if, for and loop statements in Python #3.ipynb

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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# [Amin M. Boulouma Blog](https://amboulouma.com)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## if, for and loop statements in Python #3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> [Reminder] 🔔\n",
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   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Hosted by Amin M. Boulouma, contact and questions: [amine.boulouma.com](https://amine.boulouma.com)\n",
    "- Python tutorial made simple: https://youtu.be/vQqisFjAnsE\n",
    "- Source code: https://amboulouma.com/python-tutorial\n",
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   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### if Statements"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Please enter an integer: 1\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = int(input(\"Please enter an integer: \"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Single\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "if x < 0:\n",
    "    x = 0\n",
    "    print('Negative changed to zero')\n",
    "elif x == 0: # if ... Else if ... Else\n",
    "    print('Zero')\n",
    "elif x == 1:\n",
    "    print('Single')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('More')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### for Statements"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "cat 3\n",
      "window 6\n",
      "defenestrate 12\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Measure some strings:\n",
    "words = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate']\n",
    "for w in words:\n",
    "    print(w, len(w))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### The range() Function"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(5):\n",
    "    print(i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0 Mary\n",
      "2 a\n",
      "4 lamb\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = ['Mary', 'had', 'a', 'little', 'lamb'] # len(a) == 5 ==> range(5)\n",
    "for i in range(0, len(a), 2):\n",
    "     print(i, a[i])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "range(1, 10, 2)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(range(1, 10, 2)) #start, end, step"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sum(range(4))  # 0 + 1 + 2 + 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(range(4))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### break and continue Statements, and else Clauses on Loops"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Prime number printing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2 is a prime number\n",
      "3 is a prime number\n",
      "4 equals 2 * 2\n",
      "5 is a prime number\n",
      "6 equals 2 * 3\n",
      "7 is a prime number\n",
      "8 equals 2 * 4\n",
      "9 equals 3 * 3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for n in range(2, 10): # n: 2 ... 10\n",
    "    for x in range(2, n): # x: 2 ... n\n",
    "        if n % x == 0: # n = 5, x: 2 ... 5, n%x == 0 means that n is divisble by x\n",
    "            print(n, 'equals', x, '*', n//x)\n",
    "            break\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        # loop fell through without finding a factor\n",
    "        print(n, 'is a prime number')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Found an even number 2\n",
      "Found an odd number 3\n",
      "Found an even number 4\n",
      "Found an odd number 5\n",
      "Found an even number 6\n",
      "Found an odd number 7\n",
      "Found an even number 8\n",
      "Found an odd number 9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for num in range(2, 10):\n",
    "    if num % 2 == 0:\n",
    "        print(\"Found an even number\", num)\n",
    "        continue # go to the next iteration of the loop, continue executing the loop with the next iteration\n",
    "    print(\"Found an odd number\", num)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### pass Statements"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "KeyboardInterrupt",
     "evalue": "",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m-------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyboardInterrupt\u001b[0mTraceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-20-87cd07648683>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mwhile\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mTrue\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m      \u001b[0;32mpass\u001b[0m  \u001b[0;31m# Busy-wait for keyboard interrupt (Ctrl+C)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyboardInterrupt\u001b[0m: "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "while True:\n",
    "     pass  # Busy-wait for keyboard interrupt (Ctrl+C)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class MyEmptyClass:\n",
    "     pass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def initlog(*args):\n",
    "     pass   # Remember to implement this!"
   ]
  }
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