diff --git a/lib/que/active_record/connection.rb b/lib/que/active_record/connection.rb
index 9ecefd35..adc31779 100644
--- a/lib/que/active_record/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/que/active_record/connection.rb
@@ -2,47 +2,72 @@
 
 module Que
   module ActiveRecord
+    class << self
+      def active_rails_executor?
+        defined?(::Rails.application.executor) && ::Rails.application.executor.active?
+      end
+
+      def wrap_in_rails_executor(&block)
+        if defined?(::Rails.application.executor)
+          ::Rails.application.executor.wrap(&block)
+        else
+          yield
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     module Connection
       class << self
         private
 
         # Check out a PG::Connection object from ActiveRecord's pool.
         def checkout
-          wrap_in_rails_executor do
+          # Use Rails' executor (if present) to make sure that the connection
+          # we're using isn't taken from us while the block runs. See
+          # https://github.com/que-rb/que/issues/166#issuecomment-274218910
+          Que::ActiveRecord.wrap_in_rails_executor do
             ::ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.with_connection do |conn|
                yield conn.raw_connection
             end
           end
         end
-
-        # Use Rails' executor (if present) to make sure that the connection
-        # we're using isn't taken from us while the block runs. See
-        # https://github.com/que-rb/que/issues/166#issuecomment-274218910
-        def wrap_in_rails_executor(&block)
-          if defined?(::Rails.application.executor)
-            ::Rails.application.executor.wrap(&block)
-          else
-            yield
-          end
-        end
       end
 
       module JobMiddleware
         class << self
           def call(job)
-            yield
-
-            # ActiveRecord will check out connections to the current thread when
-            # queries are executed and not return them to the pool until
-            # explicitly requested to. I'm not wild about this API design, and
-            # it doesn't pose a problem for the typical case of workers using a
-            # single PG connection (since we ensure that connection is checked
-            # in and checked out responsibly), but since ActiveRecord supports
-            # connections to multiple databases, it's easy for people using that
-            # feature to unknowingly leak connections to other databases. So,
-            # take the additional step of telling ActiveRecord to check in all
-            # of the current thread's connections after each job is run.
+            # Use Rails' executor (if present) to make sure that the connection
+            # used by the job isn't returned to the pool prematurely. See
+            # https://github.com/que-rb/que/issues/411
+            Que::ActiveRecord.wrap_in_rails_executor do
+              yield
+            end
+
+            clear_active_connections_if_needed!(job)
+          end
+
+          private
+
+          # ActiveRecord will check out connections to the current thread when
+          # queries are executed and not return them to the pool until
+          # explicitly requested to. I'm not wild about this API design, and
+          # it doesn't pose a problem for the typical case of workers using a
+          # single PG connection (since we ensure that connection is checked
+          # in and checked out responsibly), but since ActiveRecord supports
+          # connections to multiple databases, it's easy for people using that
+          # feature to unknowingly leak connections to other databases. So,
+          # take the additional step of telling ActiveRecord to check in all
+          # of the current thread's connections after each job is run.
+          def clear_active_connections_if_needed!(job)
+            # don't clean in synchronous mode
+            # see https://github.com/que-rb/que/pull/393
             return if job.class.resolve_que_setting(:run_synchronously)
+
+            # don't clear connections in nested jobs executed synchronously
+            # i.e. while we're still inside of the rails executor
+            # see https://github.com/que-rb/que/pull/412#issuecomment-2194412783
+            return if Que::ActiveRecord.active_rails_executor?
+
             if ::ActiveRecord.version >= Gem::Version.new('7.1')
               ::ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.clear_active_connections!(:all)
             else
diff --git a/spec/que/active_record/connection_spec.rb b/spec/que/active_record/connection_spec.rb
index 60a2d57b..51241d0b 100644
--- a/spec/que/active_record/connection_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/que/active_record/connection_spec.rb
@@ -66,5 +66,24 @@ def run(*args)
 
       assert SecondDatabaseModel.connection_handler.active_connections?
     end
+
+    it "shouldn't clear connections to secondary DBs if within an active rails executor" do
+      # This is a hacky spec, but it's better than requiring Rails.
+      rails, application, executor = 3.times.map { Object.new }
+      application.define_singleton_method(:executor) { executor }
+      rails.define_singleton_method(:application) { application }
+      executor.define_singleton_method(:wrap) { |&block| block.call }
+      executor.define_singleton_method(:active?) { true }
+
+      refute defined?(::Rails)
+      ::Rails = rails
+
+      SecondDatabaseModelJob.run
+
+      assert SecondDatabaseModel.connection_handler.active_connections?
+
+      Object.send :remove_const, :Rails
+      refute defined?(::Rails)
+    end
   end
 end