2020_2021/lesson_6_2020.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [4,8,5,9,10]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import random\n",
    "students = [\n",
    "    'Tzwrtzina',\n",
    "    'Andreas',\n",
    "    'Xristos',\n",
    "    'Andromaxh',\n",
    "    'Danah',\n",
    "    'Antwnia',\n",
    "    'Aris',\n",
    "    'Maria',\n",
    "    'Sofia',\n",
    "    'Iwanna',\n",
    "    'Aggelos',\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "def random_student():\n",
    "    return random.choice(students)\n",
    "rs = random_student"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[4, 5, 8, 9, 10]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[8, 9, 10]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[8,9,10]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Sets"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set( [1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,3,2,1,3,3,2,1] )\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = {1,2,3,4}\n",
    "b = {3,4,5,6}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a & b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a | b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a - b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{5, 6}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b - a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.add(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a |= {6}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = a | {6}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len({})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(a) is set"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'.', '`', 'a', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'n', 's'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set('s.dkjfhakjdfhalkehfds.fna.sdjgfh`.dkfhjs.dkfgjasgf.ad')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "set([1,2,5,3,2,3,4,3,2,])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "5 in {1,3,6,8} "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "5 in {1,3,5,6,8} "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{0, 1, 2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{x%5 for x in range(100)}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = {3,4,5}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = {3:'a', 4:'b', 5:'c'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{3: 'a', 4: 'b', 5: 'c'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Danah'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "rs()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[(35, 45), (97, 103), (67, 75), (46, 56), (69, 76), (73, 78), (45, 54), (32, 38), (68, 74), (16, 21), (26, 31), (100, 108), (5, 11), (67, 74), (3, 9), (67, 74), (91, 96), (47, 56), (66, 72), (32, 41), (5, 14), (98, 105), (54, 60), (8, 18), (44, 51), (71, 77), (52, 60), (13, 21), (53, 63), (27, 34), (39, 49), (25, 35), (69, 75), (60, 65), (59, 64), (18, 28), (60, 68), (44, 49), (60, 70), (68, 76), (63, 70), (79, 87), (46, 51), (98, 103), (71, 78), (61, 70), (36, 46), (41, 47), (62, 72), (8, 15)]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import random\n",
    "\n",
    "l = []\n",
    "for x in range(50):\n",
    "    start = random.randint(1,100)\n",
    "    length = random.randint(5,10)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    l.append((start, start+length))\n",
    "print (l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l=[(35, 45), (97, 103), (67, 75), (46, 56), (69, 76), (73, 78), (45, 54), (32, 38), (68, 74), (16, 21), (26, 31), (100, 108), (5, 11), (67, 74), (3, 9), (67, 74), (91, 96), (47, 56), (66, 72), (32, 41), (5, 14), (98, 105), (54, 60), (8, 18), (44, 51), (71, 77), (52, 60), (13, 21), (53, 63), (27, 34), (39, 49), (25, 35), (69, 75), (60, 65), (59, 64), (18, 28), (60, 68), (44, 49), (60, 70), (68, 76), (63, 70), (79, 87), (46, 51), (98, 103), (71, 78), (61, 70), (36, 46), (41, 47), (62, 72), (8, 15)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "88\n",
      "89\n",
      "90\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for x in range(1,100):\n",
    "    for start, end in l:\n",
    "        if start<=x<=end:\n",
    "            break\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print (x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "88\n",
      "89\n",
      "90\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for x in range(1,100):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    in_space = False\n",
    "    for start, end in l:\n",
    "        if start<=x<=end:\n",
    "            in_space = True\n",
    "            break\n",
    "    if not in_space:\n",
    "        print (x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 88, 89, 90}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 56,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = set()\n",
    "for start, end in l:\n",
    "    s |= set(range(start, end+1))\n",
    "set(range(1,101)) - s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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       " 62,\n",
       " 63,\n",
       " 64,\n",
       " 65,\n",
       " 66,\n",
       " 67,\n",
       " 68,\n",
       " 69,\n",
       " 70,\n",
       " 68,\n",
       " 69,\n",
       " 70,\n",
       " 71,\n",
       " 72,\n",
       " 73,\n",
       " 74,\n",
       " 75,\n",
       " 76,\n",
       " 63,\n",
       " 64,\n",
       " 65,\n",
       " 66,\n",
       " 67,\n",
       " 68,\n",
       " 69,\n",
       " 70,\n",
       " 79,\n",
       " 80,\n",
       " 81,\n",
       " 82,\n",
       " 83,\n",
       " 84,\n",
       " 85,\n",
       " 86,\n",
       " 87,\n",
       " 46,\n",
       " 47,\n",
       " 48,\n",
       " 49,\n",
       " 50,\n",
       " 51,\n",
       " 98,\n",
       " 99,\n",
       " 100,\n",
       " 101,\n",
       " 102,\n",
       " 103,\n",
       " 71,\n",
       " 72,\n",
       " 73,\n",
       " 74,\n",
       " 75,\n",
       " 76,\n",
       " 77,\n",
       " 78,\n",
       " 61,\n",
       " 62,\n",
       " 63,\n",
       " 64,\n",
       " 65,\n",
       " 66,\n",
       " 67,\n",
       " 68,\n",
       " 69,\n",
       " 70,\n",
       " 36,\n",
       " 37,\n",
       " 38,\n",
       " 39,\n",
       " 40,\n",
       " 41,\n",
       " 42,\n",
       " 43,\n",
       " 44,\n",
       " 45,\n",
       " 46,\n",
       " 41,\n",
       " 42,\n",
       " 43,\n",
       " 44,\n",
       " 45,\n",
       " 46,\n",
       " 47,\n",
       " 62,\n",
       " 63,\n",
       " 64,\n",
       " 65,\n",
       " 66,\n",
       " 67,\n",
       " 68,\n",
       " 69,\n",
       " 70,\n",
       " 71,\n",
       " 72,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 9,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 11,\n",
       " 12,\n",
       " 13,\n",
       " 14,\n",
       " 15]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[x for start, end in l for x in range(start, end+1)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{3,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 5,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 7,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 9,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 11,\n",
       " 12,\n",
       " 13,\n",
       " 14,\n",
       " 15,\n",
       " 16,\n",
       " 17,\n",
       " 18,\n",
       " 19,\n",
       " 20,\n",
       " 21,\n",
       " 22,\n",
       " 23,\n",
       " 24,\n",
       " 25,\n",
       " 26,\n",
       " 27,\n",
       " 28,\n",
       " 29,\n",
       " 30,\n",
       " 31,\n",
       " 32,\n",
       " 33,\n",
       " 34,\n",
       " 35,\n",
       " 36,\n",
       " 37,\n",
       " 38,\n",
       " 39,\n",
       " 40,\n",
       " 41,\n",
       " 42,\n",
       " 43,\n",
       " 44,\n",
       " 45,\n",
       " 46,\n",
       " 47,\n",
       " 48,\n",
       " 49,\n",
       " 50,\n",
       " 51,\n",
       " 52,\n",
       " 53,\n",
       " 54,\n",
       " 55,\n",
       " 56,\n",
       " 57,\n",
       " 58,\n",
       " 59,\n",
       " 60,\n",
       " 61,\n",
       " 62,\n",
       " 63,\n",
       " 64,\n",
       " 65,\n",
       " 66,\n",
       " 67,\n",
       " 68,\n",
       " 69,\n",
       " 70,\n",
       " 71,\n",
       " 72,\n",
       " 73,\n",
       " 74,\n",
       " 75,\n",
       " 76,\n",
       " 77,\n",
       " 78,\n",
       " 79,\n",
       " 80,\n",
       " 81,\n",
       " 82,\n",
       " 83,\n",
       " 84,\n",
       " 85,\n",
       " 86,\n",
       " 87,\n",
       " 91,\n",
       " 92,\n",
       " 93,\n",
       " 94,\n",
       " 95,\n",
       " 96,\n",
       " 97,\n",
       " 98,\n",
       " 99,\n",
       " 100,\n",
       " 101,\n",
       " 102,\n",
       " 103,\n",
       " 104,\n",
       " 105,\n",
       " 106,\n",
       " 107,\n",
       " 108}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l_2 = []\n",
    "for start, end in l:\n",
    "    for i in range(start, end+1):\n",
    "        l_2.append(i)\n",
    "set(l_2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 88, 89, 90}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 70,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "set(range(1,101)) - set(\n",
    "    [i for start, end in l for i in range(start, end+1)]\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Tzwrtzina'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 73,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "rs()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Shadowing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sum([3,5,1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sum=10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 76,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'int' object is not callable",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-76-db1f18a1f134>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0msum\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'int' object is not callable"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sum([3,5,1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# sorting "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [5,2,8,7]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = sorted(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 84,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[5, 2, 8, 7]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print (a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Aris'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 83,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "rs()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 85,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.sort() # sorting in-place"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 5, 7, 8]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 86,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [5,2,8,7]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 88,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[8, 7, 5, 2]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 88,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(a, reverse=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 89,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "cities = ['Athens', 'Heraklion', 'Thess']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Thess', 'Athens', 'Heraklion']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 90,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(cities, key=len)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 91,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Athens', 'Heraklion', 'Thess']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 91,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(cities)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 92,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def my_own(x):\n",
    "    return x[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Thess', 'Athens', 'Heraklion']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 93,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(cities, key=my_own)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 94,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {\n",
    "    'Heraklion' : 200000,\n",
    "    'Athens': 3500000,\n",
    "    'Thess': 500000,\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 95,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Sofia'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 95,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "rs()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 96,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 96,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=d.get)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 106,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 106,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 112,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def f(x):\n",
    "    return d[x]\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "sorted(d, key=f)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 114,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 114,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Heraklion')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 116,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 116,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=d.get)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 129,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Athens', 'Thess', 'Heraklion']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 129,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=lambda x : d[x], reverse=True) # To be explained "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 119,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 119,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 120,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Athens'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 120,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "max(d, key=d.get)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 121,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Heraklion'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 121,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "min(d, key=d.get)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 122,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 122,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 123,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3500000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 123,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d['Athens']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 124,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3500000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 124,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Athens')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Athensssss')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'what???'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 127,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Athensssss', 'what???')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 128,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3500000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 128,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Athens', 'what???')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Heraklion\n",
      "Athens\n",
      "Thess\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for x in d:\n",
    "    print (x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 101,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 101,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Heraklion')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 102,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Larissa')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 104,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 104,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Heraklion', -1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 105,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "-1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 105,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d.get('Larissa', -1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 130,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Athens', 'Thess', 'Heraklion']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 130,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=d.get, reverse=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 131,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 131,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=d.get)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "def alex_get(d, key, default):\n",
    "    if key in d:\n",
    "        return d[key]\n",
    "    return default\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 132,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 132,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 135,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Could not find it\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "city = 'Larissa'\n",
    "\n",
    "population = d.get(city, False)\n",
    "\n",
    "if population:\n",
    "    print (population)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print ('Could not find it')\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "200000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 100,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d['Heraklion']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "KeyError",
     "evalue": "'Larissa'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-103-2e76d5636459>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Larissa'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 'Larissa'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d['Larissa']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 141,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a= [random.randint(1,10) for x in range(100)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 10,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 8,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 6,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 4,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2,\n",
       " 2]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 144,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted((x for x in a if x%2==0), reverse=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 145,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "all(  [True, True, True]  )"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 146,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "all(  [True, True, False]  )"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 147,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "any([ False, False, False, True ])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 148,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "any([ False, False, False, False ])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 154,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 154,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "N = 102\n",
    "\n",
    "prime = not any([N%x==0 for x in range(2,101)])\n",
    "print (prime)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 157,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "N = 102\n",
    "\n",
    "prime = all([N%x != 0 for x in range(2,101)])\n",
    "print (prime)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Ternary operator\n",
    "\n",
    "operators: +,-,*,/, **, %, >, >=, <=, &, |, ==, !="
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 158,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "30"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 158,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "3 * 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 159,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 159,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "3  / 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 161,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "can't use starred expression here (<ipython-input-161-422cee96d4d9>, line 1)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;36m  File \u001b[0;32m\"<ipython-input-161-422cee96d4d9>\"\u001b[0;36m, line \u001b[0;32m1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    * 10\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m        ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m can't use starred expression here\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "* 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 162,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "SyntaxError",
     "evalue": "invalid syntax (<ipython-input-162-15947e36ee64>, line 1)",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;36m  File \u001b[0;32m\"<ipython-input-162-15947e36ee64>\"\u001b[0;36m, line \u001b[0;32m1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m    10 *\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m        ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "10 *"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 166,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "-5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 166,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "-5\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 167,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 167,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "+5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 168,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 168,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "not False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Unary operators: +, -, NOT"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dual operators: *, +, /, ... and, or, <, >"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ternary operator"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 170,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ok\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b = 5\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 'ok' if b>3 else 'not ok'\n",
    "\n",
    "print (a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 171,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "not ok\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b = 1\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 'ok' if b>3 else 'not ok'\n",
    "\n",
    "print (a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if b>3:\n",
    "    a='ok'\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    a='not ok'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 172,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 'ok' if b>3 else 'not ok'\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 173,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Insert a value:5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = input('Insert a value:')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 174,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print (3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### del"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 175,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a=3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 176,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "del a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 179,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def f():\n",
    "    a = list(range(10_000_000))\n",
    "    return 'mitsos'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 180,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'mitsos'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 180,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### Garbage collector"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 178,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1000000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 178,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1_000_000"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 181,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [3,5,7,9]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 182,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = a[:2] + a[3:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 183,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 5, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 183,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 184,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [3,5,7,9]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 185,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "del a[2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 186,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 5, 9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 186,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 187,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 187,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 188,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "del d['Athens']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 189,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 189,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 190,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d={'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 191,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {k:v for k,v in d.items() if k!='Athens'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 192,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'Heraklion': 200000, 'Thess': 500000}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 192,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### assert"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 193,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 5\n",
    "\n",
    "assert a>0\n",
    "\n",
    "print ('hello')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 194,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AssertionError",
     "evalue": "",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mAssertionError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-194-a84775ab75cd>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32massert\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m>\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      5\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'hello'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mAssertionError\u001b[0m: "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = -5\n",
    "\n",
    "assert a>0\n",
    "\n",
    "print ('hello')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 195,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AssertionError",
     "evalue": "This shouldn't happen",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mAssertionError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-195-e42bd29b08a6>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32massert\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m>\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\"This shouldn't happen\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      5\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'hello'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mAssertionError\u001b[0m: This shouldn't happen"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = -5\n",
    "\n",
    "assert a>0, \"This shouldn't happen\"\n",
    "\n",
    "print ('hello')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### lambda functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 196,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def f(x):\n",
    "    return x/2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 202,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 202,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 203,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 203,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f = lambda x : x/2\n",
    "f(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 205,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {'Heraklion': 200000, 'Athens': 3500000, 'Thess': 500000}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 206,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 206,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=d.get)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 207,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 207,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=lambda x : d[x])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 214,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 214,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def f(x):\n",
    "    return d[x]\n",
    "\n",
    "sorted(d, key=f)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 249,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 249,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def g(x):\n",
    "    return x\n",
    "\n",
    "g(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 233,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'mitsos'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 233,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "g('mitsos')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 247,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#g=5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 250,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Athens', 'Heraklion', 'Thess']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 250,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d, key=g)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 235,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Athens', 'Heraklion', 'Thess']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 235,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(d)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 226,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Heraklion', 'Thess', 'Athens']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 226,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def alex_sorted(L, key=g):\n",
    "\n",
    "    sort_according_list = []\n",
    "    for x in L:\n",
    "        sort_according_to_this = key(x)\n",
    "        #print (x, sort_according_to_this)\n",
    "        sort_according_list.append(sort_according_to_this)\n",
    "    #print (sort_according_list)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    enumeration = []\n",
    "    for index, x in enumerate(sort_according_list):\n",
    "        #print (index, x)\n",
    "        #enumeration.append((index, x))\n",
    "        enumeration.append((x, index))\n",
    "    #print (enumeration)\n",
    "    enumeration_sorted = sorted(enumeration)\n",
    "    #print (enumeration_sorted)\n",
    "    indexes_of_sorted_values = [x[1] for x in enumeration_sorted]\n",
    "    #print (indexes_of_sorted_values)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    input_as_list = list(L)\n",
    "    return [input_as_list[i] for i in indexes_of_sorted_values]\n",
    "        \n",
    "alex_sorted(d, f)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 227,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "8"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 227,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def f(a, b=2):\n",
    "    return a+b\n",
    "\n",
    "f(3,5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 228,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 228,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 229,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 229,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f(3, b=6)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 230,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "f() missing 1 required positional argument: 'b'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-230-69f0265f11f6>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m\u001b[0mb\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 4\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: f() missing 1 required positional argument: 'b'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def f(a,b):\n",
    "    return a+b\n",
    "\n",
    "f(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 199,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 199,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = []\n",
    "for x in range(10):\n",
    "    a.append(x/2)\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 201,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 'Mitsos']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 201,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[x/2 for x in range(10)] + ['Mitsos']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 243,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def f(x, my_fabulous_function):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return x + my_fabulous_function(x)\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 239,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def fab_a(x):\n",
    "    return x+10\n",
    "def fab_b(x):\n",
    "    return x/2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 245,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "30"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 245,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f(10, my_fabulous_function=fab_a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 246,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "45.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 246,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f(30, my_fabulous_function=fab_b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 251,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'int' object is not callable",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-251-30f2de8dd48b>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m30\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmy_fabulous_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m15\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-243-69204fcac5f5>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mf\u001b[0;34m(x, my_fabulous_function)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmy_fabulous_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 5\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mx\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmy_fabulous_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'int' object is not callable"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f(30, my_fabulous_function=15)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Φτιάξτε μία συνάρτηση με το όνομα f η οποία να επιστρέφει μία συνάρτηση η οποία να επιτρέφει μία συνάρτηση η οποία να επιστρέφει μία λίστα της οποίας το 2ο στοιχείο να είναι μία συνάρτηση η οποία να επιστρέφει το string 'mitsos'. Θα πρέπει δηλαδή να μπορώ να κάνω:\n",
    "\n",
    "```\n",
    "f()()()[1]()\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 255,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def f():\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def g():\n",
    "        \n",
    "        def h():\n",
    "            \n",
    "            def l():\n",
    "                return 'Mitsos'\n",
    "            return [55, l]\n",
    "            \n",
    "        return h\n",
    "        \n",
    "        \n",
    "    return g"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 256,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Mitsos'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 256,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f()()()[1]()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 264,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def l():\n",
    "    return 'mitsos'\n",
    "\n",
    "def h():\n",
    "    return [1, l]\n",
    "\n",
    "def g():\n",
    "    return h\n",
    "\n",
    "def f():\n",
    "    return g"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 265,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'mitsos'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 265,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f()()()[1]()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 266,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def f1():\n",
    "    return 'Hello'\n",
    "def f2():\n",
    "    return 'world'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 267,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = [f1, f2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 270,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 270,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l[0]()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 271,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'world'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 271,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l[1]()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 269,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Tzwrtzina'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 269,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "rs()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [31, -28, 14, -12, -4, 44, 47, 2, -48, -5, -43, 32, 0, -4, 24, -46, -12, 38, -38, -27, -23, -26, 10, 42, 26, -20, -43, -50, \n",
    "2, 42, 32, 17, -33, 5, 42, 28, 2, 12, 9, -33, 22, 10, 3, 34, 12, 17, 21, 17, 24, 22, 21, -35, 33, 12, -43, 49, -17, 3, -2, \n",
    "-25, -29, -35, -26, -25, -22, -33, 10, 26, -41, 29, 6, -10, 15, -28, -23, -35, -1, -16, 24, -45, -50, -17, 20, 12, -32, 48, \n",
    "-48, 2, -41, 4, 5, 29, -36, -46, -6, -17, -18, 16, 42, 42]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 281,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "100"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 281,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<function sum(iterable, start=0, /)>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sum"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "56\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "l = []\n",
    "for index, element in enumerate(a):\n",
    "    #if index == 0:\n",
    "    #    continue\n",
    "    #print (a[:index])\n",
    "    s = sum(a[:index])\n",
    "    l.append( (s, index ) )\n",
    "    #print (l)\n",
    "#print (l)\n",
    "print (max(l)[1])\n",
    "#print (l.index(max(l)))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "56"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "max((sum(a[:index]), index ) for index, element in enumerate(a))[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "56"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "max((sum(a[:index]), index ) for index in range(len(a)))[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sum(a[:0])\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(344, (28, 55))\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "L = []\n",
    "for i in range(len(a)):\n",
    "    for j in range(i+1, len(a)):\n",
    "        s = sum(a[i:j+1])\n",
    "        L.append( (s, (i,j)))\n",
    "        \n",
    "print (max(L))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
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