diff --git a/src/plot.typ b/src/plot.typ
index 3b3c699..f440d3c 100644
--- a/src/plot.typ
+++ b/src/plot.typ
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
       target: target,
       min: none,
       max: none,
-      ticks: (step: auto, minor-step: none, format: none, list: ())
+      ticks: (step: auto, minor-step: none, format: "float", list: ())
     )
     ctx.axes.insert(name, axis)
     return ctx
@@ -299,13 +299,6 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // Remove unused axes
-  for (k, v) in ctx.axes {
-    if not v.at("used", default: false) {
-      let _ = ctx.axes.remove(k)
-    }
-  }
-
   // Set axis options
   ctx.axes = plot-util.setup-axes(cetz-ctx, ctx.axes, options.named(), size)
 
diff --git a/src/plot/util.typ b/src/plot/util.typ
index 9330afd..70b5057 100644
--- a/src/plot/util.typ
+++ b/src/plot/util.typ
@@ -290,16 +290,22 @@
   }
 
   for (name, axis) in axis-dict {
+    let used = axis.at("used", default: false)
+
     if not "ticks" in axis { axis.ticks = () }
-    axis.label = get-axis-option(name, "label", $#name$)
+    axis.label = get-axis-option(name, "label", if used { $#name$ } else { axis.at("label", default: none) })
 
     // Configure axis bounds
     axis.min = get-axis-option(name, "min", axis.min)
     axis.max = get-axis-option(name, "max", axis.max)
 
-    assert(axis.min not in (none, auto) and
-           axis.max not in (none, auto),
-      message: "Axis min and max must be set.")
+    if axis.min == none {
+      axis.min = 0
+      axis.ticks.step = none
+      axis.ticks.minor-step = none
+      axis.ticks.format = none
+    }
+    if axis.max == none { axis.max = axis.min }
     if axis.min == axis.max {
       axis.min -= 1; axis.max += 1
     }
diff --git a/tests/axes/log-mode/ref/1.png b/tests/axes/log-mode/ref/1.png
index 409c2c3..53fa4ea 100644
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diff --git a/tests/chart/boxwhisker/ref/1.png b/tests/chart/boxwhisker/ref/1.png
index 07b311a..c71898b 100644
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diff --git a/tests/chart/ref/1.png b/tests/chart/ref/1.png
index a9aab7b..236c26c 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/annotation/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/annotation/ref/1.png
index af0ea9d..bc611b5 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/bar/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/bar/ref/1.png
index 307100d..532feb7 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/boxwhisker/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/boxwhisker/ref/1.png
index 2f1e16e..acc6e59 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/broken-axes/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/broken-axes/ref/1.png
index fcd2e11..27057d4 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/contour/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/contour/ref/1.png
index adad8ab..f7d0c39 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/equal-axis/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/equal-axis/ref/1.png
index 7f4196f..283fd6d 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/format/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/format/ref/1.png
index 2b5a0ec..a7a2925 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/grid/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/grid/ref/1.png
index 550e9d5..49e291b 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/line/line-type/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/line/line-type/ref/1.png
index 7814191..127004b 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/line/linearization/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/line/linearization/ref/1.png
index ea8c022..b52049f 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/line/mark/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/line/mark/ref/1.png
index f4e7ca6..8c476bc 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/line/spline/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/line/spline/ref/1.png
index ba6e25b..e3d75f3 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/marks/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/marks/ref/1.png
index ad6e334..3fd1fc0 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/mirror-axes/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/mirror-axes/ref/1.png
index 4e7e062..94b2cc2 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/parametric/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/parametric/ref/1.png
index 18557d3..02bb203 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/ref/1.png
index 2cfb1b8..9f3c5e8 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/reverse-axis/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/reverse-axis/ref/1.png
index d29c1b6..f959809 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/test.typ b/tests/plot/test.typ
index 9ea7b68..4cf0944 100644
--- a/tests/plot/test.typ
+++ b/tests/plot/test.typ
@@ -136,6 +136,10 @@
     yb-min: -1.5, yb-max: .5,
     yt-min: -.5, yt-max: 1.5,
     {
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("xl", (0, 0), (4, 0))
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("xr", (0, 4), (4, 4))
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("yt", (0, 0), (0, 4))
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("yb", (4, 0), (4, 4))
       plot.add(circle-data)
       plot.add(circle-data, axes: ("xl", "y"), style: (stroke: green))
       plot.add(circle-data, axes: ("xr", "y"), style: (stroke: red))
@@ -155,6 +159,10 @@
     yb-min: -1.75, yb-max: .25,
     yt-min: -.25, yt-max: 1.75,
     {
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("xl", (0, 0), (4, 0))
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("xr", (0, 4), (4, 4))
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("yt", (0, 0), (0, 4))
+      plot.add-cartesian-axis("yb", (4, 0), (4, 4))
       plot.add(circle-data)
       plot.add(circle-data, axes: ("xl", "y"), style: (stroke: green))
       plot.add(circle-data, axes: ("xr", "y"), style: (stroke: red))
diff --git a/tests/plot/vertical/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/vertical/ref/1.png
index f034306..93e0cbd 100644
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diff --git a/tests/plot/violin/ref/1.png b/tests/plot/violin/ref/1.png
index 63e1210..acfc488 100644
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