LIVER_GUI.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "ModuleNotFoundError",
     "evalue": "No module named 'cv2'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mModuleNotFoundError\u001b[0m                       Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-2-f2a06a9536f9>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      5\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfrom\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtkinter\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfiledialog\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtkFileDialog\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      6\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfrom\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtkinter\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mfiledialog\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0maskdirectory\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 7\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcv2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      8\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mPIL\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      9\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfrom\u001b[0m \u001b[0mPIL\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mImageTk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0mImage\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mImageDraw\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mImageFont\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mModuleNotFoundError\u001b[0m: No module named 'cv2'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pydicom\n",
    "import tkinter as tk\n",
    "from tkinter import *\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "from tkinter import filedialog as tkFileDialog\n",
    "from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory\n",
    "import cv2 \n",
    "import PIL\n",
    "from PIL import ImageTk,Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont\n",
    "import os\n",
    "import fnmatch\n",
    "import datetime\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "import speech_recognition as sr \n",
    "import pyttsx3 \n",
    "import textwrap\n",
    "\n",
    "class MyWindow(Frame):\n",
    "    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):\n",
    "        Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)\n",
    "        self.canvas = Canvas(self,width=450, height=500, bg='white')   \n",
    "        self.canvas.place(x=0,y=60) \n",
    "        self.canvas.create_rectangle(10, 10, 440, 500, width=2)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='AMITY', fg='blue',font=('Times New Roman',38), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=168,y=15)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='UNIVERSITY', fg='blue',font=('Times New Roman',21), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=166, y=55)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='GURGAON', fg='blue',font=('Times New Roman',12), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=200,y=83)\n",
    "        self.canvas.create_line(180, 93, 285, 93, fill='blue')\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='LIVER SEGMENTATION GUI', fg='green', font=('Comic Sans MS',20), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=80,y=140)\n",
    "        self.canvas.create_line(10, 230, 440, 230)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='Developed By :', font=('Arial',16), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=180,y=240)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='Ms. SAUMYA KANSAL', font=('Arial',16), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=150,y=260)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='    For :', font=('Arial',16), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=190,y=290)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='         MAJOR PROJECT', font=('Arial',16), anchor=CENTER)\n",
    "        widget.place(x=120,y=310)\n",
    "        self.canvas.create_line(10, 350, 440, 350)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING', font=('Times New Roman',15,'bold'), anchor=CENTER, fg='blue')\n",
    "        widget.place(x=39,y=450)\n",
    "        widget = Label(self.canvas, text='AMITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY', font=('Times New Roman',15,'bold'), anchor=CENTER,fg='blue')\n",
    "        widget.place(x=11,y=469)\n",
    "        self.but=Button(self,text='select folder', command=self.enter)\n",
    "        self.canvas.pack()\n",
    "        self.but.pack()\n",
    "    def save_jpg(self):\n",
    "        filename = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfile(mode='w', defaultextension=\".jpg\")\n",
    "        if not filename:\n",
    "             return\n",
    "        self.to_save=self.savi.convert('RGB')\n",
    "        self.to_save.save(filename)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def save_dicom(self):\n",
    "        photo=self.save_d.copy()\n",
    "        w,h=photo.size\n",
    "        photo=np.asarray(photo)\n",
    "        self.im.PixelData=photo.tostring()\n",
    "        filename = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfile(mode='wb', defaultextension=\".dcm\")\n",
    "        if not filename:\n",
    "             return\n",
    "        self.im.Rows=w\n",
    "        self.im.Columns=h\n",
    "        dt = datetime.datetime.now()\n",
    "        self.im.ContentDate = dt.strftime('%Y%m%d')\n",
    "        timeStr = dt.strftime('%H%M%S.%f')  # long format with micro seconds\n",
    "        self.im.ContentTime = timeStr\n",
    "        self.im.HighBit = 7\n",
    "        self.im.BitsStored = 8\n",
    "        self.im.BitsAllocated = 8\n",
    "        self.im.save_as(filename)\n",
    "    def enter(self):\n",
    "        try:\n",
    "            self.text_NO.pack_forget()\n",
    "        except:\n",
    "            True\n",
    "        try:\n",
    "            self.a.pack_forget()\n",
    "        except:\n",
    "            True\n",
    "        try:\n",
    "            self.b.pack_forget()\n",
    "        except:\n",
    "            True\n",
    "        try:\n",
    "            self.c.pack_forget()\n",
    "        except:\n",
    "            True\n",
    "            \n",
    "        self.but.pack_forget()\n",
    "        self.canvas.destroy()\n",
    "        def display():\n",
    "            #self.title(\"slide\"+str(sp.get()))\n",
    "            a=int(sp.get())\n",
    "            image=self.data[a]\n",
    "            for n,x in enumerate(image):\n",
    "                if x.any()!=0:\n",
    "                    desired2=n\n",
    "                    break\n",
    "            if desired2==0:\n",
    "                req_y=0\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                req_y=desired2-100\n",
    "            wrap=np.roll(image,-req_y, axis=0)\n",
    "            self.imagetowork=wrap\n",
    "            ixi=Image.fromarray(wrap)\n",
    "            self.image_new=ixi\n",
    "            render=ImageTk.PhotoImage(ixi)\n",
    "            self.l.configure(image=render)\n",
    "            self.l.image=render\n",
    "            self.l.pack()\n",
    "            self.a.configure(state='normal')\n",
    "            self.c.configure(state='normal')\n",
    "            \n",
    "        def load_scan(path):\n",
    "            im=[pydicom.dcmread(path+'/'+s) for s in os.listdir(path)]\n",
    "            im = [s for s in im if 'SliceLocation' in s]\n",
    "            im.sort(key = lambda x: int(x.InstanceNumber))\n",
    "            try:\n",
    "                slice_thickness = np.abs(im[0].ImagePositionPatient[2]-im[1].ImagePositionPatient[2])\n",
    "            except:\n",
    "                slice_thickness = np.abs(im[0].SliceLocation-im[1].SliceLocation)\n",
    "            n=1\n",
    "            self.slices=len(im)-1\n",
    "            for s in im:\n",
    "                if n==1:\n",
    "                    self.checkmachine=s.Manufacturer\n",
    "                    self.checkseries=s.SeriesDescription\n",
    "                    self.slicethick=s.SliceThickness\n",
    "                    n=0\n",
    "            return im\n",
    "        \n",
    "        def get_pixels_hu(scans):\n",
    "            image = np.stack([s.pixel_array for s in scans])\n",
    "            image = image.astype(np.int16)\n",
    "            #print(image)\n",
    "            # Set outside-of-scan pixels to 0\n",
    "            # The intercept is usually -1024, so air is approximately 0\n",
    "            image[image == -2000] = 0 \n",
    "            # Convert to Hounsfield units (HU)\n",
    "            intercept = scans[0].RescaleIntercept\n",
    "            slope = scans[0].RescaleSlope\n",
    "            if slope != 1:\n",
    "                image = slope * image.astype(np.float64)\n",
    "                image = image.astype(np.int16)   \n",
    "            image += np.int16(intercept)\n",
    "            return np.array(image, dtype=np.int16)\n",
    "        ifile = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(parent=self,title='Select folder')\n",
    "        path = ifile\n",
    "        scans=load_scan(path)\n",
    "        if (self.checkmachine==\"GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS\" or self.checkseries==\"AXIAL\"):\n",
    "            self.data=get_pixels_hu(scans)\n",
    "            self.data[self.data<50]=0\n",
    "            self.data[self.data>170]=0\n",
    "            text=Label(self,wraplength=450,text='enter the slice number from 0 to {0}'.format(self.slices))\n",
    "            text.pack()\n",
    "            sp = Spinbox(self, from_= 0, to = 200)\n",
    "            sp.pack()\n",
    "            b3=Button(self, text='enter', command=display).pack()\n",
    "            \n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            self.text_NO=Label(self,wraplength=450,text='ONLY VALID FOR GE MEDICAL SYSTEM and AXIAL SERIESDESCRIPTION')\n",
    "            self.text_NO.pack()\n",
    "            self.but.pack()\n",
    "            \n",
    "        self.a=Button(self,text='segmented liver and area', command=self.mor,state='disabled')\n",
    "        self.a.pack()\n",
    "        self.c=Button(self,text='livewire', command=self.livedraw,state='disabled')\n",
    "        self.c.pack()\n",
    "        self.l = Label(self)\n",
    "        self.l.pack()\n",
    "    def mor(self):\n",
    "        def exit():\n",
    "            self.mor.destroy()\n",
    "        self.mor=Toplevel(self)\n",
    "        x=self.imagetowork.copy()\n",
    "        img=np.array(x, dtype=np.int16)\n",
    "        kernel = np.ones((2,2),np.int16)\n",
    "        Zin = cv2.morphologyEx(img , cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)\n",
    "        ret, thresh= cv2.threshold(Zin, 0, 200,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)\n",
    "        mask = thresh.astype(np.uint8)\n",
    "        ret,markers, stats, centeroid= cv2.connectedComponentsWithStats(mask,8)\n",
    "        for x,c in enumerate(centeroid):\n",
    "            if stats[x][4]<1100 or x==0 or x>180:\n",
    "                thresh[markers==x]=0\n",
    "                continue\n",
    "            if abs(c[0]-c[1])<10:\n",
    "                thresh[markers==x]=0\n",
    "                continue\n",
    "            if (c[0]<190 and c[0]>70 and c[1]<310 and c[1]>180):\n",
    "                continue\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                thresh[markers==x]=0\n",
    "        \n",
    "        #Hole filled liver mask\n",
    "        imgi = thresh.astype('uint8')\n",
    "        th, im_th = cv2.threshold(imgi, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY);\n",
    "        im_floodfill = im_th.copy()\n",
    "        h, w = im_th.shape[:2]\n",
    "        mask = np.zeros((h+2, w+2), np.uint8)\n",
    "        cv2.floodFill(im_floodfill, mask, (0,0), 255)\n",
    "        im_floodfill_inv = cv2.bitwise_not(im_floodfill)\n",
    "        thresh = im_th | im_floodfill_inv\n",
    "        \n",
    "        fin=self.imagetowork.copy()\n",
    "        fin[thresh==False]=0\n",
    "        \n",
    "        lastly=np.asarray(fin)\n",
    "        #print(lastly.shape)\n",
    "        k = np.ones((2,2),np.uint8)\n",
    "        gradient = cv2.morphologyEx(cv2.convertScaleAbs(lastly), cv2.MORPH_GRADIENT, k)        \n",
    "        cont= cv2.findContours(gradient, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)[1]\n",
    "        wrap=self.imagetowork.copy()\n",
    "        cv2.drawContours(wrap, cont, -1,(255,255,255), thickness = 1)\n",
    "        contour= max(cont, key=cv2.contourArea)\n",
    "        area=cv2.contourArea(contour)*self.slicethick*0.001\n",
    "        cv2.putText(wrap,'Area:'+str(area)+'cm2',(10,50),\n",
    "                     cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,0.9,(255,255,255),1)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        ixi=Image.fromarray(wrap)\n",
    "        self.save_d=ixi\n",
    "        array_im=[]\n",
    "        array_im.append((wrap))\n",
    "        self.to_save=array_im\n",
    "        render=ImageTk.PhotoImage(ixi)\n",
    "        mor=Label(self.mor,image=render)\n",
    "        mor.image=render\n",
    "        mor.pack()\n",
    "        b=Button(self.mor, text='exit', command=exit).pack()\n",
    "        def reti():\n",
    "            self.notes()\n",
    "        b1=Button(self.mor,text='NOTES',command=reti).pack()\n",
    "        b2=Button(self.mor,text='save',command=self.save_dicom).pack()\n",
    "        \n",
    "       \n",
    "    def notes(self):\n",
    "        def docnotes(event):\n",
    "            kiki=Toplevel(self)\n",
    "            r=str(event.widget)\n",
    "            if r[-1]=='l':\n",
    "                c=0\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                c=int(r[-1])-1\n",
    "            xix=Image.fromarray(imi[c])\n",
    "            renr=ImageTk.PhotoImage(xix)\n",
    "            lon=Label(kiki,image=renr)\n",
    "            lon.image=renr\n",
    "            lon.grid(row=0, column=0,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "            def retrieve_input():\n",
    "                def add_margin(pil_img, top, right, bottom, left, color):\n",
    "                    width, height = pil_img.size\n",
    "                    new_width = width + right + left\n",
    "                    new_height = height + top + bottom\n",
    "                    result = Image.new(\"RGB\", (new_width, new_height), color)\n",
    "                    result.paste(pil_img, (left, top))\n",
    "                    return result\n",
    "                im_new = add_margin(xix, 0, 500, 0, 0, (224, 255, 255))\n",
    "                self.speek.configure(text=\"speak\", state=DISABLED)\n",
    "                inputValue=self.note.get(\"1.0\",\"end-1c\")\n",
    "                self.note.grid_forget()\n",
    "                lines = textwrap.wrap(inputValue, width=70)\n",
    "                d1 = ImageDraw.Draw(im_new)\n",
    "                y_h=30\n",
    "                for line in lines:\n",
    "                    line_height = 15\n",
    "                    d1.text((540, y_h), line, fill=(0, 0, 0))\n",
    "                    y_h+=line_height\n",
    "                renrd=ImageTk.PhotoImage(im_new)\n",
    "                self.savi=im_new\n",
    "                lon.configure(image=renrd)\n",
    "                lon.image=renrd\n",
    "                butt.configure(text=\"edit\",command=update)\n",
    "                butt.grid(row=1, column=1,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "                self.butti=Button(kiki, height=1, width=25, text=\"SAVE\", command=self.save_jpg)\n",
    "                self.butti.grid(row=1, column=0,sticky = 'ne', pady = 2)\n",
    "            def update():\n",
    "                lon.configure(image=renr)\n",
    "                lon.image=renr\n",
    "                self.speek.configure(text=\"speak\", state=NORMAL)\n",
    "                self.butti.grid_forget()\n",
    "                self.note.configure(bg = \"light yellow\")\n",
    "                self.note.grid(row=0, column=1,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "                butt.configure(text=\"done\",command=lambda: retrieve_input())\n",
    "            self.note=Text(kiki, height=20, width=80,bg = \"light yellow\")\n",
    "            butt=Button(kiki, height=1, width=25, text=\"Done\",command=lambda: retrieve_input())\n",
    "            self.note.grid(row=0, column=1,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "            butt.grid(row=1, column=1,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "            def spe(event):\n",
    "                #print(event.type)\n",
    "                r = sr.Recognizer()  \n",
    "                T=True\n",
    "                while(T):\n",
    "                    self.speek.configure(text=\"listening...\")\n",
    "                    try:\n",
    "                        with sr.Microphone() as source2:\n",
    "                            r.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source2, duration=0.2)\n",
    "                            audio2 = r.listen(source2)\n",
    "                            MyText = r.recognize_google(audio2)\n",
    "                            MyText = MyText.lower()\n",
    "                            self.note.insert(END,MyText)\n",
    "                    except sr.RequestError as e: \n",
    "                        self.note.insert(END,\"Not connected to Internet\\nCould not request results; {0}\".format(e)) \n",
    "                    except sr.UnknownValueError: \n",
    "                        self.note.insert(END,\"unknown error occured\")\n",
    "                    T=False\n",
    "                self.speek.configure(text=\"speak\")\n",
    "            self.speek=Button(kiki, height=1, width=25, text='Speak')\n",
    "            self.speek.bind('<Button-1>', spe)\n",
    "            self.speek.grid(row=2, column=1,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "        l=[]\n",
    "        koi=Toplevel(self)\n",
    "        imi=self.to_save\n",
    "        mic=0\n",
    "        #print(len(imi))\n",
    "        for i in range(len(imi)):\n",
    "                mi=imi[i].copy()\n",
    "                mi[mi!=1]=0\n",
    "                mic+=mi\n",
    "                xix=Image.fromarray(imi[i])\n",
    "                render=ImageTk.PhotoImage(xix)\n",
    "                l.append(Label(koi,image=render))\n",
    "                l[i].image=render\n",
    "                l[i].bind('<Button-1>',docnotes)\n",
    "                l[i].grid(row=0, column=i,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "        a=np.asarray(self.image_new)\n",
    "        mic = mic.astype('uint8')\n",
    "        _,thresh=cv2.threshold(mic, 0, 2,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)\n",
    "        co = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)[1]\n",
    "        #xi=np.multiply(a,mic)\n",
    "        a = a.astype('uint8')\n",
    "        cv2.drawContours(a, co, -1,(2,2,2), thickness = 2)\n",
    "        io=cv2.cvtColor(a,cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)\n",
    "        a=cv2.cvtColor(io, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)\n",
    "        xi=Image.fromarray(a)\n",
    "        self.save_d=xi\n",
    "        ren=ImageTk.PhotoImage(xi)\n",
    "        l=Label(koi,image=ren, text='Combined')\n",
    "        l.image=ren\n",
    "        l.grid(row=1, column=0,sticky = 'nw', pady = 2)\n",
    "        butto=Button(koi,text='Save.dcm', command=self.save_dicom)\n",
    "        butto.grid(row=1, column=1,sticky = 'e', pady = 2)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def livedraw(self):\n",
    "        def motion(event):\n",
    "                event.widget.focus_set()\n",
    "                self.points.append((event.x,event.y))\n",
    "                if len(self.points)>1:\n",
    "                    for i in range(0,len(self.points)-1):\n",
    "                        cv2.line(self.live_image,(self.points[i][0],self.points[i][1]),(self.points[i+1][0],self.points[i+1][1]),(255,192,203),1)\n",
    "                        ixi=Image.fromarray(self.live_image)\n",
    "                        render=ImageTk.PhotoImage(ixi)\n",
    "                        l1.configure(image=render)\n",
    "                        l1.image=render\n",
    "                \n",
    "        def flag(event):\n",
    "                cv2.line(self.live_image,(self.points[0][0],self.points[0][1]),(self.points[-1][0],self.points[-1][1]),(255,192,203),1)\n",
    "                self.points=[]\n",
    "                liv=self.live_image.copy()\n",
    "                liv = liv.astype('uint8')\n",
    "                liv[liv>1]=0\n",
    "                liv[liv<1]=0\n",
    "                self.live_image=np.asarray(self.image_new)\n",
    "                _,thresh=cv2.threshold(liv, 0, 200,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)\n",
    "                contours = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)[1]\n",
    "                cv2.drawContours(self.nene, contours, -1,(255,192,203), thickness = 1 )\n",
    "                xix=Image.fromarray(self.nene)\n",
    "                render=ImageTk.PhotoImage(xix)\n",
    "                l1.configure(image=render)\n",
    "                l1.image=render\n",
    "                b.configure(state='normal')\n",
    "        def reti():\n",
    "            self.to_save=array_im\n",
    "            self.notes()\n",
    "        def gogo(event):\n",
    "            if event.char=='d':\n",
    "                array_im.append((self.nene))\n",
    "                self.nene=np.asarray(self.image_new)\n",
    "        self.live=Toplevel(self)\n",
    "        self.live.title('live wire')\n",
    "        Text1=Label(self.live,wraplength=450,text='Press right button on mouse to join the points when done')\n",
    "        Text2=Label(self.live,wraplength=450,text='Press (d) to save and mark another area')\n",
    "        Text3=Label(self.live,wraplength=450,text='Click (SHOW) button to make notes for respective markings')\n",
    "        Text1.pack()\n",
    "        Text2.pack()\n",
    "        Text3.pack()\n",
    "        render=ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.image_new)\n",
    "        l1=Label(self.live,image=render)\n",
    "        l1.image=render\n",
    "        self.live_image=np.asarray(self.image_new)\n",
    "        self.nene=np.asarray(self.image_new)\n",
    "        self.points=[]\n",
    "        array_im=[]\n",
    "        self.flag=True\n",
    "        l1.bind('<Button-1>',motion)\n",
    "        l1.bind('<Button-2>',flag)\n",
    "        l1.bind('<Key>',lambda a: gogo(a))\n",
    "        l1.pack()\n",
    "        b=Button(self.live,text='SHOW',command=reti,state='disabled')\n",
    "        b.pack()\n",
    "\n",
    "window=tk.Tk()\n",
    "mywin=MyWindow(window)\n",
    "mywin.pack(side=\"top\", fill=\"both\", expand=True)\n",
    "window.title('Dicom')\n",
    "window.geometry(\"450x650+10+10\")\n",
    "window.mainloop()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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