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appdx-bx.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Bitcoin Explorer (bx) Commands</title>
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<body class="article data-line-1">
<div id="header">
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1 data-line-4">
<h2 id="appdx_bx">Appendix A: Bitcoin Explorer (bx) Commands</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph data-line-6">
<p>Bitcoin Explorer (bx) is a command-line tool that offers a variety of commands for key management and transaction construction. It is part of the libbitcoin bitcoin library.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-8">
<div class="content">
<pre>Usage: bx COMMAND [--help]
Info: The bx commands are:
address-decode
address-embed
address-encode
address-validate
base16-decode
base16-encode
base58-decode
base58-encode
base58check-decode
base58check-encode
base64-decode
base64-encode
bitcoin160
bitcoin256
btc-to-satoshi
ec-add
ec-add-secrets
ec-multiply
ec-multiply-secrets
ec-new
ec-to-address
ec-to-public
ec-to-wif
fetch-balance
fetch-header
fetch-height
fetch-history
fetch-stealth
fetch-tx
fetch-tx-index
hd-new
hd-private
hd-public
hd-to-address
hd-to-ec
hd-to-public
hd-to-wif
help
input-set
input-sign
input-validate
message-sign
message-validate
mnemonic-decode
mnemonic-encode
ripemd160
satoshi-to-btc
script-decode
script-encode
script-to-address
seed
send-tx
send-tx-node
send-tx-p2p
settings
sha160
sha256
sha512
stealth-decode
stealth-encode
stealth-public
stealth-secret
stealth-shared
tx-decode
tx-encode
uri-decode
uri-encode
validate-tx
watch-address
wif-to-ec
wif-to-public
wrap-decode
wrap-encode</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-88">
<p>For more information, see the <a href="https://github.com/libbitcoin/libbitcoin-explorer" data-href="https://github.com/libbitcoin/libbitcoin-explorer">Bitcoin Explorer homepage</a> and <a href="https://github.com/libbitcoin/libbitcoin-explorer/wiki" data-href="https://github.com/libbitcoin/libbitcoin-explorer/wiki">Bitcoin Explorer user documentation</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2 data-line-90">
<h3 id="_examples_of_bx_command_use">Examples of bx Command Use</h3>
<div class="paragraph data-line-92">
<p>Let’s look at some examples of using Bitcoin Explorer commands to experiment with keys and addresses.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-94">
<p>Generate a random "seed" value using the seed command, which uses the operating system’s random number generator. Pass the seed to the ec-new command to generate a new private key. We save the standard output into the file <em>private_key</em>:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-96">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx seed | bx ec-new > private_key
$ cat private_key
73096ed11ab9f1db6135857958ece7d73ea7c30862145bcc4bbc7649075de474</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-102">
<p>Now, generate the public key from that private key using the ec-to-public command. We pass the <em>private_key</em> file into the standard input and save the standard output of the command into a new file <em>public_key</em>:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-104">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx ec-to-public < private_key > public_key
$ cat public_key
02fca46a6006a62dfdd2dbb2149359d0d97a04f430f12a7626dd409256c12be500</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-110">
<p>We can reformat the public_key as an address using the ec-to-address command. We pass the <em>public_key</em> into standard input:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-112">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx ec-to-address < public_key
17re1S4Q8ZHyCP8Kw7xQad1Lr6XUzWUnkG</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-117">
<p>Keys generated in this manner produce a type-0 nondeterministic wallet. That means that each key is generated from an independent seed. Bitcoin Explorer commands can also generate keys deterministically, in accordance with BIP-32. In this case, a "master" key is created from a seed and then extended deterministically to produce a tree of subkeys, resulting in a type-2 deterministic wallet.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-119">
<p>First, we use the seed and hd-new commands to generate a master key that will be used as the basis to derive a hierarchy of keys:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-121">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx seed > seed
$ cat seed
eb68ee9f3df6bd4441a9feadec179ff1
$ bx hd-new < seed > master
$ cat master
xprv9s21ZrQH143K2BEhMYpNQoUvAgiEjArAVaZaCTgsaGe6LsAnwubeiTcDzd23mAoyizm9cApe51gNfLMkBqkYoWWMCRwzfuJk8RwF1SVEpAQ</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-131">
<p>We now use the hd-private command to generate a hardened "account" key and a sequence of two private keys within the account:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-133">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx hd-private --hard < master > account
$ cat account
xprv9vkDLt81dTKjwHB8fsVB5QK8cGnzveChzSrtCfvu3aMWvQaThp59ueufuyQ8Qi3qpjk4aKsbmbfxwcgS8PYbgoR2NWHeLyvg4DhoEE68A1n
$ bx hd-private --index 0 < account
xprv9xHfb6w1vX9xgZyPNXVgAhPxSsEkeRcPHEUV5iJcVEsuUEACvR3NRY3fpGhcnBiDbvG4LgndirDsia1e9F3DWPkX7Tp1V1u97HKG1FJwUpU
$ bx hd-private --index 1 < account
xprv9xHfb6w1vX9xjc8XbN4GN86jzNAZ6xHEqYxzbLB4fzHFd6VqCLPGRZFsdjsuMVERadbgDbziCRJru9n6tzEWrASVpEdrZrFidt1RDfn4yA3</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-145">
<p>Next, we use the hd-public command to generate the corresponding sequence of two public keys:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock data-line-147">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx hd-public --index 0 < account
xpub6BH1zcTuktiFu43rUZ2gXqLgzu5F3tLEeTQ5t6iE3aQtM2VMTxMcyLN9fYHiGhGpQe9QQYmqL2eYPFJ3vezHz5wzaSW4FiGrseNDR4LKqTy
$ bx hd-public --index 1 < account
xpub6BH1zcTuktiFx6CzhPbGjG3UYQ13WR16CmtbPiagEKpEVtpyjshWyMaMV1cn7nUPUkgQHPVXJVqsrA8xWbGQDhohEcDFTEYMvYzwRD7Juf8</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph data-line-155">
<p>The public keys can also be derived from their corresponding private keys using the hd-to-public command:</p>
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<pre>$ bx hd-private --index 0 < account | bx hd-to-public
xpub6BH1zcTuktiFu43rUZ2gXqLgzu5F3tLEeTQ5t6iE3aQtM2VMTxMcyLN9fYHiGhGpQe9QQYmqL2eYPFJ3vezHz5wzaSW4FiGrseNDR4LKqTy
$ bx hd-private --index 1 < account | bx hd-to-public
xpub6BH1zcTuktiFx6CzhPbGjG3UYQ13WR16CmtbPiagEKpEVtpyjshWyMaMV1cn7nUPUkgQHPVXJVqsrA8xWbGQDhohEcDFTEYMvYzwRD7Juf8</pre>
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<div class="paragraph data-line-165">
<p>We can generate a practically limitless number of keys in a deterministic chain, all derived from a single seed. This technique is used in many wallet applications to generate keys that can be backed up and restored with a single seed value. This is easier than having to back up the wallet with all its randomly generated keys every time a new key is created.</p>
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<div class="paragraph data-line-167">
<p>The seed can be encoded using the mnemonic-encode command:</p>
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<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx hd-mnemonic < seed > words
adore repeat vision worst especially veil inch woman cast recall dwell appreciate</pre>
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<div class="paragraph data-line-174">
<p>The seed can then be decoded using the mnemonic-decode command:</p>
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<div class="listingblock data-line-176">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ bx mnemonic-decode < words
eb68ee9f3df6bd4441a9feadec179ff1</pre>
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<div class="paragraph data-line-181">
<p>Mnemonic encoding can make the seed easier to record and even remember.</p>
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Last updated 2022-02-25 11:57:56 -0500
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