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mode 100644 index 0000000..dcc2a78 Binary files /dev/null and b/images/f3820ca342843118043eb220ce9cf77d00805f7b.png differ diff --git a/introduction-to-builtin-modes.md b/introduction-to-builtin-modes.md index bf9504e..61a22eb 100644 --- a/introduction-to-builtin-modes.md +++ b/introduction-to-builtin-modes.md @@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ 附效果图: -![before-fold](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/c/c204b95093febf0f2455b17e1c98c3c5d7858a13.png) -![after-fold](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/a/a88653d0d1f48d0e23d1814e46ba998390fc61da.png) +![before-fold](images/c204b95093febf0f2455b17e1c98c3c5d7858a13.png) +![after-fold](images/a88653d0d1f48d0e23d1814e46ba998390fc61da.png) ## whitespace @@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ 比较好的是能指示过长的行，这样都不需要装那种显示一条竖线的插件了。 -![效果图](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f3820ca342843118043eb220ce9cf77d00805f7b_2_690x297.png) +![效果图](images/f3820ca342843118043eb220ce9cf77d00805f7b.png) ## so-long @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ 100行，当前`buffer`只能显示10行，那么另一个窗口将会显示下面10行。如果嫌窗口数还 是太少，可以继续增多。 -![follow-mode](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/b/b6f11e53b620049c4534a92bd7f22e8f08a15483.png) +![follow-mode](images/b6f11e53b620049c4534a92bd7f22e8f08a15483.png) ## delsel @@ -780,9 +780,9 @@ private double PI = 3.14159265358939723846264; 附图: -![org-agenda-add-entry-to-org-agenda-diary-file](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/a/a2dbd0a45689694308f31218030d6f95cecb7d93.png) +![org-agenda-add-entry-to-org-agenda-diary-file](images/a2dbd0a45689694308f31218030d6f95cecb7d93.png) -![org-agenda-diary-file](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/d/d8fd2964e8999f56e88c55b07043c804d02be37d.png) +![org-agenda-diary-file](images/d8fd2964e8999f56e88c55b07043c804d02be37d.png) 需要注意，它默认不会自动保存`org-agenda-diary-file`。如果不喜欢这一点，可以利用 `advice`来修正一下。 @@ -901,7 +901,7 @@ int foo(int x) { 效果图: -![copy-url-at-point](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/c/c7c4c60760fb52fe87d095f7ab7828917b13cd64.gif) +![copy-url-at-point](images/c7c4c60760fb52fe87d095f7ab7828917b13cd64.gif) ## type-break @@ -956,9 +956,9 @@ Emacs 下有几个类似终端模拟器（其实有些不算是），内置的 当然在 `term-mode` 里使用 `htop`, `git`, `fzf`, `neofetch` 这种类似工具是没啥大问题的，但是使用 `vim` 的话就有点拉胯了。一是显示效果非常差，代码高亮都无法显示；二是也不推荐在 Emacs 里使用 `vim`, 编辑文件直接 C-x C-f 就好。 -![htop in term-mode](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/f/f053ce7513b6e319af1f6eb66403b5cd8ed8110e.png) +![htop in term-mode](images/f053ce7513b6e319af1f6eb66403b5cd8ed8110e.png) -![term-mode vs alacritty](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/4/4eb784393e618176322fca98f4f8556debd5c707.png) +![term-mode vs alacritty](images/4eb784393e618176322fca98f4f8556debd5c707.png) 这里不得不提一下, `term-mode` 里两种模式，一个是 `char-mode`, 另一个是 `line-mode`​。 在 `char-mode` 下输入任意一个字符都会直接转发至当前的进程，而 `line-mode` 下则只会遇到 `\n` 的时候才会将以前的内容一起转发。就拿 `htop` 这个命令来说，在 `char-mode` 下按一下 `q` 会直接退出，按一下 `C-n` 会移动光标，但是一旦切换到 `line-mode` 下后就完全变了，连续地按 `q` 不会退出，直到你按下 Enter 键。 @@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ function precmd() { 其实它就是在每条命令执行前将自己当前的目录告诉了 `term-mode`, 然后 `term-mode` 再设置 `default-directory` 变量。 -![directory track in term-mode](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/8/894a39c9b662d01199f141d561e8898859404791.png) +![directory track in term-mode](images/894a39c9b662d01199f141d561e8898859404791.png) 另外一种方式则是依赖 Linux 的 `procfs`, 可以获得 `term-mode` 启动的 shell 进程 pid，然后通过读 `/proc/pid/cwd/` 来获取当前路径。 @@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ browse mode 下的键位由 `my-term-browse-mode-map` 指定，可以把 `term-c 与 `term-mode` 相比而言它实在是没啥多大优势，但是如果你是在通过 `tramp` 编辑一个远程的文件，想在远程机器上运行一些命令，可以直接 M-x shell 登录远端的机器，而 `term-mode` 则不会识别这种情况，仍是创建一个本地的终端环境。在有 `tramp` 的情况下, `shell-mode` 下路径显示在 `cd` 改变了当前工作目录之后会显示出错， PR 的机会又来了！ -![shell-mode vs term-mode](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/0/048bf1e000bbe91b504b7b142745a25743ab631c.png) +![shell-mode vs term-mode](images/048bf1e000bbe91b504b7b142745a25743ab631c.png) 在 `shell-mode` 里没法像终端模拟器那样通过 M-. 来直接输入上一命令的最后一个参数，但是多数 shell 都实现提供了一个内部变量 `$_` 支持。 @@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ echo 'hello, world' 可以直接输入 C-c C-n (`sh-send-line-or-region-and-step`) 将当前行发送至 shell 执行。 -![shell repl](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/7/7bec91f50446aeaf57aab5fcff8247c39442a128.png) +![shell repl](images/7bec91f50446aeaf57aab5fcff8247c39442a128.png) ### eshell diff --git a/introduction-to-ivy.md b/introduction-to-ivy.md index 895b5e4..213f53b 100644 --- a/introduction-to-ivy.md +++ b/introduction-to-ivy.md @@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ `minibuffer`是`Emacs`命令读取参数的地方，如`C-x C-f` (`find-file`) 会打开一个文件选项列表供选择，`C-x * q` (`calc` quick mode) 可以打开一个计算器，让用户输入算术表达式计算。 -![quick calc](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/7/745229f4121743ffd1e918bd1fc8e2ec435cda93.png) +![quick calc](images/745229f4121743ffd1e918bd1fc8e2ec435cda93.png) -![quick calc result](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/c/c9caf7249090c7fefe294075840f27fc9e028a31.png) +![quick calc result](images/c9caf7249090c7fefe294075840f27fc9e028a31.png) ## ivy minibuffer 按键绑定 @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ `ivy-height`同它名字显示一样，是指`ivy` `minibuffer`展开的高度，默认值为**9** + **1**。**1** 行当前输入，**9**行其他选项。 -![ivy-height](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/1/17e321a2a227dfe25f62ea591c19d61c2c18d7b3.png) +![ivy-height](images/17e321a2a227dfe25f62ea591c19d61c2c18d7b3.png) ## ivy action @@ -80,25 +80,25 @@ 在`find-file`的场景下，例如当前光标停在`auto-save-list`选项上 -![before-ivy-alt-done](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/4/4901781dc6e193c5e21e843c28b6ce27940b48bf.png) +![before-ivy-alt-done](images/4901781dc6e193c5e21e843c28b6ce27940b48bf.png) 然后触发`ivy-alt-done`就会将当前的目录路径补全。 -![after-ivy-alt-done](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/e/e6fa512938b056610d0e5efc99b42509b4c1c34a.png) +![after-ivy-alt-done](images/e6fa512938b056610d0e5efc99b42509b4c1c34a.png) 如果接下来的补全选项是要打开的文件，那么再触发`ivy-alt-done`实际的效果跟手工按 `RET`没区别，都会执行打开操作。 -![ivy-alt-done-open-file](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/1/1967b263b44eaf6370bbf1b504d5d498e810c567.png) +![ivy-alt-done-open-file](images/1967b263b44eaf6370bbf1b504d5d498e810c567.png) 如果当前补全选项是`.`或者`..`目录，那么再次触发`ivy-alt-done`实际也跟手工按 `RET`没区别，虽然执行的是`dired`。 -![ivy-alt-done-open-dir](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/b/b5c5134e24484d982b371191cf4436362b817c17.png) +![ivy-alt-done-open-dir](images/b5c5134e24484d982b371191cf4436362b817c17.png) 这里还有一个比较简便方法。如果当前路径确定是目录，可以通过直接按`/`来补全目录路径。 -![ivy-alt-done-alternative](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/3/300fd4b6a601031c314a78a38f2dfce0982cf524.png) +![ivy-alt-done-alternative](images/300fd4b6a601031c314a78a38f2dfce0982cf524.png) 在上面这种情况下，直接按`/`与`ivy-alt-done`效果一致。 @@ -110,11 +110,11 @@ 如图所示, 当前最长的公共前缀应该是`evil-for` -![before-ivy-partial-or-done](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/a/a6f174888c1764e9c4c67ef7cc25f4754d252f24.png) +![before-ivy-partial-or-done](images/a6f174888c1764e9c4c67ef7cc25f4754d252f24.png) 这里触发`ivy-partial-or-done`之后，可以看到当前输入已补全变成了`evil-for`了 -![after-ivy-partial-or-done](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/2/2f5b28c4d3fc5a04312bcfac97c2189944213b34.png) +![after-ivy-partial-or-done](images/2f5b28c4d3fc5a04312bcfac97c2189944213b34.png) `TAB TAB`的效果与`ivy-alt-done`效果一致，不再赘述。 @@ -128,12 +128,12 @@ `ivy-immediate-done`来告诉`ivy`使用当前的输入`abc`作为结果而不是`minibuffer`里的 候选项。 -![new-file](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/a/ad71d2d4d7123cbd309624f79f0bf100a2135eba.png) +![new-file](images/ad71d2d4d7123cbd309624f79f0bf100a2135eba.png) 如果是为了解决上述的`find-file`问题，也可以通过设置`ivy-use-selectable-prompt`为 `t`来曲线救国。 -![another-way](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/8/84519d5f540488c020f7a3d1e407ea595f7e081c.png) +![another-way](images/84519d5f540488c020f7a3d1e407ea595f7e081c.png) 注意，这里的光标已经上移至用户输入口了。此时直接`RET`确定就可以打开`abc`文件了。 @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ 当`ivy-height`设置得比较大时，通过`avy`来直接跳转选择结果会是一个比较快速的办法。 -![ivy-avy](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/f/f2ad674d5a2b7b607b17a0d53fed0b313cf20f36.png) +![ivy-avy](images/f2ad674d5a2b7b607b17a0d53fed0b313cf20f36.png) ### ivy-dispatching-done @@ -160,19 +160,19 @@ - `d` 查看定义 - `h` 帮助 -![M-x evil-forward-char](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/d/d0eaa05fa71b217fe3d654db59286034f80e1620.png) +![M-x evil-forward-char](images/d0eaa05fa71b217fe3d654db59286034f80e1620.png) 这里`M-x`想执行`evil-forward-char`这个命令，但是我想知道这个命令是如何实现的。那 么接下来就通过按`M-o`触发`ivy-dispatching-done`，之后再输入`d`执行查看这个函数的 定义。 -![ivy-dispatching-done definition](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/optimized/2X/1/1a67e0225bdc217f28ed280f014ad6cfbe9fba05_2_453x500.png) +![ivy-dispatching-done definition](images/1a67e0225bdc217f28ed280f014ad6cfbe9fba05.png) 可以看到，它已经确定跳转至`evil-forward-char`这个命令处了。 而`h`所对应的帮助`action`实际就是`describe-function`的效果。 -![ivy-dispatching-done help](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f0dd0c5034e01f493e83f38238a74c848468306f_2_690x310.png) +![ivy-dispatching-done help](images/f0dd0c5034e01f493e83f38238a74c848468306f.png) ### ivy-call @@ -180,11 +180,11 @@ 还是以`evil-forward-char`举例 -![before-ivy-call](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/2/2cc99391cd9c67ff5bb4b61693c795cc4b1f4cd3.png) +![before-ivy-call](images/2cc99391cd9c67ff5bb4b61693c795cc4b1f4cd3.png) 初始光标停留在行首，然后连续3次`C-M-m`触发`ivy-call`可以得到如下结果。 -![after-ivy-call](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/0/0a7c294f8fb5a9605c3bd5338f39a4a5043b2016.png) +![after-ivy-call](images/0a7c294f8fb5a9605c3bd5338f39a4a5043b2016.png) 这时，光标已经向前移动了3个字符，且`minibuffer`还处于打开的状态，颇有`hydra`的味道。 @@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ `M-x`输入`evil-forward-char`之后，`C-M-o` `d` `C-M-o` `h`可以分别打开函数定义处、 函数帮助页面。 -![ivy-dispatching-call](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/d00ba008897db831e5fd0f670bd468657af21104_2_454x500.png) +![ivy-dispatching-call](images/d00ba008897db831e5fd0f670bd468657af21104.png) ### ivy-next-line-and-call 和 ivy-previous-line-and-call @@ -203,11 +203,11 @@ 一个比较有用的场景是，`find-file`找到了许多相似的文件，需要一次性都把他们打开。这个时候，`ivy-next-line-and-call`的用处就来了。 -![before-ivy-next-line-and-call](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/b/bcc57fb9d67c044a4dc9f21b80e5607c9d51eb3c.png) +![before-ivy-next-line-and-call](images/bcc57fb9d67c044a4dc9f21b80e5607c9d51eb3c.png) 这里想一次性打开`ace-window`的这3个文件，连续3次使用`C-M-n`就行。 -![after-ivy-next-line-and-call](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/4/47429938faa040a1190e15b797165d93e8d98e39.png) +![after-ivy-next-line-and-call](images/47429938faa040a1190e15b797165d93e8d98e39.png) ### ivy-resume @@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ 如`M-x`执行`evil-forward-char`，但是不小心按快了，执行了`evil-forward-word-end`. 这时，`ivy-resume`会恢复`M-x`的最后状态，保留着用户输入的内容、光标位置。 -![ivy-resume](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/3/38686f6645e1e906dad62584dbe32028f61076c7.png) +![ivy-resume](images/38686f6645e1e906dad62584dbe32028f61076c7.png) ### ivy-next-history-element 和 ivy-previous-history-element @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ `ivy-yank-word`会将第1个单词`apple`输入至`minibuffer`中。然后光标会移动至`boy`单 词前。再次`M-j`即会将`boy`单词输入至`minibuffer`中。 -![ivy-yank-word](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/1/18758fb9b34b1eeca2d6057025bd674143d8b84d.png) +![ivy-yank-word](images/18758fb9b34b1eeca2d6057025bd674143d8b84d.png) ### ivy-restrict-to-matches @@ -243,13 +243,13 @@ 它会清空用户输入、将搜索集合设置为当前的候选集合，这样用户可以慢慢地减少干扰项， 缩小查找范围。 -![before-ivy-restrict-to-matches](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/5/5f79a297aa9b32e7a0978d4fa91dbd24413b1495.png) +![before-ivy-restrict-to-matches](images/5f79a297aa9b32e7a0978d4fa91dbd24413b1495.png) 默认`M-x`可执行的命令数量为 **6247** 。输入`evil`再`S-SPC`触发 `ivy-restrict-to-matches`。此时，当前集合大小仅为 **378** 。可见确实起到了二次过滤 的作用。 -![after-ivy-restrict-to-matches](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/8/8e5ed7e19aa3a084df94d6856f44da4990044323.png) +![after-ivy-restrict-to-matches](images/8e5ed7e19aa3a084df94d6856f44da4990044323.png) 注：显示候选集合大小通过设置`(setq ivy-count-format "%d/%d")`实现。 @@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ 在`ivy-occur-mode`下，`ivy-occur-dispatch`如同`ivy-dispatching-done`一样，将会读 取一个`action`，然后在当前光标停留的候选项上执行对应的`action`。 -![ivy-occur](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/optimized/2X/8/802c07403a45544da4b6b3038f1cd555b21a7ac5_2_275x500.png) +![ivy-occur](images/802c07403a45544da4b6b3038f1cd555b21a7ac5.png) ## ivy completion style @@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ 要有2个空格).`ivy`会把它转换为`foo .*bar`(注意`foo`后面有个空格)。论坛会压缩空 格，效果下文见图片。 -![ivy--regex-plus](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/e/e3feb87f5411ea6ab9d3882e188b57159e918216.png) +![ivy--regex-plus](images/e3feb87f5411ea6ab9d3882e188b57159e918216.png) 此外它还支持正则的取非操作，通过`!`来完成。 @@ -407,5 +407,5 @@ ("x" counsel-find-file-as-root "open as root")) ``` -![custom-action](https://emacs-china.org/uploads/default/original/2X/2/2b93e615847880b512bf2fc0ee7d56f8d5fc1046.png) +![custom-action](images/2b93e615847880b512bf2fc0ee7d56f8d5fc1046.png)