GUI.md

GUI Back

• GUI(Graphics User Interface)
• AWT(Abstract Windowing Toolkit), 是java的一個基本類庫, 用於提供GUI設計, 以及鼠標鍵盤事件的監聽
• Swing是AWT的一個擴展, 可以編寫採用本地風格的GUI
• Container是包括容器類的所有GUI類的根類
• all the components inherited from Window cannot add to a container(Container).

• JComponent是Container的子類

Container

JComponent

JPanel

JList

AbstractButton

JButton

Four "top-level" Containers of Swing

4個容器都可以通過getContentPane()來獲取對應的Container, 然後添加對應的顯示組件

• ####JFrame 主要用於創建複雜Desktop App

• ####JApplet 主要創建Browser App

• ####JDialog 主要創建彈出的Dialog(消息框)

• ####JWindow 輕量級JFrame, 沒有標題欄和窗口按鈕

Middle-level Containers

• ####JPanel

• ####JScrollPane

• ####JSplitPane

• ####JTabbedPane

• ####JToolBar

Event Handler

eg. 以關閉按鈕為例

Method 1

• ####確定事件類型以及事件對應的接口

• ####實現接口裏的方法

class My_frame extends JFrame implements ActionListner{ //implement public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){ System.exit(0); } }

- ####註冊監聽對象

	```java
class My_frame extends JFrame implements ActionListner{
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){//...}
	public My_frame(){
		JButton CloseButton = new JButton();
		CloseButton.addActionListner(this);
	}
}

Method 2

• ####直接添加(內部類)

class My_frame extends JFrame{ public My_frame(){ JButton CloseButton = new JButton(); CloseButton.addActionListner(new ActionListner(){ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){ System.exit(0); } }); } }

### Desktop App

```java
class My_frame extends JFrame
{
	private JPanel contentPane;
	
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					My_frame frame = new My_frame();
					frame.setVisible(true);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
	}

	public My_frame(){
		contentPane = JPanel();
		contentPane.add(JComponent component);
		setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
		contentPane = new JPanel();
		contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
		contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));
		
		setContentPane(contentPane);
	}
}