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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Enrico Camporeale | NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center</title>
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<h2>Enrico Camporeale</h2>
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<h2>Machine Learning for Space Weather</h2>
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<h2>Projects</h2>
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<section>
<h4>Forecast of ground magnetic perturbations (dB/dt) </h4>
<p><span ><img src="images/dbdt.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px" alt="" /></span>
Combination of Machine Learning and physics-based simulation to forecast the perturbation of the magnetic field on the ground, that is responsible for geomagnetic induced current (GIC). GIC can damage electrical power systems and transformers and lead to regional black-outs.</br>
The project uses historical ground-based magnetometer data and the output of the <a href="https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/geospace-ground-magnetic-perturbation-maps"> Geospace model</a> that is operational at NOAA/SWPC.
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<h4>Real-time forecasting of killer electrons on satellite orbits </h4>
<p><span ><img src="images/radiation_belt.png" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px" alt="" /></span>
5-years project funded as a personal fellowship through a NWO-VIDI grant.</br>
In this project we use Bayesian parameter estimation and Physics-Informed Machine Learning to enhance physics-based simulations of high-energy electron flux in the radiation belt. </br>
The goal is to be able to predict the fluxes of killer electron along a given satellite orbit.
</p>
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<h4>Artificial Intelligence Data Analysis (AIDA)</h4>
<p><span><img src="images/aida.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px"/></span>
<a href="http://aida-space.eu/" target="_blank">AIDA</a> (Artificial Intelligence Data Analysis) is a scientific project coordinated by Prof. Giovanni Lapenta at KU Leuven and funded by the European Community, as part of the Horizon 2020 program (COMPET-4). AIDA has a total cost of 1.5 million euro and involves researchers from universities and companies in 6 countries: Belgium, Netherlands, France, Italy, Greece and the USA. This interdisciplinary collaboration will be devoted to artificial intelligence, applied to the analysis of space data.
</p>
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<h4>Solar Wind Classification</h4>
<p><span><img src="images/lasco_swoops_new.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px"/></span>
Classifying the solar wind in different 'types' is important to improve our statistical studies of solar wind properties. We are studying the classification of solar wind types with respect to their solar origin, by using Gaussian Processes. We have classsified about 300,000 hours of solar wind data taken form the OMNI2 database.</br>
The paper is available <a href="/papers/camporeale_JGR_2017.pdf " target="_blank">here</a>.</br>
The data and software is freely available <a href="https://projects.cwi.nl/mlspaceweather/software.html" target="_blank">here</a>.
</p>
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<h4>Forecast of geomagnetic indexes</h4>
<p> <span><img src="images/dst_forecast.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px" alt="" /></span>
We are working on forecast algorithms to predict the Dst geomagnetic index, based on solar wind velocity and magnetic field measured at the L1 point. The latest method employs a combination of Gaussian Processes and Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network. It outputs a distribution probability of future Dst values, up to 6 hours ahead.</br>
Publications: </br>
<li>M. Gruet, M. Chandorkar, A. Sicard, E. Camporeale (2018)
<b>Multiple hours ahead forecast of the Dst index using a combination of Long Short-Term Memory neural network and Gaussian Process</b>,<i> Space Weather, </i> 16, 11
<font size="2.5"><a href="./papers/gruet_et_al_sw2018.pdf" target="_blank"> Download full text</a></font>
</li>
<li> M. Chandorkar, E. Camporeale, S. Wing (2017)
<b> Probabilistic Forecasting of the Disturbance Storm Time Index: An Autoregressive Gaussian Process approach</b>, <em> Space Weather</em>, 15, 1004
<font size="2.5"><a href="./papers/swe20479.pdf" target="_blank"> Download full text</a></font>
</li>
</p>
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<h4>Forecast of solar wind speed and magnetic field</h4>
<p> <span><img src="images/sw_speed.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px" alt="" /></span>
We are developing algorithms that forecast the speed and magnetic field of the solar wind, a few days ahead of the arrival time, combining physics-based inputs and data-driven models. The latest model is a probabilistic model that predicts the 'what and when'. </br>
<a href= https://ml-helio.github.io/posters/chandorkar.pdf target="_blank"> See a poster of this work here</a>
<p></p><p></p>
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<h4>CWI-INRIA project 'Data-enhanced simulations for Space Weather predictions'</h4>
<span><img src="images/van_allen.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px"alt="" /></span>
A project jointly funded by CWI and INRIA, through an <a href="https://www.inria.fr/en/associate-team/mdg-tao" target="_blank">international associate team</a>. We propose an innovative approach to Space Weather modeling: the synergetic use of state-of-the-art simulations with Machine Learning and Data Assimilation techniques, in order to adjust for errors due to non-modeled physical processes, and parameter uncertainties.
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<p></p></br>
<h4>Uncertainty Quantification</h4>
<span><img src="images/UQ.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px"alt="" /></span>
A project that aims at quantifying the uncertainty of forecasts. Specifically, we have proposed a method that allows to interpret probabilistically a prediction made with a deterministic model, and we are studying ways to adaptively sample from an unknown distribution, with convergence faster than Monte-Carlo.</br>
Publications: </br>
<li> Camporeale, E., Agnihotri, A., Rutjes, C. (2017)
<b>Adaptive selection of sampling points for uncertainty quantification</b>, <em> Int. J. Uncertainty Quant.</em>, 7, 4, 285
<font size="2.5"><a href="./papers/1612.07827.pdf" target="_blank"> Download full text</a></font>
</li>
<li> Camporeale, E., Y. Shprits, M. Chandorkar, A. Drozdov, S. Wing (2016)
<b> On the propagation of uncertainties in radiation belt simulations </b>, <em> Space Weather</em>
<font size="2.5"><a href="./papers/camporeale_SW16_for_arxiv.pdf" target="_blank"> Download full text</a></font>
</li>
</p>
<p></p></br>
<h4>Information theory for solar wind-magnetosphere coupling</h4>
<span><img src="images/shannon.jpg" width=15% align="left" alt="" style="margin:0px 50px 20px 0px"alt="" /></span>
<p>We are employing information theory tools to understand the physical coupling between solar wind and magnetosphere. This will help establish the relative importance of exogenous parameters, such as solar wind velocity, flux and interplanetary magnetic field, in predicting local flux enhancement or geomagnetic storm commencement in the radiation belts.</p>
Publications:</br>
<li> Wing, S., Johnson, J. R., Camporeale, E., & Reeves, G. D. (2016)<br>
<b>Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt</b> <em>J. Geophys. Res. </em>, 121
<font size="2.5"><a href=./papers/wing2016.pdf target="_blank"> Download full text</a></font>
</li>
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