diff --git a/src/adapter/openai-to-cli.ts b/src/adapter/openai-to-cli.ts
index c8ecaa1..1c58510 100644
--- a/src/adapter/openai-to-cli.ts
+++ b/src/adapter/openai-to-cli.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Converts OpenAI chat request format to Claude CLI input
  */
 
-import type { OpenAIChatRequest } from "../types/openai.js";
+import type { OpenAIChatRequest, OpenAIContentPart } from "../types/openai.js";
 
 export type ClaudeModel = "opus" | "sonnet" | "haiku";
 
@@ -46,6 +46,28 @@ export function extractModel(model: string): ClaudeModel {
   return "opus";
 }
 
+/**
+ * Extract text from an OpenAI content field.
+ *
+ * The OpenAI Chat API accepts `content` as either a plain string or an array
+ * of content parts (e.g. `[{ type: "text", text: "hello" }]`).  Many upstream
+ * callers (OpenClaw, LiteLLM, …) send the array form even for text-only
+ * messages.  This helper normalises both representations to a single string.
+ */
+function extractContent(content: string | OpenAIContentPart[]): string {
+  if (typeof content === "string") {
+    return content;
+  }
+  if (Array.isArray(content)) {
+    return content
+      .filter((part): part is OpenAIContentPart & { text: string } =>
+        part.type === "text" && typeof part.text === "string")
+      .map((part) => part.text)
+      .join("\n");
+  }
+  return String(content ?? "");
+}
+
 /**
  * Convert OpenAI messages array to a single prompt string for Claude CLI
  *
@@ -56,20 +78,21 @@ export function messagesToPrompt(messages: OpenAIChatRequest["messages"]): strin
   const parts: string[] = [];
 
   for (const msg of messages) {
+    const text = extractContent(msg.content);
     switch (msg.role) {
       case "system":
         // System messages become context instructions
-        parts.push(`<system>\n${msg.content}\n</system>\n`);
+        parts.push(`<system>\n${text}\n</system>\n`);
         break;
 
       case "user":
         // User messages are the main prompt
-        parts.push(msg.content);
+        parts.push(text);
         break;
 
       case "assistant":
         // Previous assistant responses for context
-        parts.push(`<previous_response>\n${msg.content}\n</previous_response>\n`);
+        parts.push(`<previous_response>\n${text}\n</previous_response>\n`);
         break;
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/types/openai.ts b/src/types/openai.ts
index c116658..15360a4 100644
--- a/src/types/openai.ts
+++ b/src/types/openai.ts
@@ -3,9 +3,15 @@
  * Used for Clawdbot integration
  */
 
+export interface OpenAIContentPart {
+  type: "text" | "image_url";
+  text?: string;
+  image_url?: { url: string; detail?: string };
+}
+
 export interface OpenAIChatMessage {
   role: "system" | "user" | "assistant";
-  content: string;
+  content: string | OpenAIContentPart[];
 }
 
 export interface OpenAIChatRequest {