metallurgy_Cu.qmd

---
title: Copper metallurgy
author: 
  - name: xxx
    corresponding: true
    orcid: 0000-0001-2345-6789
    email: a@b.c
  - name: xxx
    orcid: 0000-0001-2345-6789
---

::: {.callout-caution title="In preparation"}
This chapter is in preparation. You are welcome to contribute!  
If you are interested to contribute, please get in contact with Thomas Rose, the editor of this interactive textbook, by [mail](mailto:thomas.rose@bergbaumuseum.de?subject=LIA%20textbook) or on [GitHub](https://github.com/archmetalDBM/GlobaLID-Edu). 
:::

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## Learning objective
In this unit you will gain understanding of copper smelting process.

## Prior knowledge
... building upon what you already know ... 

* about general metallurgical processes

## Material
Expert interview (S. Klein?)
summary slide of general process


## Learning content

* understanding of copper smelting processes


## Self check
Now you can provide answers to the following questions: 

* ... 

## Further reading
To delve deeper into this topic, we recommend the following resources... 

* Bamberger, M., and Wincierz, P., 1987, Ancient Smelting of Oxide Copper Ore, In The Ancient Metallurgy of Copper, 123 ff.* Lechtman, H., and Klein, S., 1999, The Production of Copper–Arsenic Alloys (Arsenic Bronze) by Cosmelting: Modern Experiment, Ancient Practice, Journal of Archaeological Science, 26(5), 497–526.
* Tylecote, R. F., 1974, Can Copper be smelted in a crucible, Journal of Historical Metallurgy Society, 8, 54–7.
* Doonan, R. C. P., 1994, Sweat, Fire and Brimstone: Pre-Treatment of Copper Ore and the Effects on Smelting Techniques, The Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society, 28(2), 84–98.
* Kądziołka, K., Pietranik, A., Kierczak, J., Potysz, A., and Stolarczyk, T., 2020, Towards better reconstruction of smelting temperatures: Methodological review and the case of historical K-rich Cu-slags from the Old Copper Basin, Poland, Journal of Archaeological Science, 118, 105142.
* Böhne, C., 1968, Über die Kupferverhüttung der Bronzezeit - Schmelzversuche mit Kupferkieserzen, Archaeologica Austraica(44), 49–60.
* Bachmann, H.-G., 1997, Zementation: Ein mehrdeutiger Begriff in der Metallurgie, Metalla.
* L’héritier, M., and Téreygeol, F., 2010, From copper to silver: understanding the saigerprozess through experimental liquation and drying, Historical metallurgy, 44(2), 136–52.

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