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<!DOCTYPE html>
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The Unix Shell
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<h3 id="02-filedir-figure-1">Figure 1</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘The file system is made up of a root directory that contains sub-directories titled bin, data, users, and tmp’</p>
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<h3 id="02-filedir-figure-2">Figure 2</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘Like other directories, home directories are sub-directories underneath "/Users" like "/Users/imhotep", "/Users/larry" or"/Users/nelle"’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/home-directories.svg" alt='Like other directories, home directories are sub-directories underneath "/Users" like "/Users/imhotep", "/Users/larry" or"/Users/nelle"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr>
<h3 id="02-filedir-figure-3">Figure 3</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘A directory tree below the Users directory where "/Users" contains the directories "backup" and "thing"; "/Users/backup" contains "original","pnas_final" and "pnas_sub"; "/Users/thing" contains "backup"; and"/Users/thing/backup" contains "2012-12-01", "2013-01-08" and"2013-01-27"’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/filesystem-challenge.svg" alt='A directory tree below the Users directory where "/Users" contains the directories "backup" and "thing"; "/Users/backup" contains "original","pnas_final" and "pnas_sub"; "/Users/thing" contains "backup"; and"/Users/thing/backup" contains "2012-12-01", "2013-01-08" and"2013-01-27"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr>
<h3 id="02-filedir-figure-4">Figure 4</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘A directory tree below the Users directory where "/Users" contains the directories "backup" and "thing"; "/Users/backup" contains "original","pnas_final" and "pnas_sub"; "/Users/thing" contains "backup"; and"/Users/thing/backup" contains "2012-12-01", "2013-01-08" and"2013-01-27"’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/filesystem-challenge.svg" alt='A directory tree below the Users directory where "/Users" contains the directories "backup" and "thing"; "/Users/backup" contains "original","pnas_final" and "pnas_sub"; "/Users/thing" contains "backup"; and"/Users/thing/backup" contains "2012-12-01", "2013-01-08" and"2013-01-27"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr>
<h3 id="02-filedir-figure-5">Figure 5</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘General syntax of a shell command’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/shell_command_syntax.svg" alt="General syntax of a shell command" class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr></section><section id="03-create"><h2 class="section-heading"><a href="03-create.html">Working With Files and Directories</a></h2>
<hr class="half-width">
<h3 id="03-create-figure-1">Figure 1</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘screenshot of nano text editor in action with the text It's not publish or perish any more, it's share and thrive’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/nano-screenshot.png" alt="screenshot of nano text editor in action with the text It's not publish or perish any more, it's share and thrive" class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr></section><section id="04-pipefilter"><h2 class="section-heading"><a href="04-pipefilter.html">Pipes and Filters</a></h2>
<hr class="half-width">
<h3 id="04-pipefilter-figure-1">Figure 1</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘Redirects and Pipes of different commands: "wc -l *.pdb" will direct theoutput to the shell. "wc -l *.pdb > lengths" will direct output to the file"lengths". "wc -l *.pdb | sort -n | head -n 1" will build a pipeline where theoutput of the "wc" command is the input to the "sort" command, the output ofthe "sort" command is the input to the "head" command and the output of the"head" command is directed to the shell’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/redirects-and-pipes.svg" alt='Redirects and Pipes of different commands: "wc -l *.pdb" will direct theoutput to the shell. "wc -l *.pdb > lengths" will direct output to the file"lengths". "wc -l *.pdb | sort -n | head -n 1" will build a pipeline where theoutput of the "wc" command is the input to the "sort" command, the output ofthe "sort" command is the input to the "head" command and the output of the"head" command is directed to the shell' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr></section><section id="05-loop"><h2 class="section-heading"><a href="05-loop.html">Loops</a></h2>
<hr class="half-width">
<h3 id="05-loop-figure-1">Figure 1</h3>
<p aria-hidden="true">Image 1 of 1: ‘The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"’</p>
<figure><img src="fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><hr></section><section id="06-script"><h2 class="section-heading"><a href="06-script.html">Shell Scripts</a></h2>
<hr class="half-width"></section><section id="07-find"><h2 class="section-heading"><a href="07-find.html">Finding Things</a></h2>
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