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settings_warm_day.xml
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settings_warm_day.xml
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<!--
######################################################################
## #### ###### ######## ## ####### ####### ########
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ###### ###### ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
######## #### ###### ## ######## ####### ####### ########
######################################################################
TEMPLATE SETTINGS FILE Authors JvdK, PB
TIPS:
You can use builtin path variables in this template and reference to other paths in a relative way:
- SettingsPath: Path to the settings_files file
- SettingsDir: alias for SettingsPath
- ProjectPath: path to project root dir
- ProjectDir: alias for ProjectPath
ex: <textvar name="PathRoot" value="$(SettingsPath)/../../myrootfolder">
-->
<lfsettings>
<lfoptions>
<setoption choice="1" name="wateruse"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="groundwaterSmooth"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="TransientWaterDemandChange"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="useWaterDemandAveYear"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="wateruseRegion"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="indicator"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="drainedIrrigation"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="riceIrrigation"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="openwaterevapo"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="simulateLakes"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="simulateReservoirs"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="simulatePF"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="SplitRouting"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="InitLisflood"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repEndMaps"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repStateMaps"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repDischargeTs"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repDischargeMaps"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repSurfaceRunoffMaps"/>
# report gauges and sites
<setoption choice="0" name="repStateSites"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repRateSites"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repStateUpsGauges"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repRateUpsGauges"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repMeteoUpsGauges"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repsimulateLakes"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="repsimulateReservoirs"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repSnowMaps"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repPFMaps"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repLZMaps"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repUZMaps"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repGwPercUZLZMaps"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repRWS"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="readNetcdfStack"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="writeNetcdfStack"/>
<setoption choice="1" name="writeNetcdf"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repTotalAbs"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repTotalWUse"/>
<setoption choice="0" name="repWIndex"/>
</lfoptions>
<lfuser>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
PARALLELIZED KINEMATIC ROUTING
**************************************************************
</comment>
!-- Parallelisation of the kinematic wave routing (via openMP multi-threading).
The option "numberParallelThreadsKinematicWave" may take the following values:
- "0" : auto-detection of the machine/node's number of CPUs (all CPUs are used minus 1)
(do not set it if other simulations are running on the same machine/node)
- "1" : serial execution (not parallel)
- "2", "3", ... : manual setting of the number of parallel threads.
(if exceeding the number of CPUs, the option is set to "0") -->
<textvar name="numCPUs_parallelKinematicWave" value="30"/>
<comment>
**************************************************************
AREA AND OUTLETS
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="proj4_params"
value="+proj=laea +lat_0=52 +lon_0=10 +x_0=4321000 +y_0=3210000 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs">
<comment>
This is necessary when using projected coordinates (x,y)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathRoot" value="/perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood">
<comment>
/perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood
Root directory
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="MaskMap" value="sbsPo/po_sbs.map">
<comment>
sbsDrina/DrinaMask.map
/perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood/area
70 40 0.1 -8.6 43.3 # Douro
30 30 0.1 6.0 52.0
Clone map
col row cellsize xupleft yupleft
300 200 0.1 -15 25 -> Niger
3600 1500 0.1 -180 90 -> World
$(PathRoot)\areamaps\areaEurope.map
$(PathRoot)\areamaps\AreaPo.map
or pcraster maps or netcdf maps
e.g.
Rhine areaLobith.map
Niger areaLokoja.map
Po areaPo.map
Danube areaDanube.map
Sava areaSava.map
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="Gauges" value="$(PathMaps)/outlets.map">
<comment>
-7.85 41.15 -7.75 41.15 -7.35 41.15 -7.25 41.15 -7.15 41.15 -7.05 41.15 -5.85 41.75 # Duoro
6.15 51.85
12.25 44.95 9.95 45.15 # Po
Nominal map with gauge locations (i.e cells for which simulated discharge
is written to file(1,2,3 etc)
lat lon (lat2 lon2 ...)
or pcraster maps or netcdf maps
./mapsNetcdf/maps/outlets_World.map
$(PathMaps)/outlets.map
e.g.
Lobith/Rhine 6.15 51.85
Bratislava/Danube 17.15 48.15
Niger/Lokoja 6.75 7.85 0.45 15.65
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="netCDFtemplate" value="$(PathMaps)/elvstd.nc">
<comment>
netcdf template used to copy metadata information for writing netcdf
$(PathEvapo)/$(PrefixE0)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="Latitude" value="/perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/hprot/staticMaps/ec_lat.map">
<comment>
latitude map to be used for snow/ice modelling
</comment>
</textvar>
<comment>
**************************************************************
TIME-RELATED CONSTANTS
**************************************************************
</comment>
<!-- menta -->
<textvar name="CalendarConvention" value="proleptic_gregorian"/>
<textvar name="CalendarDayStart" value="02/01/2018 06:00">
<comment>
Calendar day number of 1st day in model run
Day of the year of first map (e.g. xx000.001) even if the model start from map e.g. 500
e.g. 1st of January: 1; 1st of June 151 (or 152 in leap year)
Needed to read out LAI tables correctly
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="DtSec" value="86400">
<comment>
timestep [seconds]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="DtSecChannel" value="3600">
<comment>
17280 5 times subrouting
21600 4 times
Sub time step used for kinematic wave channel routing [seconds]
Within the model,the smallest out of DtSecChannel and DtSec is used
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="StepStart" value="03/01/2018 06:00">
<comment>
22/02/2018 06:00
52
Number of first time step in simulation
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="StepEnd" value="03/01/2018 06:00">
<comment>
22/03/2018 06:00
80
Number of last time step in simulation
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ReportSteps" value="1..99999">
<comment>
1..9999
Time steps at which to write model state maps (i.e. only
those maps that would be needed to define initial conditions
for succeeding model run)
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
MONTE CARLO, KALMAN FILTER
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="EnsMembers" value="2">
<comment>
Number of sample to use in MonteCarlo simulations
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="nrCores" value="2">
<comment>
Number of cores of the computer to use in MonteCarlo simulations
This only works with Linux, if set to 1 no forking will be used
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="FilterSteps" value="10">
<comment>
Time steps at which to write model state maps (i.e. only
those maps that would be needed to define initial conditions
for succeeding model run)
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
CALIBRATION PARAMETERS
with .nc format: than working with smaller sub-areas is possible
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="UpperZoneTimeConstant" value="$(PathParams)/params_UpperZoneTimeConstant">
<comment>
default: 10
$(PathParams)/params_UpperZoneTimeConstant.nc
Time constant for water in upper zone [days*mm^GwAlpha]
Note that units are days if GwAlpha=0 (linear reservoir]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="LowerZoneTimeConstant" value="$(PathParams)/params_LowerZoneTimeConstant">
<comment>
default: 100
$(PathParams)/params_LowerZoneTimeConstant.nc
Time constant for water in lower zone [days]
This is the average time a water 'particle' remains in the reservoir
if we had a stationary system (average inflow=average outflow)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="GwPercValue" value="$(PathParams)/params_GwPercValue">
<comment>
default: 0.5
$(PathParams)/params_GwPercValue.nc
Maximum rate of percolation going from the Upper to the Lower
response box [mm/day]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="GwLoss" value="$(PathParams)/params_GwLoss">
<comment>
default: 0.0
$(PathParams)/params_GwLoss.nc
Maximum loss rate out of Lower response box, expressed as a fraction of
lower zone outflow. Fraction [-], range 0-1
A value of 0 (closed lower boundary) is recommended as a starting value
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="b_Xinanjiang" value="$(PathParams)/params_b_Xinanjiang">
<comment>
default: 0.7
$(PathParams)/params_b_Xinanjiang.nc
Power in Xinanjiang distribution function
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PowerPrefFlow" value="$(PathParams)/params_PowerPrefFlow">
<comment>
default: 3.5
$(PathParams)/params_PowerPrefFlow.nc
Power that controls increase of proportion of preferential
flow with increased soil moisture storage
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="CalChanMan" value="$(PathParams)/params_CalChanMan1">
<comment>
default: 2.0
$(PathParams)/params_CalChanMan1.nc
Multiplier applied to Channel Manning's n
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SnowMeltCoef" value="$(PathParams)/params_SnowMeltCoef">
<comment>
default: 4.0
$(PathParams)/params_SnowMeltCoef.nc
SRM: 0.45 cm/C/day ( = 4.50 mm/C/day), Kwadijk: 18 mm/C/month (= 0.59 mm/C/day)
See also Martinec et al., 1998.
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="CalChanMan2" value="$(PathParams)/params_CalChanMan2">
<comment>
default: 3.0
$(PathParams)/params_CalChanMan2.nc
Multiplier applied to Channel Manning's n for second line of routing
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="LakeMultiplier" value="$(PathParams)/params_LakeMultiplier">
<comment>
default: 1.0
$(PathParams)/params_LakeMultiplier.nc
Multiplier applied to the lake parameter A
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="adjust_Normal_Flood" value="$(PathParams)/params_adjust_Normal_Flood">
<comment>
default: 0.8
$(PathParams)/params_adjust_Normal_Flood.nc
adjusting the balance between normal and flood storage
big values (= closer to 1.0 = close to flood) results in keeping the outflow longer at rnormq
Range 0.01 - 0.99
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ReservoirRnormqMult" value="$(PathParams)/params_ReservoirRnormqMult">
<comment>
default: 1.0
$(PathParams)/params_ReservoirRnormqMult.nc
Reservoir rnormq (normal outflow)
fraction of the value in table rnormq.txt range: 0.5 - 2
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="AvWaterRateThreshold" value="5.0">
<comment>
default: 5.0 (not included in calibration)
Critical amount of available water (expressed in [mm/day]!), above which 'Days Since Last Rain'
parameter is
set to 1
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
FILE PATHS
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="PathOut" value="outputs/day/">
<comment>
Output path (org=$(PathRoot)/out)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathInit" value="initstate/day/">
<comment>
Path of the initial value maps e.g. lzavin.map (org=$(PathRoot)/outPo)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathMaps" value="/perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood">
<comment>
/perm/mo/mocm/proj/efas/xdom/data/staticData/lisflood
Maps path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathInflow" value="$(PathRoot)/inflow">
<comment>
Inflow path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathParams" value="$(PathMaps)/parameters">
<comment>
Calibration parameter path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathTables" value="$(PathRoot)/tables">
<comment>
Tables path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathMapsTables" value="$(PathMaps)/table2map">
<comment>
Maps instead tables path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathSoilHyd" value="$(PathMaps)/soilhyd">
<comment>
Maps instead tables for soil hydraulics path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathMapsLandUseChange" value="$(PathMaps)/landuse_rcp85_20062125">
<comment>
Maps for transient land use changes every 5 years
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathMapsLanduse" value="$(PathMaps)/landuse2006">
<comment>
Maps for land use fractions and related land use maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathWaterUse" value="$(PathMaps)/waterdemand">
<comment>
Water use maps path
$(PathMaps)/waterdemand19902014
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathMeteo" value="forcings/day/">
<comment>
./meteoWatch
Meteo path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathLAI" value="$(PathMaps)/lai">
<comment>
Leaf Area Index maps path
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PathVarWaterfraction" value="$(PathMaps)/variablewater">
<comment>
variable water fraction maps path
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
INITIAL CONDITIONS
(maps or single values)
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="timestepInit" value="02/01/2018 06:00">
<comment>
21/02/2018 06:00#
51
if init. condition are stored as netCDF with different time steps
this variable indicates which time step to use
Either as date e.g. 1/1/2010 or as number e.g. 5
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="OFDirectInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/ofdir">
<comment>
Reported water direct
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="OFOtherInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/ofoth">
<comment>
Reported water other
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="OFForestInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/offor">
<comment>
Reported water forest
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SnowCoverAInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/scova">
<comment>
initial snow depth in snow zone A [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SnowCoverBInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/scovb">
<comment>
initial snow depth in snow zone B [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SnowCoverCInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/scovc">
<comment>
initial snow depth in snow zone C [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="FrostIndexInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/frost">
<comment>
initial Frost Index value
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="CumIntInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/cum">
<comment>
cumulative interception [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="UZInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/uz">
<comment>
water in upper store [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="DSLRInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/dslr">
<comment>
days since last rainfall
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
The following variables can also be initialized in the model
internally. if you want this to happen set them to bogus value
of -9999
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="LZInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/lz">
<comment>
water in lower store [mm]
-9999: use steady-state storage
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="TotalCrossSectionAreaInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/chcro">
<comment>
initial cross-sectional area of flow in channel[m2]
-9999: use half bankfull
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaInit1Value" value="$(PathInit)/tha">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 1
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaInit2Value" value="$(PathInit)/thb">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 2
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaInit3Value" value="$(PathInit)/thc">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 2
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="CrossSection2AreaInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/ch2cr">
<comment>
initial channel crosssection for 2nd routing channel
-9999: use 0
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrevSideflowInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/chside">
<comment>
initial channel cross section for 2nd routing channel
-9999: use 0
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="LakeInitialLevelValue" value="$(PathInit)/lakeh">
<comment>
Initial lake level [m]
-9999 sets initial value to steady-state level
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="LakePrevInflowValue" value="$(PathInit)/lakeprevinq">
<comment>
Lake inflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s]
-9999 sets initial value equal to PrevDischarge (ChanQ(t))
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="LakePrevOutflowValue" value="$(PathInit)/lakeprevoutq">
<comment>
Lake outflow at previous routing sub-step (ChanQ(t-1)) [m3/s]
-9999 sets initial value
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrevDischarge" value="$(PathInit)/chanq">
<comment>
initial discharge from previous run for lakes, reservoirs and transmission loss ChanQ
only needed for lakes reservoirs and transmission loss
-9999: use 0
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
INITIAL CONDITIONS FOREST
(maps or single values)
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="CumIntForestInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/cumf">
<comment>
cumulative interception [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="UZForestInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/uzf">
<comment>
water in upper store [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="DSLRForestInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/dslf">
<comment>
days since last rainfall
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaForestInit1Value" value="$(PathInit)/thfa">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 1
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaForestInit2Value" value="$(PathInit)/thfb">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 2
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaForestInit3Value" value="$(PathInit)/thfc">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 2
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
INITIAL CONDITIONS IRRIGATION
(maps or single values)
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="CumIntIrrigationInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/cumi">
<comment>
cumulative interception [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="UZIrrigationInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/uzi">
<comment>
water in upper store [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="DSLRIrrigationInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/dsli">
<comment>
days since last rainfall
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaIrrigationInit1Value" value="$(PathInit)/thia">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 1
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaIrrigationInit2Value" value="$(PathInit)/thib">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 2
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="ThetaIrrigationInit3Value" value="$(PathInit)/thic">
<comment>
initial soil moisture content layer 2
-9999: use field capacity values
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
INITIAL CONDITIONS IMPERVIOUS AREAS
(maps or single values)
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="CumIntSealedInitValue" value="$(PathInit)/cseal">
<comment>
cumulative interception [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
PREFIXES OF METEO AND VEGETATION RELATED VARIABLES
**************************************************************
</comment>
<textvar name="PrefixPrecipitation" value="pr">
<comment>
prefix precipitation maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixTavg" value="ta">
<comment>
prefix average temperature maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixE0" value="e0">
<comment>
prefix E0 maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixES0" value="es">
<comment>
prefix ES0 maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixET0" value="et">
<comment>
prefix ET0 maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixLAIOther" value="laio">
<comment>
prefix LAI maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixLAIForest" value="laif">
<comment>
prefix LAI forest maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixLAIIrrigation" value="laii">
<comment>
prefix LAI irrigation maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixWaterUseDomestic" value="dom_2014">
<comment>
prefix domestic water use maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixWaterUseLivestock" value="liv_2014">
<comment>
prefix livestock water use maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixWaterUseEnergy" value="ene_2014">
<comment>
prefix energy water use maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixWaterUseIndustry" value="ind_2014">
<comment>
prefix industry water use maps
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="PrefixVarWaterFraction" value="varw">
<comment>
prefix variable water fraction
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
PARAMETERS RELATED TO EVAPO(TRANSPI)RATION AND Interception
**************************************************************
Suggested parameterisation strategy:
- leave all these parameters at their default values.
in some very special cases CalEvaporation may be set to some
value other than one
</comment>
<textvar name="PrScaling" value="1">
<comment>
Multiplier applied to potential precipitation rates
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="CalEvaporation" value="1.0">
<comment>
Multiplier applied to potential evapo(transpi)ration rates
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="LeafDrainageTimeConstant" value="1">
<comment>
Time constant for water in interception store [days]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="kdf" value="0.72">
<comment>
Average extinction coefficient for the diffuse radiation flux
varies with crop from 0.4 to 1.1 (Goudriaan (1977))
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SMaxSealed" value="1.0">
<comment>
maximum depression storage for water on impervious surface
which is not immediatly causing surface runoff [mm]
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>
<group>
<comment>
**************************************************************
SNOW AND FROST RELATED PARAMETERS
**************************************************************
Suggested parameterisation strategy:
- estimate SnowFactor from prior data (if available), otherwise use 1
- use SnowMeltCoef as a calibration constant
- leave all other parameters at default
</comment>
<textvar name="SnowFactor" value="1">
<comment>
Multiplier applied to precipitation that falls as snow
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SnowSeasonAdj" value="1.0">
<comment>
range [mm C-1 d-1] of the seasonal variation
SnowMeltCoef is the average value
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="TempMelt" value="1.0">
<comment>
Average temperature at which snow melts
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="TempSnow" value="1.0">
<comment>
Average temperature below which precipitation is snow
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="TemperatureLapseRate" value="0.0065">
<comment>
Temperature lapse rate with altitude [deg C / m]
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="Afrost" value="0.97">
<comment>
Daily decay coefficient, (Handbook of Hydrology, p. 7.28)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="Kfrost" value="0.57">
<comment>
Snow depth reduction coefficient, [cm-1], (HH, p. 7.28)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="SnowWaterEquivalent" value="0.45">
<comment>
Snow water equivalent, (based on snow density of 450 kg/m3) (e.g. Tarboton and Luce, 1996)
</comment>
</textvar>
<textvar name="FrostIndexThreshold" value="56">
<comment>
Degree Days Frost Threshold (stops infiltration, percolation and capillary rise)
Molnau and Bissel found a value 56-85 for NW USA.
</comment>
</textvar>
</group>