[Subtask] Propose a draft design to add Hologres JDBC Catalog Support

[TimothyDing]

Describe the subtask

Describe the subtask
This issue tracks the design work for the Hologres JDBC catalog.

Parent issue

#9886

[TimothyDing]

Here is the design document. Please feel free to leave your comments.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1POBdKKJc2xKHC31F8kwAmYK9fiKqto-R3wA2GXdvpcM/edit?usp=sharing