': 21530,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 601438,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 53775,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 2234774,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 407503,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MENDELSOHN JOHN': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 148,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -103750,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 148,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 103750},\n",
       " 'HICKERSON GARY J': {'salary': 211788,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1320,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2081796,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'gary.hickerson@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 441096,\n",
       "  'expenses': 98849,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 40,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 27,\n",
       "  'other': 1936,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 69223,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 900,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 441096,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'CLINE KENNETH W': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -472568,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 189518,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 662086,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LEWIS RICHARD': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 952,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'richard.lewis@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 850477,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 850477,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 26,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 739,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HAYES ROBERT E': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 504,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 7961,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 7961,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'robert.hayes@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 151418,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 16,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 12,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 50,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 151418,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'KOPPER MICHAEL J': {'salary': 224305,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2652612,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 800000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'michael.kopper@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 985032,\n",
       "  'expenses': 118134,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 907502,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 602671,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 985032,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LEFF DANIEL P': {'salary': 273746,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2822,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2664228,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'dan.leff@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 360528,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 67,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 63,\n",
       "  'other': 3083,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 14,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1387399,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2672,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 360528,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LAVORATO JOHN J': {'salary': 339288,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 7259,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 10425757,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 8000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'john.lavorato@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 5167144,\n",
       "  'expenses': 49537,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 528,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4158995,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 2585,\n",
       "  'other': 1552,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 411,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 2035380,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 3962,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1008149,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BERBERIAN DAVID': {'salary': 216582,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 228474,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'david.berberian@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2493616,\n",
       "  'expenses': 11892,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1624396,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 869220,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DETMERING TIMOTHY J': {'salary': 210500,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 875307,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1204583,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 425000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'timothy.detmering@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -315068,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -775241,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2027865,\n",
       "  'expenses': 52255,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2027865,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 1105,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 415657,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 315068,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WAKEHAM JOHN': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 213071,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 103773,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 109298},\n",
       " 'POWERS WILLIAM': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 653,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'ken.powers@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -17500,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 26,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 12,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 17500},\n",
       " 'GOLD JOSEPH': {'salary': 272880,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2146973,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 750000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'joe.gold@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 877611,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 436515,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 819288,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 304805,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 441096,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BANNANTINE JAMES M': {'salary': 477,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 566,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 916197,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'james.bannantine@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -560222,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -5104,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 5243487,\n",
       "  'expenses': 56301,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 39,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4046157,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 29,\n",
       "  'other': 864523,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 465,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1757552,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DUNCAN JOHN H': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 77492,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -25000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 371750,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 371750,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 102492},\n",
       " 'SHAPIRO RICHARD S': {'salary': 269076,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 15149,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1057548,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 650000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'richard.shapiro@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 987001,\n",
       "  'expenses': 137767,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 74,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 607837,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1215,\n",
       "  'other': 705,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 65,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 4527,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 379164,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SHERRIFF JOHN R': {'salary': 428780,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3187,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 4335388,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'john.sherriff@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3128982,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 28,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1835558,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 92,\n",
       "  'other': 1852186,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 23,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 554422,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2103,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1293424,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SHELBY REX': {'salary': 211844,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 225,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2003885,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rex.shelby@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -4167,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2493616,\n",
       "  'expenses': 22884,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 13,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1624396,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 39,\n",
       "  'other': 1573324,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 14,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 91,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 869220,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LEMAISTRE CHARLES': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 87492,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -25000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 412878,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 412878,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 112492},\n",
       " 'DEFFNER JOSEPH M': {'salary': 206121,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 714,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1208649,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'joseph.deffner@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 159211,\n",
       "  'expenses': 41626,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 115,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 17378,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 74,\n",
       "  'other': 25553,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 4,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 335349,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 552,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 141833,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'KISHKILL JOSEPH G': {'salary': 174246,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 704896,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'joe.kishkill@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -51042,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1034346,\n",
       "  'expenses': 116335,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 465357,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1034346,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WHALLEY LAWRENCE G': {'salary': 510364,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 6019,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 4677574,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 3000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'greg.whalley@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6079137,\n",
       "  'expenses': 57838,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 186,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 3282960,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 556,\n",
       "  'other': 301026,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 24,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 808346,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 3920,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2796177,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MCCONNELL MICHAEL S': {'salary': 365038,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3329,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2101364,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mike.mcconnell@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3101279,\n",
       "  'expenses': 81364,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 92,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1623010,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 2742,\n",
       "  'other': 540,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 194,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 554422,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2189,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1478269,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'PIRO JIM': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 58,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jim.piro@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 47304,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 16,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 3,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 47304,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DELAINEY DAVID W': {'salary': 365163,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3093,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 4747979,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 3000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'david.delainey@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3614261,\n",
       "  'expenses': 86174,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 66,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2291113,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 3069,\n",
       "  'other': 1661,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 609,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1294981,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2097,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1323148,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SULLIVAN-SHAKLOVITZ COLLEEN': {'salary': 162779,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 181993,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 999356,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1362375,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1362375,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 162,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 554422,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WROBEL BRUCE': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 139130,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 139130,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LINDHOLM TOD A': {'salary': 236457,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 204075,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 875889,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'tod.lindholm@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3064208,\n",
       "  'expenses': 57727,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2549361,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 2630,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 175000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 514847,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MEYER JEROME J': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2151,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -38346,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 2151,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 38346},\n",
       " 'LAY KENNETH L': {'salary': 1072321,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 4273,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 202911,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 103559793,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 81525000,\n",
       "  'bonus': 7000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kenneth.lay@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -300000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 49110078,\n",
       "  'expenses': 99832,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 123,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 34348384,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 36,\n",
       "  'other': 10359729,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 16,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 3600000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2411,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 14761694,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BUTTS ROBERT H': {'salary': 261516,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1271582,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 750000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'bob.butts@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -75000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 417619,\n",
       "  'expenses': 9410,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 150656,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 175000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 417619,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'OLSON CINDY K': {'salary': 329078,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1184,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 77716,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1321557,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 750000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'cindy.olson@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2606763,\n",
       "  'expenses': 63791,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 20,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1637034,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 52,\n",
       "  'other': 972,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 15,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 100000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 856,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 969729,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MCDONALD REBECCA': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 894,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rebecca.mcdonald@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1691366,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 54,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 757301,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 13,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 720,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 934065,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'CUMBERLAND MICHAEL S': {'salary': 184899,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 807956,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 325000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 207940,\n",
       "  'expenses': 22344,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 713,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 275000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 207940,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GAHN ROBERT S': {'salary': 192008,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 73122,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 900585,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 509870,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -1042,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 318607,\n",
       "  'expenses': 50080,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 83237,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 76547,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 235370,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BADUM JAMES P': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 178980,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 182466,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 257817,\n",
       "  'expenses': 3486,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 257817,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HERMANN ROBERT J': {'salary': 262663,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1297461,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'robert.hermann@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -280000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 668132,\n",
       "  'expenses': 48357,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 187500,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 416441,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 150000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 480632,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'FALLON JAMES B': {'salary': 304588,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1755,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3676340,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 2500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jim.fallon@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2332399,\n",
       "  'expenses': 95924,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 42,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 940257,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 75,\n",
       "  'other': 401481,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 37,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 374347,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1604,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1392142,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GATHMANN WILLIAM D': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -72419,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1945360,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1753766,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 264013,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HORTON STANLEY C': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2350,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 3131860,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3131860,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'stanley.horton@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 7256648,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 44,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 5210569,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1073,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 15,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1074,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2046079,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BOWEN JR RAYMOND M': {'salary': 278601,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1858,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2669589,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1350000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'raymond.bowen@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -833,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 252055,\n",
       "  'expenses': 65907,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 140,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 27,\n",
       "  'other': 1621,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 15,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 974293,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1593,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 252055,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GILLIS JOHN': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 85641,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 9803,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 75838,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'FITZGERALD JAY L': {'salary': 199157,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 936,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1414857,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 350000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jay.fitzgerald@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1621236,\n",
       "  'expenses': 23870,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 1,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 664461,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 16,\n",
       "  'other': 285414,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 8,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 556416,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 723,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 956775,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MORAN MICHAEL P': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 672,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'michael.moran@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 221141,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 59539,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 19,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 127,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 161602,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'REDMOND BRIAN L': {'salary': 96840,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1671,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 111529,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'brian.redmond@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 7890324,\n",
       "  'expenses': 14689,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 204,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 7509039,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 221,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 49,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1063,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 381285,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BAZELIDES PHILIP J': {'salary': 80818,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 684694,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 860136,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1599641,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1599641,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 874,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 93750,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BELDEN TIMOTHY N': {'salary': 213999,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 7991,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 2144013,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 5501630,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 5249999,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'tim.belden@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -2334434,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1110705,\n",
       "  'expenses': 17355,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 228,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 953136,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 484,\n",
       "  'other': 210698,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 108,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 5521,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 157569,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DIMICHELE RICHARD G': {'salary': 262788,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2368151,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'richard.dimichele@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 8317782,\n",
       "  'expenses': 35812,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 8191755,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 374689,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 694862,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 126027,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DURAN WILLIAM D': {'salary': 210692,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 904,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2093263,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 750000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'w.duran@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1640910,\n",
       "  'expenses': 25785,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 106,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1451869,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 12,\n",
       "  'other': 1568,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 3,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1105218,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 599,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 189041,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'THORN TERENCE H': {'salary': 222093,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 266,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 16586,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 911453,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'terence.thorn@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 4817796,\n",
       "  'expenses': 46145,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4452476,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 41,\n",
       "  'other': 426629,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 200000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 73,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 365320,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'FASTOW ANDREW S': {'salary': 440698,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2424083,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1300000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'andrew.fastow@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -1386055,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1794412,\n",
       "  'expenses': 55921,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 277464,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1736055,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1794412,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'FOY JOE': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 57,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 181755,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 181755,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'tracy.foy@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 343434,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 343434,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 13,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'CALGER CHRISTOPHER F': {'salary': 240189,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2598,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1639297,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1250000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'christopher.calger@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -262500,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 126027,\n",
       "  'expenses': 35818,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 199,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 144,\n",
       "  'other': 486,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 25,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 375304,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2188,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 126027,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'RICE KENNETH D': {'salary': 420636,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 905,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 505050,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1750000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'ken.rice@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -3504386,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 22542539,\n",
       "  'expenses': 46950,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 42,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 19794175,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 18,\n",
       "  'other': 174839,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 4,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1617011,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 864,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2748364,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'KAMINSKI WINCENTY J': {'salary': 275101,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 4607,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1086821,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 400000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'vince.kaminski@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 976037,\n",
       "  'expenses': 83585,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 41,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 850010,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 14368,\n",
       "  'other': 4669,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 171,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 323466,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 583,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 126027,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'LOCKHART EUGENE E': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'COX DAVID': {'salary': 314288,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 102,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1101393,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 800000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'chip.cox@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -41250,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 495633,\n",
       "  'expenses': 27861,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 117551,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 33,\n",
       "  'other': 494,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 4,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 71,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 378082,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'OVERDYKE JR JERE C': {'salary': 94941,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 249787,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jere.overdyke@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 7307594,\n",
       "  'expenses': 18834,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 5266578,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 176,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 135836,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2041016,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'PEREIRA PAULO V. FERRAZ': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 27942,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -101250,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 27942,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 101250},\n",
       " 'STABLER FRANK': {'salary': 239502,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1112087,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'frank.stabler@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 511734,\n",
       "  'expenses': 16514,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 356071,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 511734,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SKILLING JEFFREY K': {'salary': 1111258,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3627,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 8682716,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 5600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeff.skilling@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 26093672,\n",
       "  'expenses': 29336,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 88,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 19250000,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 108,\n",
       "  'other': 22122,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 30,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1920000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2042,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 6843672,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BLAKE JR. NORMAN P': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1279,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -113784,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 1279,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 113784},\n",
       " 'SHERRICK JEFFREY B': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 613,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeffrey.sherrick@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1832468,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 39,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1426469,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 25,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 18,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 583,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 405999,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'PRENTICE JAMES': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 564348,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 564348,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'james.prentice@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1095040,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 886231,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 208809,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GRAY RODNEY': {'salary': 6615,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 93585,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1146658,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 680833,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 365625,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'THE TRAVEL AGENCY IN THE PARK': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 362096,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 362096,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'UMANOFF ADAM S': {'salary': 288589,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 111,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1130461,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 788750,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'adam.umanoff@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 53122,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 12,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 18,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 41,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'KEAN STEVEN J': {'salary': 404338,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 12754,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1747522,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'steven.kean@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6153642,\n",
       "  'expenses': 41953,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 140,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2022048,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 6759,\n",
       "  'other': 1231,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 387,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 300000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 3639,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 4131594,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'TOTAL': {'salary': 26704229,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 32083396,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 309886585,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 83925000,\n",
       "  'bonus': 97343619,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -7576788,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -27992891,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 434509511,\n",
       "  'expenses': 5235198,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 311764000,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 42667589,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 48521928,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 130322299,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 1398517},\n",
       " 'FOWLER PEGGY': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 517,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kulvinder.fowler@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1884748,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1324578,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 36,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 10,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 560170,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WASAFF GEORGE': {'salary': 259996,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 400,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 831299,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1034395,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 325000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'george.wasaff@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -583325,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2056427,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 22,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1668260,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 30,\n",
       "  'other': 1425,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 7,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 200000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 337,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 388167,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'WHITE JR THOMAS E': {'salary': 317543,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1934359,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 450000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'thomas.white@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 15144123,\n",
       "  'expenses': 81353,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1297049,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 1085463,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 13847074,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'CHRISTODOULOU DIOMEDES': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'diomedes.christodoulou@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6077885,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 5127155,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 950730,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'ALLEN PHILLIP K': {'salary': 201955,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2902,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 2869717,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 4484442,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 4175000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'phillip.allen@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -126027,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -3081055,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1729541,\n",
       "  'expenses': 13868,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 47,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1729541,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 2195,\n",
       "  'other': 152,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 65,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 304805,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1407,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 126027,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SHARP VICTORIA T': {'salary': 248146,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3136,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 187469,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1576511,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'vicki.sharp@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 494136,\n",
       "  'expenses': 116337,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 24,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 281073,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 136,\n",
       "  'other': 2401,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 6,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 422158,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2477,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 213063,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'JAEDICKE ROBERT': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 83750,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -44093,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -25000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 431750,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 431750,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 44093,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 108750},\n",
       " 'WINOKUR JR. HERBERT S': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 84992,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -25000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 1413,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 108579},\n",
       " 'BROWN MICHAEL': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1486,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 49288,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'michael.brown@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 49288,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 13,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 41,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 761,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MCCLELLAN GEORGE': {'salary': 263413,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1744,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1318763,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 900000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'george.mcclellan@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -125000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 947861,\n",
       "  'expenses': 228763,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 52,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 506765,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 49,\n",
       "  'other': 51587,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1469,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 441096,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HUGHES JAMES A': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 719,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'james.hughes@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1118394,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 35,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 754966,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 34,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 5,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 589,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 363428,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'REYNOLDS LAWRENCE': {'salary': 76399,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 51365,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 394475,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -140264,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -200000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 4221891,\n",
       "  'expenses': 8409,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4160672,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 202052,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 156250,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 201483,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'PICKERING MARK R': {'salary': 655037,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 898,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1386690,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 400000,\n",
       "  'bonus': 300000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.pickering@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 28798,\n",
       "  'expenses': 31653,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 7,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 28798,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 67,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 728,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BHATNAGAR SANJAY': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 523,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 15456290,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'sanjay.bhatnagar@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 15456290,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2604490,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 29,\n",
       "  'other': 137864,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 463,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': -2604490,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 137864},\n",
       " 'CARTER REBECCA C': {'salary': 261809,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 312,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 477557,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 300000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rebecca.carter@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -307301,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -159792,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 29,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 15,\n",
       "  'other': 540,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 7,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 75000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 196,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 307301,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BUCHANAN HAROLD G': {'salary': 248017,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1088,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1054637,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'john.buchanan@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1014505,\n",
       "  'expenses': 600,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 825464,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 125,\n",
       "  'other': 1215,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 304805,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 23,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 189041,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'YEAP SOON': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 55097,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 192758,\n",
       "  'expenses': 55097,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 192758,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MURRAY JULIA H': {'salary': 229284,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2192,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 812194,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 400000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'julia.murray@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 597461,\n",
       "  'expenses': 57580,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 11,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 400478,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 45,\n",
       "  'other': 330,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 2,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 125000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 395,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 196983,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GARLAND C KEVIN': {'salary': 231946,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 209,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1566469,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 850000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kevin.garland@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 896153,\n",
       "  'expenses': 48405,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 636246,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 44,\n",
       "  'other': 60814,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 27,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 375304,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 178,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 259907,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DODSON KEITH': {'salary': 221003,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 176,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 319941,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 70000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'keith.dodson@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 28164,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 14,\n",
       "  'other': 774,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 3,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 114,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'YEAGER F SCOTT': {'salary': 158403,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 360300,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'scott.yeager@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 11884758,\n",
       "  'expenses': 53947,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 8308552,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 147950,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 3576206,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HIRKO JOSEPH': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 10259,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 91093,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'joe.hirko@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 30766064,\n",
       "  'expenses': 77978,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 30766064,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 2856,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DIETRICH JANET R': {'salary': 250100,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2572,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1410464,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'janet.dietrich@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1865087,\n",
       "  'expenses': 3475,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 305,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1550019,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 63,\n",
       "  'other': 473,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 14,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 556416,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1902,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 315068,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DERRICK JR. JAMES V': {'salary': 492375,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2181,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 550981,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 800000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'james.derrick@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -1787380,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -1284000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 8831913,\n",
       "  'expenses': 51124,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 64,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 8831913,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 909,\n",
       "  'other': 7482,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 20,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 484000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1401,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1787380,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'FREVERT MARK A': {'salary': 1060932,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3275,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 6426990,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 17252530,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 2000000,\n",
       "  'bonus': 2000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.frevert@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -3367011,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 14622185,\n",
       "  'expenses': 86987,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 242,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 10433518,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 21,\n",
       "  'other': 7427621,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 6,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1617011,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2979,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 4188667,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'PAI LOU L': {'salary': 261879,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3123383,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'lou.pai@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 23817930,\n",
       "  'expenses': 32047,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 15364167,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 1829457,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 8453763,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'HAYSLETT RODERICK J': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2649,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rod.hayslett@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 346663,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 35,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1061,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 38,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 571,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 346663,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BAY FRANKLIN R': {'salary': 239671,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 260455,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 827696,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 400000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'frank.bay@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -82782,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -201641,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 63014,\n",
       "  'expenses': 129142,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 69,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 145796,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MCCARTY DANNY J': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1433,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'danny.mccarty@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 758931,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 25,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 664375,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 215,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 2,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 508,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 94556,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'FUGH JOHN L': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 50591,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 50591,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 176378,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 176378,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SCRIMSHAW MATTHEW': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'matthew.scrimshaw@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 759557,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 759557,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'KOENIG MARK E': {'salary': 309946,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2374,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1587421,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.koenig@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1920055,\n",
       "  'expenses': 127017,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 53,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 671737,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 61,\n",
       "  'other': 150458,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 15,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 300000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2271,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1248318,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'SAVAGE FRANK': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3750,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -121284,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 125034},\n",
       " 'IZZO LAWRENCE L': {'salary': 85274,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 496,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1979596,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'larry.izzo@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 5819980,\n",
       "  'expenses': 28093,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 28,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2165172,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 19,\n",
       "  'other': 1553729,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 5,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 312500,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 437,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 3654808,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'TILNEY ELIZABETH A': {'salary': 247338,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 460,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 399393,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 300000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'elizabeth.tilney@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -575000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1168042,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 591250,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 19,\n",
       "  'other': 152055,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 11,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 275000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 379,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 576792,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'MARTIN AMANDA K': {'salary': 349487,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1522,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 85430,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 8407016,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'a..martin@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2070306,\n",
       "  'expenses': 8211,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 8,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2070306,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 230,\n",
       "  'other': 2818454,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 5145434,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 477,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'BUY RICHARD B': {'salary': 330546,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3523,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 649584,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2355702,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 900000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rick.buy@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -694862,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3444470,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 156,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2542813,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1053,\n",
       "  'other': 400572,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 71,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 769862,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2333,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 901657,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GRAMM WENDY L': {'salary': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'to_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 119292,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'email_address': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'director_fees': 119292},\n",
       " 'CAUSEY RICHARD A': {'salary': 415189,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1892,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1868758,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'richard.causey@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -235000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2502063,\n",
       "  'expenses': 30674,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 58,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_messages': 49,\n",
       "  'other': 307895,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 12,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 350000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1585,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2502063,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'TAYLOR MITCHELL S': {'salary': 265214,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 533,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 227449,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1092663,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mitchell.taylor@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3745048,\n",
       "  'expenses': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 3181250,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 29,\n",
       "  'other': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 300,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 563798,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'DONAHUE JR JEFFREY M': {'salary': 278601,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 865,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 875760,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 800000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeff.donahue@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -300000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1080988,\n",
       "  'expenses': 96268,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 188,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 765920,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 22,\n",
       "  'other': 891,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 11,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 772,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 315068,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'},\n",
       " 'GLISAN JR BEN F': {'salary': 274975,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 873,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1272284,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'ben.glisan@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 'NaN',\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 778546,\n",
       "  'expenses': 125978,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 52,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 384728,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 16,\n",
       "  'other': 200308,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 6,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 71023,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 874,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 393818,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 'NaN'}}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Data dictionary complete\n",
    "\n",
    "data_dict"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "# Exploratory Data Analysis #\n",
      "Total number of data points: 146\n",
      "Number of Persons of Interest: 18\n",
      "Number of people without Person of Interest label: 128\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### 1.1.1 Dataset Exploration\n",
    "print('# Exploratory Data Analysis #')\n",
    "data_dict.keys()\n",
    "print('Total number of data points: %d' % len(data_dict.keys()))\n",
    "num_poi = 0\n",
    "for name in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[name]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "        num_poi += 1\n",
    "num_not_poi = (len(data_dict.keys()) - num_poi)\n",
    "print('Number of Persons of Interest: %d' % num_poi)\n",
    "print('Number of people without Person of Interest label: %d' % num_not_poi)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Each person has 21 features available\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "###1.1.2 Feature Exploration\n",
    "all_features = data_dict['METTS MARK'].keys()\n",
    "print('Each person has %d features available' %  len(all_features))\n",
    "### Evaluate dataset for completeness\n",
    "missing_values = {}\n",
    "for feature in all_features:\n",
    "    missing_values[feature] = 0\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    records = 0\n",
    "    for feature in all_features:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person][feature] == 'NaN':\n",
    "            missing_values[feature] += 1\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            records += 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Number of Missing Values for Each Feature:\n",
      "salary: 51\n",
      "to_messages: 60\n",
      "deferral_payments: 107\n",
      "total_payments: 21\n",
      "loan_advances: 142\n",
      "bonus: 64\n",
      "email_address: 35\n",
      "restricted_stock_deferred: 128\n",
      "deferred_income: 97\n",
      "total_stock_value: 20\n",
      "expenses: 51\n",
      "from_poi_to_this_person: 60\n",
      "exercised_stock_options: 44\n",
      "from_messages: 60\n",
      "other: 53\n",
      "from_this_person_to_poi: 60\n",
      "poi: 0\n",
      "long_term_incentive: 80\n",
      "shared_receipt_with_poi: 60\n",
      "restricted_stock: 36\n",
      "director_fees: 129\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### Print results of completeness analysis\n",
    "print('Number of Missing Values for Each Feature:')\n",
    "for feature in all_features:\n",
    "    print(\"%s: %d\" % (feature, missing_values[feature]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<br>**The missing data for financial features (payment, fees and stock) represent 0 and not unknown quantities, as it is shown in [Enron's public data](https://github.com/louisedietrich/Enron-Financial-Dataset).\n",
    "We will thus in a first place replace all the missing values by 0.**</br> \n",
    "\n",
    "<br>**For the features concerning emails (to_messages, from_messages, from_poi_to_this_person, from_this_person_to_poi, shared_receipt_with_poi.), missing values are unknown information. We don't want to drop all those values as we already are working on a rather small dataset and need data to build our models. We will replace the missing information by its average values, depending on the person's profile (i.e. average values for the POI or not POI for each feature).**</br>\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Convert 'NaN' string to zero\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    for feature in all_features:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person][feature] == 'NaN':\n",
    "            data_dict[person][feature] = 0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'METTS MARK': {'salary': 365788,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 807,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1061827,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.metts@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 585062,\n",
       "  'expenses': 94299,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 38,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 29,\n",
       "  'other': 1740,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 702,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 585062,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'BAXTER JOHN C': {'salary': 267102,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 1295738,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 5634343,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 1200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -1386055,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 10623258,\n",
       "  'expenses': 11200,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 6680544,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 2660303,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1586055,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 3942714,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'ELLIOTT STEVEN': {'salary': 170941,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 211725,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 350000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'steven.elliott@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -400729,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6678735,\n",
       "  'expenses': 78552,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4890344,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 12961,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1788391,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'CORDES WILLIAM R': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 764,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'bill.cordes@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1038185,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 651850,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 12,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 58,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 386335,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'HANNON KEVIN P': {'salary': 243293,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1045,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 288682,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 1500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kevin.hannon@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -3117011,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6391065,\n",
       "  'expenses': 34039,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 32,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 5538001,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 32,\n",
       "  'other': 11350,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 21,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1617011,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1035,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 853064,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'MORDAUNT KRISTINA M': {'salary': 267093,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 628522,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 325000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kristina.mordaunt@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 208510,\n",
       "  'expenses': 35018,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 1411,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 208510,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'MEYER ROCKFORD G': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 232,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 1848227,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1848227,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rockford.meyer@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 955873,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 493489,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 28,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 22,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 462384,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'MCMAHON JEFFREY': {'salary': 370448,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2355,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 4099771,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 2600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeffrey.mcmahon@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1662855,\n",
       "  'expenses': 137108,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 58,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1104054,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 48,\n",
       "  'other': 297353,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 26,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 694862,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2228,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 558801,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'HAEDICKE MARK E': {'salary': 374125,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 4009,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 2157527,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3859065,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 1150000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mark.haedicke@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -329825,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -934484,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 803094,\n",
       "  'expenses': 76169,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 180,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 608750,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1941,\n",
       "  'other': 52382,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 61,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 983346,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1847,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 524169,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'PIPER GREGORY F': {'salary': 197091,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1238,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 1130036,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1737629,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 400000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'greg.piper@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -409554,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -33333,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 880290,\n",
       "  'expenses': 43057,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 61,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 880290,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 222,\n",
       "  'other': 778,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 48,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 742,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 409554,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'HUMPHREY GENE E': {'salary': 130724,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 128,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 2964506,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3100224,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'gene.humphrey@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2282768,\n",
       "  'expenses': 4994,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2282768,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 17,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 17,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 119,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'NOLES JAMES L': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 774401,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 774401,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -94556,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 368705,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 463261,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'BLACHMAN JEREMY M': {'salary': 248546,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2475,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2014835,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 850000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeremy.blachman@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 954354,\n",
       "  'expenses': 84208,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 25,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 765313,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 14,\n",
       "  'other': 272,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 2,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 831809,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2326,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 189041,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'SUNDE MARTIN': {'salary': 257486,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 2647,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1545059,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 700000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'marty.sunde@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 698920,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 37,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 38,\n",
       "  'other': 111122,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 13,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 476451,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2565,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 698920,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'GIBBS DANA R': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 169,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 504610,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 966522,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'dana.gibbs@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2218275,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2218275,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 12,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 461912,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 23,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'LOWRY CHARLES P': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -153686,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 372205,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 372205,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 153686,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'COLWELL WESLEY': {'salary': 288542,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1758,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 27610,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1490344,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 1200000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'wes.colwell@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -144062,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 698242,\n",
       "  'expenses': 16514,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 240,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 40,\n",
       "  'other': 101740,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 11,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1132,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 698242,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'MULLER MARK S': {'salary': 251654,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 136,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 842924,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3202070,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 1100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 's..muller@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -719000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1416848,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 12,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1056320,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 16,\n",
       "  'other': 947,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1725545,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 114,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 360528,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'JACKSON CHARLENE R': {'salary': 288558,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 258,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 551174,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 250000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'charlene.jackson@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 725735,\n",
       "  'expenses': 10181,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 25,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 185063,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 56,\n",
       "  'other': 2435,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 19,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 117,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 540672,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'WESTFAHL RICHARD K': {'salary': 63744,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 762135,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'dick.westfahl@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -10800,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 384930,\n",
       "  'expenses': 51870,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 401130,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 256191,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 384930,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'WALTERS GARETH W': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 53625,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 87410,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1030329,\n",
       "  'expenses': 33785,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1030329,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'WALLS JR ROBERT H': {'salary': 357091,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 671,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1798780,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 850000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rob.walls@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 5898997,\n",
       "  'expenses': 50936,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 17,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 4346544,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 146,\n",
       "  'other': 2,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 540751,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 215,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 1552453,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'KITCHEN LOUISE': {'salary': 271442,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 8305,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 3471141,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 3100000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'louise.kitchen@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
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       "  'to_messages': 102,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1101393,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 800000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'chip.cox@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -41250,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 495633,\n",
       "  'expenses': 27861,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 117551,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 33,\n",
       "  'other': 494,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 4,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 71,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 378082,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'OVERDYKE JR JERE C': {'salary': 94941,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 249787,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jere.overdyke@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 7307594,\n",
       "  'expenses': 18834,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 5266578,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 176,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
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       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2041016,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'PEREIRA PAULO V. FERRAZ': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
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       "  'total_payments': 27942,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -101250,\n",
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       "  'expenses': 27942,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 101250},\n",
       " 'STABLER FRANK': {'salary': 239502,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1112087,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 500000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'frank.stabler@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 511734,\n",
       "  'expenses': 16514,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 356071,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 511734,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'SKILLING JEFFREY K': {'salary': 1111258,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3627,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 8682716,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 5600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeff.skilling@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 26093672,\n",
       "  'expenses': 29336,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 88,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 19250000,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 108,\n",
       "  'other': 22122,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 30,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 1920000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2042,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 6843672,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'BLAKE JR. NORMAN P': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
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       "  'total_payments': 1279,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -113784,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
       "  'expenses': 1279,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 113784},\n",
       " 'SHERRICK JEFFREY B': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 613,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeffrey.sherrick@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1832468,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 39,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1426469,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 25,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 18,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 583,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 405999,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'PRENTICE JAMES': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 564348,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 564348,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'james.prentice@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1095040,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 886231,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 208809,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'GRAY RODNEY': {'salary': 6615,\n",
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       "  'deferral_payments': 93585,\n",
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       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
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       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
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       "  'other': 680833,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
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       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'THE TRAVEL AGENCY IN THE PARK': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
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       "  'total_payments': 362096,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
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       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
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       " 'UMANOFF ADAM S': {'salary': 288589,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 111,\n",
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       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 788750,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'adam.umanoff@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
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       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
       "  'expenses': 53122,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 12,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 18,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
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       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 41,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
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       " 'KEAN STEVEN J': {'salary': 404338,\n",
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       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'steven.kean@enron.com',\n",
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       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 6153642,\n",
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       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 140,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2022048,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 6759,\n",
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       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 387,\n",
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       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 3639,\n",
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       " 'TOTAL': {'salary': 26704229,\n",
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       "  'deferral_payments': 32083396,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 309886585,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 83925000,\n",
       "  'bonus': 97343619,\n",
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       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -7576788,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -27992891,\n",
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       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
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       "  'restricted_stock': 130322299,\n",
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       " 'FOWLER PEGGY': {'salary': 0,\n",
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       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'kulvinder.fowler@enron.com',\n",
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       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
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       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1324578,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 36,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
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       "  'restricted_stock': 560170,\n",
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       " 'WASAFF GEORGE': {'salary': 259996,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 400,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 831299,\n",
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       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 325000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'george.wasaff@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -583325,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2056427,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 22,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1668260,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 30,\n",
       "  'other': 1425,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 7,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 200000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 337,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 388167,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'WHITE JR THOMAS E': {'salary': 317543,\n",
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       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1934359,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 450000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'thomas.white@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 15144123,\n",
       "  'expenses': 81353,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1297049,\n",
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       "  'other': 1085463,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
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       "  'restricted_stock': 13847074,\n",
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       " 'CHRISTODOULOU DIOMEDES': {'salary': 0,\n",
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       "  'total_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
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       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
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       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
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       "  'restricted_stock': 950730,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'ALLEN PHILLIP K': {'salary': 201955,\n",
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       "  'bonus': 4175000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'phillip.allen@enron.com',\n",
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       "  'total_stock_value': 1729541,\n",
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       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 47,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 1729541,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 2195,\n",
       "  'other': 152,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 65,\n",
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       "  'long_term_incentive': 304805,\n",
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       "  'restricted_stock': 126027,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'SHARP VICTORIA T': {'salary': 248146,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3136,\n",
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       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'vicki.sharp@enron.com',\n",
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       "  'total_stock_value': 494136,\n",
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       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 24,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 281073,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 136,\n",
       "  'other': 2401,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 6,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 422158,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2477,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 213063,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'JAEDICKE ROBERT': {'salary': 0,\n",
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       "  'total_payments': 83750,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': -44093,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -25000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 431750,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 431750,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 44093,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 108750},\n",
       " 'WINOKUR JR. HERBERT S': {'salary': 0,\n",
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       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 84992,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -25000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
       "  'expenses': 1413,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 108579},\n",
       " 'BROWN MICHAEL': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1486,\n",
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       "  'total_payments': 49288,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'michael.brown@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
       "  'expenses': 49288,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 13,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 41,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 1,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 761,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'MCCLELLAN GEORGE': {'salary': 263413,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1744,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1318763,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 900000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'george.mcclellan@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -125000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 947861,\n",
       "  'expenses': 228763,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 52,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 506765,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 49,\n",
       "  'other': 51587,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
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       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 125034},\n",
       " 'IZZO LAWRENCE L': {'salary': 85274,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 496,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1979596,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'larry.izzo@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 5819980,\n",
       "  'expenses': 28093,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 28,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2165172,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 19,\n",
       "  'other': 1553729,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 5,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 312500,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 437,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 3654808,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'TILNEY ELIZABETH A': {'salary': 247338,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 460,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 399393,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 300000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'elizabeth.tilney@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -575000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1168042,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 10,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 591250,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 19,\n",
       "  'other': 152055,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 11,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 275000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 379,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 576792,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'MARTIN AMANDA K': {'salary': 349487,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1522,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 85430,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 8407016,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'a..martin@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2070306,\n",
       "  'expenses': 8211,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 8,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2070306,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 230,\n",
       "  'other': 2818454,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 5145434,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 477,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'BUY RICHARD B': {'salary': 330546,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 3523,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 649584,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 2355702,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 900000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'rick.buy@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -694862,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3444470,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 156,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 2542813,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 1053,\n",
       "  'other': 400572,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 71,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 769862,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 2333,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 901657,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'GRAMM WENDY L': {'salary': 0,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 119292,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 0,\n",
       "  'email_address': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 0,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 0,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 0,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 119292},\n",
       " 'CAUSEY RICHARD A': {'salary': 415189,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 1892,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1868758,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 1000000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'richard.causey@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -235000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 2502063,\n",
       "  'expenses': 30674,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 58,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 0,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 49,\n",
       "  'other': 307895,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 12,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 350000,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 1585,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 2502063,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'TAYLOR MITCHELL S': {'salary': 265214,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 533,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 227449,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1092663,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'mitchell.taylor@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 3745048,\n",
       "  'expenses': 0,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 0,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 3181250,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 29,\n",
       "  'other': 0,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 0,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 300,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 563798,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'DONAHUE JR JEFFREY M': {'salary': 278601,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 865,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 875760,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 800000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'jeff.donahue@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': -300000,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 1080988,\n",
       "  'expenses': 96268,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 188,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 765920,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 22,\n",
       "  'other': 891,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 11,\n",
       "  'poi': False,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 0,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 772,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 315068,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0},\n",
       " 'GLISAN JR BEN F': {'salary': 274975,\n",
       "  'to_messages': 873,\n",
       "  'deferral_payments': 0,\n",
       "  'total_payments': 1272284,\n",
       "  'loan_advances': 0,\n",
       "  'bonus': 600000,\n",
       "  'email_address': 'ben.glisan@enron.com',\n",
       "  'restricted_stock_deferred': 0,\n",
       "  'deferred_income': 0,\n",
       "  'total_stock_value': 778546,\n",
       "  'expenses': 125978,\n",
       "  'from_poi_to_this_person': 52,\n",
       "  'exercised_stock_options': 384728,\n",
       "  'from_messages': 16,\n",
       "  'other': 200308,\n",
       "  'from_this_person_to_poi': 6,\n",
       "  'poi': True,\n",
       "  'long_term_incentive': 71023,\n",
       "  'shared_receipt_with_poi': 874,\n",
       "  'restricted_stock': 393818,\n",
       "  'director_fees': 0}}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Data dictionary complete to check if the NaN values are removed\n",
    "\n",
    "data_dict"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**Now that all NaN values are replaced by 0, we will focus on the 5 variables explaining the interaction with a poi or not poi:**</br>\n",
    "<br>to_messages, from_messages, from_poi_to_this_person, from_this_person_to_poi, shared_receipt_with_poi.</br>\n",
    "<br>This email data is meaningful information for our prediction of wether an employee will be a POI or not and we will replace, for each of this features, the previously missing values with the mean of the variable grouped by POI profile."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Replace to_messages = 0 (so previously missing) with the average of to_messages for poi or the average of to_messages \n",
    "# for not poi, depending on the category of the person\n",
    "sum_to_messages_poi = 0\n",
    "sum_to_messages_not_poi = 0\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "        sum_to_messages_poi += data_dict[person]['to_messages']\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        sum_to_messages_not_poi += data_dict[person]['to_messages']\n",
    "\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['to_messages'] == 0:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['to_messages'] = sum_to_messages_poi/num_poi\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['to_messages'] = sum_to_messages_not_poi/num_not_poi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Replace from_messages = 0 (so previously missing) with the average of from_messages for poi or the average of from_messages \n",
    "# for not poi, depending on the category of the person\n",
    "sum_from_messages_poi = 0\n",
    "sum_from_messages_not_poi = 0\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "        sum_from_messages_poi += data_dict[person]['from_messages']\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        sum_from_messages_not_poi += data_dict[person]['from_messages']\n",
    "\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['from_messages'] == 0:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['from_messages'] = sum_to_messages_poi/num_poi\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['from_messages'] = sum_to_messages_not_poi/num_not_poi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Replace from_poi_to_this_person = 0 (so previously missing) with the average of from_poi_to_this_person for poi or the average of from_poi_to_this_person \n",
    "# for not poi, depending on the category of the person\n",
    "sum_from_poi_to_this_person_poi = 0\n",
    "sum_from_poi_to_this_person_not_poi = 0\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "        sum_from_poi_to_this_person_poi += data_dict[person]['from_poi_to_this_person']\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        sum_from_poi_to_this_person_not_poi += data_dict[person]['from_poi_to_this_person']\n",
    "\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['from_poi_to_this_person'] == 0:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['from_poi_to_this_person'] = sum_from_poi_to_this_person_poi/num_poi\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['from_poi_to_this_person'] = sum_from_poi_to_this_person_not_poi/num_not_poi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Replace from_this_person_to_poi = 0 (so previously missing) with the average of from_this_person_to_poi for poi or the average of from_this_person_to_poi \n",
    "# for not poi, depending on the category of the person\n",
    "sum_from_this_person_to_poi_poi = 0\n",
    "sum_from_this_person_to_poi_not_poi = 0\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "        sum_from_this_person_to_poi_poi += data_dict[person]['from_this_person_to_poi']\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        sum_from_this_person_to_poi_not_poi += data_dict[person]['from_this_person_to_poi']\n",
    "\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['from_this_person_to_poi'] == 0:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['from_this_person_to_poi'] = sum_from_this_person_to_poi_poi/num_poi\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['from_this_person_to_poi'] = sum_from_this_person_to_poi_not_poi/num_not_poi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Replace shared_receipt_with_poi = 0 (so previously missing) with the average of shared_receipt_with_poi for poi or the average of shared_receipt_with_poi \n",
    "# for not poi, depending on the category of the person\n",
    "sum_shared_receipt_with_poi_poi = 0\n",
    "sum_shared_receipt_with_poi_not_poi = 0\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "        sum_shared_receipt_with_poi_poi += data_dict[person]['shared_receipt_with_poi']\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        sum_shared_receipt_with_poi_not_poi += data_dict[person]['shared_receipt_with_poi']\n",
    "\n",
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "    if data_dict[person]['shared_receipt_with_poi'] == 0:\n",
    "        if data_dict[person]['poi'] == True:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['shared_receipt_with_poi'] = sum_shared_receipt_with_poi_poi/num_poi\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            data_dict[person]['shared_receipt_with_poi'] = sum_shared_receipt_with_poi_not_poi/num_not_poi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>salary</th>\n",
       "      <th>to_messages</th>\n",
       "      <th>deferral_payments</th>\n",
       "      <th>total_payments</th>\n",
       "      <th>loan_advances</th>\n",
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       "      <th>restricted_stock_deferred</th>\n",
       "      <th>deferred_income</th>\n",
       "      <th>total_stock_value</th>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <th>from_poi_to_this_person</th>\n",
       "      <th>exercised_stock_options</th>\n",
       "      <th>from_messages</th>\n",
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       "      <th>from_this_person_to_poi</th>\n",
       "      <th>poi</th>\n",
       "      <th>long_term_incentive</th>\n",
       "      <th>shared_receipt_with_poi</th>\n",
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       "  </thead>\n",
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       "      <td>807.0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>600000</td>\n",
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       "      <td>585062</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0</td>\n",
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       "      <th>BAXTER JOHN C</th>\n",
       "      <td>267102</td>\n",
       "      <td>1129.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1295738</td>\n",
       "      <td>5634343</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1200000</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1386055</td>\n",
       "      <td>10623258</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
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       "      <td>170941</td>\n",
       "      <td>1129.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>211725</td>\n",
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       "      <td>350000</td>\n",
       "      <td>steven.elliott@enron.com</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>-400729</td>\n",
       "      <td>6678735</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.90625</td>\n",
       "      <td>4890344</td>\n",
       "      <td>1129.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>12961</td>\n",
       "      <td>20.40625</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>595.421875</td>\n",
       "      <td>1788391</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>CORDES WILLIAM R</th>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>764.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>bill.cordes@enron.com</td>\n",
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       "      <td>1038185</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>10.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>651850</td>\n",
       "      <td>12.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>20.40625</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>58.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>386335</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>HANNON KEVIN P</th>\n",
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       "      <td>1045.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>288682</td>\n",
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       "      <td>32.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>5538001</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>11350</td>\n",
       "      <td>21.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "      <td>1617011</td>\n",
       "      <td>1035.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>853064</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>5 rows × 21 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                  salary  to_messages  deferral_payments  total_payments  \\\n",
       "METTS MARK        365788        807.0                  0         1061827   \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C     267102       1129.0            1295738         5634343   \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN    170941       1129.0                  0          211725   \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R       0        764.0                  0               0   \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P    243293       1045.0                  0          288682   \n",
       "\n",
       "                  loan_advances    bonus             email_address  \\\n",
       "METTS MARK                    0   600000      mark.metts@enron.com   \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C                 0  1200000                         0   \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN                0   350000  steven.elliott@enron.com   \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R              0        0     bill.cordes@enron.com   \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P                0  1500000    kevin.hannon@enron.com   \n",
       "\n",
       "                  restricted_stock_deferred  deferred_income  \\\n",
       "METTS MARK                                0                0   \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C                             0         -1386055   \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN                            0          -400729   \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R                          0                0   \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P                            0         -3117011   \n",
       "\n",
       "                  total_stock_value  ...  from_poi_to_this_person  \\\n",
       "METTS MARK                   585062  ...                 38.00000   \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C              10623258  ...                 32.90625   \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN              6678735  ...                 32.90625   \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R            1038185  ...                 10.00000   \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P              6391065  ...                 32.00000   \n",
       "\n",
       "                  exercised_stock_options  from_messages    other  \\\n",
       "METTS MARK                              0           29.0     1740   \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C                     6680544         1129.0  2660303   \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN                    4890344         1129.0    12961   \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R                   651850           12.0        0   \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P                    5538001           32.0    11350   \n",
       "\n",
       "                  from_this_person_to_poi    poi  long_term_incentive  \\\n",
       "METTS MARK                        1.00000  False                    0   \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C                    20.40625  False              1586055   \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN                   20.40625  False                    0   \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R                 20.40625  False                    0   \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P                   21.00000   True              1617011   \n",
       "\n",
       "                  shared_receipt_with_poi  restricted_stock  director_fees  \n",
       "METTS MARK                     702.000000            585062              0  \n",
       "BAXTER JOHN C                  595.421875           3942714              0  \n",
       "ELLIOTT STEVEN                 595.421875           1788391              0  \n",
       "CORDES WILLIAM R                58.000000            386335              0  \n",
       "HANNON KEVIN P                1035.000000            853064              0  \n",
       "\n",
       "[5 rows x 21 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Checking if the data has been well modified\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(data_dict, orient='index')\n",
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h3>Task 2: Remove outliers</h3>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def PlotOutlier(data_dict, feature_x, feature_y):\n",
    "    \"\"\" Plot with flag = True in Red \"\"\"\n",
    "    data = featureFormat(data_dict, [feature_x, feature_y, 'poi'])\n",
    "    for point in data:\n",
    "        x = point[0]\n",
    "        y = point[1]\n",
    "        poi = point[2]\n",
    "        if poi:\n",
    "            color = 'red'\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            color = 'blue'\n",
    "        plt.scatter(x, y, color=color)\n",
    "    plt.xlabel(feature_x)\n",
    "    plt.ylabel(feature_y)\n",
    "    plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'salary': 26704229,\n",
       " 'to_messages': 1129.0,\n",
       " 'deferral_payments': 32083396,\n",
       " 'total_payments': 309886585,\n",
       " 'loan_advances': 83925000,\n",
       " 'bonus': 97343619,\n",
       " 'email_address': 0,\n",
       " 'restricted_stock_deferred': -7576788,\n",
       " 'deferred_income': -27992891,\n",
       " 'total_stock_value': 434509511,\n",
       " 'expenses': 5235198,\n",
       " 'from_poi_to_this_person': 32.90625,\n",
       " 'exercised_stock_options': 311764000,\n",
       " 'from_messages': 1129.0,\n",
       " 'other': 42667589,\n",
       " 'from_this_person_to_poi': 20.40625,\n",
       " 'poi': False,\n",
       " 'long_term_incentive': 48521928,\n",
       " 'shared_receipt_with_poi': 595.421875,\n",
       " 'restricted_stock': 130322299,\n",
       " 'director_fees': 1398517}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 2.1 Visualise outliers\n",
    "print(PlotOutlier(data_dict, 'total_payments', 'total_stock_value'))\n",
    "print(PlotOutlier(data_dict, 'from_poi_to_this_person', 'from_this_person_to_poi'))\n",
    "print(PlotOutlier(data_dict, 'salary', 'bonus'))\n",
    "#Remove outlier TOTAL line in pickle file.\n",
    "data_dict.pop( 'TOTAL', 0 )"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**The \"total row\" value displayed in the outliers plots is taken off, as it is not relevant information and will distort our resuls.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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NzfZvR1mD3t4ksY/X0wNDQy0Nxcxsp+x0gbIcXEOHT/jte7ZmVmWFJvmIuAvIvZBZnnzP1syqrBp98tNQxlmkzMyyanuSl7RY0qCkwXXr1rX8/K7jbmZV1vYkHxH9EdEXEX0LFizY6Z8znWGQtVpyk3Xr1uTdCd7MqqIStWtcusbMrLFCW/KSlgH3kEwf+Likc4s4z2Sla/ygk5nNZIWOk5+qnR0nP2tW8iBTI11dnhzbzKqtnePkW2KvvRqvnz3bxSnNbGYrfZIfGIDnnttx/dy5sGVL42P8oJOZzRSlT/JLlsCmTTuu3223ZDhkI37QycxmitIn+UZ1ZwDWr2/8oBPAhg2+AWtmM0Ppk/zs2ROvH33Qae+9x25bv96VJs1sZih9kp+o3310fa0G8+fvuN03YM1sJih9kh/fSh+17/wN2z670qSZzVSlT/IAYmxzfg4v8gcbBujdZwOzZiXj6BsZ3eaHpMysqkpf1mD9epjDFjaxvXM+mM3VnMOW9XOA5l06LoNgZlVV+pb87Nmwiblj1m1mDluYM+kx47mP3syqqPRJfqJW+kR6epJqk424j97Mqqb0SX6iB54msnZtfrNBufiZmXW60if5iR54mkh3dz6zQY2WNx4eToqjjfbrO9GbWScpfZIffeBpohE09ebOTRJ5HrNBTVbe2MysU1Si1DAkyXoye+8Nl12W3+iZicobSxP3+ZuZFWGyUsOlH0KZRRF/x7q7G9fNcfEzM+skpe+ugcn7wSd6Ina68ujXNzMrWiWS/GT94KeeOsmB0xgek0e/vplZ0SrRJz/Z9H9z5ya15Z9+evvImlqNHWf/Bs8NaGalVPnp/ybrB3/ppaT0Qf0wxw99CB4/08NjzKz6KpHkpzJWfmQErrgCXr3FpSnNrPoqkeRrNTjzzOz7R8Bacnrs1cysg1UiyQ8MJF3pjXSxkS/ypyxi7E3Vhayhm2EGWFS3s4fHmFm1lH6c/MAAnHPO2EJlXWzgBbroZi1LuYgay9jIPwCwjPcDAsS/0815XEUg3jn739ivf6lvuppZpZS+JX/hhcnN1XpD9LKV2QyxkBrLAJjHCJdwEUmC3+4FujhDA9x57dCECd6FyMysrEqf5NevH7u8iAH2YX3DfXtYu0O3DUz+RKwLkZlZmZV+nPz4mjVr6KWXBvUGUhvp4t3cwj28fcz6uXPh6qt3bMz39jYuX9DTA0NDUwrVzKwQlR8nX28haxBb6WFozE3V0T9l8xhhLb07HPfSS7Dk9KEd+mM8CbiZlVnlkvzoTdW19HAeV25L9E+zx7Y9fsmrGx65lu4d+mPymmDEzKwdKpfkFzHAGnrZwix+xuu5l6PYSBdfYfG2fV7DfzQ8tpu0eV735KsLkZlZmVUqyS9igCtZTC/DzCLoZZjPsISvciafJMnKG+lqePO1i40s5aLtK9L+GBciM7Myq1SSv4QlzGNsPZp5jHAiN7GF2WygixF2ZR2v3LZ9tP++n/O2DbcExvTH1GrJTdatW5N3J3gzK4vCk7yk4yT9XNKjkj5e5Lm2dbdMsH4+IyxgPV/mgm2t+dNYxmpePzbBt6A/xmPvzawVCk3ykmYDfw8cDxwCLJJ0SFHnm6geTbJ++1DR5MGopM99GTU+sXdr+2M89t7MWqXolvxRwKMR8VhEvAR8HTipqJNdxFI2MvYu6Ua6uIilzGbsxKujrXsJ3nxZa/tjPAm4mbVK0Un+NcC/1y0/nq7bRtJiSYOSBtetWzetky2jxnn0M0QPWxFD9HAe/SyjxpZxl7qWbiQ4//zW97F77L2ZtUrRSV4N1o15xDYi+iOiLyL6FixYMO0TLqPGQoaYzVYWMsQykgzeU9dfv5EuvrD3Uq67Di6/fNqnnDKPvTezVik6yT8O7F+3vB/wy4LPuYNd2MTSeZds63Ofd30/f/dUrW2jZDz23sxapegk/xPgQEkLJc0FTgNuzPMEzUrvzJ8P11w/h9qG/o4ZA+mx92bWKoXWk4+IzZI+DNwCzAaujojV+Z8n759YvFrNSd3Milf4pCERcRNwU9HnMTOzHVXqiVczMxvLSd7MrMKc5M3MKsxJ3syswjpq+j9J62CSufua2wd4KqdwOtlMuU7wtVaVrzVfPRHR8GnSjkry0yVpcKJ5Dqtkplwn+FqrytfaOu6uMTOrMCd5M7MKq1qS7293AC0yU64TfK1V5WttkUr1yZuZ2VhVa8mbmVkdJ3kzsworXZJvNjG4En+Xbl8h6fB2xJmHDNdaS69xhaS7JR3WjjjzkHXCd0lHStoi6ZRWxpenLNcq6Z2SHpS0WtKdrY4xDxl+f3eX9C+Sfppe59ntiDMPkq6W9KSkVRNsb19eiojSvEjKFf8/4LXAXOCnwCHj9jkB+D7JrFRHA/e2O+4Cr/WtwJ7p5+OrfK11+/2ApKrpKe2Ou8B/1z2AnwHd6fIr2x13Qdd5EXBp+nkB8DQwt92x7+T1/jZwOLBqgu1ty0tla8lnmRj8JOBrkfgxsIekV7U60Bw0vdaIuDsinkkXf0wy81YZZZ3w/QLgW8CTrQwuZ1mu9f3ADRGxFiAiyni9Wa4zgN0kCZhPkuQ3tzbMfETEXSTxT6RtealsSb7pxOAZ9ymDqV7HuSQthTLKMuH7a4D3AFe0MK4iZPl3/Q1gT0l3SFou6YyWRZefLNf5ZeA3SaYEXQlcGBFbWxNey7UtLxU+aUjOmk4MnnGfMsh8HZLeRZLk315oRMXJcq1fAj4WEVuShl9pZbnWXYAjgP8G7ArcI+nHEfGLooPLUZbr/F3gQeAY4ADgVkk/jIjnig6uDdqWl8qW5LNMDN4Rk4fnINN1SDoUuAo4PiLWtyi2vGW51j7g62mC3wc4QdLmiPhOa0LMTdbf4aciYiOwUdJdwGFAmZJ8lus8G/hsJJ3Wj0paAxwM3NeaEFuqbXmpbN01WSYGvxE4I72bfTTwbEQ80epAc9D0WiV1AzcAHyhZK2+8ptcaEQsjojcieoFvAh8qYYKHbL/D/wy8Q9IukrqANwMPtTjO6cpynWtJvq0gaV/gIOCxlkbZOm3LS6VqyccEE4NLOj/dfgXJyIsTgEeBEZLWQulkvNZPAnsDl6ct3M1Rwsp+Ga+1ErJca0Q8JOlmYAWwFbgqIhoOzetUGf9N/wa4RtJKku6Mj0VEKcsPS1oGvBPYR9LjwKeAOdD+vOSyBmZmFVa27hozM5sCJ3kzswpzkjczqzAneTOzCnOSNzNro2bFzcbt2y3pdkkPpIXOTmh2jJO8mVl7XQMcl3Hfi4F/iog3kTx7cHmzA5zkraNI2kPSh5rs0yvp/Rl+Vm+W1lEnk3RRu2OwYjUqbibpAEk3p7WLfijp4NHdgVekn3cnw1OzTvLWafYAJk3yQC9JpcaZwEl+ZuoHLoiII4D/wfYW+6eB09MHrm4iqcw6KSd56zSfBQ5IJ8z4XPpaJWmlpPfV7fOOdJ+PpC32H0q6P329NcuJJJ0l6Z/TFtPPJX2qbtt30lbUakmL03XnSvpi3T7nSfpCev6HJV2Vxjog6VhJ/ybpEUlHpfvPS/tff5L2qZ5UF8cNaRyPSPrbdP1ngV3T6xxIj/+ekkk2VtX997AKkTSfZK6Ib0h6EPgKMFqWeBFwTUTsR/IE7XWSJs/j7Sy075df418krfRV6eeTgVtJHovfl6TWyatIHh//bt0xXcDL088HAoPjf9YE5zoLeIKkNMSuwCqgL922V/o+un5vYB7JRBhz0m13A7+Vnmdz+nkWsBy4muRR/ZOA76T7XwKcnn7eg6Tg2Lw0jsdIvn6/HBgG9k/321AX78nAlXXLu7f738uvQn7vXwE8McF+q0d/N9Llx2gyqYxb8tbJ3g4si4gtEfEr4E7gyAb7zQGuTGugfAM4ZArnuDUi1kfECyTF3kbLNf+ppJ+STMayP3BgJFUhfwCcmPaRzomIlen+ayJiZST10FcDt0Xyf+FKkv+BAX4H+HjaOruDJKF3p9tui4hnI+JFklmhehrEuhI4VtKlkt4REc9O4TqtJCIptbxG0nth29SBo1N71hd1+02S36F1k/08J3nrZFkLx38E+BVJOd4+kunmshpfvCkkvRM4FnhLRBwGPEDyPxMkZZ3PIikw9dW64/6r7vPWuuWtbC8EKODkiHhj+uqOiIcaHL+FBsUDI6k0egRJsv+MpE9mvUjrXGlxs3uAgyQ9LulcoAacmzY0VrN9Vq2/AM5L1y8DzkobExMqVRVKmxGeB3ZLP98F/HdJ1wJ7kcyj+ZckM+rsVnfM7sDjEbFV0pkk3TtZvVvSXsALwB8C56Q//5mIGElb7EeP7hwR90ran2Q+z0OneG23ABdIuiAiQtKbIuKBJsdskjQnIjZJejXwdERcL2kDyR8bK7mIWDTBph2GVUbEz4C3TeXnO8lbR4mI9ekNy1Uk0xmuIJkEOoCPRsR/SloPbE5bM9eQjDz4Vvr19nZg4xRO+SPgOuB1wD9GxGDa7XO+pBXAz0m6bOr9E/DG2D6/blZ/QzLD1QoltaGHgBObHNOf7n8/8DXgc5K2ApuAD07x/DYDudSwzViSziK50frhKR73XeCLEXFbIYGZ5ch98mYZpQ9q/QJ4wQneysIteas8Sb8LXDpu9ZqIeE874jFrJSd5M7MKc3eNmVmFOcmbmVWYk7yZWYU5yZuZVdj/B4mryaBUuZBXAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Visualise without otuliers\n",
    "print(PlotOutlier(data_dict, 'total_payments', 'total_stock_value'))\n",
    "print(PlotOutlier(data_dict, 'from_poi_to_this_person', 'from_this_person_to_poi'))\n",
    "print(PlotOutlier(data_dict, 'salary', 'bonus'))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Total number of data points: 145\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data_dict.keys()\n",
    "print('Total number of data points: %d' % len(data_dict.keys()))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**Considering the visualization of our outliers, we try to identify the people we could remove from our model according to their high salary and/or bonus, and that have not been identified as POI**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "BAXTER JOHN C\n",
      "MCMAHON JEFFREY\n",
      "HAEDICKE MARK E\n",
      "KITCHEN LOUISE\n",
      "SHANKMAN JEFFREY A\n",
      "LAVORATO JOHN J\n",
      "SHERRIFF JOHN R\n",
      "WHALLEY LAWRENCE G\n",
      "FALLON JAMES B\n",
      "PICKERING MARK R\n",
      "FREVERT MARK A\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for person in data_dict.keys():\n",
    "        if (data_dict[person]['salary'] > 500000 or (data_dict[person]['bonus'] > 1100000 and data_dict[person]['salary'] > 260000)) and data_dict[person]['poi'] == False:\n",
    "            print(person)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "From this list of people with very high salaries and/or bonuses but that are not identified as POI, we decided to remove from our study four of them who had upper-level executive positions and are not representative of the average Enron employee: \n",
    "* FREVERT MARK A\n",
    "* LAVORATO JOHN J\n",
    "* WHALLEY LAWRENCE G\n",
    "* BAXTER JOHN C\n",
    "\n",
    "<br>As we saw a step above, we also will remove the TOTAL row from our dataset. </br>\n",
    "\n",
    "Two other already identified outliers are \"THE TRAVEL AGENCY IN THE PARK\" that is not a person, along with \"LOCKHART EUGENE E\" who has no feature values.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 2.2 Function to remove outliers\n",
    "def remove_outlier(dict_object, keys):\n",
    "    \"\"\" removes list of outliers keys from dict object \"\"\"\n",
    "    for key in keys:\n",
    "        dict_object.pop(key, 0)\n",
    "\n",
    "outliers = ['TOTAL','THE TRAVEL AGENCY IN THE PARK', 'LOCKHART EUGENE E', 'FREVERT MARK A', 'WHALLEY LAWRENCE G', 'BAXTER JOHN C', 'LAVORATO JOHN J']\n",
    "\n",
    "remove_outlier(data_dict, outliers)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Total number of data points after removing the outliers: 139\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data_dict.keys()\n",
    "print('Total number of data points after removing the outliers: %d' % len(data_dict.keys()))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h3>Task 3: Create new feature(s)</h3>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "# 3.1 create new copies of dataset for grading\n",
    "my_dataset = data_dict\n",
    "\n",
    "## 3.2 add new features to dataset\n",
    "def compute_fraction(poi_messages, all_messages):\n",
    "    \"\"\" return fraction of messages from/to that person to/from POI\"\"\"    \n",
    "    if poi_messages == 0 or all_messages == 0:\n",
    "        return 0.\n",
    "    fraction = poi_messages / all_messages\n",
    "    return fraction\n",
    "\n",
    "for name in my_dataset:\n",
    "    data_point = my_dataset[name]\n",
    "    from_poi_to_this_person = data_point[\"from_poi_to_this_person\"]\n",
    "    to_messages = data_point[\"to_messages\"]\n",
    "    fraction_from_poi = compute_fraction(from_poi_to_this_person, to_messages)\n",
    "    data_point[\"fraction_from_poi\"] = fraction_from_poi\n",
    "    from_this_person_to_poi = data_point[\"from_this_person_to_poi\"]\n",
    "    from_messages = data_point[\"from_messages\"]\n",
    "    fraction_to_poi = compute_fraction(from_this_person_to_poi, from_messages)\n",
    "    data_point[\"fraction_to_poi\"] = fraction_to_poi\n",
    "    shared_receipt_with_poi = data_point[\"shared_receipt_with_poi\"]\n",
    "    fraction_shared_poi = compute_fraction(shared_receipt_with_poi,to_messages)\n",
    "    data_point[\"fraction_shared_poi\"] = fraction_shared_poi\n",
    "    bonus = data_point[\"bonus\"]\n",
    "    salary = data_point[\"salary\"]\n",
    "    total_payments = data_point[\"total_payments\"]\n",
    "    bonus_to_salary = compute_fraction(bonus, salary)\n",
    "    data_point[\"bonus_to_salary\"] = bonus_to_salary\n",
    "    bonus_to_total = compute_fraction(bonus, total_payments)\n",
    "    data_point[\"bonus_to_total\"] = bonus_to_total"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 3.3 create new copies of feature list for grading\n",
    "my_feature_list = features_list + ['fraction_to_poi', 'fraction_from_poi', 'fraction_shared_poi']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['poi',\n",
       " 'bonus',\n",
       " 'deferral_payments',\n",
       " 'deferred_income',\n",
       " 'director_fees',\n",
       " 'exercised_stock_options',\n",
       " 'expenses',\n",
       " 'loan_advances',\n",
       " 'long_term_incentive',\n",
       " 'other',\n",
       " 'restricted_stock',\n",
       " 'restricted_stock_deferred',\n",
       " 'salary',\n",
       " 'total_payments',\n",
       " 'total_stock_value',\n",
       " 'from_messages',\n",
       " 'from_poi_to_this_person',\n",
       " 'from_this_person_to_poi',\n",
       " 'shared_receipt_with_poi',\n",
       " 'to_messages',\n",
       " 'fraction_to_poi',\n",
       " 'fraction_from_poi',\n",
       " 'fraction_shared_poi']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_feature_list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**After computing our model with a different number of features, we found out that 4 was the number of variables giving the best results with our data. We used the function with selectKBest to get the list of the 4 highest scoring features.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 3.4 get K-best features\n",
    "num_features = 4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[35.7816913   0.06233576 16.95719491  2.20445373 26.5605672   6.27032312\n",
      "  7.00482086 12.56239963  7.79759949 10.37309462  0.06764556 25.10415132\n",
      "  9.53332413 26.46587154  0.30567116 15.2720836   3.47344864 18.28791085\n",
      "  2.28927786  0.24257597  0.07157541 16.00167138]\n",
      "4 best features: dict_keys(['bonus', 'exercised_stock_options', 'total_stock_value', 'salary'])\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 3.5 function using SelectKBest\n",
    "def get_k_best(data_dict, features_list, k):\n",
    "    \"\"\" runs scikit-learn's SelectKBest feature selection\n",
    "        returns dict where keys=features, values=scores\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    data = featureFormat(data_dict, features_list)\n",
    "    labels, features = targetFeatureSplit(data)\n",
    "\n",
    "    k_best = SelectKBest(k=k)\n",
    "    k_best.fit(features, labels)\n",
    "    scores = k_best.scores_\n",
    "    print(scores)\n",
    "    unsorted_pairs = zip(features_list[1:], scores)\n",
    "    sorted_pairs = list(reversed(sorted(unsorted_pairs, key=lambda x: x[1])))\n",
    "    k_best_features = dict(sorted_pairs[:k])\n",
    "    print (\"{0} best features: {1}\\n\".format(k, k_best_features.keys(), scores))\n",
    "    return k_best_features\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "best_features = get_k_best(my_dataset, my_feature_list, num_features)\n",
    "\n",
    "my_feature_list = [target_label] + list(set(best_features.keys()))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4 selected features: ['total_stock_value', 'exercised_stock_options', 'bonus', 'salary']\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 3.6 print features\n",
    "print (\"{0} selected features: {1}\\n\".format(len(my_feature_list) - 1, my_feature_list[1:]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 3.7 extract the features specified in features_list\n",
    "data = featureFormat(my_dataset, my_feature_list,sort_keys = True)\n",
    "# split into labels and features\n",
    "labels, features = targetFeatureSplit(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 3.8 scale features via min-max\n",
    "from sklearn import preprocessing\n",
    "scaler = preprocessing.MinMaxScaler()\n",
    "features = scaler.fit_transform(features)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h3>Task 4: Using algorithm</h3>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "GaussianNB()\n",
      "\n",
      "Processing....................................................................................................done.\n",
      "\n",
      "precision: 0.500300505050505\n",
      "recall:    0.36895656565656565\n",
      "Pipeline(steps=[('scaler', StandardScaler()),\n",
      "                ('classifier',\n",
      "                 LogisticRegression(C=1e-08, multi_class='ovr', random_state=42,\n",
      "                                    solver='liblinear', tol=0.001))])\n",
      "\n",
      "Processing....................................................................................................done.\n",
      "\n",
      "precision: 0.573896028971029\n",
      "recall:    0.34958174603174597\n",
      "KMeans(n_clusters=2, tol=0.001)\n",
      "\n",
      "Processing....................................................................................................done.\n",
      "\n",
      "precision: 0.322760586811512\n",
      "recall:    0.3449353896103896\n",
      "SVC(C=1000, class_weight='balanced', gamma=0.0001, random_state=42)\n",
      "\n",
      "Processing....................................................................................................done.\n",
      "\n",
      "precision: 0.5629471457438331\n",
      "recall:    0.17624101731601732\n",
      "RandomForestClassifier(max_depth=5, max_features='sqrt', n_estimators=10,\n",
      "                       random_state=42)\n",
      "\n",
      "Processing....................................................................................................done.\n",
      "\n",
      "precision: 0.515594227994228\n",
      "recall:    0.2788791125541125\n",
      "GradientBoostingClassifier(random_state=42)\n",
      "\n",
      "Processing....................................................................................................done.\n",
      "\n",
      "precision: 0.4893010822510822\n",
      "recall:    0.3428220057720058\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import warnings \n",
    "warnings.filterwarnings(\"ignore\")\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.1  Gaussian Naive Bayes Classifier\n",
    "from sklearn.naive_bayes import GaussianNB\n",
    "g_clf = GaussianNB()\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.2  Logistic Regression Classifier\n",
    "from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression\n",
    "\n",
    "l_clf = Pipeline(steps=[\n",
    "        ('scaler', StandardScaler()),\n",
    "        ('classifier', LogisticRegression(C=1e-08, class_weight=None, dual=False, fit_intercept=True, intercept_scaling=1, \n",
    "max_iter=100, multi_class='ovr', penalty='l2', random_state=42, solver='liblinear', tol=0.001, verbose=0))])\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.3  K-means Clustering\n",
    "from sklearn.cluster import KMeans\n",
    "k_clf = KMeans(n_clusters=2, tol=0.001)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.4 Support Vector Machine Classifier\n",
    "from sklearn.svm import SVC\n",
    "s_clf = SVC(kernel='rbf', C=1000,gamma = 0.0001,random_state = 42, class_weight = 'balanced')\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.5 Random Forest\n",
    "from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier\n",
    "rf_clf = RandomForestClassifier(max_depth = 5,max_features = 'sqrt',n_estimators = 10, random_state = 42)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.6 Gradient Boosting Classifier\n",
    "from sklearn.ensemble  import GradientBoostingClassifier\n",
    "gb_clf = GradientBoostingClassifier(loss='deviance', learning_rate=0.1, n_estimators=100,random_state = 42)\n",
    "\n",
    "###4.7 evaluate function\n",
    "def evaluate_clf(clf, features, labels, num_iters=1000, test_size=0.3):\n",
    "    print (clf)\n",
    "    accuracy = []\n",
    "    precision = []\n",
    "    recall = []\n",
    "    first = True\n",
    "    for trial in range(num_iters):\n",
    "        features_train, features_test, labels_train, labels_test =\\\n",
    "            train_test_split(features, labels, test_size=test_size)\n",
    "        clf.fit(features_train, labels_train)\n",
    "        predictions = clf.predict(features_test)\n",
    "        accuracy.append(accuracy_score(labels_test, predictions))\n",
    "        precision.append(precision_score(labels_test, predictions))\n",
    "        recall.append(recall_score(labels_test, predictions))\n",
    "        if trial % 10 == 0:\n",
    "            if first:\n",
    "                sys.stdout.write('\\nProcessing')\n",
    "            sys.stdout.write('.')\n",
    "            sys.stdout.flush()\n",
    "            first = False\n",
    "\n",
    "    print (\"done.\\n\")\n",
    "    print (\"precision: {}\".format(mean(precision)))\n",
    "    print (\"recall:    {}\".format(mean(recall)))\n",
    "    return mean(precision), mean(recall)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "### 4.8 Evaluate all functions\n",
    "evaluate_clf(g_clf, features, labels)\n",
    "evaluate_clf(l_clf, features, labels)\n",
    "evaluate_clf(k_clf, features, labels)\n",
    "evaluate_clf(s_clf, features, labels)\n",
    "evaluate_clf(rf_clf, features, labels)\n",
    "evaluate_clf(gb_clf, features, labels)\n",
    "\n",
    "### Select Logistic Regression as final algorithm\n",
    "clf = l_clf\n",
    "\n",
    "# dump your classifier, dataset and features_list so\n",
    "# anyone can run/check your results\n",
    "\n",
    "pickle.dump(clf, open(\"../final_project/my_classifier.pkl\", \"wb\"))\n",
    "pickle.dump(my_dataset, open(\"../final_project/my_dataset.pkl\", \"wb\"))\n",
    "pickle.dump(my_feature_list, open(\"../final_project/my_feature_list.pkl\", \"wb\"))\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**We decided to poursue our classification with the logistic regression as it presented the best precision and recall metrics for our data.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h3>Task 5: Tune your classifier to achieve better than .42 precision and recall using the testing script</h3>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### Check the tester.py script in the final project\n",
    "### folder for details on the evaluation method, especially the test_classifier\n",
    "### function. Because of the small size of the dataset, the script uses\n",
    "### stratified shuffle split cross validation. For more info: \n",
    "### http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cross_validation.StratifiedShuffleSplit.html\n",
    "\n",
    "# Example starting point. Try investigating other evaluation techniques!\n",
    "\n",
    "features_train, features_test, labels_train, labels_test = \\\n",
    "    train_test_split(features, labels, test_size=0.3, random_state=42)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h5>Parameter tuning & optimization with GridSearchCV</h5>\n",
    " \n",
    "In order to find the best parameters for our logistic regression we used the GridSearchCV algorithm, which also employs cross validation with the StratifiedKFolds cross-validator."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV\n",
    "from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression\n",
    "from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, precision_score, recall_score, f1_score, make_scorer, confusion_matrix\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedKFold\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "\n",
    "#pipe = Pipeline([('classifier' , LogisticRegression())])\n",
    "pipe = LogisticRegression()\n",
    "solvers = ['newton-cg', 'lbfgs', 'liblinear']\n",
    "penalty = ['l1','l2']\n",
    "c_values = np.logspace(-4, 4, 20)\n",
    "n_features = np.arange(1, len(features_list))\n",
    "param_grid = {\n",
    "    'solver' : solvers,\n",
    "    'penalty' : penalty,\n",
    "    'C' : c_values\n",
    "}\n",
    "cv = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=10)\n",
    "\n",
    "scorers = {\n",
    "    'precision_score': make_scorer(precision_score),\n",
    "    'recall_score': make_scorer(recall_score),\n",
    "    'accuracy_score': make_scorer(accuracy_score),\n",
    "    'f1_score' : make_scorer(f1_score)\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "We chose to optimise the F1 score because it conveys the balance between the precision and the recall."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def grid_search_wrapper(refit_score='f1_score'):\n",
    "\n",
    "    cv = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=10)\n",
    "    best_clf = GridSearchCV(pipe, param_grid, scoring=scorers, refit=refit_score,\n",
    "                           cv=cv, return_train_score=True, n_jobs=-1)\n",
    "    best_clf.fit(features_train, labels_train)\n",
    "\n",
    "    # make the predictions\n",
    "    y_pred = best_clf.predict(features_test)\n",
    "\n",
    "    print('Best params for {}'.format(refit_score))\n",
    "    print(best_clf.best_params_)\n",
    "\n",
    "    # confusion matrix on the test data.\n",
    "    print('\\nConfusion matrix of Logistic Regression optimized for {} on the test data:'.format(refit_score))\n",
    "    print(pd.DataFrame(confusion_matrix(labels_test, y_pred),\n",
    "                 columns=['pred_neg', 'pred_pos'], index=['neg', 'pos']))\n",
    "    return best_clf"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Best params for f1_score\n",
      "{'C': 1.623776739188721, 'penalty': 'l1', 'solver': 'liblinear'}\n",
      "\n",
      "Confusion matrix of Logistic Regression optimized for f1_score on the test data:\n",
      "     pred_neg  pred_pos\n",
      "neg        32         0\n",
      "pos         5         1\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "grid_search_clf = grid_search_wrapper(refit_score='f1_score')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Assigning best parameters to logistic regression\n",
    "from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression\n",
    "l_clf = Pipeline(steps=[\n",
    "        ('scaler', StandardScaler()),\n",
    "        ('classifier', LogisticRegression(C=1.623776739188721, class_weight='balanced', dual=False, fit_intercept=True, intercept_scaling=1, \n",
    "max_iter=100, multi_class='ovr', penalty='l1', random_state=42, solver='liblinear', tol=0.001, verbose=0))])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Updating parameters for logistic regression\n",
    "clf = l_clf"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The code below was used for the tuning of the random forest.\n",
    "However it should not be used as in the end we chose logistic regression, which has better results."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV\n",
    "from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import RepeatedStratifiedKFold\n",
    "from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, precision_score, recall_score, f1_score, make_scorer, confusion_matrix\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedKFold\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "\n",
    "pipe = RandomForestClassifier(n_jobs=-1)\n",
    "\n",
    "param_grid = {\n",
    "    'min_samples_split': [3, 5, 10], \n",
    "    'n_estimators' : [100, 300],\n",
    "    'max_depth': [3, 5, 15, 25],\n",
    "    'max_features': [3, 5, 10, 20]\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "scorers = {\n",
    "    'precision_score': make_scorer(precision_score),\n",
    "    'recall_score': make_scorer(recall_score),\n",
    "    'accuracy_score': make_scorer(accuracy_score),\n",
    "    'f1_score' : make_scorer(f1_score)\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def grid_search_wrapper(refit_score='f1_score'):\n",
    "\n",
    "    cv = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=10)\n",
    "    best_clf = GridSearchCV(pipe, param_grid, scoring=scorers, refit=refit_score,\n",
    "                           cv=cv, return_train_score=True, n_jobs=-1)\n",
    "    best_clf.fit(features_train, labels_train)\n",
    "\n",
    "    # make the predictions\n",
    "    predict = best_clf.predict(features_test)\n",
    "\n",
    "    print('Best params for {}'.format(refit_score))\n",
    "    print(best_clf.best_params_)\n",
    "\n",
    "    # confusion matrix on the test data.\n",
    "    print('\\nConfusion matrix of Random Forest optimized for {} on the test data:'.format(refit_score))\n",
    "    print(pd.DataFrame(confusion_matrix(labels_test, predict),\n",
    "                 columns=['pred_neg', 'pred_pos'], index=['neg', 'pos']))\n",
    "    return best_clf"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Best params for f1_score\n",
      "{'max_depth': 3, 'max_features': 3, 'min_samples_split': 3, 'n_estimators': 100}\n",
      "\n",
      "Confusion matrix of Random Forest optimized for f1_score on the test data:\n",
      "     pred_neg  pred_pos\n",
      "neg        32         0\n",
      "pos         5         1\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Assigning best parameters to random forest\n",
    "\n",
    "grid_search_clf = grid_search_wrapper(refit_score='f1_score')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "rf_clf = RandomForestClassifier(max_depth = 15 , max_features = 3 , n_estimators = 300, random_state = 42, min_samples_split = 5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h3>Task 6: Dump your classifier, dataset, and features_list so anyone can check your results</h3>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "###You do not need to change anything below, but make sure\n",
    "### that the version of poi_id.py that you submit can be run on its own and\n",
    "### generates the necessary .pkl files for validating your results.\n",
    "\n",
    "dump_classifier_and_data(clf, my_dataset, features_list)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Pipeline(steps=[('scaler', StandardScaler()),\n",
      "                ('classifier',\n",
      "                 LogisticRegression(C=1.623776739188721,\n",
      "                                    class_weight='balanced', multi_class='ovr',\n",
      "                                    penalty='l1', random_state=42,\n",
      "                                    solver='liblinear', tol=0.001))])\n",
      "\tAccuracy: 0.82286\tPrecision: 0.42448\tRecall: 0.67450\tF1: 0.52105\tF2: 0.60342\n",
      "\tTotal predictions: 14000\tTrue positives: 1349\tFalse positives: 1829\tFalse negatives:  651\tTrue negatives: 10171\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#TESTER.PY\n",
    "\n",
    "#!/usr/bin/pickle python -W ignore::DeprecationWarning\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\" a basic script for importing student's POI identifier,\n",
    "    and checking the results that they get from it \n",
    " \n",
    "    requires that the algorithm, dataset, and features list\n",
    "    be written to my_classifier.pkl, my_dataset.pkl, and\n",
    "    my_feature_list.pkl, respectively\n",
    "\n",
    "    that process should happen at the end of poi_id.py\n",
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "\n",
    "import pickle\n",
    "import sys\n",
    "sys.path.append(\"../tools/\")\n",
    "from feature_format import featureFormat, targetFeatureSplit\n",
    "\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedShuffleSplit\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "PERF_FORMAT_STRING = \"\\\n",
    "\\tAccuracy: {:>0.{display_precision}f}\\tPrecision: {:>0.{display_precision}f}\\t\\\n",
    "Recall: {:>0.{display_precision}f}\\tF1: {:>0.{display_precision}f}\\tF2: {:>0.{display_precision}f}\"\n",
    "RESULTS_FORMAT_STRING = \"\\tTotal predictions: {:4d}\\tTrue positives: {:4d}\\tFalse positives: {:4d}\\\n",
    "\\tFalse negatives: {:4d}\\tTrue negatives: {:4d}\"\n",
    "\n",
    "def test_classifier(clf, dataset, feature_list, folds = 1000):\n",
    "    data = featureFormat(dataset, feature_list, sort_keys = True)\n",
    "    labels, features = targetFeatureSplit(data)\n",
    "    cv = StratifiedShuffleSplit(n_splits=folds, random_state=42)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    true_negatives = 0\n",
    "    false_negatives = 0\n",
    "    true_positives = 0\n",
    "    false_positives = 0\n",
    "    for train_idx, test_idx in cv.split(features, labels):\n",
    "        features_train = []\n",
    "        features_test  = []\n",
    "        labels_train   = []\n",
    "        labels_test    = []\n",
    "        for ii in train_idx:\n",
    "            features_train.append( features[ii] )\n",
    "            labels_train.append( labels[ii] )\n",
    "        for jj in test_idx:\n",
    "            features_test.append( features[jj] )\n",
    "            labels_test.append( labels[jj] )\n",
    "        \n",
    "        ### fit the classifier using training set, and test on test set\n",
    "        clf.fit(features_train, labels_train)\n",
    "        predictions = clf.predict(features_test)\n",
    "        for prediction, truth in zip(predictions, labels_test):\n",
    "            if prediction == 0 and truth == 0:\n",
    "                true_negatives += 1\n",
    "            elif prediction == 0 and truth == 1:\n",
    "                false_negatives += 1\n",
    "            elif prediction == 1 and truth == 0:\n",
    "                false_positives += 1\n",
    "            elif prediction == 1 and truth == 1:\n",
    "                true_positives += 1\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                print (\"Warning: Found a predicted label not == 0 or 1.\")\n",
    "                print (\"All predictions should take value 0 or 1.\")\n",
    "                print (\"Evaluating performance for processed predictions:\")\n",
    "                break\n",
    "    try:\n",
    "        total_predictions = true_negatives + false_negatives + false_positives + true_positives\n",
    "        accuracy = 1.0*(true_positives + true_negatives)/total_predictions\n",
    "        precision = 1.0*true_positives/(true_positives+false_positives)\n",
    "        recall = 1.0*true_positives/(true_positives+false_negatives)\n",
    "        f1 = 2.0 * true_positives/(2*true_positives + false_positives+false_negatives)\n",
    "        f2 = (1+2.0*2.0) * precision*recall/(4*precision + recall)\n",
    "        print (clf)\n",
    "        print (PERF_FORMAT_STRING.format(accuracy, precision, recall, f1, f2, display_precision = 5))\n",
    "        print (RESULTS_FORMAT_STRING.format(total_predictions, true_positives, false_positives, false_negatives, true_negatives))\n",
    "        print (\"\")\n",
    "    except:\n",
    "        print (\"Got a divide by zero when trying out:\", clf)\n",
    "        print (\"Precision or recall may be undefined due to a lack of true positive predicitons.\")\n",
    "\n",
    "CLF_PICKLE_FILENAME = \"my_classifier.pkl\"\n",
    "DATASET_PICKLE_FILENAME = \"my_dataset.pkl\"\n",
    "FEATURE_LIST_FILENAME = \"my_feature_list.pkl\"\n",
    "\n",
    "def dump_classifier_and_data(clf, dataset, feature_list):\n",
    "    with open(CLF_PICKLE_FILENAME, \"wb\") as clf_outfile:\n",
    "        pickle.dump(clf, clf_outfile)\n",
    "    with open(DATASET_PICKLE_FILENAME, \"wb\") as dataset_outfile:\n",
    "        pickle.dump(dataset, dataset_outfile)\n",
    "    with open(FEATURE_LIST_FILENAME, \"wb\") as featurelist_outfile:\n",
    "        pickle.dump(feature_list, featurelist_outfile)\n",
    "\n",
    "def load_classifier_and_data():\n",
    "    with open(CLF_PICKLE_FILENAME, \"rb\") as clf_infile:\n",
    "        clf = pickle.load(clf_infile)\n",
    "    with open(DATASET_PICKLE_FILENAME, \"rb\") as dataset_infile:\n",
    "        dataset = pickle.load(dataset_infile)\n",
    "    with open(FEATURE_LIST_FILENAME, \"rb\") as featurelist_infile:\n",
    "        feature_list = pickle.load(featurelist_infile)\n",
    "    return clf, dataset, feature_list\n",
    "\n",
    "def main():\n",
    "    ### load up student's classifier, dataset, and feature_list\n",
    "    clf, dataset, feature_list = load_classifier_and_data()\n",
    "    ### Run testing script\n",
    "    test_classifier(clf, dataset, feature_list)\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    main()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h2>Conclusions</h2>\n",
    "\n",
    "The feature selection with SelectKBest resulted in 4 features we would not have intuitively think of: <br>\n",
    "</br>'exercised_stock_options', 'salary', 'total_stock_value', and 'bonus'.<br>\n",
    "</br>Indeed what would come naturally to the human mind would be features such as the number of emails from/to a POI received or sent by an Enron employee.<br></br>We can consider that using this algorithm enabled us to achieve higher metrics, in the same way as the GridSearchCV for tuning our logistic regression parameters.  \n",
    "\n",
    "Our final results have a precision score of 0.424 and a recall score of 0.675. This translates as of all the people identified as POI by our model 42.4% were indeed POI, and that our model identified 67.5% of the POI present in the dataset as such.\n",
    "\n",
    "Those scores might appear as quite low but we had to consider a relatively small dataset to build our model. Moreover the number of non-POI in the dataset is way higher than the number of POI (128 to 18), which make it more difficult to create a reliable algorithm to detect the POI. \n",
    "\n",
    "Another way to improve these scores would be to explore the email data we have not handled, which might lead to the finding of new interesting patterns and more accuracy in our prediction.\n"
   ]
  }
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