diff --git a/src/components/PopulationSelector.tsx b/src/components/PopulationSelector.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0ec13c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/PopulationSelector.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import React, { useState } from "react";
+import { fetchPopulation } from "../api/population"; // 人口データを取得するAPI
+import { Prefecture } from "../types/prefecture"; // 都道府県の型
+import { PopulationCategory } from "../types/population"; // 人口データのカテゴリ型
+
+interface PopulationSelectorProps {
+  prefectures: Prefecture[];
+}
+
+const PopulationSelector: React.FC<PopulationSelectorProps> = ({
+  prefectures,
+}) => {
+  const [selectedPrefecture, setSelectedPrefecture] = useState<string | null>(
+    null
+  );
+  const [populationData, setPopulationData] = useState<
+    PopulationCategory[] | null
+  >(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState<boolean>(false);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  const handlePrefectureChange = async (
+    event: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLSelectElement>
+  ) => {
+    const prefCode = event.target.value;
+    setSelectedPrefecture(prefCode);
+    setLoading(true);
+    setError(null);
+
+    try {
+      const data = await fetchPopulation(prefCode);
+      setPopulationData(data);
+    } catch (error) {
+      setError("人口データの取得に失敗しました. " + error);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>人口データ選択</h2>
+      <select
+        onChange={handlePrefectureChange}
+        value={selectedPrefecture || ""}
+      >
+        <option value="">都道府県を選択</option>
+        {prefectures.map((prefecture) => (
+          <option key={prefecture.prefCode} value={prefecture.prefCode}>
+            {prefecture.prefName}
+          </option>
+        ))}
+      </select>
+
+      {loading && <p>読み込み中...</p>}
+
+      {error && <p style={{ color: "red" }}>{error}</p>}
+
+      {populationData && (
+        <div>
+          <h3>年別人口データ</h3>
+          {populationData.map((category) => (
+            <div key={category.label}>
+              <h4>{category.label}</h4>
+              <ul>
+                {category.data.map((entry) => (
+                  <li key={entry.year}>
+                    {entry.year}: {entry.value}人 (比率: {entry.rate}%)
+                  </li>
+                ))}
+              </ul>
+            </div>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+};
+
+export default PopulationSelector;
diff --git a/src/tests/PopulationSelector.test.tsx b/src/tests/PopulationSelector.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb4ea06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tests/PopulationSelector.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import React from "react";
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react";
+import PopulationSelector from "./../components/PopulationSelector";
+import { fetchPopulation } from "../api/population";
+import { Prefecture } from "../types/prefecture";
+import { PopulationCategory } from "../types/population";
+
+jest.mock("../api/population");
+
+describe("PopulationSelector", () => {
+  const mockPrefectures: Prefecture[] = [
+    { prefCode: 1, prefName: "北海道" },
+    { prefCode: 2, prefName: "青森県" },
+  ];
+
+  it("都道府県を選択し、人口データが表示される", async () => {
+    const mockPopulationData: PopulationCategory[] = [
+      {
+        label: "年少人口",
+        data: [{ year: 1960, value: 1681479, rate: 33.37 }],
+      },
+    ];
+
+    (fetchPopulation as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(mockPopulationData);
+
+    render(<PopulationSelector prefectures={mockPrefectures} />);
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByRole("combobox"), { target: { value: "1" } });
+
+    await waitFor(() => screen.getByText("年少人口"));
+
+    expect(screen.getByText("年少人口")).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(
+      screen.getByText("1960: 1681479人 (比率: 33.37%)")
+    ).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it("人口データの取得中にエラーメッセージが表示される", async () => {
+    (fetchPopulation as jest.Mock).mockRejectedValue(new Error("API Error"));
+
+    render(<PopulationSelector prefectures={mockPrefectures} />);
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByRole("combobox"), { target: { value: "1" } });
+
+    await waitFor(() => screen.getByText(/人口データの取得に失敗しました/i));
+
+    expect(
+      screen.getByText(/人口データの取得に失敗しました/i)
+    ).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+});